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WEEU AS FOOD.
IS “THE STAFF OF
in BRAZIL.
»<.<!« *■*»»»•
Brazil, writes Fannie B. Ward m
* Washington Star, mandioca is
I cr « as wheat and corn in
1 CD xr.i much in use and after all that
¥ ifcaid the United States,
k b0 about coflee, cotton sugar,
:, ber o-old and diamonds it is
dia r production, for by it
L k m nst o'live important Not only is it a very
F F P ab hle .® P article of export-in and farina—but the shape it
P ^’article anowroot jndes
Kn of food as P eDS1 -
’
° the average Brazilian as potatoes
&e ‘ ti,ta«»rbeef Mexican. to the It Englishmm w fouod
S to the form
every J Brazilian table in some
P on meal, not only m va
L° other at every palatable dishes,
wholesome and
ut it figures largely in greasy, garacy
Rrne nuns and in the everlasting olla podrida
seca (dried meat) sliced together
f ith lar d, beans, cr«<j ams, seeds and good
knows w at. In the form of
less majority of the popu
purse flour a around in
Ltion £ US6 it the year
- thick to . *
of bread. Made into a
Lndtre Leaned it is eaten at It all is the times. sole diet Babies of
on it.
invalids in Brazilian hospitals. A mild
[toxicant is distilled from it which is
heun iversal drink of the lower classes,
bd it appears in no end of strange cul
Ury messes, whose other ingredients
L aa unguessable conundrum, The
e indigenous Brazil, has
lant which is to
larious local names, mandioca being the
lost [ieutitic common and jatropha It is manihot also called its
appellation. maniac and mandiac, and
hicca, cassava,
L s ea ten by the Indians centuries before
[e discovery of this hemisphere by
iuropeans. The wonder is that those
Dtutored savages learned its nutritious
ses, because in its natural state it is
eadlv poison, containing so much hydro
yanic acid that thirty drops of the clear
lice will kill a man in six minutes. The
rt of rendering it innoxious and fit for
tod was, next to the potato, the most
Valuable gift of the aboriginal Snath
Lmerican to the civilized world, and one
riiich reflects no small credit on the
■onors, because hacl it not been accom¬
panied [inversion by information on its culture and
into the “staff of life” (the
[suit ients) of their attention own would primitive exped¬ have
no ever
teen paid to the poison weed.
I A cultivated field of this queer shrub
*oks like a nursery of young peach
tees, T’ae plants grow about five feet
Jith Sigh, the stem long-pointed of each being isolated, the
a few leaves at
Ip, [sprout and a bud or projecting nucleus of
occurring at nearly every inch
r ibit the otherwise naked stem.’ Dig down
and you will find a cluster of ir
igular-shaped tubers resembling very
( irge, long parsnips, five or six to the
|r lant, weighing all together twenty-five
Item thirty pounds. The roots only are
When a field has been reaped
pe bur stems are chopped into pieces about
inches long, and these are planted.
Ibey boots quickly take root, sending forth
from the buds, and in two years
lature a new crop.
The Indian mode for preparing the
pots for food, in vogue nobody knows
|ow many centuries before the first
jpaniard ountry, has or Portuguese came to the
never been much improved
Ipon, though modern machinery has
pmewhat shell, shortened the process. With
or a rude rasp mode by setting a
mall, sharp stone into a bit of bark,
be Toots were scraped into a fine pulp.
■he pulp was then rubbed between stones
mlil all the poisonous juice was squeezed
mt and the remaining moisture evapor
ted by exposure to the fire or to the hot
roken in. Curing into the drying it is stirred or
coarse grains, and this is
jriaa heruril or Brazilian. mandioca flour, The the bread of the of
“-erior savages
eat the dry flour, tossing it into
he mouth wirh the fingers so deftly that
ot a grain is lost. Travelers say that
’hite men have often tried to perform
e Same feat, but always powder their
°'-hes and faces, to the infinite amuse
Mat of the Indians. The Portuguese
,°od invented mills for preparing man
L? ca > not unlike Yankee cider presses,
r'th them the modus operaadi is first to
F as h the roots and remove the rind, and
pen »nntaci, to hoid with the pieces in the hand . in
a circular pulverizing grater revolved by
* ater power. The material
® placed iu sacks, several of which
Us are subject to the action of
:rew a
, press for the expulsion of the
1 N‘J, : it is hung
or up iu loosely woven
)d f °i palm fiber suspended from
l0 witha a
‘e, weight at the lower end of
he 0a ?, which brings
ne a pressure upon
? ul P- The mass thus solidified is
tine iu mortars and then trans
eriea to °pen ovens or concave plates,
eater beneath and stirred constantly
ntil thoroughly dry. When properly
; ' areu farina is very white and
ecL' ,. 11 incoarse
c 1 ’ particles which, sub
t0 a second pulverizing process,
[ V / T;e tbe “ ar rowroot” of commerce.’
