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I,
pis
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£11\|
To MOTHERS.
\ve ARE .asserting in the courts our eight to
THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE WORD “ CASTORIA," AND
“PITCHER’S CASTORIA,” AS OUR TRADEMARK.
DR. SAMUEL PITCHER, of Hyannis 3 Massachusetts,
the originator of “CASTOR I A,” the same that
owe and does nonf bear on every
fiu jac-simile signature of wrapper.
Jhis is the original “CASTO R! A” which has been used in
Ike hones of the Mothers of America for over thirty years.
LOOK CAREFULLY at the wrapper and see that it is
ye hind you have always bought on the
~~iias the signature of wrap-
No one has authority from me to use my name except
flic Centaur Company, of which Chas. II. Fletcher is President
torch 24,1398. ^ J
ncr.
Do Not Es Deo
eivecL
\)o not endanger the life of your child by accepting
a cheap substitute which some druggist may offer you
(because he makes n few more pennies on it), the in
gredients of which &/C11 he does not know.
“ The Kind You Have Always ^ v
BEARS THE SIGNATURE OF
. Insist on Having
The Kind That Never Failed Yon.
TMC Ctt'TAUR COMI*JUI)u .TTi MUA&AY STREET, HEW YORK CITY.
ST OIOUTH IN
|The Spring 1 Planted Oat Crop
Suffers Greatly.
WHEAT NOT BB UNLUCKY
fcspe
|“n
fill
lae
onimissioner VresMt-t RevitvTS the
Agricultural Conditions In au Inter
esting Letter bo Georgia Ftermers
bd Once More Points Out the Im-
lortance of Thorough F»epara>t&n.
Department of Agriculture,
Atlanta, July 1, 1S9&.
THE OAT CROP.
The drouth which has prevailed fosr
ral v.-ceks throughout the state is
to he the most severe known, at
season of the year, for 20 years,
ne wheat crop, which is much heavier
;han usual, escaped with comparatively
lie injury, but the oat crop, particji-
ly the spring planted fields, and more
Tally those in -which the seed were
ielesslv put in and imperfectly fertib
has suffered severely—in some sec-
lonsof the styte may he denominated a
tal failure. We need mo better illus-
ation of the importance of thorough
ireparation and fertilization than is
"orded by the yields of this crop
oughout the state. The results of
e long continued drouth have most
lly confirmed the oft repeated asser-
that successful cropping depends,
great measure, oa thorough prepara-
of the soil before the seed are put
It has been fully demonstrated that
te take the precaution of providing a
" stored reservoir in a deeply pre-
d seed bed, then when the demand
moisture comes, and the growing
tots begin to droop for lack of neees-
ry rain from above. Mother Nature
come to op.r rescue, and through
power of capillary action will pump
P f r oin the reserve supply, "sybick we
avejdpred in lower depths, the life*
yin 8> ESUviiyang moisture g£> necei*
n? for plant growth. Here we hayfi
^ the manner in
hich the intelligent farmer may, on
'Q very brink of failure, wrest
SUCCESS .
om adverse circumstances. If he has
tndied nature’s laws he knows that
hen the upper soil becomes dry, if
ere is a reserve supply of moisture
in the subsoil, the power of capil-
action will draw it to the surface.
: at his knowledge must not stop here.
^ must also have learned that it is iin-
^siole tc keep this moisture in rea^li
the growing plants if a crust is al-
ttea to form and remain on the sur-
f When that crust remains and is
broken, no power can prevent the
, A a P® ra tion of the moisture which comes
the surface through the capillary
*8. It is the farmer’s province and
r VUe ge to so break up these tubes that
^ m °i8ture may be held in check and
Fff of the growing plants long
Prc* • or *hem to absorb its life giving
int/wu ies ^ )e ^ ore they become dissipated
- J ta e atmosphere. To do this he
constant
| k SHALLOW CULTIVATION
tcP a thin muleh of finely pulverized
^ ac ^ 0 ^ s P rea d over his fields. The
Wr thoroughly understands the
lliow tanCe °" this principle will never
B L\ cnist to remain on his land
toan he can run a shallow, broad
ow to break it up. The need of this
accentuates the importance
l^^o^tting plows and expanding
JULY
Itont?"» been oahed the “pivotal
eini’i because if the work is not
x ‘‘T planned and adjusted much of
‘W 10US e ^ ort will count for naught.
*tEha ln ^ by” our crops we should re
ft^ - r t f aat the network of delicate
i tK? sfc beneath the surface perme-
■eag ; > eutlre field and that we should
5 eiul to uvoid injuring these as
a ar(jv«ir. the br'iRkiucce.nd tear-
pored
mg of the leaves and sfiaiSs above the
ground.
