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THE TWICE-A -WEEK TELEGRAPH
; i :-h i : i ; m m i h-m-i-i-i i i i i i u -i ++
DARK MEMORIES OF f
OLD ANDERSONVILLE |
" *j*
By JAMES CALLAWAY. $
; H--HW I I I 11
i his Civil His- 1 or.tr? was the result of that "fatal
• States savs: I gift”—offered in the interest, too, of
r.gular Illustra- I humanity—to save life,
f th.- do® • r of Seeing these err.acieted prisoners on
their return, the Xorth cried out for
vengeance, and vengeance was theirs.
Deep was the revenge they took! From
the day of our humanity gift, the “re-
houl- | taliatlon measures" produced a shock-
the ing death rate.
| The death rate at Camp Douglass,
Illinois, was in.8; at Alton. III.. 20.9:
Camp Battle, Illinois. 19.6; Rock Bland.
Ill.. 77.4: Elmira. X. Y., 32.5. At John
son’s Island It was awful. A prisoner
would hunt all day for a rat. and
would feign sickness to get a dose of
castor oil, and during the day would
let a drop of the oil fall on a piece of
bread to prevent starvation. What a
fatal gift to us was that 13 000 who
sired to alleviate the miseries they
lacked the power to cure, waiving
every point disputed by the Xorth."
At Anierionville the food issued to
Confederates was. largely, unbolted
corn meal, cow peas, sour cane syrup,
a little flour and such beef as could be
purchased. But there was no discrim
ination as to rations. The prisoners
got what was issued to Confederates,
death rate at Andersonville wa:
President Davis, bearing secret dis
patches to Mason and Slidell. In Jan
uary. ISO!, he was assigned to duty at
Andersonville.
Alexander H. Stephens says in his
war history that ' The men at the head
of affairs at Washington are responsi
ble for all the prison sufferings in the
South.’’ . . "'All the Sufferings
and 1 .ss of life during the entire war
rowing out of these imprisonments or
the five restaurant keepers. J. H. &
T. M. Benner. John Crawford, Albert
UHman, J. M. Y/4 Christian and John
Valentino, only the Benner boys,
and Henry, and Albert Hitman, all of
them retired, are living.
There were seventeen saloon keepers,
and unless Penny Havens is still liv
ing In Indianapolis, none of them are
now living.
22. inclusive. There were four ba'iots who may be inaugurated Governor in
on the opening day. On the first KiHot , the "open-air." Something of a colnci-
the vote stood: For Cobb. t03: Win- j deiice.
throp. 96: "Wilmot, S: Gentry. 6, and ]
several scattering. Toombs and Step- ' The discussion now going on about
hens voted for Gentry. A majority vote 1 the extension of the State road from
per cent, and our men were like- both sides are justly chargeable to but
to the
>m the gull
In the fact
>n has -lipped from th
rvert, to
transfer
innocent,
reproach !
CapL Winder, for the meagre provf
one side, and that is the Federal side. | There were seven tailors, none of them
Had Mr. Davis’ repeated offers been : now " living. These were John L.
accepted, no prisoner on either side . Shea. Hugo Schlass, Charics H. Baird,
would have been confined in prison.” • "d* Dowenthal. Jacob Miller, F. Warlike
Mr. Stephens further says: "To avert I and Jeft ’ Long. The only tannery was
wise stricken with diarrhoea 'the
cause of the greatest number of deaths.
CapL Wirz, to whom a .monument
will be erected, had deep sympathy for
the prisoners, and sometimes had hot ... |||_.
words with Gen. Winder and his soh. the indignation which the open avowal 1 run Jacob Schall.
rovision i of the policy not to exchange prisoners : * * *
pr.-on
stlon
f> hav-
er the
Hum
or policy. The
for the prisoners’ comfort. They a!
ways replied that they were doing the
best they could.
But to the writer it was always
que^r that parole was not permitted
to their own prisoners, and queerer
still that medicines were refused,
along with surgeons and hospital sup
plies, so persistently pleaded for by
Maj. Ouid and the Confederate author
ities.
ered
Ander
State
he war wages
P. objects to
time spiked the
h ealumnie- and
ilnst the South
of Federal pris
on us vet. The
a monument to
Andersonville and Capt. Wirz are In
the public eye at this time, because the
■eleased to go home! We sought j Georgia Division TJ. D. C. have under-
for Federal prisoners: relief was 1 taken to erect a monument to CapL
ct. tc
pin
in 1
for
Union, and ft Is
superintendent
Hon. Alfred
Id, III., should I
aiding the
ivas a gen-
i a "more
DUS* that
public ln-
ayliss,. of
le a pam-
>uth up to
tity
Profr: -or Bayllss uses his pamphlet In
his public schools. Hence, we should
study the prison history of the South,
and when Investigated the fact Is re
vealed that the South’s efforts to re
lease and relieve the prisoners stand
forth like high monuments, as testi
mony to her magnanimity, her gene
rosity, her unceasing huamnity.
Lei us look Into the prison history
of the Confederacy.
On July 22. 1S62
adopted. All prlsone
leased in ten days a
very day aft
the cartel was
were *o be re-
■r capture. The
srtel of exchange
refused ours. The Ingratitude of the
Xorth for that gift of sick men. Death-
pr iduclng retaliatory measures put
upon our men—because the 13.000 ema
ciated did not look like strong, well
men. Thstt fatal gift!
John I. Van Allen, of "Watkins,
Schuyler County. X. Y.. acting for the
people of 'Baltimore, visited Elmira
prison for the purpose of distributing
blankets, clothing medicines, etc. He
found our prisoners nearly naked. The
commander stated that he could not
allow any relief as the War Depart
ment rendered him helpless. The War
Department was telegraphed to for the
poor privilege of alleviating the con
dition of the prisoners. Mr. Van Al
len In his letter to the good samarjtans
of Baltimore, says: "The hrutal Stan
ton was inexorable, and refused all en
treaties.”
A Uhlted States medical officer, on
duty at Elmira, writing to the New
York World, tells a sad story of con
dition-. and among other things said:
"Smallpox cases were crowded in such
a manner that it was an impossibility
j Wirz, against which the Grand Army
j of the, Republic has taken action and
| appealed to Gen. S. D. Lee to pre-
j vent it.