01sc °°i-9 juice is carefully preserved
ift^ n tS, Wbere it; de
P osits a fine sediment
. aQ ding few
7 ’ riute -; substance a hours, and this
' is
e Ver ritious—the not only harm
*>ii t 7- Wa Y nut the tapioca, so
t 6 C V liized nr worhl, culinary line all over
ir , r _ . one of Brazil’s im
t 7‘' mic5ea of export.
ipLoLr °l, Indiaas preparing Believed it that the
was very un
i a a therefore the work
was con-
fined to the old women of each tribt,
(mothers-in-law and others whose lives
were considered of little value), who
fortified themselves with various charms
and incantations, and every day before
beginning ate the flower of the rehambi
and the root of the ceruca, “to strength,
en the heart and stomach.” The Portu¬
guese, who came afterward, relegated
the work mostly to slaves, in buildings
erected on purpose, where it was least
likely to occasional accidental harm. It
is said that the poisonous juice, if al¬
lowed to stand a few days, generates a
small white insect, which in itself is even
more deadly, and from time immemorial
has been made a medium of murder by
putting it into food, jealous lovers thus
disposing of their sweethearts, servants of
their masters, and many a refractory slave
has been made an “example” of, to the
terror of his companions, by being com¬
pelled to drink a portion of mandioca
juice in public, where his dying agonies
might be witnessed. I ought to have
mentioned before that there is one
variety of mandioca—net the most com¬
mon kind, however—which contains no
poisonous substance. It is the sweet
cassava or yucca, called “apim” (tnani
hot aipim), whose roots are eaten raw,
boiled or roasted, and are but little in¬
ferior to the South American potato
(which, by the way, is not at all like the
cultivated potato which hasbeeu evolved
from it in other countries), similar iu
taste to the large Italian chestnut. It
has the further advantage of requiring
only eight months to ripen, instead of
eighteen or twenty, but it cannot be
converted into farina or tapioca and is
worthless as an article of commerce.
Though often experimented upon, no
means has ever been devised for preserv¬
ing the crude root more than twenty-four
hours, and the slightest moisture spoils
the flour. Those who depend upon it
for their chief food supply manage to
keep it from harvest to harvest by slic¬
ing the roots under water and drying
them hard as rocks before a fire. When
required for use they are grated to fine
powder, which, being beaten with water,
looks like cream of almonds. Another
way is to macerate the roots until they
become as putrid as prime Dutch cheese,
then hang it up to be smoke-dried; and
this, when pounded in a mortar, makes
the very wffiitest and most delicate
farina.
WISE WORDS.
Genius very much resembles lack of
sense.
Too many men honor women and
abuse their wires.
The man who lose3 his temper in an
argument fights with his left hand.
Every man in love wishes he had curly
hair and could play a guitar and sing.
Every woman imagines that every
other woman gets a new dress every
week.
A man’s mind is a scrap book, and the
tough things he pasted iu it when he
was young never fade.
After a man gets old he begins to
wonder if anybody in the world besides
himself tells the truth.
The fellow who tells everybody what
they ought to do never seems to realize
that he talks too much.
Life may not be worth living, but no
one has ever come back to prove that
death is worth rushing into.
There is enough stuff in the big hat
worn by a girl of six to make tea of the
size worn by the girl of twenty-six.
When anyone gives a boy a nickel his
mother always says: “What do you
say?” He never thinks of it himself.
When you hear it said that a man is a
good man, it is a sign that the other side
of the story is not known everywhere.
There is a punishment for every
pleasure. There never was an apple tree
that didn’t have switches growing on
it.
