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the heart of the
SHIPPING QUESTION.
from the New York Journal of Com
merce.
At the hearing’ of the sub-committee
of the Congressional Merchant Marine
Commission at Brunswick. Ga., a
prominent citizen of that town, a mere
lawyer who had no direct personal In
terest in ships or in foreign trade, made
this illuminating statement: “The
American people have found the ave
j- jos of agriculture, commerce and
manufactures so much more profitable
than to engage in shipbuilding and
operation that they have hitherto
chosen to send their exports In foreign
bottoms, and this condition will con
tinue until either a bounty in some of
the forms named Is given or shipping
j 9 made free, or the system which
makes the manufacture of ships so
much more costly in the United States
then in foreign countries is wiped off
our statute books.” The report of
the address of this Mr. Kay of Bruns
wick, Ga., does not indicate which al
ternative he advocated, but the few
words quoted revealed "the heart of
the mystery” of why the American
people do not build ships and engage
In the foreign carrying trade. It is
pimply because they are more profit
ably employed in other ways and cart
bitter afford to pay foreigners to do
their ocean carrying than to do it
themselves. This is the whole secret
tit '.he bottom of ail the labored ex
planations of "why this is thus,” the
tost of building, the cost of navigating
under the American flag, the reluct
ance of Americans to go to sea. and
all the rest of it. Capital and labor
can do better by bestowing their ef
forts upon our internal resources, in
dustries and trade than by entering
Into the competition of carrying com
modities on the ocean, and they make
and save more by hiring others to do
the carrying that 'they need to have
dune. The explanation is simple and
it is sufficient.
The question then is whether for
ether reasons than business profit or
advantage, for other than economic
and commercial reasons, the nation
should have a large merchant marine
of its own and is willing to pay the
price, for it would have, to be paid
for and the cost would come out of
the productive industries of the coun
tp\ If, apart from the clog of tariff
and navigation laws, it costs more to
build ships iri this country and oper
ate them on the ocean than it costs
in other countries, it is because capital
can get more profit and labor better
wages in other employments in this
country than they can get in other
countries. They have no inducement
for going from the better paying to
the worse paying, while in other coun
tiies there is no occasion for that,
since shipping pays as well as other
things that capital and labor engage
in. If we must have a merchant ma
rine, more than we can have by mere
ly lemoving obstructions and restric
tions, and if we must build the ships
as well as operate them, this differ
ence in cost and profit must be made
uo in order to turn capital and labor
into that business, and it must be
made up at the expense of capital and
libor that are otherwise and more
profitably employed. It makes no dif
ference whether this is done by pay
ing bounties or subsidies, by burdens
on foreign shipping that compel our
people to pay higher freights, or by
any other device, there must be ex
tracted from the fruits of our produc
ts ve energy on land sufficient to di
vert a part of it to the sea and main
tain it there, and the cost will be de
cidedly greater than all we pay to the
foreigners for fetching and carrying
for us.
If there are other than economic
and commercial reasons for building
up American shipping, let that be ac
knowledged and attention devoted to
the best method of securing It. Let
the real reasons be admitted and in
sisted upon, the real cost recognized
and counted, and let us drop the pre
tense that it is for the benefit of for
eign trade or to the advantage of
American capital and labor. It Is
really a question of how much we are
willing to pay for a large merchant
marine, and whether reasons for hav
ing it are sufficient to justify the tax
upon everything else.
BIRDS HURRYING’ SOUTHWARD.
Wild Geese Have Picked Out Their
Wlsexl Lenders.
From the New York Sun.
Lachine, Canada, Nov. 19.—A1l the
woodland signs familiar to the men of
the North point toward an early and
a pretty hard winter. The first pair
of ducks killed in September pointed
in that direction.
''Pretty tough, eh? Scarce any down
yet, and big pinfeathers well out on
both tall and wings,” the lank old
hunter remarked, who brought them in.
Nature had prepared the young birds
for flight before the regular time when
the warmth-giving down should have
covered the body. And with the obedi
ence to natural law generally charac
teristic of every living thing but man,
the birds started southward as soon as
the power of light came to them.
