Newspaper Page Text
THE TWICE-A-WEEK TELEGRAPH
TUESDAY, JANUARY 8, 1907.
STRANGE
USED
WEAPONS
IN FIGHTING
The Ingenuity of man ha? been taxed
40 the utmost to contrive nc*' and
more deadly means of killing and
bounding his fellow men. and science
has now brought our modern weap
ons to sueh perfection, that )l seems
almost impn-rihle to imagine nnv ad
vance in their effectiveness. if we
expert the fold steel—which s'ill his
Its uses, if we are to judge by the
rerent war in the Bast—there are but
three classes of offensive weapons: The
gun and Its projectiles, the rifle anti the
mine or torpedo In the process of
their evolution from the stone and
dub of our prehistoric ancestors an
enormous numh"r of contrivances have
been invented by the fertile hralns of
soldiers, mechanics and scientists.
Some of these, mp h as the “hand
gonn-\" Edward US's "crakevs of
war”—the cannon he took against the
Scots—and the engineer Glannihelli’s
“devil ships of Antwerp,” may be re
garded. writes l.tcut -Pol. C. Field in
the Scientific American, as being the
direct ancestors of the rifle, gun and
torpedo of today. Buf there have been
hosts of others, which have either be
come entirely obsolete after a very
short reign, have never “caught on. "
or. In very many eases, have never
had any actual existence outside the
plnns and Ideas of their sanguine in
ventors.
Many of these war-like appliances,
especially those belonging to the mid
dle ages, are of the most grotesque
.description. As at no distant date
the making of hideous grimaces to
strike terror Into the heart of an ene
my was cultivated as a branch of the
military art by the troops of the Celes
tial empire, so in mediaeval times the
grotesque seems to have been consid
ered at least as much a desideratum as
the practical by the Inventors of of
fensive and defensive weapons. So
we have such extraordinary contriv
ances as n "machine to break the ranks
of an enemy” and other dragon-like
edifl ces.
How the former, which appears to be
a kind of mediaeval motor ear. got
Over the ground anti how It brought
Its formidable array of spikes to be::
Upon those who had the hardihood t
oppose its progress. mu?t be left t
the Imagination. The other machine
Is mereljt a grotesque edition, of th
movable towers that played sueh an
Important part In the sieges of ancien
and mediaeval cities.
Named Warlike Machines.
Anelent warriors had a great pen
chant for naming their various warlike
engines and machines after animals
real or Imaginary. Thus we have the
Roman “miiseulns." or "little mouse.” a
maehine for undermining the walls of
n besieged city: the bartering rant, the
sow, the scorpion fur discharging big
arrows from a powerful how. the <
er for hurling stones. The onager, ac
cording to tradition, was an anima
that had a pleasant trick of kicking
stones with great violence at its pur-
puers. Again, the Roman warship
were equipped with a spiked gangway
known as a “corvus.” or “crow,” which
on being let fall upon an enemy’s shir
grappled her and formed a bridge fur
hoarders.
Mediaeval soldiers made frequent
use of the “wolf" in the defence of
castles and towns. This was a species
of huge harrow, made of balks of tim
ber with wooden spikes nt the intersec
tions, which set up outside the wall
could he thrown down and forward to
crush the heslegers* as they crowded
to the assault. When cannon were in
vented their nanieK became legion. A
ship or n train of artillery contained
perfect zoological garden of hirds.
beasts and fabulous animals. Thor
were basilisks, drakes, dragons volant,
fnlcons. serpents and pelicans, not ti
mention “double dogs” and partridge
mortars.
We have of late years seen a good
deal in the newspapers nhnut the train
ing of dog* for military purnoses. sueh
as scouting, giving notice of the ap
proach of an enemy and searching for
the wounded. In former days this
telligent animal was also employed in
warfare, not only as a watch dog. One
method of “letting slip the dogs
war" was to equip them with a pot of
blazing rosin, a collar of spikes and
Jacket of leather scales to protect their
hacks from the Are. and send them
nmoru cavalry, much to the confusion
of the horses.
An Arab writer describes some won
derful wry: dogs which belonged to
the Oran™ Seignior, which he says
were as big as donkeys, were clad in
rich cloth, silver colters and nock rings
nnd a circle of iron points around the
neck. Some were even clad in armor.
They wore equal to tackling wolves,
dragons In the fire, eagles in the air
and crocodiles In the water, to say
nothing of being able to bring down
a man from horseback, “however stout
,a fellow he may he.” Dogs equipped
In much the same manner were also
'Used for Incendiary purposes to set
villages on Are, as were also cats and
pigeons.
Queer Weapons Invented.
With the advent of artillery and Are.
■ms, all kinds of queer weapons were
m time to time invented. Many of
^jem distinctly foreshadowed our mod-
S ' ern repeating and rlAed weapons. Not
few revolvers, repeaters and rlAed
ny. They generally took the form
of a rude machine gun. several mu;-
1 ket barrels being placed together In
the center, and a great array of curly,
murderous looking spears and halberds
arranged on cither side. The Lvoners
Is a later type without musket barrels
and intended for blocking a narrow
passage Those contrivances were
called orgues. from their re.semhlance
to the pipes of an organ, or sometimes
thunder carriage*.
Monster cnnnr>n were an early form
of extravaganza, in military weapons.
There are several accounts of such
pieces of ordnance. A traveler in
1743 stated that he had seen at Bruns
wick a gun or rather mortar cast in
1411. It was marie of brass, was ten
feet six inches long and no less than
nine feet two inches in diameter, and
was said to he capable of throwing
n Hint) pound shell. India boasted sev
eral of these monstrosities One still
to he seen at Kubberpore is said to be
no less than twenty-one feet three
inches long and Ave feet six inches
around the muzzle. It is called Jaun
KushaJI, or destroyer of life, by the
natives, and was probably cast some
where In Persia.