As a rule either the wife goes away
for a few weeks’ pleasure or else it is the
husband. You will seldom find a couple
so devoted that they go together.—
Atchison (Kan.) Globe.
A Country ol Reptiles.
A Scotchman who has lately traveled
extensively in Australia say3 that it is a
great reptile country. “I have traveled,
he said, “in almost every country and I
j have never found a land that went ahead
of Australia for suakes, lizards and
! frogs. There arc some sixty-five species
of snakes in that country, of which forty
two are venomous and twelve positively
dangerous. There are forty or fifty
I different kinds of frogs, embracing every
variety from a common tree frog to a
large green variety with blue eyes and a
gold back, making a wonderful showing
of color as he hops about. There are
probably forty kinds of lizards, of which
twenty belong to a class known as night
lizards, many of which hibernate. One
species can utter a cry when hurt or
alarmed, and another kind, the frilled
lizard, can lift its fore leg3 and hop
about like a kangaroo. The monitor, or
I forked-tongued lizard, burrows iu the
earth, climbs and swims and grows to a
length of nine or ten feet. The crocodiles
! of Queensland, however, grow toa length
sometimes of forty feet. Some of the
1 Australian species of lizards can change
their color not only from light to dark,
but from gray to red. All kinds of
| turtles are caught. I saw one caught
there that was ten feet in length.”
----
The Chinese gardeners are the most
expert fruit growers m the world.
CURIOUS CURIOS.
A dwarf residing at Skigaken, Osaka,
is 36 years old and but 17 inches high.
He is well educated and earns a liveli¬
hood by teaching penmanship.
The total acreage of Scotland is 18, —
94G,GS4. Of this comparatively small
landed area one nobleman owns 1,326,
000 acres and his wife 149,879 acres
more.
Extraordinary prices w re paid at the
sale of the Comtesse d’Avon’s collections
in Paris last month. A piece of tapestry
after Watteau realized $25,200.
The condor soars higher than any
other bird, spending nine-tenths of its
time floating iu the raritied atmosphere
of three miles above sea level.
A woman 90 years old died and was
buried recently at Winston, N. C. Her
burial shroud was the dress iu which she
was married 70 years ago.
The British general elections are never
held on one or the same day, because an
elector has the right to cast a ballot in
every district in which he owns property.
Alhazen, an Arabian, born in the year
1000 A. D., first taught the present
theory of vision, and explained xvhy we
see but one picture of an object with
our two eyes.
Professor Douglass has succeeded in
manufacturing minature cyclones and
tornadoes by means of electricity, thus
proving the electrical character of the
“prairie terrors.”
The evidence obtained from the three
enumerations of 1872, 1881 and 1892
tends to show that the hill and forest
tribes of India are gradually being in¬
corporated into Hinduism.
John McDarby of Salmon Falls, Mass.,
has double teeth all around, and a
stomach which doesn’t rebel when be
chews and swallows glass, stones and
other indigestibles.
In 1774 Maskelyne, the astronom f?
royal of England, first calculated the
weight of the earth. The weight, as
estimated in an encyclopedia is 6,000,
000,000,000,000,000,000 tons.
The United States manufactures Go, 000
hats every day, while England manufac¬
tures about 40,000. The largest hat
manufactory in the world is the Brus¬
sels, which turns out 10,000 hats a day.
It is predicted that in the course of
time northern Thibet will become a sec¬
ond California, perhaps even richer than
the first in precious metals lyiDg in the
soil over the vast surface of the desert
land.
African travelers tell us that the white
rhinoceros frequently dies from eating
poisonous plants, which have no effect
on the black ones, probably because the
fine scent of the latter tells him it is dan¬
gerous.
Sometimes s porcupine will remain in
a hemlock tree a week at a time, hug¬ feed¬
ging close to the trunk at night and
ing during the day. This curious little
beast is the only known living thing that
eats the foliage of the hemlock.
The soldering of aluminum, which
has long been a difficult problem, has
been recently solved. By sprinkling chloride
the surface to be soldered with
of silver, and melting down, the solder¬
ing is effected simply and satisfactory.
The ancient Egptians believed that iron
was the bone of Typhon, the enemy of
Osiris, and for this reason it was consid¬
ered impure. No one could make use of
it even for the most ordinary requirements
of life without polluting his soul.
How War is Declared.