In fact, all the slower flying heavier
ducks had made their way well down
toward their regular wintering places
before the destructive gales of a week
ago set in. And it is well they did so.
How destructive such driving storms
Of snow are to the migratory birds few
People know. A large flock of wild
geese was caught In Sunday's storm In
a Nova Scotia village.
They had evidently sailed dead
against the upcoming storm until the
EfJTiP sno l v had heavily weighted their
feathers, blinded their eyes and tired
them out. The chimneys and roofs of
the houses confused them as they
wheeled earthward.
, OT two struggled to the ground
damaged wings. One broke its
*}* aa and neck against a high gable.
at laßt the whole flock alighted
!, n a J ar *e back yard and cowered
ednese tf>8 * ther ,n utter helpless wretch-
An immense drove of blackbirds, or
Tekles, met with a somewhat similar
thlL . 1 v< T y far from thlß P***e. And
these unmelodious starlings are among
ir h e .„ vtry hardiest of migratory birds,
wpretaken by the hundred, by
noys wb° discover thorn huddled to
? * t h hl~ wlth , the under their
hurt a nd matted with the
twed thaWed now they had encoun
are ,n extremely large
J hl * Greater care than
for .Ir taken In choosing the guides
liiov A po ** wedge formation
they always adopt In flight.
nlac r ol battles have taken
leat.r. Nnethern lakes between the
* ‘s* broods to the
none of , Ther has been
has io f / thtet Bplm of compromise which
flo£k. p’T* 1 ’ y *“ arß allowed assembled
or sv. B .h fl ' Wt separately under two,
-rn n ,hrf '® commanders,
finish havß r>ne to a
shooVrs A a consequence duck
(gimiers "I®* wl * k more solitary
These A f° r Team previously,
drove aspirants to
to who bava been made
"tr*nth P
fellows ' ff th * ‘ ommo " ood of their
Inference that the*# saga
wither •toSST* “ m ®®‘ w "b heavy
ll , L , ?l ,raoHlnar,,y uuna
U cCv. ih-“ W *-“ “ "■** vigor.
f#f ttfc# inUftTK# Of
“You Fill Up on That Corn; if I Eat. It You Will Fill Up on Me.”
the flying wedge on its passage through
the storms.
As usual after storms which travel
in a northerly direction, some flights
of ducks have been noticed going north
also. Doubtless these are birds who
doubt their ability to cope with head
winds and have decided to scud be
fore the storm.
Old trappers laugh meaningly as
these birds pass, and remark careless
ly: “They are going to winter at Lfac
Chaud.” This is, according to a very
old Indian notion, a mythical lake at
the top of the mountains, where frost
never strikes, where the spirit of the
wild duck is always kept as seed for
the preservation of their kind. It is
Just possible that there are lakes, fed
by warm springs, which do not freeze
in ordinary winters, where a few of
the hardier, smaller ducks winter.
Asa rule, an expert hunter will tell
within a few days of when the black
frost will make things solid, by the
times the different varieties of ducks
begin their annual fall migration.
That means a forecast of a good month
and a half before the event happens.
That little brother of the beaver, as
he is sometimes termed, the muskrat,
furnishes much information to the
woodsman. Most commonly the musk
rats build conical heaps of rushes and
flags, from two to five feet high, amid
the reeds at the edges of lakes.
Last winter's heaps were about six
feet high above water, and of about
the same circumference. Observers re
marked that these immense heaps pre
saged an unusually hard and long win
ter, a prophecy which proved to be
true. ,
This year the heaps are large again.
In fact, If thse piles were the only
data men had to calculate from, one
might expect winter to set in between
Nov. 22 and 30, and to be of intense
severity. But it must be borne in mind
that the rat builds large stacks
against winters when the snow is light
and there are many thaws to raise the
waters. And he has to be on his guard
against a sudden and occasional frost,
which would spoil his provender if not
previously harvested.