Cannon Had Tremendous Bore.
muskets were made in the sixteenth
and seventeenth centuries, hut as the
. whole affair had to be made by hand
thetr cost precluded any general adop
tion of these ingenious devices. “The
earliest cannon were breechloaders, and
like our modern guns were built up
rather than cast. But even after the
Invention of cast Iron and brass can
non the smaller pieces were generally
made to load at the breech. A couple
of sueh .weapons mounted in a kind
of cart were used by Henry VIII.
against the Scots, and would appear
to have been quite practical little af
fairs. They evidently could be wheeled
like hand barrows: the sloping shield
would afford excellent protection to
the gunners and probably contained
a receptacle for ammunition.
War carts or chariots were not unus
ual at this time, especially in Germa-
Another Indian piece, cast by Chule-
hv Koomy, Kahn of Ahmednugeer,
about the year 1500, has such a tre
mendous boro that the interior is now
At ted up as a kind of summer house
A cannon made at Rruges in 1346 had
a square bore and Ared cubical shot.
Guns were made of all kinds of mate
rial-'. though all such may be regarded
as freaks or experiments. The leather
guns inventr-d by an officer in the
army of Guscavu- Adolphus had a cer
tain vogue on account of their light
ness. Some were effectively used
against us by the Scots under General
Leslie at the battle of Xewhurn Ford
in 1610. They were made by wrap
ping rope and twine around copper
cylinders strengthened by iron rings.
They were then coated with plaster,
and Anally covered with leather. They
were very portable, but unreliable and
short lived. Gurs have been made of
wood hooped wiUuiron, not only in an
cient times, but quite recently in the
Philippines. whe*re they' were used
against the American troops.
The Chinese had a gun made of
bamboo in 1259. but only the other day
the Japanese were making effective
use of modern mortars bound around
with bamboo for throwing explosives,
into the Russian works at the siege of j
port Arthur. Gons have been made
of glass and even of ice.
fected in ancient days, according to
an Arab v. riter. by the "powder which
explodes wl'.tout sound,” made at El
Mcldaun. the ashes of human bones
taking the place of charcoal. The
making of this propellent is now, at
any rate, a lost art, but the same ob-
in other ways.
C 7 nel Humbert of the French ar-
Ject is to a certain extent attained
my lias invented a species of tube
which, r.ffi; ■-q : . the muzzle of a field
piece, prevents either flash or sound,
while a rifle invented in America has
a big cartridge containing water, which
interposes between the bullet and the
pov/der charge in Its l5ase. This Is
supposed to regulate the escape of the
powder gas and so minimize the re
port without diminishing the force and
velocity with which the projectile leaves
the barrel. The great addition which
this system would make to the weight
of the ammunition is quite enough to
put the weapon out of court for mili
tary purposes.
THE HOWARD GOULDS APART.
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS.
Examine label on your pa
per. It tells how you stand on
the books. Due from date on
iike label. Send in dues and
also renew for the year 1907.
COREY IN FRANCE
WITH NIA3ELLE GILMAN
PARIS, Jan.
rey, president
7.—Whether A. E. Co-
of the United States
Steel Corporation, will marry Mabelle
Gilman, the American singer, before
he returns to the United States, can
not be ascertained definitely. When
Corey arrived here a week ago it was
understood that the wedding would not
take place during his present trip and
as late as last Wednesday Miss Gil
man told intimate friends that the
date of the ceremony had not been
fixed. If these plans have been changed
the wedding probably will take place
in England in order to obviate the
vexatious formalities of the French
law. Beyond stopping at a somewhat
secluded hotel in the suburbs, Mr.
Corey has taken no special pains to
Some of the (hide his movements or to conceal the
latter, made for saluting purposes at ! fact of his engagement to Miss Gil-
the marriage of the Russian Prince ; man. She and Mr. Corey, accompanied
Galiitzzi in 1739. are stated to have 1 by Miss Gilman’s mother, take daily
been “fired more than onee without | automobile trips in the Bois de
bursting.” Guns have even been j Boulogne, and Mr. Corey frequently
made of the precious metals. In 1663 ! dines with . mother and daughter at
there was in the arsenal of Verona, “a * some fashionable restaurant. He
great gun found in Candia, all of I accompanied by American friends, and
gold and silver.” A golden cannon was . sorne times after dinner they attend
1 From the Xew York Herald.
! Since their return from Europe, early
ia.’t month, on their steam yacht, the
; NiP-gara, Mr. and Mrs. Howard Gpuld
j have been living apart, but their
! friends, while admitting apparent es-
: trangement. deny that either has be-
! gun action for divorce or other legal
! separation.
Mr. Gould has been living in the
Waldorf-Astoria. He could not be seen
there, however, when an effort was
' made to learn from him whether he
had taken any legal steps against his
wife, for the reason that yesterday he
went on a three days’ cruise on’the
Niagara.
Mr.-. Gould, who for three weeks has
been living alone in the Hotel St. Re
gis, went yesterday to their country
home, in Bands Point, L. I. She was
not accessible when an attempt was
made to ascertain from her if she had
hegun a divorce suit or contemplated
so doing.
It is well known to their acquaint
ances that Mr. and Mr. Gould have not
met except once by accident since their
return from abroad. On that occasion
both dined in Pelmonico’s, but with
different parties.
Although Mrs. Gould is much inter
ested in the beautifying of the estate
on Long Island, she did not return to
Caitl. gould earlier on account of her
husband’s failure to dismiss the super
intendent of the place, who had in- |
curred her displeasure. He is now in I
entire charge of the buildings and the
grounds of Castlegould. for Mr. Gould 1
has the utmost confidence in his man- ;
agerr.snt. Mrs. Gould, however, was
annoyed by the fact chat the man did
not always follow her directions. She :
said to a friend, recently that she was
returning because she did not intend
that an employe should any longer keep
her from entering her own home. She
expects today to witness the race for
his
ette and cigar cases and pipes are
“usual presents to these people.
And in addition to the members of the
royal household, each employee on the
Sandringham estate also receives a
Christmas gift from tile King. This con
sists of a large joint of beet' cut from one
of His Majesty's own cattle.
