Newspaper Page Text
mmNmI
It Is Mt * MM
AI.UANV. OA., dec,
JBjfey
wuMPBiwia MESSAGE.
T|m MMbwiI 4iMr|Mii»llos nf Dm Union, U
lick the President bis m often e*U*d lb* alien-
p.v*riL r £» h i?4?aaw.osi^
ii.f
I p.m.l ii(u«(ioa, although MWi uilrial b)
traolrro, la uttwtuh oiptolrotr «fi aritoM.
"Here aliall tbo pm
L'nawrd by fear ut ttnbri
free gnrerauriat, My dlmiatok thrif fr.easwuy aad
- ' letarli; ‘ “ ‘
inltlgaia tbeir aa eerily by directing sit Ita pTUM.d-
* aaa aab tit faailanalal lav.
war baa bean broegkl ia a close, li
iwr (fct glal<
Inflated
la maaifaaily the feel lalaraat and duty of Iba male
in repair !ba lajurlaa vklab Um war baa
iipun iha laraalaatlaa af Iba rebellion, promptly ao-
repirtl. not aaly by Iba Cieeallro Depart meal, bal
by ibr laaarroelleaary Btaloa ibamaalroo, and re
ainrailon. la iba brat mamaalaf peace, waa beUerod
to ba'aa eaay and eertaia aaH waa la ba Indiapaa-
aablo. Thfl ~
• abb
The eapaotoltoro, bowarcr. tbea ae
ad ceafidaatly enlertalned, vara dlaa
tagtltalloa from which I fait eeaatrml
ably, _
Otl by bfMailwi from vklab ! fall renolreto.fi, by
my eblifalleaa to IbeOonalilullen, la withhold aay
sweat.
Ilia ikarofora a aoarae of prafoand regrot that
In oamplylag vllb Iha obllgalioa imposed apaa thi
I’raaltleal by Iba Ceattilwtloa, la giro lo Ci
from lino lo lima Information of tka olala
Inion, | am naablo ta oommunloala aay dedal La
ndjuataiaat, aaltafhetory ta tka A marl ana paopla, of
tlm f|itoatioaa vbiok, alaaa Ike oloae of urn rebel-
lion, liaro agitated Iha pabllo mfad. On Iba eon-
' irnry, candor oompola mo lo declare that at tkla
time there la ao Union aa oar Falhora nndor-
ntood the lorm, and aa tkay meant It to ba aadar-
rtoodbyna. Tbo Union vklab thnyoatahllakedone
oilat only when all Ibo Males are raproMntad la
both Ifouaoo of Congraaat whore tao Bute lo aa
Irooaa anal bar lo regulate III Inland! aonoarna ac
cording to ita ovn will I and where the lawe of the
central Uorarnmont, aerially confined la matlara of
national jurladioilon, apply whh equal force lo all
i hr people of erory aectiaa. Thai onak la not Iba
prreent ".late of the Union" la a melancholy fool I
nml wa all muat acknowledge that Ike realorollon
nf the Rialoa lo their proper legal relation! vllb
with one another, ao.
ho ilie greatest temporal blearing which Sod! In V
,A '■ """ 1 thta nefla
i hr Federal Oorrmmaat and with
I connect, w
_ ^ ^ ^ J iiia
kindrirprorldanoaroonld bellow upon this nation.
It hceomea our impoiatlra duly lo eonaldar whether
or not 11 la Impossible lo afoot Ihla meat dealrabla
COIMUIIltniiioB.
The Union and the Coaatllullon are Inaonarabla.
All along aa ona la obeyed tka other will be pro-
reread, and If one la deatrayed both muat pariah
logdilior. The daatrnollon or tbo Uonatltutlan will
1,0 followed by other and allll greater ealamltlee. II
was ordained not only to farm a more perfeet union
i„‘iwreu the Slater, but lo "eatabliah juatlee, Inanro
dotuaailo tranquility, prorldo for Ibo common da-
t'-noe, promote Iha general wellhre, and aoeura the
iileraing of liberty lo ouraolroa and our poalorlty."
Noihiug but Implicit obodloaoa lo IU raqalromanla
in nil parta of the country will aeeempllah thoao
groai enda. Without that obedience wa aaa look
torvard only to oontlanal outraged npaa Individual
righto, laooanaat branched of Ibo public peace, na
tional vaakaeae, financial dishonor, tka total ioea
of our prosperity; the general corruption of mar-
"I", and iha final ctllaellea of popular freedom. To
core our country from eeila ao appalling aa
we rhonld renew out aforta again and again.
Ta me tbeproeeeaef reatoratiaa oaeme perfbatly
plain and aimpla It coaalata manly la a faithful
application of tka Coaatltutiea and lava. Tka an.
edition
pnatd
oihn* necMfiily. rsal or protended, wtltb mb jjr*.
hj.'ioean^perfaoiiy conalatanfvltk'lka fhadamaatnl
'"pad, % wKjsTRffitfr a?u
■igalnat the United Stalae - — -
irbed by tea properJud
Her entirely praatlanbla
waawaa wa anew vvtUllkUUVf MU WWfia
u of Iba lava ta bol m» ehetraeted ar opr
by phyalcal force. .Than la ne military or
naeaaaily, k na! or pretended, vklab aaa pro-
" " • I Iba Conatltutloa, allbar Sam*- "
.MUmMU^SK
ly oonalotant with the fhndamonl
vent nbedlenet lo
Houlhe All tbn
g iBB
||d lava) TVaaa (a iVnea,
lore, no eaaaoa why the Conotitalien akonld not ha
oheyad, unlaaa thoaa who exerolae Ua powers kaoa
determined that It ahall be disregarded and rlola-
ted. The vary naked will of tkla gorarnmant, ar
Of aomo ona ar more of lie breaehea, la tka only
Olutaale that oan octal la a perfect Union of all the
blntc*.