‘ "Xot even a Christian burial of the
j remains of Capt. Wirz has been al-
I lowed by Stanton—They still lie side
; by side with those of another and ac-
' knowledged victim of the milftary
commission, the unfortunate Mrs. Sur-
, ratt.ln the yard of the former jail of
i this city.” So wrote Louis Shade, at-
l torney for \Virtz, in 1S67.
Capt. Wirz was a physician by pro
fession, and was born in Zurich. Switz
erland. in 1822. He emigrated to
America in 1849. He served as a pri
vate in the battles of Manassas and
Bull Run. where he was severely
wounded in the arm. He was appointed
inspectin'- officer of the Southern pris
ons. He was sent to Europe by
would have excited throughout the
Xorth and throughout the civilized
world, the false cry of cruelty towards
prisoners was raised against the Con
federates. This was but a pretext to
cover up their own violation of the
usages of war in this respect among |
civilized nations.”
There were eight warehouses, none of
them being in existence today. These
were Anderson. Timberlnke & Co.,
Adams & Bazemore. English & Hugue-
nin. Campbell & Jones. Flanders Broth
ers, Thomas Hardeman, O. G. Sparks
& Son, and B. L. Willingham. Of
these only Capt. I. 'B. English. Col.
Again Mr. Stephens declares in his I E. D. Huguenln and Charles E. Carap-
“War Between the'States." "'The ef- j bell are living. Of the eight dealers
forts which have been so industriously j ln , matches and jewelry, only three, ! Congress,
made to fix the odium of crueltv and | " • T. Johnson. Heivnan Spahr and Speaker,
barbarity upon Mr. Davis and 'other I *&>»» p °\! ock " tho lat '. er ,£ oIo ''°, d ’ aro I
high officials under the Confederate | T J he f, e ''J? re J 5 • T- Johnson.
Government in the matter of prisoners. [ * - Tlzzell. W mg & Solomon. Ker
in the face of all the facts, constitute I I 1111 " Saa! lT- _ Jai _ lus H ." -9 tto ’ j?’„
one of the boldest and baldett attemped I T.ane, E. Peschke and Moses Pollocj
was necessary to elect. Winthrop had
been Speaker of the preceding Con
gress. and was a Whig, but in his con
test with Cobb. Stephens and Toontbs
would not support him because of the
favor that the northern Whigs were
showing toward certain aggressive
movements for the abolition of slavery.
"Winthrop was from Massachusetts, and
a very prominent man. He was ap
pointed to succeed Webster in the Sen
ate. when chat -great statesman re
signed. Cobb was elected Speaker on
the twentieth day after tho commence
ment of the balloting, under a resolu
tion of the House, making on this occa
sion. a mere plurality of votes suffi
cient to elect. In a letter tp his brother j to Prof.
Linton, Aleck stated, that he would not
serve on the comittees to which he had
been appointed by Speaker Cobb. Mr.
Cobb was only thirty-four years old
,’hen he was chosen to preside over
He made an admirable
Lane,
outrages upon the truth of history I iT?.® J vl wle=nle dealers i n "! n ?f change was made in the mode of reck- j
which has ever been essayed." : -J?°L"" { oning the Congressional and political [
Jefferson Davis, writing from Beau- ' *V." Johnson, ■A. fc.. year, which" then began at midnight on
voir December 10, 18S8, said: “In the i yugratj^^e 1 March 3. but was changed to begin at
Here is a very interesting fact. In
Johnston's life of Stephens appears this
passage: “During the Speakership of
Mr. Cobb, at Mr. Stophens’suggestion, a
matter of prisoners throughout the
war. the Confederacy did less than it
would, but the best it could: and in
return received the worst which could
be meted out to it.”
The English Government appropri
ated $20,000,000 to rebuild the B'oer
homes destroyed by il= armies, but
no homes. were ever rebuilt in the
South. Gen. Lee died “a prisoner on
parole." The Xorth should pension all
Confederate widows, whose husbands
died victims to Stanton's policy of non
exchange, .for the Xorth refused ex
change and allowed no aid. no relief.
The odium of this prison business is
not ours: the reproach belongs to tho
Xorth.
July 23.
lowed his
1362. B
signed Maj.-Cen. John t J ope, on f° r the - surgeon to treat his patients!
| Individually. They actually lay so ad- j
; jacent that the simple movement of one
of them would cause his neighbor to
. cry out in agony of pain." Concludin
i his letter, the medical officer
I "And hundreds of sick who could
i wise obtain medical aid. died ‘un-
I knelled, uncofflned and unknown.’”
Yet the death rate at Elmira was small
compared to Rock Island, HI.
Rock Island has a history within it
self. Xo space now for it. Jefferson
Davis. Abraham Lincoln and Robert E.
Lee are connected with Its history.
Being far removed. Isolated and very
ecure. it- was chosen as a military
■d orders that al-
nhoot as spies and
ns enemle* of the United States Gov
ernment nil Virginia farmers who were
found tilling tho soli or sowing grain
or cultivating crops on farms within
hfs rear, and even Inside his lines.
Hundreds were shot down in the field
before the Confederate Government
could arrest such conduct and get
Pope's order rescinded. America, in
later "years, became Incensed even to
making war on Spain beenuse Gen.
Weyler Issued similar orders in Cuha.
Did Weyler take his cue from Gen.
Pope, that Illustrious example that so
pleased Weyler that he ordered his
own walk along the same path?
By persistent effort of our commis
sioner. the cartel lasted one year. The
Confederacy, seeing the emaciated con
dition of such prisoners • as had re-
By BRIDGES SMITH.
• ur [oil r i
uding I 1 ! ‘ J
says:
& Co Wynn & Lightfoot, and none of j n 0 ‘ 0n on March 4”
them living.