Tables heavily laden with the meat are
placed In the stables on Christmas eve.
and after the meat has been personally
inspected by the King large joints are
handed to each man in the several depart
ments. from the highest to the lowest in
rotation. Only the rrimest ioints are
given to the employees, the other part-—
good meat for all that—being distributed
among the cottagers on the estate who
are not employed by Kis Majesty or who
are past work.
Then gifts of games are also made to a
large number of persons who in any way
may have rendered some service to His
Majesty. Railway employees, postoffice
officials. police and tradesmen are often
favored by the receipt of D’.'ensants,
partridges, hares or rabbits, bearing a
big label. “From’ His Majesty the King,”
printed in gold red letters.
JUDGE EMORY SPEER’S
CHARGE TO GRAND JURY 1
ALBANY, Ga.. Jan. 7.—The first ses
sion of Albany division of United
States Court for the Southern District
of Georgia was held in Dougherty
County court house this morning. The
court was presided over ay Judge
the mouth of the Mississippi, the In
cessant clank of those gigantic en
gines, now cutting an interoceanie path
for tlie maritime commerce of the
world, these and much more like these.
Krn.ory Speer, whose charge to the J would be the successive monuments of
grand Jury was conceded to have been | an usur ping Government and a lawless.
one of the ablest ever delivered in , ,
this countv • > and therefore decadent people.
* After a brief session court adjourned ! 'A hether it be for an appropriation to
until tomorrow morning, when several { maintain a range light, or to relieve
Triumphant Wit.
Wit is the most victorious thing
known to man. No one who possesses
it can be utterly put down. You may
prove him to he an intolerable sack-
bibber, a liar, a coward, along with
other things which the language of
1 the Elizabethans expressed more
I frankly than does ours: but, if he be
I witty, as Falstaff was. he comes out
! in a kind "of triumph, and his accusers
’ are more than ha.lf-ashamed of their
attack. In all sorts of controversy
! with the pen wit is almost as neces
sary as charity to th# Christian: if a
I man speak with the tongue of men
■ and of angels, nnd have not wit, it
[ would be better for him to hold his
peace, says the Westminster Gazette.
| it was the possession of this gift of the
, gods which made the difference ’twixt
Byron's position face to face with his
' critics and the position of all the
I other poets, his contemporaries. The
■ best thing the others could do was to
! bide their time, and hope they might
fclive long enough to get even with the
the Vanderbilt cup from her own auto- i cpiti “ ! n , some other way, as Words -
mobile. Among her guests will be Mrs. | vv0 ^‘ h did by his prefaces.’ which, m
Adolf Ladenburg. : trutb < made an adequate revenge of
This apparent estrangement between
teries, which have been carefully revis
ed so as to receive the sanction of the
Archaeological Society and the bishop,
has been arranged for this month; and
It is expected that opposition to the
reproduction of the entire series of
twenty-five pageants next J-ear will
ptured at Pekin in I860. and King
Thebaw of Burma was the possessor
of another, which was also incrusted
with precious stones. The early call-
ver was little inferior to a cannon in
clumsiness, as it took three men to
carry it and a fourth to fire it.
When firearms became somewhat
more portable, and especially when pis
tols were introduced, we find them
mounted in the most extraordinary
fashions. 'Shields or targets not in
frequently had a pistol fixed In the
center with a smaiil grating for aim
ing through, hut there is an account
of a shield at Genon which ad no
less than 120 pistols connected with it.
Rather a heavy affair to handle, one
would Imagine. The Emperor Gharles
V. had a curious shield whieh he car
ried when walking about at night:
"a spear came out of the aide of it.
besides that in the middle:' if any
thrust was made at the shield, the
sword's point was catched in It "and
broken.”
Another surprising mediaeval con
trivance was an iron hat or helmet,
vhich is described a-s having "two
rowns, each with four pistols.” A
volley of eight shots from an oppo
nent's head piece must have been very
disconcerting—probably to all parties
ncerned. A curious mortar in the
Tower of London "is square in front and
has no less than nine separate bores.
The eighteenth century was distinctly
the epoch of sieges. The attack and
lefensc of carefully fortified places was
■nrried out In the most methodical and
patient manner.
There were many inventions at that
time especially applicable to the at
tack and defense of fortified towns.
The petard was much used. It con-
isted of a bell shnped iron receptacle
filled with powder and clamped down
hlock of hard wood. It was In
tended to he fixed to doors and gates
for the purpose of blowing them in.
Another device was the pot a feu or
fire pot. whieh was a kind of hall or
globular jar filled with old tarred rope,
which was thrown upon the enemy’s
,-orks. to light them up at night and
enable fire to he directed upon them.
aded pistol barrels were attached to
these to prevent any one from picking
them up and extinguishing them. The
pistol a reveille could ’ he set to ex
plode a mine at a given hour.
Modern Ideas Weird.
But all said and done, we need not
dive into the past to find extraordi
nary ideas and weird warlike appli
ances. Our modern inventors are
quite capable of keeping up the sup
ply. Leaving aside the steam guns,
which were intended to spurt out
streams of bullets after the fashion of
a Maxim gun. which were invented by
Perkins in 1874. by Vinans in the '60s.
and the very similar compressed air
gun patented by one Sturgeon in 1887. |
none of which realized its inventor's |
expectations, we can find plenty of
extraordinary contrivances.
The wire bullet proof screen behind
which the soldier advancing to the at
tack defies any projectile smaller than
three-pounder is as far fetched an
idea as anything produced in the mid
dle ages. The reservoir helmet, a
French scheme. Is about as quaint as
anything we have noticed. The lower
part of this eccentric headpiece forms
a species of tank or reservoir, into
which the water (and pipe clay?)
drains from the upper surface of the
helmet. The soldier's head is there
fore kept cool in the tropics—though
the weight may perhaps be rather try
ing—and when athirst all he has to do
is to remove his helmet and fill his
cup from the tap at the back.