Oa tkla moment ana quaaUon and oema of tbo
mraauraa growing out of I bare bad Ike mlefor.
■to differ from Caagroaa, and bare einroaaed
my conrictlona without raaorna, though with
r.,tiling deference lo the opinion, of Ike Ugi.latlra
liopnrtmant. Thareooa.lctl.nl an not only an-
tdtaagod, but atrongtbanod by aubaaqnovt oroala
nud rurther rofiooUan. The ■ rHant latpnr-
"Loe. of the aubjtel. will ba a ouaeten! axaued for
c. Ilfng year attention lo aama of the rokeeaa which
ha.e ae otrongly Influenoad my own jadgmcat./Thc
hope that we Meal finally eaaoar laa mode af
aelilemaat, aanalatont at aeeo with ear Irno later-
e.ta^ad with oar awarn datlaa ta tka OoaelUallau,
“ “l ar * 1 t*» J"“« bo anally roUvqaloked.
Ula dear ia, my eppnhoaaloa that the Bl.lea
lately In rabollldn ara km mombara of Iha national
I nice. WbeadMthavooaaelehe oat The "er.
dtaancam ef aaoaealan. " adopted by a peeiieu (la
moat of them a ran email paRlaa.) af I bate ebl-
reaa, were mora aaluiloa. If woadaaU new tkatlbay
were roUd and effectual for the parpoee laloadod
'T tholr nutbaro, wo omaap from nadar onr that the
Wa?ttrrn^
OHM. 1 4* not wy thm ibis declarslioa is pstson*
slip biadifif oa thoss wliojolasd la tasking ii. sny
mors than lsdivblosl noaksrs ofCoofrsss srs per-
fcwUy MM if Hf a public debt •retted Oaid/d i
publlcUwfif wbfeb Ik.y Toled. But it wss s sol
»bW«. M pladM of Iks aslloBsi konor,
tod I ckuaot iosgius sn srhst grounds the rspudis
(Isa of It is to bsjuslified. If tt It said that we sre
not bouid fo loop fkitk with rsbsls, let it he re
metsbstsd I list Ibis promise wssnot msde to rsbsli
only. Thousands of true men in the' Houih were
Jrswn to o«r standard bjrit, and hundredi of thou
sands in Iks North gave their lives in the heller Ibil
ft would be carried out. It was made on the day
aftsr tka first grtal bat lie bad bsen fought and lost.
All ualrlallo and Inlslllgsnt man than saw,the as-
aoaaity of giving such an asiuraaca and believed
that without it tns war would and fa disaster to our,
causa. Raving givan that aasuranee in the as.
i rand tv of our parll, the violation of it now. in the
day of our powar. would be a rude ending of tkat
good faltk which holds the moral world togalhart
oar oouatry woald caaaa to hava any claim upon
the confidence of man; It would make the war not
only a failure, kut a fraud.
Balog sincerely convinced tkat thesa views are cor
rect, I would be unfaithful lo my duty if 1 did not
roeommand tka repeal of Iha acta of Congress which
place tan of the Bouthern States under the domi
nation of military maatera. If calm raflaalion shall
satiafy a majority of your honorable bodies that the
acta referred to arc ael only a violation ef the na
tional faith, but in direct conflict with the Constitu
tion. 1 dart act permit myself to doubt that you
will immediately strike them from the statute hook.
To cUaoastrstethe unconstitutional character of
thoao nets, I need do no more than lo refer to their
general pmltiana. It must seam at ouoe that they
are net authorised. To dictata what alterations
ahall be made In thi Conatituiions of the several
States t to control the elections of State legislators
and State officer*, members of Congress and electora
of President nnd Viea-Presidant, by arbitrarily de
claring who shall vote nod who akaU ba eaaludsd
from that privilege} to dissolve Stale laglalalu
or prevent then from assembling j to dismiss Judges
and other functionaries of the State, and appoint
others without regard ta State law} to organise and
operate all tha political machinery of the States; to
isgulate (ha whole administration of their domestio
and loeal affairs according to tka mere will of
strange and irresponsible agents, aant among them
for that pnrpoao—these are powers not granted lo
the Federal Government or to any of ita branches
Not being granted, wa violated our trust by as
suming them aa palpably as w* would by acting iu
the face of a positive Interdict; for Iba CoustlhUion
forbids wa to do whatever it dots not affirmatively
authorise either by express words or by olaar im-
plication. If Iha authority w* desire to use does
not oomo to aa through tho Constitution, wo oan ex-
erolse U only by usurpation; and usurpation ia tho
most dangerous of polilieal crimes. Uy that crime
tho enemlee of fra* government in all agaa have
warked out their d*ai| ‘ *
private
tho oota „„
powar !• always unlimited and unrest reined.
The acts of Coagrasa in question are not objec
tionable for thflr assampttoa of aigrantad power,
but many of Ihotr provisions ar* In oonfllot with
tho dlroot prohibitions of tho Constitution. The
Caatltwtioa commands that a republican form of
government shall ba guaranteed »o all tho States;
that no parson shall b* dapri
tdaagoroi
inemitB c _ ..
irkvd out tkolr designs against publie liberty and
[vale right. U laaua dlreot y and immediately to
i establishment of absolute rule j for uadeUgared
parson shall ba deprived of llfls, liberty, or
v without dno prices* of law, arrests^
•judicial warrant, or punished without a
without • judicial warrant, or ponlsbed without a
fclrutri h.ft.ro a. tttlK 1 *
lASMf fatWat so kill af attainder ahall ba pa.i.J
area a^laat a alaala ladlrlduat " '
to.uora. aatabUuad b/ tka.a —,
daaatanUff anbrart aid dwtroy tka fcna a. v.lt aa
the luh.laaa. of npahlloan ,o.anmadt la Iha Ian
Sum ta firblak tk.j appljr. It blade loam hand
and trot la ahaalata alar.rp, and lubjeeli tbam to a
.traaea aid beetlle povar, more OQllmllad cad
leaeukal
UDlMbv tbavarl TM direct eeatnrp vaa arar-
rrd W 111. fioraramaat ta ba Ha parsoaa. aad vaa
~^vSMnSsss
I ha a wwMw, vasad brtka pnaamtlav af
UalM. bad the Irani affaetaf dlaaaMt
lorj. at Iba utlaa r . an» waa >ot Iba
fiarpailipilhadalbil af aaaaaaiaa aa
1 sba vat Iba Inqmph of tt. Uvloaa
ili.Ualoo, bad Iha
rirlorjr.
or bar ■
«rld vba sat Iba trfqmph
Xor could Congreee, with
lli.ttaoMliro, do aaitblav
rffort, dlrorll/ — ‘ “
a»f .