Thus, it will be seen thal tljere is At the expiration „ f h!s term as
°" e t £“ SI ^ S !, , OUS ° 13 M , 3Con to * ' Speaker, and eight years of service in
daj, at the same place, with the same ; the House, Mr. Cobb retired from Con
firm name, t.iat existed thirty years i gre;sional life, and pan f r Governor of
as °" j Georgia against ex-Governor. Charles
nADiT/ni mn sTmnnntnn«« J - McDonald, and was tr'umptant, aft-
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS, .or a campaign. Cobb n
TTvomirtP ad vaiw i resented Lie Constitutional T. a on
examine laoei on your pa- j party, as opposed to secession. Mc-
per. It tells how you stand on : DonaId " :I ■ tho ‘•ktviidafe of the ex
! treme Southern .Rights party.. Col
j served as Governor from November
I 1851. to Xovember. 1S53. 'His ndminis- i
) tration was conducted in the spirit of
| Georgians motto: Wisdom. Justice.
Moderation. In this campaign Mr. C:bb
had the support of Mr. .Stephens. Both
of those gentlemen spoke in Macon. In
4- | defeating McDonald, Cobb overcame
a* j one of the most' popular men in the
J State, a man who had twice been'Gov-
* erncr before. At. the expiration of
Atlanta to the sea recalls the fact that
in ye Olden times this line had the
sobriquet <>f Snout. Samuel W.
Flournoy, a bright genius and humorist
formerly of the Columbus Enquirer.was
a member of the Legislature in 1S36.
when the bill to build 'he State road
from Atlanta to Chattanooga was In
troduced. He opposed the proposition.
Alexander H. Stephens had just made
his debut in the Georgia House, and
favored the measure, making it is maid
en legislative spee? h in behalf of the
bill. Charles J. Jenkins, afterwards
Governor of Georgia, was the especial
champion of the bill. In n letter writ
ten March 13. 1S37. bv Mr. Stephens
William Rutherford, of Ath
ens, Ga.. he said that in tho debate on
the bill. Flournoy made one of the
r ost hu:uo-.>us as wed as one of the
most extraordinary speeches ever de
livered in tile House of Representa
tives of this State. It was in this speech
Mr. Stephens says, that Flournoy gave
the sobriquet of Snout to the road. He
seemed to be thinking of the word
“main trunk”, frequently alluded to by
the friends of the measure, when ap
parently at a loss for the word, he
said: “This main-what do vou call
Worked Like a Charm.
Mr. D. X. Walker, edlt«\r of that
spicy journal, the Enterprise. Louisa,
Va„ says: “I ran a nail in my foot
last week and at once applied Buels-
len's Arnica Salve. Xo Inflammation
followed; the salve simply healed the
tls every sore, burn and
Guarahtecd at all drug
the books. Due from date on
the label. Send in dues and
also renew for the year 1907.
FOR GREAT PANIC
Caught on
the Wing I
Bi his column “Caught on the . & Callaway Of these, Mr. Hertz is
Boifeuillet said the other living, but long since out of the busi-
day that the firm of Hays & Mansfield ■ „„„ t.
was the oldest in the city, that is. the . ne ‘ Butts & Ross were the only coal
oldest to retain its business and firm ! 5L ea t er£: * Of this firm. Deputy Sheriff
! i a tour through the Xorth in advocacy
Bv JOHN t Rnirriiii t pt ‘ of the candidacy of James Buchanan
By JOHN T. BOIFEUILLET. . for p re?l ^ ent In y Iarch , X g 57> B UCh-
In the announcement of the death : anan a F°f nt cd Cobb Secretary of the i
of Major Lamar Cobb the panorama j J^December Bh mT'tl”cast htsdes- j
of other days is unrolled before us. . tinles with the South in the secession j
and on its grand outlines I see the ; movement.
WASHIXGTOX. March 13.—A. B.
Stickney. of St. Paul, president of rho
_ Chicago Great Western Railroad. \\1 >
Governor"Cobb’s".term 'he~ resuhied the |'' lrri '"ed here from the South, in in in-
practice of law. but in 1855 was again i terview discussing the railway situa-
! tion, said: ■
"The people are now laying the
foundation, firm and strong, for a tre-
| elected to Congress, and In 1856 made
mendous panic.”
Mr. St(ekney said he does not believe
that the crisis will be reached within
the next two years, but he took the p »-
sition that it will certainly come and
will be even more disastrous than the
majestic figure of Howell Cobb, the
illustrious sire of the son whose body
Mr. Cobb was regarded by many
I panic of 1S93-4. Ht
• the present railroad
prison in the fall of 1363 for Oonfed- M acon today less than one half dozen
orate prisoners. The climato Inhosnlta- men Veins’ the same business and re-
ble. cold winds, merciless blasts. Here- talning the same firm name," and two
our nmn froze to death. The death rate these are colored. Of course there
name. This statement set me to Ed? [. ar .-^’ Ross now lives. Of the eight was committed to the grave in Athens i President Buchanan's possible succes-
thinking. ‘Going back thirty years,
before the firm of Hays & Mansfield
was formed I find that there are in
confectioners, only two are living, Miss
Maggie Harvey, now Mrs. Donohue,
and S. He!frich. Of the cotton brok
ers. Capt. R. H. Brown, now president
of the Central of Georgia Bank, lives.
Of .the 17 cotton buyers. A W. Crutch-
HP! ■ field - J- P- Roosevelt and J. G. Ruhan .... . .. . , . _ I l_J HR
was 77.4. and three times as great as are a few, but mighty few. old firm ; are . living, none of them In the same ; stellation no orb obstructed Cobb from sfons In the South, and especially with
at Andersonville ° ‘ names, but even these are slightly j business. (the world's vision. In this firmament . southern Democrats, and any personal
turned was intense in her desire for! But u iy almost forgotten in the changed, and the personnel is almost j _. ^ °f transcendent brightness Cob left j sacrifice which I may be called upon to
exchange and the Confederacy was • South that we also offered a viftof entirely different. j _. JT er 4i R , ve , d . ent i? ts ’ °i these, an effulgent track behind him as he ! make to ensure union and harmony,
- * * * j VJL tori is in Aprth Georgia, j pursued his triumphant way to
Thirty years ago there
declared that if
igitatlon is kept
up -'I! the railways are threatened with
yesterday. Howell Cobb shone with i s °r. and a large element wanted him bankruptcy, and that In 1909 hundreds
splendor in the bright galaxv of gen- ' nominated, but some in Georgia ob- i 1 “".t wili be thrown out
ius and eloquence which made Geor- jected because, so it was said, "his ex- : ° r employment. rno g: .\u unrest m
gia luminous and renowned through- . treme Union views are in antagonism j tke financial n orld l i lsiuv.u .sti,sm>
out the nation. In the sky of Pur With ’ the prevailing sentiment in the , ® am > is not due to the pom
Southern glory were many brilliant ; Democratic -ranks." Mr. Cobb patriot- i
stars, and ’ in this intellectual con- j iaclly said: “This Is no time for divi-
unprepared for tho action of Stanton, ! "well” prisoners. It was understood
order Xo. 209. breaking the cartel. By j that vessels on the coast of Florida
ihls order Federal prisoners were not i jjpuld take the Andersonville prisoners,
n he < xehanged or even paroled. If
shall be cheerfully made.” Therefore he
paroled they were forced back Into
the Federal army. This order. Xo. 209,
rnught the Confederacy unprepared to
meet the prison problem. The ceme
tery at Ander-onvillo was founded on
this order. It was like passing sen
tence upon Federal prisoners, for the
North knew that the Confederacy was
without medicines and doctors and not
equipped to care for prisoners. Hence,
"Mr. Davis and Col. Ouid. the commis
sioner of exchange, put forth every
effori to get rescinded order Xo. 209.