DURATION OF CULTIVATION.
.Plowing at this season should be reg
ulated very much by the habits .and
condition of the different crops. For
instance, work in the bite maturing;
iarge growing varieties of cotton may
reease sooner than in the shorty limbed,
.early maturing kinds, because when the
growth of these large varieties is thus
checked they begin to take on fruit,
■which they would not do to the same
j exusit if "their luxuriant leaf growth
•were encouraged by continued cultiva-
fciosi. On the other hand,if the sma llerand
Quicker maturing varieties are develop
ing favorably, a shallow center furrow,
even well into .August, will be of bene
fit. We should always keep in mind
that the object of plowing at this sea
son is not to break the soil to any depth,
1 inch is enough, but. to keep down any
incipient weeds or grass, to check evap
oration and to promote the access of air
to the plant roots.
OTHER WORK FOR THE MONTH.
Feas for forage may be sown until
the last of July, and if encouraged by
an application of acid phosphate and
potash, will store up in the soil for our
future use the third and most important
as well as most expensive element of
plant food—nitrogen. As we have time
and opportunity we should also decide
on our fall campaign, what crops we
will plant and what fields apportion to
each one. Any successful
SYSTEM OF ROTATION
must recognize certain fixed laws. The
most important of these is that crops of
like growth and habits, extracting
the same elements of plant food
from the soil, in similar proportions,
should not follow each other, but should
be succeeded by those which, while de
manding the same elements, will absorb
them under different conditions and in
different proportions, thus in a measure
equalizing the draught upon the re
sources of the soil. In considering the
FALL CROPS RYE
should be given att important place. It
not only furnishes firstclass green food
for the cold months, but as a renovator
and accumulator of humus, can
not bb too highly prized. It is
hardy, and besides performing the
above important offices, it acts
as a stay to the winter floods, which
otherwise rush over our Imre fields.
September i# early enough to sow any
of these fall grain crops, but July is
Hone too early to plan for our wheat,
oats and rye fields. A pea stubble is a (
firstclass beginning for either wheat or
oats, as both demand a full supply of
nitrogen. If rye is sown on the pea
stubble it continues the work of reno
vation begun by the pea crop, and when
turned under in the spring lays the
foundation for bounteous crops of either
corn or cotton.
R. T. Nesbitt, Commissioner.
and m some places it lias oeen difficult
to get water for any purpose. Of course
the crop has* suffered more or loss under
these circumstances, and will be un
doubtedly cut off to a considerable
extent. The fields, however, have been
well worked and are clean and in good
condition, and with abundant and im
mediate rains, Middle and North Geor
gia may still make good crops.
OATS.
This crop has been a disappointment
to those who planted in the spring, the
want of rain rendering the crop, in
man)' cases, worthless. Fall planted
oats did very well, as a rule, though
they would have turned out better with
more rain in April. I. again advise
farmers to plant at least half of their
cat crops in the early fall. The chances
•of their being winter-killed are less
than the chances of the spring cats
being ruined by a dry A ay.
. WHEAT.
This crop has been harvested, threshed
and I hope sold. In many years the
.state has not made a better or more
abundant crop, and I trust that the
farmers of the wheat section of Georgia
will feel encouraged by this year’s ex
perience to engage still more largely in
its cultivation. Since harvesting com
menced the price has steadily dropped,
but I trast that the wheat growers of
Georgia received not less than $1 a
bushel for Lheir crops.
MINOR CROPS,
such as corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes,
rice, etc., have all felt the bad,effects of
a hot, dry spring. General and abund
ant rains are required all over the state
to bring these crops out so that an aver
age yield may be expected. Gardens
and pastures have been badly injured in
every county in the state. Recent
•showers have ^caused a little improve
ment in both, but general and heavy
rains are necessary to bring about any
marked improvement.
FRUIT.
Peaches and watermelons are being
marketed, and the prospect is good for
an abundant crop of each. Watermelons
so far are small, for want of rain.
Peaches will be small also for the same
reason, and because of overbearing.
The berry crops have all been injured
by dry weather. Grapes promise to be
abundant. Apple crop poor.—State
Agricultural Department.
INQUIRY BOX FOR MONTH.
CONDITION OF THE CROPS.
Dry Weather Injures Corn and Cotton
Is Somewhat Retarded.
COTTON.
Throughout the state the cotton fields
are well worked and free from grass.
The stands are fairly good and the
plants as a rule healthy. On account of
the dry spring the growth has been
somewhat retarded, and the weed is not
as large as it should be at this date. No
reports of lice or other insect enemies as
yet, and with plenty of rain for the next
six or eight weeks the crop may turn
out well. The cotton plant needs but
little rain in the earlier stages of its
growth, but as it takes on fruit abun
dant moisture is required for its proper
growth and development, and a further
continuation of the dry weather of the
past six weeks would prove almost
ruinous.
