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THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION.
VOLUME xrv
TUESDAY MOKNTNG, JANUARY 10, 1882.
PRICE 5 CENTS
GRAM ON GUITEAU.
ANALYZES THE MOTIVES
THE COLOSSAL WRETCH.
A Half Roar's 8c«no of Judge Cox’* Criminal Come*
dy—Tno Manner, Style and Motive of the Prii-
oner—Hla Firs Thought and After
thought—A Consummate Study.
Washington, January 3.—[Special Correspond
ence.)—“You will now wltneas," said Emory Speer,
an with Mr. Harrington, ol Columbus. we Hied Into
the federal court room in this city, "the most
famous, and in many respect*, the most interesting,
trial cf record.!’
The court room was packed. As wc entered, the
voice of the sheriff was heard ordering the doors
closed, as there was standing room for no more peo
ple in the court room. The crowd was of better
class than I had expected to find. The most cZegant
women and men of position and character made up
tho staple, with here and there a strip of rough
people, admitted by the connivance of some
doorkeeper or subordinate. I do not
know how the ladles stand the spicy details which
Guitcau throws into the proceedings on occasions,
but I suppose the old ones arc too wise to be giddy
and the young ones too innocent to blush. At any
rale they sit through It, alongside their casual or
regular mates, and give the glitter of diamonds and
bloom of downy cheeks to a scene that they
brighten if they do not adorn.
"If 1 ever snw a hanging jury,” said Speer, "that
is one. 1 have studied it carefully, and iu the light
of considerable experience, I think it is the most
determined jury I ever saw. Along cither line
there is not a face that promises the least sort of sen
timent or qualmishness. Even the third juror in
the front row who goes to dozing in the first half
hour and sleeps peacefully untiLthc bailiff rouses
him, at the close • of the session
wakes with a vigor that ill-betldcs the pris
oner. It Is rumored that some of the jurors have
hereditary insanity In their families, and that tills
may cause a mistrial. This is hardly probable,
though. Guitcau Is before a hanging jury. If ever
any man was."
Mr. Scoville, who has charge of Guiteau’sdefcnse,
has won general respect by his conduct of the case.
Not a skilled criminal lawyer, his very frankness
and candor commends him to the jury, while ills
ready confession of ignorance as to the tcchnieal-
ticaof the court excuses many an error that be
could not defend. He seems to feel keenly the
odium of his place, has the Ingenuous air of one
who is niAnfuily shouldering a-responsibility he
would never have taken on of his own motion, and
rarely doses a day without having won the sym
pathy of the audience. John W. Guitcau, a low
middling sample out of the same field in whldi the
assassin was storm-cotton, sits by Scoville and ap
parently worries him with suggestions. Of the
jirosec.ution Corkhill it probably the weakest of the
lot. He is a blandish, round-headed man, with a
lull, well fed face and a mustache. Porter Is the
oratorical lawyer of the bunch. Interjecting little
speeches here and there almost as Irregularly as
Guiteau docs. ,
"That is Davidge, the manager of the prosecu
tion," said Sjiecr, pointing to a chirpy old man,
with a smooth face and asuffusive smile, tripjdng
by the Jtlry. "See how ho bows to the jury, with
till the unction of Sergeant lluzfuz, and smiles on
each one with brotherly affection. He will now go
overand'shake hands in a deprecating way with
Scoville, and then turn and look at the jury as if to
an;, ' .rj*: ho* g.nerousl am!" •
Judge Cox, who walked with a quick, firm step
toliis seat'promptly at 10 o’clock, is a short, thick-
net man, with military primness of features and
manner, and mustache anil goatee trimmed to a
jKiint, reminding one of a young Joe Johnston.