So far as this country is concerned, we
can declare war only by a bill approved passed by by
both houses of congress and
the president. That would take some
time, but as soon as the bill was a law wo
could begin hostilities. Of course all
other countries do not require such par¬
liamentary preliminaries to a declaration
of war; so that a country could declare
war by actually beginning hostilities.—
New York Sun.
Being Pushed out of a Job.
An old time English paiish clerk was
much aggrieved because the new rector,
a young man with modern ideas, asked
all the congregation to join in the left re
ponses. I . They’ll soon be no work
for the eburch clerk to do,” he grumbled,
“if all the women and brats be allowed
to take the word out of a man’s mouth.”—
New Yo:k Tribune.
Gold Bullion
Is attractive, but its hue in the skin and eye¬
balls is repulsive, and indicates biliousness, a
malady, however, easily remediable with Hos
tetter’s Stomach Bitters. Nausea, sick head¬
ache, pains through the right side and shoulder
blade are manifestations of liver complaint,
dismissable with the Bitters, which also ban¬
ishes malaria, rheumatic and kidney com¬
plaints, nervousness and constipation.
The first volume of Indian tales from the
pen of Cooper appeared when the author
was thirty.
Pure and Wholesome Quality
Commends to public approval the California
liquid laxative remedy, Syrup of Figs. It is
pleasant to the taste and by acting gently on
the kidneys, liver and bowels to cleanse the
system effectually, it promotes the health and
comfort of all who use it, and with millions it
is the best and only remedy.
Naturalists sav that a single swallow will
devour 60,000 flie’s in one day.
Ir your Back Aches, or you are all worn out,
?ood' foi nothing, it is general debility.
Brown’s lion Bitters w 11 cure you, make you
strong, cleanse your liver, and g,ve a good ap¬
petite--tones the nerves.
A historic collection of railway tickets will
DC one of the exhibits at the V\ orld s fair.
Man's system is like a town, it must be well
drained and nothing is so efficient as Beech
am’s Fills. For sale by all druggists.
A Cash Doctor.
First Little Boy—“Do you go to the
country Second every year?” sometimes
Little Boy—“N o;
papa don’t pay the doctor’s bill, an’ then
the doctor gets mad an’ won’t order
mamma out of the city.”—Street &
Smith’s Good News.
Mistakes Occur.
George—“Suppose a fellow’s best girl
gets mad when you ask for a kiss?”
Henry—“Take it without asking.”
George—“Supposeshe Henry—“Then gets mad then?”
you’ve got some other
fellow’s girl.”—New York Weekly.
An Interesting Subject.
Do you know that the state of the blood run¬
ning in your health veins is the cause of your sickness
or your ? This is a most important mat¬
ter, although deal overlooked by otherwise. people who show Your
a great of good sense
blood has t o be kept pure, or your whole system
gradually becomes a wreck. It costs very little the
to check disease and correct the state of
blood if the matter is taken up in time; but it
costs a great deal, and is often impossible, foothold. if
taken If up after troubled disease has gained Syphilis, a Itch, Hu¬
you are with
mors, Swellings, Skin Disease, Rheumatism,
Pimples, Scrofula, Malaria, Catarrh, Fevers, Erup¬
Liver and Kidney diseases, Old Sores,
tions, or any other disorders resulting C. from Parsons, im¬
pure blood, write at once to Dr. S.
Savannah, Ga. His Blood Purifier is a won¬
derful remedy, and only costs one dollar per
bottle. Besides this, for nothing at all except
a stamp, he will send you a pamphlet information. contain¬
Write ing a lot of private and valuable
to him without delay.
Beats ’Em All.
GRAND EXCURSION VIA C.,H. St D. TO MONTREAL
AND QUEBEC, THURSDAY, SEPT. 8.
The. great excursion route, will the Cincinnati, the first of
Hamilton & Dayton R. R., run
their annual excursions Montreal and Que¬
bec, from Cincinnati and Indianapolis, marvel¬ Thurs¬
day, Sept 8. The round trip Cincinnati rates are In¬
ously low, being 112.50 from and but or flo
dianapolis to Montreal and return,
to Quebec and return, with side-trip to Ottawa
returning. Tickets will be good (returning) for
twenty days from date of sale. This is the first
cheap excursion ever run to beautiful Montreal
or historic Quebeo from Cincinnati, k or tick¬
ets, sleeping-car berths, etc., call on or address
any U., H. & D. agent, or K. O. McCormick, O.