One of the most important qualifica
tions of a good soldier is to be able to
march well, but it Is doubtful whether
the wearing of a pair of spring soled
boots, such as a recent inventor
the theater or opera.-
After the return to the United States
of Mr. and Mrs. Riggs, the latter be
ing Miss Gilman’s sister, who chap
eroned her during her tour of the Con
tinent, Miss Gilman and her mother
lived in a villa at St. Cloud, often mo
toring into Paris. Miss Gilman’s sis
ter. Cordelia, several months ago mar
Tied Albert Thomas, the son of a clerk
in a Paris real estate office.
Mr. Corey has given Mr. Thomas
employment with the United States
Steel Corporation in Pittsburg. Re
cently Mrs. Gilman and Miss Gilman
came to Paris from St. Cloud and took
a handsome apartmeXt at the Etoile
Paris Cable to the New York World.
Miss Bahelle Gilman is occupying the
Chateau Villegenisse. which Prince Je
rome Bonaparte once owned, where he
lived and where Napoleon III. visited
often. The estate is by far the finest
within 50 miles of Paris. It is at La Ver
riere. about 40 minutes from Paris by
railroad, celebrated for its magnificent
forest, which reaches nearlv to Ver
sailles.
At the chateau Miss Gilman is well
guarded from the curious. An immense
wall surrounds the park, an avenue, whose
j entrance is closed by great iron gates,
stretches from there for half a mile to the
chateau. Besides. Miss Gilman is su*-
| rounded by a formidable barrier of serv-
ants, not one of whom will as much as
j take a card of a visitor unless she has
| given orders to admit him: Her colored
speedily be overcome when they are I suggested, would add many mile? to t?:e
found to be as quaint and interesting i dav's march. These "seven-league
... . ,,, . . —.. „ — league
morality plays like Everyman. boots" have an outer sole, which is piv-
The Chester miracle plays were origin- | 0 t e j to the one made on the boot just
ally enacted in double roomed theaters j beloiv the ball of the foot. A strong
oti wheels, which could be drawn from ] spjpa] spring is fitted between the two
one street to another. The monks and | the heel. To see a whole regiment
maid from America condescends to make
this explanation:
“When we came here In September.
Miss Gilman gave me this warning:
" 'Here, as in Paris, no one is to be ad
mitted to me without my express orders.’
“Miss Gilman shuns newspaper men,
especially.''
The chateau is a huge, square building
which is not attractive at the moment,
for it is being turned upside down by
some 50 workingmen, who are restoring
and repairing It. They now occupy the
whose front of the chateau.
The owners and other inhabitants are
living in the south and west wings, parts
of which have been made ready for occu
pancy and are most richly furnished. Sev
eral apartments arc furnished in antique
oak. and the shape of their windows,
their stalls of carved wood and their
bronze candelabra, lend them a certain
church-like appearance. One saloon is
called the "Persian room” and is a mar
vel of Oriental furnishings, filled with
the rarest rugs, mosaics, inlaid tables,
and embroidered silk hangings.
Very old. ivory-grown trees make up
the wo.vled park around the chateau.
Half a dozen other ancient groves dot the
vast meadows, through which are cut
broad, smooth roads, most Inviting to any
motorist. On the splendid estate are
lakes and fish ponds, a winter garden of
perennial shrubs and hothouses filled with
] rare flowers. Here and there in the
! grounds stand Greek statues and old
bronzes. A landscape architect and his
I assistants are transplanting trees and
j locating carved stone benches where their
i occupants will enjoy the choicest shade
I and the most picturesque views:
I Even the servants are housed like
I princes. Their quarters, near the chateau.
■ with the stables and garages, make up a
j respectable village. The buildings form a
| great square, whose inner courts are en-
| terod through a series of noble arches,
i moss-covered.
I The whose estate gives a listing im-
j pression of beauty, age, and spacious
ness.
i A queer old hamlet, that boasts one
j street, struggles up to the chateau gate.
The gossips of this hamlet say that Miss
Gilman herself engaged the chateau..The
I agent of the owners had not the honor to
know her. hut was impressed by her per-
I feet unconcern about the cost of anything.
So he ventured to ask differentially, who
would guarantee this, that and the othq*
expenditure she ordered.
“Mr. William Ellis Corey, president of
the United States Steel Corporation.” she
answered.
The gossips of the hamlet say. too.
they rarely see the new mistress of tht
chateau. They add plainly, without the
slightest authority:
“She will be married In the spring to
the wealthy monsieur who has been at
the chateau for the last ton days. We
catch a glimnse of them together in an
auto, now and then."
Mr. and Mrs. Gould is widely discussed
by those who know them, as it is
thought it will alter the position which
members of Mr. Gould's family have
taken with regard to him and his do
mestic affairs. The Countess de Cas-
tellane. his sister, is the only one who
has entertained Mrs. Howard . Gould.
The other members of the house—Mr.
and Mrs. George Gould. Miss Helen
Gould and Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Gould—
have never been on intimate terms with
their brother's wife. Neither has Frank
Gould, who is now on a cruise.of sev
eral months on the Nile. Mrs. Frank
Gould did not accompany her husband,
Mr. Gould is the second son of Jav
rious financial and. commercial enter
prises and has offices in the "Western
Union building. Reports were in cir
culation for several years after he had
attained his majority concerning his
engagement to this or that well known
actress.
He was engaged In 1897 to Miss
y I up
Gould. He has been interested in va- itreatise falls prostrate: not the fire of
sort.