ami Col. Ouid was. given the largest
Authority in dealing with Maj Mul-
ford. United States agent of exchange.
Everything was done to emphasize tho
filet that we were scant of food, of doc
tors. of medicines—Indeed, absolutely
unprepared to hold captives.
A deaf ear was turned to it all.
It is Interesting history to follow
the Confederate authorities In their ef
fort to abate prison suffering. Col.
Ouid. from the day the cartel was disre
garded, pleaded for medicines and phy
sicians, offering to pay the Federate in
cotton for them, ns the Federal cap
tives needed these. Xo replies were
made to Commissioner Ouid.
In j864 prisoners Increased fearfully
at Andersonville, and to care for them
became serious. Xo
sick, no proper food,
prisoners and acquaint the Lincoln
Cabinet with prison conditions and the
need of exchange and medicines and
physicians, a delegation of prisoners
were sent to "Washington at urgent re
quest of Capt. Wirz. These Federal
■Haters--ami prisoners went M 'that
mission of mercy and came back and
reported "failure.’’ They told the pris
oners their own government had
abandoned them and exchange or med-
i -hies :kev would n. : g.-t fr on ftp-nt. n.
This created despondency among tho
prisoners. It is to be hoped the fate
of those who went on that mission was
They were, accordingly, marched bv
short stages to the coast. The captain's
ind commanders refused to accept the
were two
dealers in agricultural implements. A.
B. Farquhar. and Francis Jessup, both
having stores in Hollingsworth block
on Pojdar street. Only two architects.
Uncle
There* were five dentists. Of these,
Georgia: . I _
and Dr W. R Holmes, of the Holmes splendid zenith. Howell Cobb was a j did not permit his name to bo can-
Dental Depot, are living There were man of great ability and superb foren- vassed for the Presidency. In a ringing
fiVo rlrnv* linr»«r nm? \Tr TJ Afonc. ’T’v.« 1 snppph n f Afn ri *»f to U n oolrl* “Tim kmi"
dray lines, and Mr. W. H. Mans- sic eloquence. The country admired ! speech at Marietta he said: “The hour
field is the only survivor. Of the eight ; his statesmanship. He was one of . of Georgia’s dishonor in the Union
retail druggists, Mr. Theodore W Ellis, the nftosfc interesting figures, among should be the hour of her independence
. Capt. T. L. Masscnburg and Dr. R. B. the leading public characters of his out of the Union." In February, 1S61,
them. And we had to march ihn« . Billy Wilson as he was called. L. W. ! ar p living, and they are not now time. His name recalls numerous of he was chosen president of the Con-
poor fellows back to Andersonville and Smith & Co. dealt in artist materials, i ir ? } he d ™ s business The retail drug- his brilliant personal victories, and ffress of the Confederate States, R8-
they died like sheep along the wav . Mr. Smith is now in the real estate of 30 years ago were: Taco. W.
' business. Of the twenty-seven attor- g*l f, £ A. Cheatham & Sons, R B.
Hall, Hunt, Rankin & Lamar. Jonn
Ingalls. A. A. Menard, George Payne.
Rankin. Massenburg & Co. There were
three .wholesale -dry goods houses. S. T.
Coleman & Co., Xussbaum & Dannen-
brougl
by the
. about
vari ms
back, too despondent to live. Here
Stanton refused the "well"—yet when ne - vs - onI y a fen " are now living, and
they received the “sick" they “retai- only three. Mr. A. Proudfit, W. G.
iated” because they were the sick and ® m tth and H. F. Strohecker practive
not well. Spurned Alexander H. Ste- ,aw today. They were: Bacon &
vens’ mission, rejected the mission of Rutherford, Blount. Simmons & Hard-
the Federal prisoners who pleaded for ^ n J rin - &_ Strohecker. Harry S.
relief, refused the "well” in Florida ^ B
of the South. It has become a custom
with most .Georgians to classify
Toombs, Stephens and Hill together,
and many speak of this wonderful
trio as Georgia’s three greatest men.
but not -one of them was the superior
and forced them back to prison, yet
grew ferocious and persecuted vilely
our prisoners on account of the ema
ciated appearance of the 13.000 sick
sent as a gift for humanity's sake!
Truth is stranger than fiction. The
"gift" was their own men; not a Tro
jan horse bearing Greeks.
"When Mr. Stephens had failed in his
Edwards, Erwin Howell, Samuel
Fischer. John P. Fort". Thos. B. GreS-
hani. Geo. W. Gustin, Hall. Son & Poe.
Hardeman & Mason. Chas. J. Harris,
Richard H. Hines, R. W. Jemlson, La
nier & Anderson, Hill & Harris, Lof
ton & Bartlett, C. E. Long, Lyon &
Xisbet. R. A. Xisbet. R. W. Patterson,
W. A. Poe, Alexander Proudfit. John
Rutherford, W. G. Smith. Robt. W.