The wisdom of his course in allowing Guiteau such
unusual latitude Is now generally understood. With
the almost certainty of conviction, he has given
tlie prisoner such liberal rulings that it will
l>c practically impossible to secure a new trial by
cxceptions. He has been roundly abused for his
course, but has never moved one jot or tittle from
the path he first laid out. As he sat straight ns an
arrow in his chair and looked out oyer the misera
ble court room, lie showed no sign of uneasiness or
emotion, and it was easy to see the steadfast will
that has sot a new precedent iu criminal trials and
stood by that-precedent through thick and thin!
"There comes Guitcau," ran around the court
room, as the door opened and Marshal Henry’s
burly form appeared. Behind the marshal, walk
ing so close to the jury that he actually brushed its
knees, came a'shambllng figure. The shoulders,
square and broad, were hunched up—the closely
shaved head well settled and crouching between
them, moved furtively from one side
to the other. This was Guiteau,
the assassin of Garfield. He was clad
in a cheap gray suit that fit loosely. A pair of cheap
eye-glasses hung from his coat lappel. Ilis hair was
cut very close, and showed the bumps of an ugly
skull. His mouth was large, and of changeable
expression, the thick lips twitching and curving
constantly. He appeared to recognize no one in
the crowds tli rough which he passed, iris eye shift
ing uneasily until he reached the counsel's desk.
There he stopjicd and whispered a few words to
Scoville, who listened with a weary, half-sad air.
Scoville made no reply, and the
assassin, putting liis shoulders up again
and dropping Us head down between
them, hustled on to the prisoner’s dock. Beaching
that he adjusted his chair, pulled two newspapers
out of his pocket, and sat down. Suddenly he said,
in a loud voiee,"Happy New Year to all of you. I’ve
had a very happy New Year. I had a big reception
—high-toned, middle-toned, low-toned folks. This
shows that the public is with me, and wants me
acquitted.”
It l« impossible to describe the vague, perfunetory
way in which this was said. The utterance was
purely mechanical—tire manner abstracted. It was
addressed to nobody, being delivered apjsirently to
his newspaper. The tones were dry, hollow, with
out the slightest emphasis, jxtuse or inflection.
They were delivered precisely asif they were turned
out of a east-iron throat by a crank. Indeed, they
reminded me of only one deliverance I ever heard.
That was when a curious Swiss clock opened ils
diaJ,And a cuckoo hopped out,crew three automatic-
crows, wheeled on its metallic base and vauislied
in the clock again. Having made bis sjieech,
Guiteau took his eye-glasses, held them to his eyes
and apparently buried hi rase] i in his newsjaper.
£! took advantage of lh<£lnll to stud^the face oi
the most remarkable assassin of history. I ap-
jiroaohed this study bewildered by two opinions.
Sliison Hutchins had said to me with that tine em
phasis for which he Is famous:
“His eye Is a wonderful one. It is net the eye of
a wild beast, but It is the eye of a human being
with a savage beast behind it. glaring at you
through it.”
I was at a some pains to justify this picturesque
or not. I don’t think I would have known what it
was if I had seen it. So that Mr.Wattereon may have
been right. Certainly no one can ever prove that
be was wrong. As for me, it struck me that Guit
can was the brightest man in the court room. I do
not think so smart a prisoner ever before went on
trial for his life. His defense is unique—it is spark-,
ling—and full of an audacity and cheek that is
either sublime or insane. It is certainly
not insanity. It is too well-ordered for that. He
never misses a point in the trial. He never throws
in a shot at random. With wonderful self-control,
he sits, his eye-glasses resting on his paper, bnt hi*
eyes half-shut, throbbing, rolling under his glasses,
hearing every word that is said, noting every mo
tion that is made—conscious that at any moment
he may be shot dead in his seat; yet sitting silent,
with a smile on his lips, and only his half-sheathed
eyes showing" the tonneutlug fears that devour
him. '
What a miracle he has worked
already. He Is the hero of the
most causeless, wanton and atrocious assas
sination that ever stained human annals. Only a
month ago running-a-muck through bowling and
cursing crowds as he hurried from the court room
lO his van. and now the easy and chatty center of a
court roam that laughs good-humoredly at
his sj>ceches and only complains that he does not
talk enough. Only a month age, that same room
sat hushed and harror-strickeu, as the bones of the
murdered president were placed before hisassassiu—
and now the ghastliness of that scene is forgotton
and the trial of that assassin is esteemed the best
farce of the day. Will the cunning that has made
this chauge iu the public that hangs about the
court-room affect the jury?