But Byron, who knew how well he
was armed, could retort at once with
“The English Fords and Scotch Re
viewers," and straightway the heavy
pleasantries of the Edinburgh Review
seemed as of lead. Of course, there
are controversies which are not of lit
erature, and the far wittier “Don
Juan” itself could not disarm the re
sentment of England’s ten-pound
householders. But think in another
connection of Heine's account of the
genesis of the “Kritik. der praktischen
Vernunft”—that it was written purely
and simply to keep Lamne (Kant’s
man-servant, the immutable Lampe)
to his duties. At once Kant’s
hundred .dialecticians could have so
instantaneous an effect. So it ;'S with
Carlyle. ‘Respect ability with its
thousand gigs.” Murger and all the
scribblers of the quartier have not
dealth so heavy a blow at burgesshood
—with which, after all, Carlyle was in
tolerably close agreement on many
Katherine Clemmons, who had been on I points. ' For, of course, there is this
the stage. Miss Clemmons was from j drawback to victorious wit—that, like
San Francisco. She was well known a bomb, it often carries much farther
in London, where she had a theatrical J than the maker intended, and d#es not
engagement. She also starred at the j always explode at the most opportune
head of her owp^company in this city moment.
for a brief period". She and Mr. Gould
were married in January, 1898, in the
Holland House, where .she had been re
siding.
Under the provisions of the will of
Jay Gould, a • son or daughter whose
marriage was displeasing to the other
membersi of the family might be de-
HYPNOTIC CONCERT.
From the New York American.
Many, prominent persons interested
in psychical research, including Mrs.
Henry Siegel, made up part of the au
dience gathered in the Bowrey Mission
lr ‘i Ia T' y De . “ e - | last night and heard Miss Edna Mur-
prf ved of his or her share in the estate: ^ a s vmln , protegee of Mrs. Siegel,
but, although his marriage did. not
meet their approval, the kin of Howard
Gouid did not enforce the clause
against him. Mrs. Gould has had fre
quent disagreements with tradesmen
and has been the defendant in many
suits for hats, gowns and pictures. She
always has made a vigorous defense.
Selling Flesh and Blood.
The Louisville" drummer had been
reading the political news and, after
making a few Incongruous remarks on
sectional differences Ana other things
not germane to the issue, he turned to
the drummer from Maine selling spruce
glim by the carload to make gum shoes
out of, says Judge. •
‘Did you—or. any of you Yankees—
know that thej’ are still • selling ’nig
gers' down South?” he asked.
'No, we don't know it, because it ;is
not so,” replied the spruce-gum drum
mer.
Well. I say" yes,” insisted the first
speaker. “I saw a" man in a Kentucky
town not two weeks ago sell a colored
boy.”
”Oome off," protested the Maine
man.
”1 tell you I did.” the other persist
ed. “And that .is not all,” he contin
ued, with confidence: ”1 made inquiry
and he has been doing it right along
for ten years. I reckon he must have
sold a dozen or two ‘niggers’ in that
time. Maybe more.”
This sort of testimony was having
its effect, and the Maine man became
more interested.
“Tell me about it," he said. “I have
a brother who runs a Republican
newspaper, and I’ll give the facts to
him ar.d let him work them up. into
campaign material.”
“Weil.” and- the Louisville drummer
drew his chair up close and became
very confidential, “the man’s name is
Jenkins, and he Is a coal dealer. He
has darky drivers for his carts, and
I’ll be blamed if he doesn't sell half
of one of those drivers every time he
sells a load of coal, and he has been
doing it, as I have said, for ten years.”
The Maine man pushed . back his
dhair and scorned to make reply.
EDWARD’S
low a King
CHRISTMAS GIVONG.
Relatives and
clergy had the first view at the cathe
dral gates; the Mayor and the Aider-
men were the second audience at the
City Cross: and the theater trucks
moved on from one open space to an
other for the benefit of the expectant
throngs until the circuit of the walls
bad been rounded out. For three days
there was a religious carnival, with a
series of moving pageants with
mediaeval actors. As time went on
the wheels were taken off and the
miracles were exhibited at onen air
fetes; and even as late as the six
teenth century, when secular drama
was flourishing In London, the o!d re
ligions plays .went on at Chester ns
complete cycles. The revival of these
'primitive dramas at Chester mav be
followed by similar pageants at other
cathedral towns. York had Its mystern
charging a position wearing these
boots and bounding over the ground
like kangaroos or wallabvs. would in
deed be a remarkable sight.
Another remarkable invention Is a
cannon that takes completely to pieces.
It consists of a series of strong steel
rings which fit over the inner tube,
which is. of course, rifled internally.
Externally it tapers slightly, so that
it is bigger and thicker at the breech
end. The rings slide down on this
tube in their prope* order, the cen
tral ones having projections to form
the trunnions of the pieoe. and are
screwed tight up by means of our
rods and nuts fitting Into a massive
framework at either end of the gun.
The rear one of these carries the breech
closing mechanism.
Invisihilitv has been pretty well se-
No Whips for These Horses.
From the New York Press
“Where’s your whip?" asked the woman
who suffers from chronic headache over
the abuse of horses of tills city.
“Don’t need one.” replied the driver,
who was resting a splendid pair of horses
after a hard pull.
"Do you mean to say that you can
manage those horses and that heavy load
without using a whip?"
"I guess I ought to know how to man
age ’em when I've driven ’em for nine
month." boasted the bright-faced fellow.
"But I couldn’t use a whip if I wanted
to.” he added proudly; "you don’t need
whins on our teams."
Thirteen such horses work dally from
7:30 to 4:30 on the Riverside Drive exten
sion. They are all well feq. well groomed,
never overdriven, never beaten and com
fortably stabled in immaculate stalls at
night. Their owners believe that consid
erate treatment of animals is not only
decent, hut that it is goad policy. They
have lost nnlv one horse in two" vears.
The horse* are. as a rule, of the best
Canadian breeds, costing each from $730
to $900. The contractors who own and
use them believe that their own business
interests are better subserved by buving
the best animals, giving them the best
of treatment, good food in plenty, short
hours and human driver*.
Resembles
Friends.
From the Philadelphia North American.
You have wondered perhaps how a
King remembers his relatives and friends
at Christmas—for a mightv ruler has his
circle of personal and' intimate friends
just as anyone else has. Naturally, how
ever, gifts made by royalty are more ex
pensive as a rule than those exchanged
in humbler circles. It is said that King
Edward and Queen Alexandra of England
spend between $20,000 and $25,000 each
year upon their Christmas purchases.
In order to remember their personal
friends with a suitable souvenir of the
season, each requires between 80 and 100
gifts. As these usually take the form of
jewelry, the cost is heavy.