Stubbs. Whittle & Whittle. Thos.
berg. S. Waxelbaum & Bro., none of of Cobb as an orator. Which excell-
them of the same firm name in exis-
He became a
major general, was assigned to Geor
gia. and on September 14, 1SG3. estab
lished his “Headquarters of Georgia
Reserves" in Atlanta, and removed to
Macon in 1864. He was on the field
when Stoneman was Raptured near
Macon by soldiers under General Iver-
humane mission for exchange and for Willingham. Jr. Of the living there
purchase of medicines and secure doc
tors and hospital supplies for the Fed
eral captives, and Robert Ouid had
failed in all his efforts, then Gen. Lee
himself undertook to do something
with .the military commanders In the
field. Gen. Benjamin F. Butler was in
are: Senator Bacon. Col. John P.
Fort, Thos. B. Gresham. X. E. Harris,
Joe Hill Hall. A. Proudfit. Harry S.
Edwards, Walter G. Smith, Cicero A.
Long, H. F. Strohecker, Thos. Willing
ham. Jr., Robt. A. Xisbet. Chas. L.
Bartlett and W. A. Poe. There were
medicines for ! charge of the prison department, and ^? Ui ^, a “® tI ” n '? ous ® s ’ T W - A - Cherry, J.
To relieve the | be referred the matter to Gen. Grant ; „ & t> J " . R enne< Ty an 3
' approvingly, and Gen. Grant thus re-
: George H. Pratt.
piled:
“City Point. Aug. 13. 1S64.—To
Gen. Butler: On the subject of ex
change I differ from Gen. Hitchcock.
It Is hard on our men held in South
ern prisons-not to exchange them, bui
every man of theirs released becomes
an active soldier against us. directly
or indirectly. If we begin a system of
exchange to liberate all prisoners we
will have to fight until the whole South
is exterminated. If we hold those
caught they amount to no more than
dead men. To exchange prisoners
defeat and
should befall heroes and brave j would insure Sherman’s
men. A monument should ho erected compromise our safety.”
to them, thus Illustrating the efforts of What an unconscious tribute Gen.
the Confederacy on the side of hu- I Grant pays to those old veterans lin-
manlty. j goring in Xorthern prisons! Grant.
These heroes met the same answer ! magnanimous at Appomattox, shows
a Alexander H. Stephens, who was I the Iron heart here,
sent on a mission of mercy in bohr
the
Da
prisonc
is to p]
in tha
d fo
to s
authorlz
axe
ng
•dful s
confln
sion In
bv Mr.
e. and fall-
iicines and
; were kept
cure r
pplles for such
pent. But Mr.
d to see Lincoln as ho hoped,
ns always declared his mis-
h’alf of the prisoners had not
a failure had he been allowed to
ir. Lin oln. Stanton stopped him
? "outer guard." to use Mr. Davis'
age. Admiral S. P. Lee. U. S. X..
landing the blockade squadron at
ort News, communicated with tho
ington Government, stating the
f Air. Stephens" miss
alv
one
To
cords.
f hu-
order
Rot
fines •
nd
•: • : > :• ■; ; f in cotton
•• ’ or directed hj -he Federal
t; >vi rament All in \ i n. Xo exchange,
no par >.e, no medcines no Federal sur-
T.u: our zeal did nm cease here. In
the summer of 1364 our Government
offered to deliver all the si. k. wounded.
P-'ng in X ■ .-ember. 1364. Fod-
'd ships o.m.e and bore off : . Nerth-
' homes pt so soldiers, and brought
no: a single^’old reb"—no: one The
• :h rate wa? it its highest from Mav
November 1364. and Mr Ouid in
to 1 or no bity In accepting "the
: "• Rut wh ; a fatal gif; :; proved
be! T: was the death knell cf
us.tnds of i"anfederate prisoners As
so .-miufiatos returned home photo-
•phs Wo-e taken and reproduced in
the Xorthern papers magazines,
i ‘d'ciis, pr.d a gr at how" went up.
- rulri: the press the people, the
arrhe? demanded retaliation: ar,d so,
: r.sive ;o |r was Stanton and the
>c •! i Cabinet : . ur men died ’ike !
. •. in a!! Xorthern prisons. The j
ful death r .’c of Confederate pris- 1
Mr. Stanton’s official report made on
July 19. 1866, shows that Federal pris
oners died. 22,246. whll
prisoners died 26.. r .76, The Surgeon-
General or the United States reported
the Federal prisoners held by us were
270 ono: the Confederate prisoners held
Xorth. ??h.oon. This tells the pathetic
story of that "fatal gift” of 13.000 sick,
sent homo ; get we!!! Xo -iek were
i given in return. Kut they died, bound
hand and foot. in “retaliatory”
shackles. Oh that "fatal gift" of 13.-
900 sick! After that gift, it was as if
sentence of death were passed upon all
; our prisoners.
! Reference has been made to march
ing th?- well prisoners to Florida and
the refusal of the gunboats to accept
them.
But there was a second march to
Florida. In the winter of 1S55 orders
rime from Gen. Howell Cobb to take
the Andersonville prisoners to Jack
sonville. then in possession of the Fed-
I erals. Capt. John C. Rutherford, the
lamented Macon lawyer, had charge.
The prisoners were marched in sight
.q" Jacksonville and the order given:
"Go to your own. whether they receive
you or r.ot ’’ and our soldiers with-
1 drew, and thu-- closed Andersonville.
, except T.ieut. Easterlin of Company
[ B. Third Georgia Reserves, was placed
| in charge of the sick and feeble at An
dersonville. and was there when the
surrender came.
That "fatal gift” and Stanton’s con
duct during the "retaliatory period.”
from the arrival f the 13.000 ema
ciated until the close of the war. was
the cause of the refusal of a relief
fund. Air. I A. Reresford Hope, Mem
ber of Parliament, sent over a shipload
of blankets to the thinly clad Confed
erate sufferers. Stanton sent them !
back.
Percy Grey, the English historian. ■
sneaking of prison treatment on both
sides, says: -But. after all. the Fed-
i-ni prisoners did not die so fast as
the Confederate prisoners, and the
North was without excuse for inflict- !
ing cruelty and hardships. If the sick
Federal? perished for want of medi-1
.fines and hospital supplies, it was the ’
fault of their own Government.”
Grey further says: "The Corder- !
ate reoorts suffice to show that the i
Confederate Government anxiously de- I
There were four bakeries. A. Kreutz.