There are regular stated places In
good hunting countries, known as
stamping grounds, where the stags
meet to settle their differences.
If these meetings take place early
in the autumn, the next spring Is go
ing- to be early also. Deer hunters
agree that this year the stags were
fighting after the shooting season had
well advanced, so that it Is not un
likely that we are in for a long win
ter, or that at any rate it will be
well on in April before the year warms
up thoroughly.
Experienced men are accustomed to
estimate the length of the winter by
the supplies laid up by the chipmunks.
Indian lore makes a great deal of this
test, and credits the merry little strip
ed thing with a great deal of wisdom.
Supplies are large this year, so that
the winter Is likely to be long, ac
cording to squirrel foresight.
CHeer
Ei Eating and Sleeping ||
ED are the two great roads to H
H health. Hentz's Curative I
Bitters give a keen appe- M
HI tite, good digestion, quiet f
HI nerves, sound sleep. gw!
When you eat well and Eg
fW sleep well Nature doe* the 13
M rest. 4-1
B For full particulars read ||
the booklet "CHEER UP” 14
HI free at drug stores or M
S9 mailed by U
ftj HENTZ’S BITTERS CO.. I t
|P| Philadelphia. f ’ f
SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
SavannaFßreparator^chooi
Barnard St., between Gwinnett and
Hall.
Instructors for 1904.
Ormond B. Strong. A. 8.. Cornell,
Mathematics.
Horace Mack, A. 8., Cornell,
A. M., Yale.
Drawing, English Grammar and Lit
erature.
Samuel W. Conns, A. 8., Trinity,
Hlstonr and Geography.
Chas. H. Hayes, A. 8.. Princeton.
Latin and Greek.
Eric Berstrom, Ph. D.. Harvard,
Physics, Chemistry, German.
Miss Mary Weyne, Vassar,
Bending and Spelling.
The strongest faculty ever secured
by the school.
Fail Session Will Kerin Oct. I.
BRADFORD'S EVAPORATED
OKRA.
Make* th* flneet Mups and gum
ho*. Sold by *ll l*uUlny fructra I
ct*. par bos. M. Fant'i bon* 4k Cos.,
Who!#**!* Agent*.
SAVANNAH MORNING NEWS: THURSDAY. NOVEMBER 24. 1901.
LEAN TURKEY FOR A LONG LIFE.
Fur trappers have their own code of
signs, derived from the adhesion of
the pelt to the body, the thickness of
hides, the brightness of skins on the
reversed side, and the coloring of va
riable furs such as mink, otter, and
beaver.
Roughly speaking the best, that Is
the darkest fur, is obtained at the be
ginning of the hard winters. The
skins are most easily removed when
nature has provided much fall feed
ing material and fattened the owners
against severe weather. Pelts come to
full maturity late, according to some
authorities, when the winter is going
to be prolonged. Though it is early
yet to tell much about fur, trappers
agree that we are in for a fairly hard
season.
The bears have not sought their
dens as yet. Some hunters say that
bruin is never mistaken about the
amount of bedclothing he will require
for the winter. In some mild seasons
he will squeeze himself intoi a hollow
tree and snore away there, wrapped
merely in his own fur coat.
At other times he will make a deep
comfortable nest in the midst of sev
eral feet of dried leaves, carefully cov
ering every vestige of his body. He is
generally careful when the winter is
about to be very cold to have a good
back log, or the sheer side of an up
turned root, to shelter him on the
windy side.
And he goes to bed early, before
the hard weather deprives him of food
and reduces his fat, when he fears
an exceptionally trying season. So
far no one appears to have discovered
a denned up bear, so that we are
hardly likely to have snow and hard
f Big Spring Dist Cos., Savannah, Ga., Distributors. J
ONLY ONE NIGHT OUT
EN ROUTE TO
ST. LOUIS, MO.,
—VIA—
SEABOARD
AIR LINE RAILWAY.
Direct connection In Union Depot, Montgomery, with through stern
er for St. Louis.