It is nothing unusual several days or
a week before Christmas to see the'king
and Qucc-.. paying quiet visits to the
stores in Bond 'and Regent streets. Lon
don. They like to mingle with the holi
day shoppers and to select their presents
just as other persons do.
"When time and pressing engagements
do not permit this, the "West End shop
keepers send samples of their goods to
the royal palace, and from these the King
and Queen make their selections
In choosing Christmas gifts. Their Maj
tipc a T*A nlvflve rarofnl In mnl^ _ Jji
i** 16 °f Corpus Christ!. ; curod by the invention of smokeless
and Ournam. Lincoln. Ely and Cantor- j powder and now inventors are trying
ljurjr were not without mediaeval re- | to do away with the noise of the ex-
llflous drama. nlosion into the bargain. This was ef-
COLUMBUS. Ga-. Jan. 5.—Edward
Kite, ared twenty-six years, died yes
terday at his home on upper Second
avenue.
k
esties are always careful to make each
one appropriate to its intended recipient.
Jewelry is the King's most frequent
choice, but he also gives awav snuff boxes
smokers’ requisites and walking sticks
"With each gift it is the King’s usual
custom to send a little note of greeting
instead of a private Christmas card, and
needless to say. the former is more valued
by the recipient than the latter would b°
This practice Is also followed by Queen
Alexandra.
In addition to jeweled trinkets, however
a common gift from the Queen to personal
friend* is a photograph of some favorite
scene or pet. taken hv the Queen herself
daintily mounted an q framed, with the
royal monogram “A." surmounted hv a
crown, on the frame.
Not only do the royal pair send tokens
of rememberance to relatives and favor
ite friends at home and abroad, but thev
present a Ynletide gi't to every member
of th.eir household, which is an" extensive
one
Queen Alexandra often follows the oue-
tom of Queen Victoria, whose b a bft it was
to present dress roods, shawls, et-.. t n
female tr.emb-rs of the royal household.
King Edward, too. sometimes includes
pairs of good slipners among his Christ!
mas gifts for male servants, but cigar-
ray,- a young protegee of Mrs. Siegel,
! make her first appearance hero in a
remarkable series of songs under the
influence of hypnotic suggestion.
The young woman is of medium
stature and good physique, and her
natural voice would 'be soprano or
contralto; but in the hypnotic state
she sang in a robust barytone, with a
powerful t6ne and volume that few
barytones on the operatic stage could
attain, and'seemingly without effort.
The performance was more notable
for the fact that Miss Murray accom
panied herself on the piano, and her
body was not in the best condition to
put'the" full strength into her singing.
. It was almost impossible to believe
that it was the young woman at the
piano who was singing; but Miss Mur
ray, at her mother's suggestion, turned
her face to the audience while singing,
and the rich, rolling tones came from
her throat as easily as if she were
humming to herself some simple air.
To make the concert enjoyable to
the main part of the audience, which
had drifted into the meeting from the
Eowery, Miss Murray sang old and
familiar songs, and the low notes in
"My Old Kentucky Home” were espec
ially effective, and showed the good
range of the singer's voice under
hypnotic suggestion.
Dr. Gustave A. Gayer, “criminologist
and suggestionist,” whose hypnotic
demonstrations have been attended by
Mrs. Siegel and other prominet society
women and those interested in psychi
cal research, was in charge of the con
cert, but made the suggestions of hyp
notic passes, as he explained that Miss
Murray has reached that point near ex
cellence where such aid is unnecessary.
She hypnotizes herself by auto-sugges
tion, and sings while under that influ
ence.
“It is not more than eighteen months
since my voice first possessed this qual
ity,” said Miss Murray. “Then I heard
the singing of a young man which I
very much admired. I longed to be able
to sing with him, and determined, as
it were, that I should. Imagine my
surprise the next time I sang to find
my voice possessed of the same mascu
line qualities which it has since retain
ed. The only explanation I can give
is that which Dr. Gayer advances—that
I hypnotized myself into the feat by
self-sugestion and determination, which
is known by hypnotists as auto- sug
gestion.”
The discovery of her powers was
made in Fort Worth, Texas, where
Miss Murray was then living. In New
York she was brought to the attention
of Dr. Gayer, who has been using his
powers in an endeavor to bring her to
a still higher standard of perfection.
She has been a subject of interest to
many of the prominent physicians in
the city. Dr. Gayer pronounces her an
unusual hypnotic subject.
Miss Murray intends to go to Eu
rope to complete her musical education.
She says she has no intention of going
on the stage, but will probably appear
often at society concerts on her re
turn.
important cases will be tried. There j
is considerable business before the !
court, ar.d it is probable that the ses- ■
sion will las: throughout the week.
Following is a full text of Judge j
Emory Speer’s charge to .he grand
jury:* I
Judge Spoor's Charge to Jury. |
Sir. Foremn and Gentlemen of the I
Grand Jury: This. I believe, is the
first session of a United States Court, j
of which histcry affords an account, to j
convene in this charming city. Albany, |
The Goddess of Justice, a deity who
we all know presides on such occasions j
—blind-as she is—will not fail to dis- ,
cover in the presence of this tribunal j
an augmentation in the hope and con- j
fldence of Southern people in the ;
courts of the -United States. There ;
may be some, whose optical powers in ;
this respect do not equal those of
the blind deity aforesaid. They be
long. perhaps, to that class mentioned
in the adage, “none so blind as those
j who will not see.” It is evident
) enough to those capable of discernment
j that this is peculiarly a court of 1
Dougherty and the other five counties j j
composing the Albany division.
The court and its officers wore in no j 1
sense obtrusive. Through the invita- ; c
tion of our distinguished Representa- | 11
tives and Senators in Congress, the
| United States Government has made
I you a gift of two of its courts. A
| proverb, said to be as old as the fourth
century, declares that "no man ought
to look a given horse in the mouth.”