Drpartmrat
(ha Maaaaaaltaaf a#
— _ — — — r* sfisrisi i waa 01.
affrot.f dlaaaMa, it. Tka
s&SW
mrat-of tha CaaM— _
t-o«hm «tataa.aad firoovi.lAb.il
tlomMaMaMrorp. tad VtvAd. aitralro at th.lr
»84Sks»S}S
■eraTlkaly lo ba abuiad tkaa aa* atbar now known
turn, olriUiod moa. It tramploa down all ikoro
right* vbiok Ibo ooaooar of llkorty roatlm., aid
wblob a fTOo gororamrot le alwapa moot oarofal to
proltct. It doalu tho fiatroa carp*$ aad tha IrUl bp
Jurjr. Ptraaaal froadom, propart/ and Ufa, if ...
aalladbp tha paaataa, tka pr.Judic, or tbo rapacity
of tka rultr, bar* ao aoourit j vkatorar. It haa tho
affect of a bill af retalader, ar bUI af peisaand pan*
altlra, Mt upon a faw ladlrldaata, kut npaa whale
elaatea, looludlng iba mllllui vhe inhabit the auk*
Jto t Btaiaa, aad area tkalr naborn children. TUrta
vraara, balag atprraaly farblddaa, eaaoot ba oa.'
atilntTonally isdlalrd upon aay portion of onr pan.
pit, ao autlor bow Ikoy may htro oomo within our
jnrifidlsllav, aad no maUor whether they lira la
fitataa, Territorial, or dlitrleta.
I kart ao drain la aara from tba proper andjuci
een.equcncei of Ikolr groat orlwa Iboaa who en
gaged In rebellion ogaluat Ibo aortrsm.nl; but ni
a mode of pnnlahra.nl tba mraanrat under con.Id.
oration art the moat nariaaoeablt that could bp
lerenlrd. Maay of Ihooo poonlt art porfootly Inao
oaat t many kept their fidrlliy to .Iba Ualou un
tainted to the taatt many wart Incapable of aay lt-
gal offano*; a large proportion am af Iba partona
able la bear ana. vara (broad Into Iba rebellion
agalaat th.lr villi avdof tkoea who art gnlUy with
tkolr ovn eoaaont, tbo degree, of gnllt an a. Va
lletta aa Ik* ikado* af tka obaraolar and tomptr.
■at I beta aola of Coagnaa confound -thorn all lo
aMfinuao* doom, ladlrorlmlaatr m
aooti aad partied, or up,a
•cm eommtltod by a
Iro, for offoacM
tgro of tbo vorld. Bat Cbrlellaaliy aad olrlllaation
mob proproo tha
iruel aad uq)*at
mef all oaprijud
bar* mad* aucb 1
tbal roconrar to a pun
' would moot with Ik*
lad 1
all naproludlood aad rlgkl-mladi
men. Tbo pnaltleo jualieo of Ihla ago, and
o!a!1y of Ihla country, don act ronalai In atri|
■bolt main of Ikolr
ing tha
unbroken I* peace, la v*Hk far more It our ekll
drcnlbaa Ik* arallloaLioa of any proobal fttllng.
I am aware It la aaavmadJkat Iblatyttam of got-
arvmcvt tor Ik* Boalkkro Stale* la not lo bo per
petual. It la tnta Ihla military gorarameal la to k*
oily aro.ulaial, hut It U through Ihla temporary
erlfthet * greater aril fi It b* made perpetual. If
tha guarantees af the Uaa.lllullon Can be brokoa
prorlataually to rorraalompanuy pnrpoao, and in
a part aaly of Iba daablry, we aaa destroy tbam
traryvbtn aad for all lint. Arbitrary mwaurro
cfl.n abaagt, but gtaerally ckange tor tba vorro.
(t Ifi tba ourao af deapallam that It htu ao kalttag
plat*. Tbo UlormlwWatarolao of lie power bring.
M aroal af eaonrity lo Ito eaUeota; hr tkay oat
apeft know what mot* they will bo nailed 01 to on
dan when lie rad right baud ia armed to plague
proaihla la eenjeeturo bow
■ ' bylfi*.may aaM in
^ -- My be
llmlta narrower Ikon va ooald with,
question of tndlfldnel, or eleao, or era.
tlonal lalaraat, mash laea af party predemlnaaM,, ,
~ iatm-roddilgb and'aaerod ditty—vhiab »w
rvdr* to perform. If wo cannot support
uitltttllop with the ekrorful alioriu of tlioto ■*«
ra aad talieraJv it, va auMrgln ia it *i «
a fidallt* of pabllo aorranlo who act uruler »'
obttgatlebo old ooamiid. vklek they
vat dlaragaid.