I think not. Guiteau is surrounded by a mesh
that he cannot break through. As shrewd as he is
he has not been able to deceive a single exj>ert who
has examined his case. The prosecution has sum
moned the ablest exerts in the country and their
testimony has been uniform, jrosilive and iutelli
gent against the prisoner. His previous lifehAS
been sifted, and nothing found to justify the belief
of insanity. it has simply demonstrated
that he was an unconscionable dead
beat, too lazy to work, but greedy of good things,
and hence a petty thief. His whole career has been
one of make-shifts—first swindling a boarding
house keeper, next bleeding a politician, then beat
ing a community. The key-note to his life is his
inordinate vanity. Possessed with the idea that he
was a lecturer, an author, an orator, a preacher, a
lawyer, a statesman, aud having not the slightest
qualification for either—he has beein a sort ;of in
tense Tittlebut Titmouse—with higher vauity,
deeper wrongs, and swifter impulses than his Eng
lish prototype.
The only possible ground for convincing the jury
that he Is insane, is that the act itself proved insan
ity. It docs look iucrcdible that any man of such
light weight, such petty methods, saeh shallow af-
feef inns, should deliberately shoot dowu the presi
dent of the United States, in the heart of a
great city, in ojien day, without being in
sane. John Wilkes Booth might have done it;
the nihUist assassins might have done it; any other
assassin in tho world’s history; any man of deep
convictions, of strong character, of tragic leaning
or inclination, might have done it, and sternly
smiled as they paid forfeit with their life. Hereto
fore assassination has furnished its explanation in
the tremendous and inexorable forces that moved
the assassin, deliberate, brooding and absolute, to
his crime. But that this will o’ th’ wisp—this mean
tridcr and vicious sneak, whose predatory instincts
lcd,him no further than the lunch counter, and who
wasa terror only to JTOT '’'.”" , oijslandladie%sshould
have committed acrirne that in daring and atrocity
has no parallel from Brutus to Booth, at first seems,
incredible on any hypothesis save that of insanity.
The explanation I suspect is this: Through a long
life of j»etty meannesses this man had become so
depraved that he believed Grant, Arthur and
ConkUng would protect him. The same abnormal
vanity that led him to so over-value his own im-
portance, unbalanced his judgment of everything
else. His weak brain was heated by the factional
frenzy then raging, and his govcrnless nature was
fed by his accumulating reverses. If lie believed
that Grant and Arthur would protect him, his crime
loses its audacity , and a mistaken cunning sup
plies in him the sterner stuff that moves the ordi
nary assassin. That he did so believe is
proved by many things. By his first exclamatiou,
"I am a stalwart of the stalwarts”—by his hurried
declaration that he killed Garfield so that Arthur
might be president—by the request to General Sher
man to simply see that he was protected from the
instant fury of tfio mob, and by the arrange
ment he made with the hack-driver to siui
ply carry him beyond immediate danger.
But more than all by the stupefaction that seized
him when he first read, in the papers that Grant
and Arthur denounced his crime and indicated
that lie ought to be hung. He seemed to be utterly
unable to comprehend this for some lime, and
when he did his whole manner changed; his pres
ent theory of the defense was. formulated. No
where did he mention or suggest “tho inspiration
of the deity,” that is now his sole defensq,
until after he realized that Grant
and Arthur had deserted him. The "deity" was
an afterthought.