Louis Merkel, P. AIcGrath and Robert
Waggenstein. Mrs. Henry Alerkel now
carries on the business established by
Ills father, and the family continues
the business of Robert TVaggenstein.
Of the nine barbers, AVillis Braswell is
the only one who has a shop as In
the old days, and it is still on Third
street. In the same block. John Bick
ers Is still shaving, and these two old
timers are the only ones now living.
The book dealers were J. W. Burke. &
Co., now the J. W. Burke Company,
with E. W. Burke, son of the founder
of the house, as manager; Burr Brown
turned farmer, and the business is
now being carried on by Grant Fuller:
Jos. A. Gaboury. John P. Lee & Co..
and L. W. Smith & Co. Of the six
shoe dealers, two are now living, but
are not In the business. The dealers
were S. Blouenstein. Hugh AIcKervey.
rnn'Mpri'to Mix & Kirkland, Jacob Schall, Single-
1 ‘ ton & Hunt., and Edgar P. Strong.
Mr. Blouenstein is in the pawn-brok
ing business, and Mr. W. C. Singleton
in fire insurance. The only bottler
was AI. L. Binsewanger, long since
dead. There were two brick yards,
that of W. F. Anderson", who died re
cently. and T. .C. Howard. There were
four brokers, John'E. Bostick. W. W.
Carnes, T. Skelton Jones and Lorenzo
Ripley. Capt. Carnes is in Tampa.
Dow Ripley is not in business, John
Bostick Is dead for many years, and
T. Skelton Jones is the only one still
in the business.
. . r — : ed him as a parliamentarian? He was ! s° n , August 1. 1864. General Cobb was
tence today^ an$ nine retail'stores, as the peer of -any as a patriot. Whose also in command at Alacon when the
follows. Corkery & Rooney. Alax record in high political office was more c ' ,v surrendered to Wilson, April 20,
Fischer. M. A. Juhan & Co.. Morris & celebrated’’ J 1S65.
Ware. C. P. Roberts & Co., E. .A j • " I
Shiver, S. AI. Siesel & Bro., S. Waxel- | Cobb was in Congress in the day? , Howell Cobb was one of the speakers
baum & Co., E. Witkowski. Of these, | 0 f clay, Calhoun and Webster, when at the famous "Hush Arbor” mass
R A Morris, now in Waycross, C P. ; this Immortal three were members of meeting which was held in Atlanta.
Roberts, in the Ordinary s office, and ; the Senate. Stephens and Toombs July, 186S. The other thunderers were
S. AI. Siesel, retired, are now living. ! w( . r e his colleagues in the House. Robert Toombs, Benjamin H. Hill and
The only engraver was Jps. E. Wells. Cobb and Stephens began their Con- : Raphael J. Afoses. An immense throng
who was at that time with "Wing Sc ; g-ressional careers at the same time, , of people fr-om all parts of the State
Sc ^i. mon ’ J eweelrs - in 1843. Toombs joined them in 1845. assembled under the mammoth bush
There were two fish dealers, one of " “There were giants in those days.” . arbor which had been erected in a
whom, Hon Felix Corput, is farming : others in the House, with whom Cobb space near the old union depot. Joseph
near Cave Spring. There were three. ? served, were John Quincy Adams, , E. Brown was the jnain object of at-
foundries. Crocketts. Findlay’s, and Stephen A. Douglas. Andrew Johnson, tack. Volcanoes of the hottest invec-
bchotield s. Major. C. D. Findlay sti.l . pj c. Winthrop. Jefferson Davis, and , five and denunciation were poured out
continues the business, and Schofield s j n jjjg s ena t e , were Rufus Choate, upon him, and other reconstructionists,
also remains, but with a change of j ames Buchanan, Thomas H. Benton, i Here is one sentence from Cobb’s
by hostile legislation
State Legislatures.
President ’Stickney contended that
the only solution of the railroad prob
lem is to grant all tho power to reguluto
the roads to the Federal Government.
He urged the establishment of a de
partment of interstate commerce, its
head to be a ‘member of tho Cabinet,
and he asserted the present Interstate
Commerce Commission is a failure, be-
ceuse the power to act is placed in the
hands of too many men. He said he
believed that far better results could bo
secured if the entire matter were placed
in charge of a Cabinet Officer With
power to enforce the laws now on the
statute books.
Low Rates to Louisville, Ky.. and Re
turn Via Central of Georgia Ry.
On account of Greater Louisville
Exposition tickets Will be sold at rate
of one fare, plus 25 cents for round
trip on Alarch IS. 19, 25 and 26, limit
ed to leave Louisville not later than
April 1. For further information tele
phone 305 or address Jno. W. Blount,
T. P. A.. Alacon, Ga.
name, the business now being carried j 0 i ln j_ Crittenden, and others of the j speech. “Oh. Heaven! for some blast-
on by the sons, u the three furniture ■ truly great who have left their in- | ing word that I might write infamy
dealers. F. Reichert. W. & E P. Tnvlnr , *u_ * t i_ ...
dealers. F. Reichert. W. & E. P. Taylor,
and Thomas Wood, none are living.
Of the twenty dealers In general
merchandise, Messrs. Valentine" Kahn,
now retired, Louis Newman, now in
the millinery business^ and H. Stein
only are living. Ot the eight whole
sale grocers, Col. W. A. Huff and
George T. Harris, of Huff, Harris & , OI ,
Co.. Messrs. Willie. Morrison and Frank • an(X
delible impress upon tho annals and i upon the foreheads of such men!
the institutions of our country. An I
eminent historical authority says: j On October 9, 1863. aged only flfty-
TOROXTO, Alarch 13.—A warning to
the public against making investments
in mining schemes of a wildcat nature
was sounded by Lieutenant-Governor
Clark at a banquet held at the King
Edward Hotel by the Canadian Mining
Institute on Friday. He said that the
mining engineer had a great responsi
bility at the present time. He must
stand between the public and the pro
moter. There were many people in
vesting their saving^ in inuch-boonu-d
enterprises who could ill afford to lose
those savings. It was the responsibil-
„ , Ity of the mining engineers of Canada
Rogers, of Geoige l. Kogens & Sons, ; Thirty-first Congress in December. 1 Publcations are being made In some l to prevent, so far as they could, tho
ana Alessrs. a. k ana i. D. Tinsley ■ jg49 t h e xvas elected Speaker after a . of the newspapers of the State to the 'publication of unreliable reports and
aie here now. -oraae seventy-six re- violent contest. .He demanded the effect that should Governor-elect prospectuses.