CORN.
This crop has been injured by the dfy
weather, particularly so in the southern
portion of the state. The rains have
been very partial, some localities being
favored with an average fall, while oth
ers in the same neighborhood have seri
ously suffered. There has been no gen
eral, heavy rainfall covering the entire
#tate, during the year; consequently
rivers have been low, ’ branches and,
creeks have dri?.d tun wells have.,;failed.
Tbe State Agricultural Department
Replies to Questions.
Question.—I would like to know
something more about vetches. Some
time ago I read your article on this sub
ject, and as I wish to experiment a lit
tle on this line I write to ask if it is
advisable to sow now, or would it be
best to wait until fall? If we can get a
certain crop that will give us green food
m the late winter and early spring one
difficulty that the farmer has to con
tend against will be overcome, and if
this can be done with a nitrogen gath
ering crop, which will at the same time
benefit the laud, farming at the south
will have made a long step forward. *
Answer. — In the^ southern states
vetches should be sown in the late sum
mer or early fall. The hairy vetch i9
preferred for our climate and should be
sown from the middle of August to the
middle of September, according to sea
sons. Spring vetches seem more par
ticularly suited to northern latitudes,
indeed, have proved a signal failure in
our climate. Hairy'vetch will stand a
good amount of cold and drouth, but it
does not like a damp soil—any excess of
water is very injurious to it and it
seems to prefer a sandy soil. At
the Mississippi Experiment Station
heavy annual crops have been realized
from a peice of land sown in 1888, which
has never been reseeded. Stock is
taken off and cuttings cease in March,
the plants mature and scatter their seed
over the ground, which begin to germi
nate with the first fall rains. If the
crop is intended to be cut for forage and
is sown broadcast, about a bushel of
winter oats, or rye or wheat should be
sown at the same time. These will
furnish a support for the vines and pre
vent them from trailing on the ground.
The difficulty of cutting the crop prop
erly will thus be obviated. When cut
for hay the plants should be in full bloom.
The kidney vetch is another variety,
which is recommended for poor, thin cal
careous or very sandy soils, which will
not support clovers or better forage crops,
but from the result of experiments with
Q
|t It cannot be reocsnmesided as nM
Value. The hairy vetch, however, has
* high indorsement. Stock ace very
fond of it. It has a high feeding value.
It may be cured for bay, or pastured,
and is a most excellent plant for soiling.
When once fairly established it with
stands drouths and extremes of temper
ature. Most of the seed are imported
from Europe and as yet are high priced,
which is the chief present difficulty in
the way of its general introduction. Its
cultivation is, however, increasing, and
we hope to see the day when the much
needed green crop, to fill up the hiatus
between late winter and early spring,
will be found in the vetches of which
so little is now generally known. We
would like to know the result of your
experience if you decide to try the ex
periment this fall.—State Agricultural
Department.
Sorghum as a Forage Plant.
Question.—Is sorghum a good plant
for feeding green, and for making hay ?
If so what variety would you recom
mend, and how to plant and save ?
Answer.—Sorghum is a most excel
lent forage plant to feed either green or
to save as hay. It does best on rich,
loamy soils, but will do well
on any soil that will produce fair crops
of corn or cotton. Prepare the land
well, and bed as you would for cotton
in 8% feet rows, using from 300 to 400
pounds of a complete fertilizer. About
cotton planting time open a shallow fur
row and drill the seed—from a half
bushel to three pecks to the acre. Cul
tivate shallow and often. When grown
for forage it is not necessary to thin
cut, though thinning is very essential
when the scrrhiuu is prown fer syrup
making. The “Early Amber” and
“Minnesota Early Amber” are excellent
varieties, as are also the “Early Orange”
and “Kansas Orange.”
Sorghum will do better on thin soils,
and will stand drouth better than corn.
For making hay, cut soon after it begins
to bloom and put up in small shocks
until cured. For feeding green, cutting
should be begun as soon as the plants
begin to form heads. Stir the ground
with a cultivator or plow immediately
after harvesting a crop, and the sorghum
will continue to grow and make a
second and third cutting. Feed but
little at first, increasing the amount
day by day, until the stock become ac
customed to it. — State Agricultural
Department.
About ^ubsoiliug.
Question.—Is it not injurious to laud
to subsoil at this season? I am a young
farmer, but I have always heard that it
was dangerous to bring the clay to the
surface after the late fall or early
winter.