Tha eaailltiilnalduly l.aot the aaly on. which
require Ibo fitatoi to hr mfarrd. There is another
••nsidorotion wblob ihoagh of minor importance,
I. yet of gml weight. 0.1 Ik. 22d day of July,
IBtfil. Coograaa drelared, by ao almost uuani
sola of bath Houses, tkat tba war should bo
ducted ooUty tor tbo purport of pre»rriog the
Union, aad Mlalaliiag the •uprtrasey of tho Frd-
*t*l Coaatllutlou and lev., without Impairing Ibr vr —■«»'
dignity, .qwattty uwd righto of tbo Rtatoe end twdt- would not rtqnin ua ta oan them from
fldnal., nnd that wbrn tbli was dona Ibr war ehonld ■«'. “** r Iba olroom»tanee., this la ot
r-won. than Iha military d‘«prll.» mrd.r wblcl, 1lur.
a Ol
2
t lb. military deepriiam wndtr wblob J‘r Hdlu. 1.7ould.iibS IbV whlto
.hoy .r. .o.. Ul r.nng. I. fr w.rSrli.,.db.r.ralr.nd| WW "
Igenient
j not b
ivurcs Ilk**
intcreala
not be too
wlitcli niigtti, b^Mssiliilitjr,....
•»f ilia worlii in oiirGovcrnmM^ That confidanee
eta anir ho retained by carefully inculcating the
principles ofjnatjco nnd hgimv on the. popular mind,
ond.by (he., mnai aciupnlons fidohtjr to all our an-
gngefnciita of every sorU ‘ Any serious breach of
ihe organic law, persisted in for a considerable
time, cannot but create fears for the stability of
our institution* Habitual violation ofy prescribed
* * »dr*er
intend the nroi
the politirsl privi'.i
clothing Ilia ucgru raco wit
. . I tout from white inen.
The blacks in (ho Honfh are entitled to be well
and humanely governed, nnd to haveth* protection
of just laws fornirtlmfr right* of parson and prop
erty* It It wars practicable at this time to give
them a government exclusively their own, under
which they might manage their own affair* in their
own way, it woald become a grave question whether
wa ought M do bo, or whether ’ common humanity
n themselves,
only a specu
lative pdiat. II Is not proposed merely that they
shall govern themselves, but that they shall rule
the while race, make and administer Hint* law*,
•led President* and members of t'ongrees, and
shape to n greater or less extent the future destiny
of the whol >• countrv. Would *sueh a trust nnd
power be safe In each hands ?
The peculiar quail tie* which should characterise
~ fit ta dccidi
any
ssr:
it of pt
!• Who svei
dtnpor, the manage*
m ent of public affairs for a grant Slate, have seldom
beeu combined* U ia tha (lory^. of while men to
know that the v have had those qualities insufficient
measure to build upon this continent a great politi
cal fabriclip ninety years, while in every other
i*t frirld gll sT “ A
part of (he v
I similur experimentalhavq fail-
ever
[*\hi
kiloi
ed. Hut if anything can he proved by kilown facts
—if all reasoning upon evidence la not abandoned,
it nm»i bo acknowledged that in the progress of
nstions negroes have shown less capacity for gov-
eriucnt than any other raco ofpeoplo. No indepeu
dent government of any form has ever been succeat-
nil in their hands. On (he eontranr, wherever they
have been left to their own dovlees, (hoy have
shown a constant tendency to relapse into barba
rism, In the 8oolhern States, however. Congress
has undertaken to confer upon litem the privilege
of the ballot. Just released from slavery, it may
be doubled wholhar, as a class, they know more
than thalr ancestors how lo organise and regulate
•ivil aoeicly. In deed, it is admitted that tho
blacks of the South arc not only regardless of the
rights of property,'hot so Utterly ignorant of pub
lic affairs that their voting can oonaist iu not hing
more than earrylaga ballot to Ih* plaoe where they
'ar* directed to deposit. I need not remind you
that Ih* exercise of tho oleotivc franchise ia the
highest attribute of an Amerioan citiicn, and that
when guidad by virtue, intelligence, pntrotism, and
a proper appreciation of our free institutions it
constitute* the trua basis of a democratic form of
ft orcrumcnt• in which the tororelgn power is lodged
t the body of tbo people. A trust artificially crea
ted, not for ita own sake, but solely aa a means of
promoting tha general wtirare, ita influence for good
must neossaarily depend upon the elevated charac
ter and true alfegiane* of tha elector. It ought
therefore to be reposed la none except those who
arc fitted, morally and mentally to admiuistcr it
well, for if conferred upon persona who do not just
ly estimate the value, end who aro IndltTvient to
its results, it will only serve aa a means of placing
power In the hands of unprincipled nnd ambitious,
and muat arentuate in the complete destruction of
that liberty of which It should be the most powerful
aonaervator. I have IherrffirS heretofore urgod
upon youratlcntlon thedanger Mo he apprehended
from an untimely extension of tha elective franchise
to any new elaas in our country, especially when
the large majority of that olau, in wielding the
powar thus placed in their hands, cannot ho expect
ed correctly to eompreband the duties nud respon
sibilities which parlain to suffrage. Yesterday, as
It acre, four millions of persona were held in a
condition of slavery thathsd existed for generations;
to-day they ar* frftmeiifi and are aaaumed by law to
ba eUiseds. It cannot be presumed, frem their
previous condition ot servitude, that, as a class,
they ora aa fall informed as lo the nature of our
Government ns the Intelligent foreigner who makes
our land tha homo of bis choice. In the oas* of tha
latter, neither a residence of firo years, and the
knowledge of our Institutions which it gives, nor
attachment to tha principles of the Constitution, are
conditions upon which ha can he admitted
in addition, a good
tor Ih. b.ii.rIhatII.JIWMLWlIli* faX". 1
speak, by thalr suffrages, through Hi* instrumental.
li,orib»0UH.bW.U«Mt ba Mwtolljr «ard*l
anlnal Ikt control of Ihoia whoara corrupt lo rln-
olplo and anamtr. of (Tt* Ipalllullona, for it
only broom* la,our polUloal boil social ay.fem a
taft conductor of btallliy popular aenllmeul when
ktpl from douiorallilng Infiuenoea. Coni rolled,
throuib fraud and usurpation, by Iba draining,
anarchy and doapMlom must Inttjtahly follow.