Gen. Passenger and Ticket Ag’t, Cincinnati,
'Hie Only One Ever Printed.
CAN YOU FIND THE WORD t
There is a 3-inch display advertisement In
this paper, this week, which has no two words
alike except one word. The same is true of
each new one appearing each week, from The
Dr. Harter Medicine Co. This bouse places a
“Crescent” on everything they make and
publish - Look for it, send them the name
of the word and they will return you book,
BEAUTIFUL LITHOGRAPHS or SAMPLES FREE.
The cost of a one-man sea-diving apparatus
for a depth of 200 feet is $575.
Brown’s Iron Bilters cures Dyspepsia,Mala¬ Debility.
ria, Biliousness and General Gives
Strength, appetite. aids Digestion, The best tones tonic the for nerves— Nursing
creates
Mothers, weak women and children.
Girls in tight or short dresses are not allowed
to appear on the stage in Butte City.
,1.0. SIMPSON, Marquess, W. Va., says: bad
“Hall’s Catarrh Cure cured me of a very
case of catarrh.” Druggists sell it, 75c.
: King
m Of Medicines is what
ip I consider liood’s Sarsa¬
parilla. For 6 years
I was confined to my bod
with white swellings
and scrofula sores.
Win, A. Lelir. To my great joy,
when L began with HOOD’S SARSAPAR¬ taking
ILLA the sores soon decreased. 1 kept
it lor a year, when i was so well that i went to
work, and since then have not lost one well day and on
account of sickness. 1 am always A. Lehk, No. 9
have a good appetite.” Wit.
Railroad Street, Kendallville, Ind.
Hood’s Pills are tho best after-dinner Pills,
assist digestion,euro headache and biliousness.
CHILD BIRTH • • •
• • • MADE EASY!
“ Mothers’ Friend ” is scientific¬
a
ally prepared Liniment, every ingre¬
dient of recognized value and in
constant use by the medical pro¬
fession. These ingredients are com
binedin amannerhithertounknown
“MOTHERS’
• FRIEND’’ •
WILL DO all that is claimed for
it AND MORE. It Shortens Labor,
Lessens Pain, Diminishes Danger to
Life of Mother and Child. Book
to “ Mothers ” mailed FREE, con¬
taining valuable information and
voluntary testimonials.
Sent by express on receipt of price f 1.60 per bottl*
BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO., Atlanta. Ga.
SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS.
tgm piso's Remedy for Catarrh Is the MB
jUi Best, Easiest to Use, and Cheap isdp est.
BB | 50c. Sold K. by T. druggists Hazeltine, or Warren, sent by Pa. mail, IP J |
Buch stituting nameandthe subject CAUTION.—Beware substitutions to shoes prosecution price without are stamped by fraudulent of W. dealers law L. on Douglas bottom. for eab. and ob- W. L DOUGLAS
_ taining dcr false ...... money pretences. r-r;. uu- .ge $3 A srenillne SHOE sewed shoo that will not GENTLEMEN. ri FOR fine Calf,
X comfortable, pi stylish
seamless, smooth inside, flexible,more sold the price.
and durable than any other shoe ever at
a IP 4m m Equals custom-made shoes costing from $4 to ®5. complete
1 The only $3.00 fSboo mode with two Incut),
soles, securely sewed at the outside edge (as shown
EH M which same to a gives narrow price, double for strip sucheaslly the of wear leather of rip, oil cheap having the welt edge, only shoes and one sold when sole sewed at once the
. L
m « ' ^ Bk worn when The through two worn soleeofthe through are worthless. can \V. be L. repaired DOUGLAS as many ?3.00Shoe times as
BB Ea necessary, as they will never rip or loosen from the upper.