Answer.—You are under a misappre
hension as to the meaning of subsoil
ing. This is not a turning of the clay
to the surface, but it is the breaking up
of the subsoil at the bottom of the fur
row, and leaving it iJyere. This may be
done by following, in the bottom of the
furrow, which is made by an ordinary
plow, with a long narrow “scooter,” or
a “bull tongue. ” Or it may be accom
plished with one furrow, made by a
subsoil plow, constructed especially for
this purpose. In either case it is simply
breaking up the lower soil, which is
not reached by an ordinary plow. This
plan will expose it to the action of the
air, will drain it of surplus water or
make it more retentive of necessary
moisture, and by thus increasing its
porosity or powers of absorption will
not only regulate the moisture for the
use of crops, but will bring into service
its heretofore locked up and insoluble
elements of plant food.—State Agri
cultural Department.
Bean Rust.
Question.—Last year my beans were
attacked by a disease, which my neigh
bors called bean rust. When I discov
ered the trouble it was too late to pre
vent the damage. It seemed to be more
on the pods than anywhere else, al
though a large per cent of the leaves
eventually became affected. The little
round spots first appeared on the pods
when about half grown and the pods
turned dark and seemed to shrink up
around those spots. Sometimes they
were pink and again red. If there is
any way of preventing this I want to
begin in time this year. What is the
disease, and is there any remedy ?
Answer.—The disease which you de-
•cribe is anthracnose, and the best pre
ventive after the beans are planted is
WAR-TAX NOTICE.
By virtue of an act of Congress, passed June 13, 1898, on ami'
after July 1, 189S, etich and every person signing a check on any'
bank must place upon said check a two-cent stamp, and write upon-
said stam'p his or her initials, with the date of signing check. Unless
this is done, the banks are not allowed to pay the check, hut must
refuse payment. Under the law the hanks cannot stamp the checks
themselves, even though they should desire to do %o, but are pun
ishable by fine and imprisonment for paying check without stamp,
or for putting on stamp for a customer.
Every person signing check without stamp is also subject to a
fine. A two-cent postage stamp may be used until re veil lie stamps
are obtained. Stamps can be obtained at the post-office or tit any of
the banks in Gainesville.
“Bank check, draft, or certificate of deposit not drawing interest*
or order for the payrnent of any sum of money, drawn upon or issued
y any ba nk, trust company, or any person or persons, companies*
or corporations at sight or on demand, two cents.”
Following are the sections covering the stamp tax:
\
Sec. 9. That in any and all cases where an adhesive stamp shall be used
for denoting any tax imposed by this act, except as hereinafter provided, the
person using or affixing the same shall write or stamp thereupon the initials of
his name and the date upon which the same shall be attached or used, so that
the same may not again be used.
Sec. 10. That if any person or persons shall make, sign, or issue, or cause
to be made, signed, or issued, or shall accept or pay, or cause to be accepted or
paid, with design to evade the payment of any stamp tax. any bill of exchange,
draft, or order, or promissory note for the payment of money, liable to any of
the taxes, imposed by this act, without the same being duly stamped, or having
thereupon an adhesive stamp for denoting the tax hereby charged tbereon, he,
she, or they shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction
thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars, at the
discretion of the court.
Bordeaux mixture, with which the plants
should be sprayed. But a better pre
ventive still is to plant only bright
plump seed. As the disease lives in the
seed from one season to another, all
seed should be carefully examined and
only the perfectly sound ones used. All
which are shriveled or imperfect should
be rejected.—State Agricultural Depart
ment.
Handling Late Potatoes.
Those who have rather late ground
on which potatoes are to be planted will
find it worth while to sprout the seed
now. Merely set them in a warm,
light place and let them send out shoots
about 3 inches long. As soon as the
ground can be worked plant the pota
toes, handling them carefully, so as not
to break off the shoots, allowing one
| sprout to each piece ©I seed. In this
way potatoes can he raised ©n late land
as soon as on early land by the ordinary
method.-*-Exchange.
Chemical Weed Destroyer.
Professor Sbutt of the experiment
farms at Ottawa, Canada, recommends
the following very simple compound for
destroying weeds and grass: Two
pounds of sulphate of copper, or blue
vitriol, and 6 gallons of hot water. Dis
solve §nd apply as a spray, or through
an ordinary sprinkling pot.
No other preparation has ever done
so many people as much good as Hood’s
Sarsaparilla. America’s greatest med,
icine.
WAR HAS BEEN DECLARED!
And you want to keep posted and watch every development.
Therefore,
We Make a Special Offer for a Short Time.
WE WILL SEND YOU
* «
TheCrackerand The Weeklytonslitution
Both One Year for $1.25.
/
This offer entitles you to a guess at the cotton crop of 1896-97,
and a chance to win A PRIZE OF $1,000, which The Constitu tion
offers to the person sending in the correct or nearest to the correct
guess.
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