In iha hands of Iha patroilo nnd woriby
our Qnrornmant will bo nrtt.nad upon Ibo nriaei
pi., of (bo Coutttdtlon tobariled from onr fntttwrw.
tl follow., Ihtraton, that in admililng loibo l,nll„t-
bot antwilaia nf *otoro not qnnllfitd tor iha
aa.rei.a of Iba eltollve franobiw, ww weaken our
ayitam of tof.rnmanl in.lad of adding to In
lhrob|U.*nd durability, I ylad to no ona to ntlaeh-
menl to Ibnt rult of gancrnl auffrag. which dlatln-
gnlibOoonr polUoy no * nation. Dul ibtrt la a
limit, wltuly obprivlloga nnd n Iru.i, and which
require, of iemo olaaro. n lima auliablo for proba-
tioaaad prcparalloo. To gin it Ind apartd, by
f rarioo. habit, and opportunlliro, to perform the
root which It demands, la to dagrada it, and Anally
o destroy lit powers ; for It may bn tafely aaaumed
tbal no pallllbtl Irntk In bettor eainbllabeil than
-la it
rule., which we biud onraeltec tdobfiei
■norniisp Die people- On- only elandai
duly utlhg *cf af nadgiil,- Ihc Llir.l..flcborbf --Mif
va, |iiwwai iwww
•rye, must de-
ilard of civil
iner* pecuniary obligations. The .viaUllon oi
h a pledge as we made oil jhe 22d day of July,
>1, will Purely 1 diminish the rtarVet v*lu# of our
rtfi ......
political morality is 1,011, the public conscience
swings from Us moorings, and Yields to every lm-
puW* of passion and interest. If we repudiate the
(?on«tiluxlon, we will not he expected to care mufti
for inrr* —^
such a pi
lHill, will ifiTrfiy*
other promiidcs. Itesides, lfw« now acknowledge
Ihat His nalioial debt was created, not to hold Iht
States in the I’ulon, ns the tax-payers were led tb
suppose, but to expel them from it and baud them
over to Im governed by the nag roea, tha mor
ni duty to pay it may seem much less dear. I aay
it may *rnn so; for I do uot admit that this or any
oihra iu Kliment in favor of jenudiation can be en
tertained as ncuud; but it* influence on nome class*
es of munis may well be <ipp‘ cheuded. Tha fiuan-
vial honor of a great comm jvolal nation, largely In
debted, and with a repumican form of government
administered by agent*of the popular choice, is a
thing of such delicate texture,, and the destruction
of it would he followed by such unspeakable oalam*
ty, that every true patriot must desire to aroid
what over might expose it to the sllghest danger.
The great lnterasls of Ibr, country reunlfo imme
diate relief from these euactmcuts business In
theHouth is puraliiedby a sense of general inse
curity, by tbo terror of confiscation, and the dread
of uogro supremacy* Tbe Southern trade, from
which the North would have derived ao great a
profit under a government of law, still languishes,
and enu never ho revived until it caaaea to be fet
tered by the arbitrary power whioh make* all ite
operations unsafe. That rich oouatry—the rich tat
in natural resources the world ever eaw—is worse
than lost if it be not soon placed and** the protec
tion of a free Constitution. Instead of being aa it
is it ought to be, a sourer of wealth and power, U
will hccotito an intolerable burden upon tbs rest of
the nation.
Another reason hr retracing onr itaps will
doubtless be scon by Congress in tbo late manifes
tations of public opinion upon this subject. We
live in a country where the popular will always
enforces ohedhuco to itself, sooner or latter. It is
vain to think of opposing it with anything short of
legal authority, barked by overwhelming force. It
cuannt have escaped your nflcntion that from Iha
the only conditions upon whl
that such indiscriminate and all-
slon of popular suffrage t
* destruotii
overthrow and
II oh.”
unbracing oxtaa
kt last in Us
1 repeat (he expression of my w
1 rapes! Ih. .iprsstlon of my wllllnpnws to Join
fo V eskstltnltontl
torthe condition sf
_ ., ensourngtn, them In'
sifrrom.ii. Uul lb* irstifur of oar Million! In-
borltsnoe to thorn woald. It mr opinion, bo aa
nbsaitonmcat of a duly wblob ito owe nliki lo
memory or our htkero and lb* lifiblo of oor <
droa.
Tbo plsn of pullto, lb. Soul hern
aid II - '
htldO
unproplllous.