purchasers of footwear desiring to econo
t- m poize, should of consider shoes, and the superior be influenced qualities
“jp m \Y these not
ife NySSSik oYgL to having buy cheap only welt shoes sold commend at $3.00,
NTthem. appearance to
W. L. S5 DOUGLAS Fine Calf, Mm’s Hand
"V vSjWfc, si and ;IN3..TO i’ollce
Hewed S-i.-IO and $2.23 Farm
f* VSafe ers; and S^.OO Fine Workingmen’s; Calf;
\ Roys’ SI .75 84.00 School Shoes; and Youths’ Ladies*
* r - This ism BeS|? SHo !£25SSS ^thewor® 1=3 S3.00 Hand SI.73 are 82.00 of Rewed: tht Best and same Dongola, SA.50, liis3es* high
standard of merit.
sTi WILX. -
*Oj,
g e&fgsBsL *
' TTjil give exclusive sale to shoe dealers and general merchants where I hav*
SfaHkind?and ...wills Write for catalogue. winted. If not for sale ia your place send direct to Factorjt Maw.
width Bust age free. W. L. Douglas, Brockton,
. • Stove-P rlisif
with Pastes, Enamels, and and Paints burn off. which stain
the hands, injure the iron, Polish Brilliant, Odor¬
The Durable, Rising Sun and Stovo the is lor no tin
less, with consumer purchase* pays
or glasa package every
s WIFT’S all entire FOR Poisons system, renovating from SPECIFIC eliminating the Blood, the
whether of scrofulous or
malarial origin , this prep¬
aration has no equal. . .
s eating treated “ For TRAD -=*«_war- sore eighteen by E S.S.S. lest on my months local tongue. physicians, MARK I had I was an
but obtained no relief' the sore
gradually grew worse. I finally
tcok S. S. S., and was entirely
cured after using a few boitles.”
s C. B. McLemore,
Henderson , Tex .
'X'RF.ATISE on Blood and Skin.
1 Diseases mailed free.
The Swift Sfecific Co., Ga.
Atlanta,
“August Flower”
My wife suffered with indigestion
and dyspepsia for years. Life be¬
came a burden to ber. Physicians
failed to give relief. After reading
one of your books, I purchased worked a
bottle of August Flower. It
like a charm. My wife received im¬
mediate relief after taking the first
dose. She was completely cured—
now weighs 165 pounds, and can eat
anything she desires without any
deleterious results as was formerly
the case. C. H. Dear, Prop’r Wash¬
ington House, Washington, Va. <9
Hfa/UTTLE M
KJe fir ILIVER
pills
^bRrtBHk do NOT GBIPE noh sicken.
Suro euro for SICK HEAD*
whhI ACHE, Impaired glands. digestion, Thoyaroi.o consti
- potion,torpid vital dlz
pj ASsajaffik zilicss. organa, Magieal remove effect luiuacn, Kid-
55 , VBft, bladder. on
_i g \J wHBa. nevs bilious ami nervous Conquer dis
*z d orders. Establish not
ural Daily action.
Beautify complexion by purifying
blood. I’FRELY Vkoktaule.
The be dose is much. nicely Each adjusted vial to contains suit ease, 42, as carried one pill in vest can
never too
pocket, like lead pencil. Business man’s great
convenience. Taken easier than sugar. Sold every¬
where. All genuino goods bear “Crescent.”
Send 2-cent Btamp. You get 32 page book with ramplo.
OR. HARTER MEDICINE CO.. Si. Louis. M»
! •••«
* purify the blood, are safe and ef*Z
» lectnai. The beat general family $
o medicine known for Biliousness,$
2 Constipation. Breath, Headache PyapepHla, Heartburn, Foul# I^.ss*
2 of i.——, Appetite, Mental Depression,*
Painful Digestion, Tired Pimples, Peeling, Sallow* and*
Complexion i, from impure*
resulting
2 2 to over-eatinar perform their benefited proner functions. by takinara T A BtlliK after
are ^
4 dtwTHE lU PA^Hli niAh^UUIO ,So; Hpru "e Bt .^N-Y .!
Every Ian His Own Doclor.
A 600-pageProfusely Illustrated Book, contain*
ing valuable information pertaining to di*»
eases of the human system, showing bow tg
TREAT and CURE with the simplest of medt*
cines. The book contains analysis of court¬
ship and marriage and management of child¬
ren, besides useful prescriptions, recipes, etc.
Mailed, post-paid, for 60 cents. Address
ATLANTA PUBLISHING HOUSE,
116 Loyd Street, Atlanta, Ga.
PATENTS I-&S3
A. N. V ... ... Thirty-four, ’93.