“Cobb was distinguished for his fa- ' three years. Howell Cobb died suddenly
miliarity with the rules of the House, of heart disease, while on a visit to
his skill as a debater, his strong pro- . New York.
fessions of attachment to the Union. “And the King said unto his serv-
and his equally earnest advocacy of ants, “Know ye not that there is a
State rights. He became the leader ; prince and a great man fallen this day
of the Southern party in the House, i in Israel?”
upon the assembling of the j
OF WILD-CUT MINES
tal , sroeers. onlj Frank Disroom, the i extension of slavery into California j Smith decide to have his inauguration
vell-knottn colored grocer, is in the ; an ^ New Alexico by Federal authority. : in the open-air, it would be a distinct
ixty of the sev- | an ^ supported the compromise meas- j departure in the history of Georgia, as
ures of 1850.” , ; hitherto tho inaugural tieromonies
| have always been held indoors. Jour-
Richard Alalcolm Johnston says: j nalistlc correspondence coming out of
same business, and
enty-one are known to be dead. Of
the two dealers in guns and pistole,
George W. Stratton lives, and con
tinues the business.
There were four hardware stores.
Cashart & Curd, S. S. Dunlap. F. S.
Johnson & Sons, and Preston Walker.
The house of S. S. Dunlap remains;
but it is now the Dunlap. Hardware
“Air. Cobb had a great love of humor, Atlanta emphasizes the statement that
and an almost boyish fondness for
[ practical joke, which he retained
; throughout his life. In adverse as well
j as prosperous fortune.” As an illus-
i tration of this very excellent quality |
! in Cobb’s make-up, I copy the follow-
Company. There Eere six hotels. Of ; ing extract from a letter written by ‘ on the Washington st
Congressman Alexander H. Stephens
to his brother Linton, dated at Wash
ington. D. C., Alarch 3. 1844:
“This afternoon while ' we were
passing the row of hacks at the depot
whiting for the evening cars, Cobb
The following were the banks, and
their presidents and cashiers: Central
of Georgia Bank, John E. Jones, presi
dent, T. O. Chestney. cashier; Ex
change Bank. John C. Curd, president,
Richard F. Lawton, cashier: First Nat
ional Bank, L C. Plant, president. W.
W. Wrigley. cashier: Macon Bank. R.
W. Cubbedge, president, J. W. Lockett,
cashier: Alacon Savings Bank, J. M.
Boardman. president. H. T. Powell
cashier: Capital Ban'o.. H. L. Jewett,
president. X. AL Hodgkins, cashier:
City Bank. John J Gresham, president.
W. P. Goodall, cashier. Of the seven
presidents all are dead. Of the cash
iers. five are dead. Of the banks only
three exist today.
Tere was only one candy manufac
turer. A. H. Stevens, who is now farm
ing. The carriage and wagon dealers
were W. W. Collins & Co.. Freeman
& Greene, and F. L. Groce. There were
four cigar manufacturers. Nathan A.
Gans. who died last week. E. Mantoue,
Marcus Peyser. Jr., and James Wert
heimer. Of these. Air. Peyser is the
only one living, and he retired from
business several years ago. The deal
ers In cigars were Adolph Daus. still
living, but in another business. Emile
Herman. J. F. Brown. William T.
Lightfoot and W. B. Voiger. Of these,
the best remembered is Voiger. who
kept a stand on the corner now known
as Sol Hoge’s Corner The only civil
engineer was J. C. Wheeler, at that
time City Engineer. He was the father
of Capt. Pouhill Wheeler. The doth-
ing dealers were D. J. Baer. J. H".
kin, you can get a hack here.’ In
moment about twenty hackmen were
around Lumpkin, crying, ‘want a
hack, sir?’ ‘Hack, sir?’ ‘Here’s a
hack, sir.’ Cobb walked on, as if he j
had done no mischief, leaving Lump- i
kin to explain himself out of the dif
ficulty. for half of them seemed to !
consider it a clear engagement.”
the Brown House, the daughters of
E. E. 'Brown are living. B. Dub. of
the Lanier House, as it was then
known, is owner of the Screven House
in Savannah. Of Byington's Hotel, one
of the sons of E. T. Byington is now
living in 'Florida. Of the Isaacs Ho
tel. Mr. Emanuel Isaacs is still living.
Of the Planter’s Hotel, Mr. J. H.
BYemer is dead. Of the Stubblefield
House, now the Arcadia, Airs. S. L.
Whitehurst is dead. There were three
house funnishing goods dealers. Of
these only George S. Obear, Jr., of At
lanta, is living.
* * *
There were ten insurance agents, H.
L. Backus, W. W. Carnes. J. B.
Cobb. Dr. A. P. Collins, Conner Bros.,
H. AI. Granniss. Jewett & Rodgers,
P." C. Plant *• Son. Turpin & Og
den, C. B. Willingham and Bro., and
of these are now living Capt. W. W.
Carnes. H. M. Granniss. of Orlando,
Fla., and C. B. Willingham.
• * *
The livery stables were C. Afaster-
son. Samuel A. Porter, and John S.
Stuart, none in existence todav.
■ . • *-■-*.*'
There were four lumber dealers.
Bartrum. Hendix & Co.. Ellis & Cut
ter. Guernsey & Reynolds, and R. C.
Wilder & Sons, and of these, the sons
of R. C. Wilder and J. W. Eilis and
H. C. Cutter, of the firm of Ellis &
Cutter, are living.
* * *
Of the photograph galleries, T. B.
Blackshear Is now in the business. W.
A. & C. H. Campbell are living! the cf Congress. He itas oposed by both
former in Florida, the latter in Atlanta. Stephensand Toombs, who were Whigs.