May we not. therefore, invoke in your
generous judgments the familiar verse,
“Be to our faults a little blind,
And to our virtues very kind.”
On the whole I do not doubt tnat the
establishment of the Circuit and Dis
trict Courts at Albany will not be
wholly valueless to your people. When
I speak of “courts,” it is impersonally.
Said that illustrious American lawyer,
the late Edward J. Phelps:
“Judges will he appointed, and will
pass away. One generation rapidly
succeeds another. But whoever comes
and whoever goes, the court remains.
Strong in its traditions, consecrated by
its memories, fortified in the steadfast
support of the profession that sur
rounds it, anchored in the abiding
trust of its countrymen, it will go on—
and still go on. Keeping alive through
many a century that we shall not see.
the light that burns w>th constant ra
diance upon the high altar of American
constitutional justice.”
The jurisdiction of the United
States courts has for its foundation a
few terse words. In that great in
strument of organic law which was
the agonized people of a city, whose
homes liave be:n crumbled by the up
heaval of the earthquake, or by the
horrid path of the conflagration, all is
traceable to that source of Govern
mental authority forever residing in
the implied powers ef the Constitution.
I have given you a brief illustration
of the character of the law? which may
be administered in the courts of the
United States. All of this is doubtless
familiar to you. but since this is the
first United Fiates Court ever held i:i
this large and important section o?
our SFate. I have deemed it appropriate
to say this much.
I The functions of the grand jury in
| this court ire in effect the same as in
I the State courts, with whieh you are
I doubtless familiar. Article five of the
! Constitution provides that "no person
; shall he held to answer for a capital
! or otherwise infamous crime, unless
on a presentment or Indictment of a
: grand jury, except in cases arising in
the land or naval forces, or in the mi-
: iitia, when in actual service in time of
I war or public danger. Infamous
I crimes in our State are all which may
; be punished by imprisonment In the
I penitentiary. It follows that very few
i crimes can be punished save by the
;ion of a grand jury.
You observe that from the lan
guage T have read you, this does not-i
applv to cases arising in the land orr
naval forces. This means, of course,
the army and the navy. A different
method of punishment it is possible
may be inflicted by the President, who
is the commander-in-chief, if the crime
be committed by members of the land
or naval forces.
He might, perhaps, in such a case
imitate the example of Washington,
when in command of the patriot forces
at Long Island. The “Connecticut
Llgiit Horse," on having been re
quested to mount guard like other sol
diers grew restless and uneasy. They
protested that they were expressly ex*
emoted from staying in garrison, or
doing dutv on foot apart from their
horses. Washington disposed of the
matter in the following note:
“To the Colonel and Field Officers:
“Gentlemen: In answer to yours of
this date, I can only repeat to you
what I said last night, nnd that Is. if
your men think themselves exempt
from the common duty of a soldier,
will not mount guard, do garrison duty,
separate from their horses, they can no
longer be of any use here, where
horses cannot be brought into action,
and T do not care how soon they are
dismissed ”
The patriot did not spell the word
“dlsmist,” as would our present Ev-
framed at Philadelphia in the year j ecu tj ve bu t the order “got there” just
1787, by those illustrious men of our '
the same.
Pfinre it is true that the law in crim
inal cases of ipiportance is inonerafiv#
and, helpless without your action, it is
not difficult to perceive the import*
ance, the dignity, the usefulness to
your fellow-men, which is concentered
in your body. It is a time-honored
body, traceable to the tribal bond of
vast and invaluable measures of leg- j f be Anglo-Saxons, which had Its ex-
islation for the welfare of all. The | j s tence on the wind-swept peninsula
tribes of Israel, who at Sinai gathered ; jutting into the North Sea, which was
at the feet of Moses, knew as much "f be p r j mev al home of our conquering
of the practical application of steam i race
and electricity as did Washington and i ^ tyashington or a Lee would as
Hamilton, Franklin and Madison, and | soon listen to suggestions of treason
race, who, having achieved American
independence, were now entrusted with
the duty of perpetuating liberty for the
American people.
There are many clauses of the or
ganic law, which these men designed,
which have in the development of 4he
nation become highly productive of
A Thanksgiving Failure.
From the Hardeman Free Press.
We didn’t have much of a Thanks
giving this year. Some of our alleged
admirers who air skates of the deepest
dye sent us what looked like a dressed
turkey and a bottle of lieker. We
didn’t find out until we had eat up the
bird and drunk up the lieker that we
had eat a crow and drunk a bottle of
bay rum. We acted so queer after
ward that -they sent us to the assylum,
where we air now convalessening.
TATTLE OF THE TOTS.
Little Elsie—Mama, does a eocoanut
have milk in it?
Mama—Yes. dear.
Little Elsie—How do they milk ft?
Little Edna—Mama is making me a
changeable silk dress.
Little Eva—Huh. that’s nothing.' All
my clothes are changeable.
Mama—Now, Johnny, when you di
vide your oranges with your little sis
ter ask her to have the larger piece.
Small Johnny—Oh. fudge! What's
the use of asking her?
“Now Harry." said the hostess to a
small guest, "you must not stop on
their compatriots who framed the Con
stitution. Yet it is true that the terse
phraseology of our organic law has
amply authorized all the legislation
necessary to the exigencies of public
and private risrhts, which have sprung
from the use of those mysterious pow
ers of nature. Take, for instance, an
isolated power granted to Congress by
the Constitution. It reads, "to regu
late commerce with foreign nations,
and among the several States, and
with the Indian, tribes.” This is the
basis of all the national legislation and
jurisprudence to regulate the trans
portation of these incalculable values
produced by the energies of the farm
ing and manufacturing population of
the American people. It has been
urged with unbroken continuity by one
school of political thought that such
legislation, not having been expressly
authorized by the Constitution. Is be
yond the power of Congress. It is ob
servable, however, that when the time
comes, these nolltica] philosophers—
good Americans all—usually vote for
the exercise of the power.