phytb
R roioL. _
1 MO koMO(*aMunmMs. If tb* iatortor obitiai
Ike ntoondsooy ottr tbo other, It Will aorern with
retonnee oa|y lotto owa laurroto—tortt will ruocp
wist ao oornmna ltS*oo»*r-a»4 cranio tack a lyrnany
ns Ibis eontlnsnt fits aonryet wlintmd. Alrttdy
Iht M|tM sro lalanneod by promitn ofco.fi.cn-
tloa sail plunder. They art taught to h* an enemy
erory wMlo mb who ku.*v raiprct for Ibo right,
ofkl. own'rode. If ihl.oonlltuos It muot broom,
wqrroand woras, until oil ordtrwlll bo subr.rl.d,
sH UduilryeonoO, tnd Ibo toitltofiolds of (hr Sooth
grow up Iqlo * wlldorarot. Ofnll Ibo danger,
wblob- our nstlou ba. yst rneountorad, nous art
•—sal to those wkMS-mqtt result from tko'suoeos. of
tbo.(fort now risking to Africanist Ibo bslf of our
I,w*«H uot pat MMldorotloM of messy ia rota-,
potltlon w|lk Jastlro and right. Bnt tb* nspoa.ro
inoldont lo --UTOMitraettoi" under tb* lytltci
ndoptod by Congroro. nggrotmto whnt I regard ad
tkn Inlrlnsls wrong of tb* '
coot uMoMtod milltoM nln
In wlfil add largely to Ik* might nf tosatlon, already
In, opwtooltn to bo bora* wltb*otJari oomplslnt,
and My finally ndMO tbo Trwoaty of IM notion
lo a conduct nf boukraploy. W« mast not delude
dollars per annnin,
osgrs gotmtttriskt
-nproorory o
‘ ‘ n-
n fjs&m
day mi which ('ougrc-nt fairly and formally prosen
ted i)i,»proposition to govern the Southern Plates
by military force, with a view lo the ultimate cs-
toMi Jimout or negro supremacy, every expression
of the general sentiment has been moro or less ad
verse to it. The affect ions of this generation
cannot tic detached from the institutions of (heir an
ceHiori. Their determination to preserve the in
heritance of u fiee government in their own hands,
nml transmit it undivided und unimpaired to their
oan posterity, ia tnostrwig to bo cncceufully op-
p on oil. Dvcry weaker paSsi.in will disappear be*
fore that love ot liberty and law for wnioh the
Aroeiicutt IVnple arc distinguished above all others
in tho wot id.
How tar the doty of the Pretideni, 11 to presorre,
protect, and defend the Constitution,-’ requires
him to go in opposing an unconstitutional act of
CougreHs, is a vejy aui iou* and important qttaalioR,
on wuich 1 linve deliberated much, and felt ex
tremely anVitHia to roach a proper conclusion.
Wlicrcjan act has been passed accordong to th*
forms or tbe Constitution Ky tbe supremo legislative
authority) and Is rogulnrly enrolled stnqns Hie pob
Itc statutes of the country, Execulire resistanc# to
It, especially in times of high party excitement,
would be likety to ^fodoeo violent collision ba-
twaou the respective adherents of the two branch**
of the Government. Till* would hw simply civil
mart roe*U ctril wax must he resorted to only as the
last remedy for the wont of evil*. Whatever might
tend )<i provoke It slmuld be most carefully avoided.
A faitbrul and confidentioui.Magleltate will eoneeC
very much lo honest error, and aomothtOK even L
perverse malice, beforu he will endanger Ate public
pence; nnd he wllltmt adopt forcible measures or aucb
as might lead lo force as long as those wbo’arepeaca
bio remain open lo him and Ida eonatituenta. li is
tnir that ra<ms may eaeur in which Iba. Exosuflre
would be compelled to stand ou its' rights, and
maintain them, regardless of all eenssquenecs. If
t'ongras!i should pass an aot which is not only in-
palpable conflict pith the Constitution, bnt will
certainly, if carried out, produce Immediate find ir
reparable injury to tbe organic structure of the
Government, it their be neither JudioUl remody for
the wrongs it iuiliots, nor power ib; the people lo
protect thcuiM'lvi'.s without the official aid of their
oleeltd defender; if, for insUnce, tha Legislative
Department should pass an act even through all
the forma of law to abolish % co-ordinate ; depart
ment of the Government—in euch a cos* the Priel<
-dent muat take the high responsibilities of his of-
~ ps-pation Bi
flee, and save the life oft]
The ao-oalledreeonatriiotionaoti,itlMngh
ly unconstitutional as any that can be imagined,
ware not bolieved to be f
Tho paonli were BoLentl..
fence. In all the Northern
in their hands tb« sacr«4 rit * r --w-,
waa unsafe to believt that in due lime they would
come to the rescue of their own InetUatioas. It
gives me pleasure to add that the appeals to oar
common constituents waa not takan In vnip,' and
tkat my confidence in their wisdom and virtu*'
stems not to have been misplaced.
It la well and publicly known that, epormous
frauds have bean perpetrated on the Treasury, and
that oolossal fortunes have been mads at the pub-
llo expanse. This specie* of corruption hat In
creased, ia increasing, and if not diminished irfll
anon bring as into total rnht and disgrace. The
[ mblic creditors and tax-payers are alike interested
H ' ‘ * - -
in an honest administration of tha
neither oloae will long endure thahigh-haafled rob
beries or the recent past. For this discreditable
state of t hlngs there trfi several causes. 8oim of
the taxes are so laid as to present an irresistible
Umptntion to evade payment.-' Th« great sums
which offioore may win by eoaniVMce «t fraud ere-
atenpreasura wh^h is more than tha virtue of
many can withstand; andthdre cln bo no doubt 1
that ^ha open disregard ©fj afl^HUutionaf* ri>ll-
£ it ions avowed by some ef the hlghastand mo«f
fiuential men Ut the country Imcgteitly weaken-
ed the moral sense of those who servo in mbordl
olndlnginSoi-
■lx times as much as they war* seven .year*, ago.
To collect and disburse this vast amount requires
oarefid supervision std eyriadmUc vigilafior The
ay stem never pwfvclca,- wax tfinch disorgan
ised by the “Teuure of offioe Bilh” whisk hu al
most destroyed official accountability. Tho Presi
dent 'ibas b* thorengbly convinosd- that an officer
i* toespahle, divhsaest.oruafsithfal totks Consti-
iltii'ii, but, mnler (he law!wklfih 1 have named, the
utmost ho cun do is to oomplolu to UtsScnat* and
ask the privilege of supplying hie pl*ew with a bet-
ter man. If tiro 8*nato-ber*Cfrd#d personally or
lUtcjdly hostile U tbePreedeht, it fa .natural and
**Us«^«fife*s 0 nMb»r iba|4**t«t*k:l
pect that it will take his pert as far Ox 'possible, re
store him to bh place,.and give him a_ triumph
cm,
Hon as t ho dslinqnentp Uarn td
afs. I am entire!
nit
assigned to him of afting Uml
ted, and that it disahfcs.htlM
nqnentg learnt© think tkvxmslns
ii—ir ’ i« Wm. rife, i •« entirely penhaded that nadfiK Mch a
dlf BwikJ ri*l« the President oiftMt fmUr^ the great duty
• r • • assigned to 1.1m or seeing the lairs faithfully exeou
ted, and Ihat it disahfcs.hHgMMff especially from
enfbrorng tkaljrimd BsoountabiUty which ia nocos-
sory t* the due execution ef lb* revenue laws.