J. A. Pugh died many years ago. The In those times "State pride" seemed to
only portrait painter was Charles de “cut no figure,” so far as supporting a
B'eruff. The onlv picture dealer candidate for high office was con-
framer was E. D. Irvine, now living, cerned. Party was everything. Alere
There were thirty-six physicians, and I personal friendship was not a lever
of these Dr. E. G. Ferguson. Dr. H. sufficiently strong to break fart final
A. Alettauer and Dr. J. J. Subers only line.:. But I guess it is very mu.-h the
ane living. Of the three plumbing • same way yet. “State pr ; de” would net
firm* only Mr. T. J. Carling remains, ‘nfiuence a Democrat in voting for a
* * * Peru!; can. In this memornbl-j cen-
Of the three real estate dealers. H. j test for the Speakership, in which Cobh
W Campbell, Dr. A. P. Collins and bore off the laurels, the balloting rop-
the open-air inauguration would
something new in this State. Alas!
“how soon we forget!” In the rapid
flight of years, it seems only yester
day that W. Y." AtKinson stood upon,
the platform which had been erected
cet plaza of thq
State capitol. in Atlan a. and in th<
presence of 10,000 people, assembled
from all parts of Georfiia. delivered
his second inaugural address and took j Railway Company for tho purpos
The New Pure Foea and Drug Law.
We. are pleased to announce that '
Foley’s Honey and Tar for coughs,
colds and lung troubles is not affected
by the National Pure Food and Drug
law as it contains no opiates or cither
harmful drugs, and we recommend !t
as a safe remedy for children and
adults. H. J. Lamar & Co-, agents,
near Exchange Bank, Macon.
BIG STONY COMPANY
WILL EXTEND LINE
ROANOKE, Va„ March 12.—The
stockholders of the Big Stony Rail
way Company met here today in the
offices of the Norfolk and Western
the oath of office as Governor. It was
a grand demonstration, a gala occasion
said to Lumpkin aloud. ‘Here. Lump- in the “open-air.” One of the distinc
tive features of the brilliant afjalr
was the grand military pageant, com
posed of infantry of the United States
and a large array of the military of
Georgia. The Second Georgia regi
ment, embracing the Macon compan
ies. under command of Col. E. D. Hug-
uenin. was there in all of its glory. A
multitude of the school children of the
In a letter written to Linton on the [ State was in attendance. One th^ high
following Alay 4, "Little Aleck” tells j platform fully 1.000 persons were
of another joke of Cobb’s. seated. There the General Assembly
"You know that the hackdrivers j met in joint session, being called to
profess to know every house in town. : order by Hon. Robert L. Berner, pres-
A day or two ago .Cobb walked up to ; ident of the Senate. In a few words
securing an amendment to the charter
whereby it can build extensions and
branches. The proposed amendment
was adopted and a line will be built
from interior Virginia into Potts Val
ley, a distance of twnety miles. The
stock of the Big Stony Company is
owned by the Norfolk and Western
Company.
one of them and asked if he could
drive ■ him to Air. AIcFadden’s. ’Yes,
i sir.’ was the ready answer. Cobb hnp-
i ped in. and off rolled the hack. After
' a while the driver asked. ‘Where was
it you wanted to go?" ‘To Mr. McFad-
| den's. ’What street does he live on?’
j ‘I don’t know. You told me you could
; drive me there, and you must.’ So he
j had a long drive, all over town, the
| driver inquiring everywhere for Mr.
i AIcFadden.”
I have not the complete record? by
me which tell the whole tale, but Mr.
Cobb won a brilliant personal and polit
ical victory in December. 1849. when
he was elected the Democratic Spe’ker
Hertz. Key & Salisbury, and Winship T. C. Dempsey, none are living. Of | tinued from December 3 to December
he introduced Governor Atkinson to
the great mass of humanity. As the
man. who had been chosen for the
second time to preside over the des
tinies of the commonwealth, arose to
speak, there ensued an inspiring and
enthusing scene. The vast throng
broke into tumultuous cheering—fair
women waved handkerchiefs, flags
were raised on high, "and all went
merry as a marriage bell." In fancy I
see Atkinson now, pausing for a mo
ment in one of his fervid oratorical
flights, and leaning over the railing
of the gaily decorated platform, where
the coat of arms of Georgia glistened
in the sun. said, in words of earnest
ness and tenderness, to the thousand
or more pupils assembled near, “and
you. mv children, mav God bless you.”
At the conclusion of his address the
oath of office was administered to
Governor Atkinson by Chief Justice
Simmons of the Supreme Court of
Georgia. October 31. 1896. was a proud
day in the life of W. Y. Atkinson, and
a memorable one in the annals of the
inauguration of Governors of Georgia.
It may be remarked in passing, that
Mr. Berner, who occupied so promi
nent a place in the “open-air" inaug
ural ceremonies of Governor Atkinson,
Saved Her Son’s Life.
The happier,t mother in the little
town of Ave, Mo., is Mrs. S. Ruppee.
She writes: "One year ago my son
was down with serious iung trou-.
ble that our physician was unable to
help him; when by our druggists’ ad
vice I began giving him Dr. King's
Xew Discovery, and I soon noticed im
provement. I kept this treatment up
for a few weeks when be was perfect
ly well. He has worked steadily since
at carpenter's work. Dr. King’s Xew
Discover saved his life.” Guaranteed
best cough and cold cure by all drug
gists. 50c and $1.00. Trial bottle free.
SEVENTY-THREE INDICTMENTS
AGAINST SOUTHERN RAILWAY
RICHMOND. Va., March 12.—The
Franklin County grand jury at Rocky
Mount yesterday brought in 73 indict
ments against the Southern Railway for
violating the Jim Crow law and falling
to provide proper accommodations for the
traveling public. The violations are said
to be on a branch of the Southern be
tween Rocky Mount and Franklin Junc
tion.
UNION STATE BANK
WRECKED BY BURGLARS.
WICHITA, Kas.. Alarch 12.—Tho
Union State Bank of Hunnuwell. Kas..
was wrecked by safe blowers early to
day. Five distinct explosions aroused
the residents, who gave chase to the
burglars. The robbers covered their re
treat by firing at their pursuers and es
caping on a hand car. The amount se-
ured cannot be estimated at present.
Posses are being formed to intercept
is a law partner of the next Georgian • the robbers.
J INDISTINCT PRINT