I was struck as I sat listening at the trial; the
Jumbering heavy lawyers; the tedious^ witnesses;
the sharp interruptions of the prisoner: the light
cheeriness of the audience, and the dark tragedy
that was behind it all; with the uniqueness of this
tria) among all trials of this sort. What an enor
mous distance this shaved-skull elown
has led us all from the gloom and sorrow of a few
weeks ago; how far he had carried that
audleuce from the broken-hearted mother and sor
rowing widow at Mentor; how jauntily he jiugies
his fool scap and bells over a grave on which the
funeral flowers have hardly lost their b'oom What
a difference in the scene it presented and the trial
of the nihilist assassins. What sort of trial would
this have been with John Wilkes Booth in the pris
oner’s dock? What tremendous and profound inter
est would there have been in probing the depths of
his tragical nature—in bringing to light the secret-
springs of his life, and laying bare the tense pus
sions of his soul. The world would have waited
breathless as the great lawyers confronted the great
actor, and sought to wring from him the names of
his accomplices, or put before him as a witness the
one woman he ever loved. How
meagre and flippant and trifling is all this
trial compared to what the superb and stormy scenes
of the other world have been? How wretchedly
scant of all that is serious or thrilling. With
what slight accessories Is the trial made up. A few
faded landladies, whose meat and bread the poor
devil had eaten without pay; a wife from whom he
was divorced simply because he didn’t care to sup-
port her; a half dozen cranhs with whom he once
associated in crank communities; two or three
hook agents to prove that when a hook agent him
self he collected money without delivering good:
a woman or two to prove that he had, on occasions
keen immoral. A life plastered over with mlsde-
when it started. It is a cnrlons and pitiful specta
cle. The tremendous strain upon this small crea
ture, as he Ibrns, baffled in his purpose, deserted
by those he counted bis protectors, and confronts
bis assailants alone. Cornered, set upon, involved
in meshes that a lioar could not break through, he
dashes against them with tho frenzied impotence
of a trapped rat. I never saw such a mass of flip,
pant carelessness put over such a terror stricken
face. The ladescribable, hunted look that is under
the surface of every feature, the vague appeal for
protection orsymjiathy that flickers in his eyes, the
uneasy, ceaseless tremor of the hands, and the
scared turns of tho head—all these
tell of the torments he suffers.
His cuckoo-like speeches, that were juicy and
springy when they came as a first inspiration, are
now' dry and unhuman, since they have failed to
deceive, and only cause a laugh where they onee
started inquiry. There Is a weariness and distrust
in his manner now, since those terrible experts
have demonstrated in cold logic that it is im
possible for him to be insane. The wrestler with the
deceived landladies, the deserted wife and the
buyers of books never delivered, he stood very
well—but these technical experts that stand not as
the accusers of his past life but the interpreters of
his crime have been too much for him.
That he should be hung there is no doubt. That
he will be hung there Is scarcely less. But I could
not help pitying him as I witnessed his anequal
and hopeless struggle. And back of this
what a hard unloved life was' his,
with its shabby makeshifts—with its hungry nights
and its days of disappointments—its mortifying
beggary, its looming ambltiors and its wretched
performance—its misery, its worthlessness, its
vagueness, its abjectness, its homelessness, its
friendlcssness, its misproportions. How many weak
and vicious fellows, as he Is, with misdirected
aims and mistaken purposes, with maladjustments
and misestimates, are drifting on the swirling cur
rents of life—as worthless as he, hut less known
simply because they haven't yet been
thrown on the rocks. An outcast from
all sympathy, devoured by a consuming
vanity as deadly os the delirium of drink, a miser
able slink, despised, avoided, dodged, mistrusted
and kicked nut. Tho jailer says that there seems
to l>e only one human being that feels the slightest
interest in his future, and that is his sister. Be
yond this one love, he is the utter outcast from
human sympathy he has always been. He looks
into the crowd that has already made two attempts
to take his life, and feels that even now it may be
preparing for the third. And so he sits there shiv
ering in his soul, ague-stricken in its heart, mask
ing his terror with ignoble flesh—tossed by a
strange slip from a petty criminal into a tremend
ous one—a Jeremy Diddlcrturned intoa murderer—
t jackal thrown into a tiger’s place!