LOW EXCURSION RATES
ACCOUNT
Louisiana Purchase Exposition.
15 day, 60 day, and season tichets
on sale daily.
Very Low Rate Coach Excursion Tickets, limited 10 days from
date of anlr returning, will be sold each Tuesday and Thursday during
month
Ftill Information upon application to any agent Seaboard Air Line
Railway, or to
CH >RLES P. STEWART, Asst. G. P. A., Savannah, G.
Louisville and Nashville Railroad
Shortest, Best and Quickest Line to
WORLD’S FAIR, St. Louis
3—TRAINS DAILY-3
FOUR HOURS QUICKEST ROUTE
With through Pullman MUsplng and Dining Can. Low raU UckcU sold
dally. Ost rates from your local agent
Ask for tickets via L. A N.
■top-over allowed at MAMbfOTIf CAVE.
Pull Information an application to $, (j, HOLLENMKOK
Dl strict Pa Manger Agent, Atlanta, Qa.
frost for another week or two at any
rate.
Weasels, ermines, and hares, which
assume white coats for winter, have
not much judgment about seasons.
They generally change color about the
same time every year, whether the
snow comes early or late. No woods
man pretends to divine from such
creatures as change their color for the
seasons.
MOORMAN AND~A/OMEN
ARE AGAIN ARRESTED.
New Evidence Found In the Wil
liam. Murder Case.
Wrightsville, Ga., Nov. 23 'The
Clayton L. Williams murder cases
were again called to-day. Lofton Out
law was first put on trial and the case
consumed the entire day. Objection
having been made by defendants to
Judge Allen, the case was heard by
Judge Prescott, who ordered that Out
law be held for the murder without
bail.
Walker will be tried to-morrow.
A sensational turn was given the
case by the issuance of another war
rant for the re-arrest of Moorman
and the women, Belle Williams and
Lizzie Edge, who were released last
week. They will demand immediate
trial and the result Is anxiously
awaited, it being thought that the
state has discovered other and strong
er evidence than was developed last
week.
Svrop ofßss;
■Efuff To sweeten, Dispels colds and 1
To refresh, [ headaches when I
To cleanse the \ bilious or con- j
H Effectually I For men, women I
I j and and children; I
III'. V There is only \ Acts best, on J
© feSlifft one Genuine w the kidneys I
Syrap - of Figs; \ liver, I
Si S et its bene- J stomach and
|/ ficial effects bowels; J
i Always boy the genuine—Manufactured by the J
fepsßNiA Fig Syrup (?
Louisville, Ky. Francisco,Cal. /(ewYorkJWf. 1
I * The genuine Syrup of Figs is for sale by all first-class I
J druggists. The full name of the company— California J
% Fig Syrup Cos. —is always printed on the front # fl
/w of every package. Price Fifty Cents per bottle. \
The sickest man is not ah
ways in bed. The meanest
kind of sickness is just to be
able to attend to duties and
yet not feel equal to the task.
The eternal grind keeps many
in the traces who ought to be
in bed.
A thorough course of John
son’s Chill and Fever Tonic
would give anew lease on life
to such people. It tones up
the whole digestive appa
ratus. Puts the Liver in the
best condition possible. Gives
a splendid appetite. Renews
strength and restores vitality.
WHAT MERCHANTS NEED.
All merchant*, big or llttla, ae.d stationery. Thay do not almply need stationery, but thay need OOOT)
stationery. Poor Isttar head* to even a small flrm, is like untied shoes, or unkempt hair. Ther* la no
accuse for It.
Prices are about th* same. Any merohant can hav* th* beat. Horne flrm* are often d*c*,r*d In what
they buy. They Intend, doubt!*#*, to hav* the best. The surest way to get the beat Is to place your or
der with a printing house that has a reputation. A house of long standing and known for fair dealing,
Such a house la th* MORNING NICWH. It coats you nothing for u* to oatimato on your work.
Writ* us and Ist us com* to sea you.
The Savannah Morning News Job Department,
t. H. UHTILU President, Mavanaeh. On.
9