There seemed great unanimity in
sentiment on both sides of the House
of Representatives in support cf the
famous measure of the present Con
gress, denouncing rebates and other
forms of partiality to shippers, , and
giving to the Interstate’ Commerce
Commission the power to fix renSnn-
able rates, yet there is not a syllable
of the organic law which in express
terms authorizes such legislation. But
the doctrine is universally applied to
all instruments of writing that “what
is implied is as much a part of the
instrument as what is expressed.” I
ouote the language of the Supreme
Court. A Constitution is to govern
ment what the skeleton of the bodv is
to noble manhood. The laws which
are enacted In pursuance of the Con
stitution are the vitalizing powers of
the Government, which clothe the skel
eton with life and beauty. Besides, by
the express terms of the Constitution,
Congress is given authority "to pa,sA
all laws necessarv and proper to carhv
into execution the powers expressly
granted, and all other powers vested
in the Government, or any branch of
it, by the Constitution.” Tt may be
said that a vast proportion of the laws,
with the enforcement of which the
juries and grand juries of the United
State? courts are vested, originate
through the exercise by Congress of
those implied powers whieh are abso
lutely necessary to the value and util
ity of the powers expressly granted.
For Instance, “We note,” said the Su
preme Court of the United States, "no
express authority to pass laws to pun
ish theft or burglary of the Treasury
of the United States. Is there, there
fore. no power in Congress to protect
the Treasury by punishing such theft
and burglary? Are the mails of the
United States, and money carried in
them, to be left to the mercy of rob
bers and of thieves who may handle
the mail, because the Constitution con
tains no express words of power in
Congress to enact laws for the pun
ishment of those offenses? The prin
ciple, if sound, would abolish the en
tire criminal jurisdiction of the courts
of the United States, and the laws
which confer that jurisdiction.” To
deny these powers would be to sweep
from the statute books the entire crim
inal jurisdiction of the United States
courts. Blot from the American Con
stitution the doctrine of implied pow
ers. and the fame of our jurisprudence
would wither and perish like the
prophet's gourd.
The public buildings which house
ottr officials and protect our records,
the forts and baigeries on our bounda
ries. the lighthouses whieh guide the
mariner, 'those granitic wails of the
great locks on the Great Lake?,
through whose portals float in safety
tonnage greater and more profitable
grand juryman to insinuations of
favoritism. In his fearless defence of
the rights of the people. like Da’ifd
Crockett, he should remember his
aphorism: “Be sure you are right, then
go ahead.” And in heroic pursuance of
duty, also like that hero American,
swerveless and unyielding, he should
stand his ground. The Spartan at
Thermopylae had one messenger of
defeat: the American at the Alamo had
none. Patriots of peace are the jurors
of these United States, and especially
these Southern States. To their la
bors, their countrymen must look with
largest confidence to the solving of alt
our problems. If they fail, also in the
end will fail the fairest scheme of pop*
ula£ government designed by man.
NOTICE'TO SUBSCRIBERS.
Examine label on your pa
per. It tells how you stand on
tbe hooks. Due from date on
the label. Send in dues and
also renew for the year 1907.
the way. but go straight home
“I can't." protested the little fellow, j than that which rides o'er the waves
A Remarkable Performance of Parsifal at
Bayenreuth.
From “Reminiscences of a Long Life.” by
Carl Schurz in the December McClure's.
When the audience was assembled in
the severely plain building, and the lights
were turned down, an almost 'startling
silence fell upon the house. The multi
tude held its breath in reverential ex
pectation. Then came the solemn tones
of the orchestra, floating up from the
depth of its mysterious concealment. Then
the parting of the curtain revealed the
scene of the sacred lake. The suffering
Amfortes entered with his companions of
the Holy Grail, and the mystic action, as
it unroiled itself, the appearance of the
youthful Parsifal, and the killing of the
sacred swan, all wrapt in majestic har
monies, held our hearts spellbound. But
ali this was but a feeble prelude to what
followed. The changing scene becama
gradually developed in darkness, made
mole mysterious by the swinging peals
of mighty cathedral bells. As by magic, .
the great temple hall of the Castle of the’'
Holy Grail was before us, flooded with
light. And then, when the knights of the
Grail marched down its aisles and took
their seats, and the blond-locked pages
fair a? angris. and the king of the Grail
appeared, bearing the miraculous cup,
and the chorus of the boys came stream-
ng down from the lofty height of the
Cupola—th<>n. I have to confess, tears
trickled down my face, for I now beheld
something like what I had imagined
Heaven to be when I was a child.
You may call this extravagant lan
guage. But a large portion, if not a ma
jority of the audience, was evidently
overwhelmed by tho same emotions.
When, after the close of the act, the cur
tain swept together, and the lights in the
audience-room flashed out again, I saw
hundreds of handkerchiefs busy wiping
moistened cheeks. There was not the
slightest attempt at demonstration of ap
plause. The assembled multitude rose in
perfect silence and sought the doors. In
the little eompanv of friends whef were
with me. not a word was spoken. We
only pressed one another's bands as we
went out. In the row behind us sat
Coquelin. the great French comedian.
He walked out immediately in front of
me His face wore an expression of pro
found seriousness. When he reached
the open door I heard one of his
companions ask him how he liked the
performance. Coouelin did not answer a
word, but turned from his friend and
walked away silent and alone. Between
the first and the second acts, according to
custom, we took dinner at one of the
resturants near-by. Not one of us had
recovered himself sufficiently to be fit
for table talk. We sit' there almost en
tirely speechless during the whole repast.
J
T.AMPTOX. Miss., Jan. 6 —B. L. ®»7tl-
berry was shot and probably ITAally
wounded late last night by two fnen
who then robbed him. The rohhjr* were
frightened away by a negro before their
work was completed. Citizen; for miles
around formed a posse and are looking
for the men. threatening to lynch them.
i'/
’’J live around the corner. 1
COLUMBUS. Ga.. Jan. 5.—Miss Lil’a
Pearl Mehaffey, a popular young lady
of Phenix City. Ala., has passed away.
St the ocean, the stupendous work at ! after a long illness.
IINDISTINCT
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