J ust before I left the courtroom I called my boy’s at
tention to the prisoner. Guiteau saw me as I
pointed him out. The boy looked at him with
open-eyed wonder, and for once the restless eyes of
the assassin were fixed as they rested upon the
fresh young face of tho child. The scared, hunted
look died out of the murderer's face for the mo
ment, and he gazed steadily into the bright, itnto
cent eyes only a few feet away from him. His ex
pression changed, his grimacing mouth grew seri
ous, and— "Papa, he’s looking at me!’' whispered
the boy, dropping his eyes and cuddling closer to
my side. At this motion, Guiteau
rose from his chair, turned it com
pletely around, and sat down, with his back
facing the audience—a favorite position with him.
The outline of his shabby head, cuddled between
his.broad shoulders, was sharply made against the
light. His great ears stood out like handles to his
skull. There was a notable flatness on one side
of his head as compared with the other, and a de
pression on one side of the top skull with an up
heaval on the other. He made a littleawningofa
newspaj>er and held it like a hood between his face
and the__jjiii, When I left the court room a half
hour later he had not moved. II. \V. G.
THE QUAKER CITY.
ONE HOUSE THAT SWALLOWS UP
ATLANTA.
Bevelling in Figures of Enormous Wealth—The New
PuMtr iiuildlngs of Philadelphia Sescribed-
A Magnifioent Railway Depot—The Greet
American City of Philadelphia.
GEN, JOHNSTON’S DISCLAIMER.
He a-- , « ];io>‘Sflflt»n* ’lavlxe III# fhpHr<
Alleged Agatunt Mr. Davis*
Washington, January ".—The Post will publish
to-morrow morning the following letter from Gen
eral Johnston:
To the Editor of the Daily Post—Sir: When the
article headed "General Johnston’s narrative” ap
peared in the Philadelphia Press oi December 18th,
T wrote to the editor that the conversation on which
the narrative was evidently founded was not an in
terview, and the article was so inaccurate that
I would not undertake to correct it. This was
published by him promptly. As that article seems
to be read in the south as accurate and I am eharg
ed with having accused Mr. Davis with having ap
propriated the confederate bonds he carried
through North Carolina, I write to deny the
charge. I did not use the languge imputed to me.
What I did say was that the president ongbt to
have accounted for this money. It is a well-known
practice in this and all other civilized countries
that those having disjwsed of public funds shall
account for them.; What I said on that occa
sion was in an accidental conversation
with one whom I considered much
above the class oi interviewers. Therefore I had
no fear of the publication of what I might say and
said agqod deal that uothing would induce me to
say for publication, especially on the
subject of the funds at Greensboro. That
part of the conversation was in connection
with the subject of application twice made by me
that part oi that money should be paid to the
army I then commanded in North Carolina, which
had received no real pay for several months.
J. E. Johnston.
Swallowing a Tcu-Cent Piece.
Kingston, N. Y., January 7.—About six weeks
ago Robert Talliender. a t^lor, employed as head
cutter in the clothing house of I. Bernstein, in this
city, accidentally swallowed a silver ten-ceut piece
while playing with his children at his home, in
Washington avenue. Not supposing that any seri
ous result would follow, he paid no further atten
tion to the iucident. About three weeks afterward
he began to cough, and this trouble' gradually in
creased with great severity, and the man was
alarmed. He tnought he was atilieted with con
sumption, aud says he was about making prepara
tions to leave this world and its trials. A few days
ago the cough became more violent than ever, and
he suffered acute pain which seemed to proceed
from his Inngs. It; appeared to him as if some
thing was flapping about in his chest on the right
side. Ail this time the swallowing of the ten cent
piece did not recur to him. The next day, while in
another violent coughing fit, aud when iu the act of
stooping over, the coin new out of bis month. The
tailor's eongh has now disappeared.
A CURIOUS PREACHER
Who
statement, but I confess that I was unable to do so.