- 'ji^Ottp,yn»D r
ttborvUroyttabOfittMuU. Iro oiiifinrott,i |
0r * nt
ifioli-r' DISPATCHES,
Waihihoton, Dcofinbfr 0,—Imjtoacli-
nu-nt nrguim-Hl nttrncts little ntlontion.
Boiitwolln lino of argument in mainly lo
show that the Committee was right in its
report, though the House ihonid oppose
impeachment. He combats Wiisonts posi
tion that impeachment is nossibto only
on imUctablo offences. Tho impression is
thnt after Wilson’* speech, the wltplo IMP-
ter will be tabled, • M
Macon, Dec. o4The ,Convention (Con-
sorvativc) finislicAltsUhms and adjourned
at eleven thin morning, after adopting a
spirited platform. Tho preamble acknowl
edges our obligations to ndhoro to tho
Union,: *»npUrt «o General Government in
all lcgaVKna proper measurer, nod claim*
from the Oovcrnment due performance oi
tbe reciprocal duty to extend to us, in com
mon will) nil people of tho whole country,
tho protection guaranteed l>y tho Constitu
tion of our fathers; that, manly protest
"MERCER & SMITH,
CORTEX BROAD AKD WASHINGTON STS.
0 ALHANY, OA-
Havu OB hand, and arc tcastanily receiving
A GOOD STOCK OF GOODS.
CoiifliHilng in part ot
Duron, Flour,
Sugar. Coffee,
Salt, Cheer's,
Irish Potatoes,
Tobacco. .Segarii,
Snuff, Potash.
Dickies,
Sardines.
Candles, .Soda, -
' Liquors,
Powder, Shot, -
• Lead, PercnsKlon Caps,
. (follower*, Iron, Nalle,
Plow-Steel, Trsce-oholni, lloes, Plow-lines.
Boris, Shoes, 41Moms, -Tabs, Buoktls, Bsl.ss, A.
HSU The hi,boat msVkot pries paid for all klnfi
produce. 0C |0j
Govormncnt nr untimely interruption of
public harmony. Bilcnce under wrong may
bo construed Into endorsement.
MM,' I. Tiiat w-c recognise tho duty
to sustain law und order, support c'leerfnlly
*11 Constitutiomil meti.urcs of tlio United
NtntOB Government, ami maintain the rights
of all classes under culightciicd liberal laws.
2ud. That tho peoplo ot Georgia ac
cept, In good faith, tbo legitimate results ot
tho fate-war, and renew their expressions of
allegiance to the Union of the states, and
reiterate their determination to maintain
inviolable the Constitution framed by our
fathers.
Srd. We protest dispassionately, yet
firmly, against thcsn-cAlled K (-construction
Acts* of Congress and aguinst vindictive
partisan administration nf these acts, as
wrong in principle, oppressive in action,
and ruinous to the States nf the South, ns
well as hurtlu! lo tho into welfare of every
portion of opr common country, leuding di
rectly, if not.iulentionnily to permanent su
premacy of tlie negro ruco id all the States
whore those laws are enforced.
4. We protest in lijto alririt nnd manner
agaiofit the policy of the dominant party in
Congrefifi, which souk* to. inflict upon tho
Statcrof the South a bad Oovcrnment, as
wrong, not only Inliolh races iu the South,
nnd to the people ofnll parts of the Union,
but a crime ngninsl civilisation and humani
ty, which is the duty ol all right minded
men every where to (iiscounteimneo and con
demn.
4th. That we enter ou record, in the name
and behalf of this State, our solemn protest
against assembling the Convention^ which
we affirm witli ovidous-e kcfoic ns, lioaiieeu
ordered under pretonso nf votes illegally
authorised, forcibly procured, fraudulently
received nud falsely counted ns we lielieve,
and. in view ol the solemn responsibllitiefi
and issues involved, we do hereby declare
that wo wilUgrovcr liold tho wort of fram
ing a Conititutieii liy such authority with
tllP intent lo be forced hy military pOWCI-
ontlio tree people of dd* nuoieiitt.ouimoli-
wcaltli, ns a crime agfiinat onr people, a-
gainst tlie continhanee dfli-e# Gdrerumont;
against the pence of society, against the
purity of UieMlnllot-bnx, ’nud agnhist the
digititg wd oluirneltfr <>>' Fcpj-esonlat iVe in-
stmitions.
nth nnd Tth provide tlie appointment of
a Central Executive C'mnmilleoby tlio I'res-
ideut, to call Conventions of tlio Conserva
tive party when neeosanry, nud to indicate
at tlie proper time, tlm policy best adapted
to promote tlie public good.
bill. ItecomuicudaConscrfrtiyeato organ-,
iso in every county forthwith; 'nud* report
organisation to Executive Committee.
9th. AppointsJlerseliel V. Johnson, A.
M. Chappell, It. II. llill, .W* rren Aiken, T.
L. Gueny, committee to Jircjgvro and publifih
nnnddrcsfi tp thfi people of Georgia and Vhe
UmttfijhStates, (Setting rorili tlie true senti
ments of the whito moo pt this Vtnte, nnd
the deplorujf lo conditions of tho peo|de, and
the rain Which thb enforcement of the lic-
construction Acts will bring on all classes
South. Preamble nnd resolutions unani-
nionsly adopted.