I saw no savage beast behind Gu Beau's eye, nor any meunors, and yet not steadied with one serious
trace of one, and as I have been to a menagerie or j thought or weighted with even one respectable
two, I dattermyseU that I know a wild beast when J crime. It Is the incongruity between the man and
I see it. I only saw a furtive, cunning eye. with a j the deed—ihe disproportion * ctweeu this and other
scared, hunted look iu it, that the feat- ! assassins—the tilpjianev of the proceedings of this
loss unconsciousness of insaulty never.) tria. as compared to others—that has taken the
give* to its subjects. I am afraid that Mr. Hutchius j jicople off their feet and bred an infectious light-
let his lore of the picturesque get away with his j ness iu the court-room atmosphere that may extend
judgment. The other opinion with which I found l to the jury.
myself burdened came from Henry Watterson, who _ Strange os ft may seem. I felt a pity for
had written: i the poor devil oi a prisoner as
"He Is a weird and wizened apotheosis of dead- | I watched him in his dock. An expert has predict-
beatism." i ed thalGujtcau will break down intoa gibbering
I am unable to sav whether I saw this in Guitcau ' idiot before the eud of the trial, sane as be was
Professes to Do a Great Deal by tbe Power of
Faith.
Louisville, January 6.—Rev. George 0. Barnes,
the mountain evangelist of Kentucky, a modern
Lorenzo Dow, has been creating a sensation in this
eity during the week by his services at the Chestnut
street Baptist church. He is a firm believer in
what is termed "faith cure,” and at the conclusion
of hisserviceshe calls up the afflicted, anoints them,
prays for thei r recovery, and assures them all will be
well, if they have faith, Mr. Barnes claims that
God will never damn, but it is the devil who
does, aud makes sickness and disease. God heals
evt ry day. We see in the newspapers the lie "that
it hath pleased Go-1 to remove from ns our brother."
God didn't remove him. It pleased the devil to re
move. The Lord gave and the Lord has taken
away. 1 he lie was started by old Job when he was
in deep affliction. There is not a bit oi truth in it.
The Lord givetli, but the devil taketh away. God
has constituted us. he continued, that though the
devil may lav grief onus it soon wears out and time
heals, t'he weeping widow will console herself in
a year and a half by marrying another man.
Watch and pray. This choice injunction
used to trouble me a great deal. I couldn't
understand it. I would pray * to the Lord and
watch the devil; then to the Lord and watch the
world and flesh, and ’hen the devil would slip up
behind and catch me, but. thank God, I am ov«.r
that difficultv now. 1 pray to the Lord and watch
too. and he protects me. He will not let me suffer
as lung as I look to Him. Mr. Barnes caused the
jteople to look around at each other in amazement
when he beheaded the devil. Take away the firs
letter, he said, aud yon have evil; the second, and
vou have vil; the third, and you have il; the
fourth, and von have a word ■ that
sounds like hell itself. So you see, my fiends,
the devil i< mean all the way through, and I don’t
intend to have anything more to do with him. At
the conclusion of each hour's service, he iuvited
backsliders and sinners to come forward and have
their souls cared for, after which he extends an in
vitation to the afflicted in the body t«* come and be
healed. If none come forward, he does not insist,
but says they will do so before he is done here. He
does not seem iu the least di*.-ouragod at the appa
rent slow p ros res* for good, but feels he has done
his best, and leaves the rest with God.
Philadelphia, January 4.—[Special Corres
pondence.]—Fulton is the richest of the 13S
counties in Georgia. Its real estate and per
sonal property combined are valued, I be
lieve, at about $19,000,000. It may be some
what in exeess£j_tjiese figures now, but tbey
are about last year’s returns. Think of one
building worth as much as all tbe houses and
all tbe land and all the money in Fulton
county. Tbe suggestion sounds, wild, and yet
Philadelphia proposes to have just such a
building, and has gone a good way towards
its erection. "When complete, she proposes to
put it at the head of the list, not only in
America, but in the world, so that she can
point to it as the costliest public structure
reared by the hand of man. I refer to the
new public buildings in the Quaker city.
They were begun morejthan fifteen years
ago, and yet to-day they are not half com
plete. Tw o of the finest and most populous
streets in Philadelphia are cut off by the great
walls which encircle four acres of ground, and
the impeded highways pass through the heavy
arches.
There is a rude, weather-stained scaffolding
which obscures a view of the exterior from a
distance; but a closer observation will repay
the visitor. The gigantic structure is of mar
ble and that grey granite of New England
which takes the most delicate touch of tiie
chisel and defies the frost and rain.
From the first stone of the foundation to
that freshest from the mason's hand there is
not one Without the mark o,f special adapta
tion to its place. In the first place, the
architecture is simple. It is boldly grand.
Every o.-nament is wrought to harmonize
with the general design. There is none of
the cut tip work or light flippery that has
made the. millions spent on the state, war.
and navy buildings in Washington such a
poor investment. On the inside there is an
open court of fully half an acre. From it a
fine view can be had of the best work yet
done, and an intelligent idea formed of what
the great structure will he when complete.
Four grand entrances lead in from the
streets cut- off by the building. Passing under
the arches of each, one secs above him the
mas.y stone wrought into a hundred shapes
to touch strength with the tenderness of
beauty or the expression of design. Justice
is several times portrayed as “the blind god-
'doss,” at;d the staid, Quaker face of Penn peers
at yoh from various views. Allegorical
see \vs a> g portrayed in stone with the most
, vfcction.
Under the most ornate arch are six mono
liths of red marble twenty-five feet high, sur
mounted by bronze capitals that cost about
$1,000 each.
On the inner side of this entrance rises the
main towerof the building, now about a hun
dred feet high. It is barely begun, for it is
destined to lift its head to the awful height of
five hundred and forty feet, three feet higher
than the tallest of the Strasburg cathedral
spires, and Lite loftiest pinnacle in the world.
On its cap stone is to stand a statue of William
Penn, and to make it appear life-size to the
people in the street away below, the figure
must be forty-five feet high. To support- this
great tower, in addition to its mighty walls, are
four marble pillars live feet in diameter but
not more than ten feet high. Above them,
with their arms thrown over their heads as if
straining to uphold theirjburden, are groups of
figures representing faithfully the types of
Caueassian, Mongolian, Malay and African
races. From out the inner arches, peering at
them from the four sides are life size heads of
lion, tiger, elephant and ox, chiseled so fine
that you can almost see the hairs or count the
wrinkles of the skin.
There are many other points of interest
that could be mentioned, but, all given, they
would enable one who has not seen the build
ing to form but a poor idea of its proportions
or finish.
Already it has cost the city about eight
millions of dollars, and when completed as
now designed, the total cost will be in
the neighborhood of twenty millions.
It is proposed to appropriate about
a million a year until the work is done. How
long it will*,take to complete it, even with
regular appropriations, is hard to surmise.
The capital at *Washington is now the costli
est building in America, but with all the
waste of money on its squatty expanse the
government has spent over five millions less
tha » this city’ proposes to put into its offices.
The New York state house is considered by
some people the finest building iu America,
and yet it cost far less than the present bare
walls for three or four stories of this wonderful
venture.
The people of Philadelphia are justly proud
of it, and there is not apt to be any delay in
the appropriations necessary to crown the
work with a timely, perfect completion.
Just across the street from this monument
of Philadelphia’s wealth and public spirit
stands, what is beyond doubt, the finest rail
road depot in the world. After several years
of building it was thrown open by the Penn
sylvania railroad, and is used principally for
its through trains. What made this cost so
great • is the heavy elevated railway from
the old depot away out of the live part of
town. A great deal of property had to be
bought and more is clamoring for purcliase by
the road, claiming irreparable damage and
asking, as usual, from a rich corporation
about twice its worth.
But already the outlay has been enough to
stagger any but such a Crcesusof corporations.