Resolutions were also adopted thanking
the North for support of tho principles of
free Government, at tlie laty elections of the
people of that section, for timely aid in pro
visions, etc., rendered to tlio snfforing peo
ple of this State during the past your. Tlio
Conveution was harmonious, nml adjourned
in the best spirits.
THE MARKETS.
Livssfoos, Deo. C, noon.—Collon opens firm
;aplsnd* 7| d; Orleans 7\. Sales IS,090
Sales for the week 7:1,000, wbe—i 1200 export,
4,000sprouted—, »..s 000, WbfiHof 78,009
AritrMnir
Nsw Oblbasi, Deo. fi—Codon oclteo advanced.
Middling Orleans luj ^,10. Sales 4,500; reoolyt*
0;040; exports 4,197. Snfei of tbs nook 28.900.
Brooipts 23,001; J.oaporbC Sfi,705i stock on band
ao-oos. 0 W .
' Monti,*, Dio. C—Sales (o-dsp 1,800; good
demand: advanced Jo- middling Broolpto
8,070: Cositwlio 8,007; foreign l.COS. Iiroolpia
18,781 ; clock 46,001. —-
- Now Yobk .—Latest—Collon advanced. Sates
4,fi0017(?17fcT«sMl»7| l *
Satansah, Dm «k—fled** active, sdesnotog.
Sates 1,689- middlings IS).
Beosi;
——5l»l Mfitket Rcpurts,
NIGHT DISPATCHES.
gf TquOJoyjL^i, to—CpUon Demand
of evidrnesa, die mode of Invoulgnllng It; nnd’uft ‘ LiriMeoi, Doe. 8, II a m,—Codon • scllre, ad
--'- Lv ■ ibnnood. Bale* 12,0V Ur* (ft
i^lEOfi
EORQIA. WOU
iff concorn:
—J coneern ; ^,
M. Holamoo. nnd Bufita F<frD, hasitig, ib
■ -w.roro.wro. to..*. S'Utttt CWU, MftVIDg, 10
10 for P«rii*n«»t letter* ol
tdminiitrxiion on Ih* **t*t* of Robert G. Ford,
1*l* of ■xW coHutjr, dee d, tMa fcHo «*• all *b4
'luKular, rhe cr* iitorx end next of kin of Robert
i Papa nna'.l fins hn .w.1 — — — — — . m .
of pr<
BYINGTON HOTEL,
Cherry Street, » -o-;. Id noon, On
. Tbo oubnoribor haring Bund up hts Homo
wtlk entire new Furniture in
The Most Elegant Style,
Guarantees to bis old patrons snd Ihspubllogen
erally, that (bey will dud Ibo accommodation,
squat (o any hotel
IN THE STATE,
call and «*• me.
1. L, Byington.
ol 10 no DO
8mo.
WINDOW GLASS,
(ALT. S1ZBS.)
Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes.
And Complete Stock
Paintei\s’ Materials
—AT—
Welch's Cornet:.
DO YOU SMOKE?
_ — Jp those FI
'THAT TOBACCO 1 evurybody
'£ atill keep those FINK C10AR3 and
,1. 'TUA-I* XOltACCO- evurybody
brags ou who usro. MRRSCIMUM 1‘II'ES, which
we warrant geuuiiia, from $0 lo 940 each; Dm-
' un Smoking Tohacoo, nnd otbar lino brnnde.
L. B. A H. K. WELCH, Druggioto.
tar Por^alo by
Id. K.dfc • E. AVelcIi,
Agent*, Albany, Ga.
July 13, 1807. -fi
Medical Liquors.
o
UR Imported Liquor* are warranted'pur*, and
M good jnean be-hought In tke market:
Pine French Uranily,
Scotch 1Vhi*ky,
Old Port'Wine,
Madeira (fine,
Qln, .. . v c. •
B*R Nog, |
Bt. Crola Rum,
Old Bourbon Whieky,
.Sherry Wirffc,
Claret Wine,
Behnappe,
Ae., Ac., Ae.
L. E. A H. E. WELCH, Droggiai*.
NEW*
Partisan Life with Meaby.
Mubtback** Higloricai .N’otcIn.
Loniaa of Priiaxia anti her time*.
Frederick, Th* Great and iiU Family,
m •* « •• •• Court.
Tbe Merobant of Berlin.
Berlin and Ban* Rouei.
Joseph the II. and Hie Cotitt.
Henry the VIII. and Ilia Court*
Tbe last chronica) of Barsel—By Trollope.
. Raymond’* Heroine—A Novel.
Diavola-bBy M. K. Brandon. '
—AL80-
Htandanl Literature.
Blood nnd Thunder Novel*.
N*w School Book* and Slntlenery.
fl^. Any Hook put ill abed promptly ordered for
euatomer*.
L. E. WF.fdCH A CO.,
Booxvrilera and Jevaler*.
_
GOLD B1KDAL SUfiRRY
PORT AND MADEIRA
iiarv:^
WHEA*f
.. . OLDHOMlE&l-fAD'RTX.
x Fok FAfiouV Jmp JRifmpm*■•
In addition to oue business of aolliBg Win#*, tt,,
In original paekagro, and in order to inauro to ana-
toman Pur* Llquon in a compact nnd oonwroirot
form, wo oommoued tbo oulerprito. of bottling sad
packing to caw war Wat) koowmlfUto*, Brottdiea,
tvbtaktaa, fia./ nwd Kara robl Ihna’rol la a riyl*
thnt would prootwd* Ibo porotbilily of their balag
tomprind wltb before raaob lag .»* put
goDcreLnp'preoiatlon aad gratuplag
baa rewarded owr effort t ban .scow __
malnlniu Iho standard aa ragarda qwtily, niri to.
aanttf iqeraaaed afforio to retain, th# con«4
patronage which baa been to liberal y
jsgsoxAftaa.W.rs
Gowrce.
7 flmithrtll*. ifia 0*.