It foots up about six million dollars. When
you roll into the depot you are glad the money
has been spent, for you are in luxuriant apart
ments with abundance of electric lights, tes-
selated floors, richly furnished saloons, ready
elevators, and, in 'short, every luxury the
traveler wants. Enough spent on a depot to
build a railroad a hundred miles long through
almost any difficulties! The state of Georgi.
for the one hundred and fifty miles of
the Macon and Brunswick with all its prop
erty of rolling stock received less than one-
fourth what this great corporation spent on
what it modestly calls its "Broad street
station.” -
Philadelphia is, in many respects, the most
remarkable city in America. It was supposed
by many that it was the leading city in
manufactures, but the census puts New'York
forty millions per year ahead of it.
Nevertheless. Philadelphia has more Amer
ican born people than the great metropolis
with its mongrel mass of humanity. It cover*
more ground than New York, and, with only
about tiro-thirds of the population, has forty
housand more houses. It is not crowded
ike New York. Even the poorest classes do
not live in such nests as are seen in that hu
man hive. The better class of families live in
separate houses, the French fiat and tene
ment system in its most compact form being
almost'entirely unknown. The Philadelphia
plan is the healthier, morally, physically—
every way.
While there arc few of those colossal for
tunes here, more people live on their incomes
in tills city probably than in any other in.the
union. Wealth seems to be better distribu
ted than in New York. There is less display,
less of what the world calls style, less, too, of
what its own bitter tears and gaunt despair
name wretchedness.
And yet there are numerous instances of
enormous wealth. The other day a Mr.
Weld, whom scarcely anybody knew, died
here and disposed of twenty-two millions of
property in his will. A grocer who lived on
a not' very busy street, after a
loug life of toil and economy,
finished his labors a year or two ago, aud one
of his bequests gave half a million to a
maiden sister. She did not keep it long,
however, for the summons soon came to her
aud she put her treasure to golden uses in
helping out an asylum for the blind.
What wonderful cities these twin giants
are, lying here ninety miles apart with the
human tide swaying to and fro between them
every day! Wo'nderful are they in riches and
enterprise, busying their myriads of hands
and employing their quick, fertile brains.-
Wonderful 'as great hearts sending out the
life blood of commerce all through a conti
nent. Wonderful for their growth in popula
tion, wealth and culture; their thousand
public enterprises, their charities and their
misery.
I was speaking to a friend of all these things
tlie other night when, to chill my ardor, he said v
"That is all very well, but do you everthink
that London has* as many people as New
York. Philadelphia, Brooklyn, Chicago, Bos
ton, St. Louis and Baltimore all put in a
lump?”
I took these seven great American cities,
footed up the figures of their vast population
and found that he was correct. F. II. R.
A Talk With the Social Humbug oi England, in
Which He Dilates Upon the Influences That
Govern His Life—The True and the Beau
tiful Crush Him Beneath Their Feet.
STRIKING LAGER BEER.
The Strange Ueiult which Followed Drilling for Oil
Near Franklin, I’a., Real & Sou have drill
ed a number of wells on leased ground. A
short time ago they located a well on the sum
mit of a very steep hill, known as the
Point,” which rises from the bank of French
creek in a very abrupt manner. The rig was
built and everything worked well for about a
week, when tiie drill had penetrated about
500 feet. At this point the drill struck' a
crevice and dropped away several feet. This
was a great surprise to the workmen, for sand
is not struck generally until a depth of sev
eral hundred feet is reaehed. ‘However, the
tools were withdrawn from the hole and the
bailer was run down. It eanle up seemingly
full of oil, and continued bailings did not seem
to exhaust tlie supply. They decided to tube
the well, and Mr. Real gave orders to that
effect. On the following day the well was
tubed without being shot. They commenced
to pump it and it threw the fluid out at a
good rate. Noticing something queer about
the oil, one of the men tasted it. He found it
so good that he put his lips to the pipe and
took long gulps of the delicious stuff. 'First
one and then another drqnk of the supposed
oil. and finally they'became what is known
as drunk. The owners visited the well, drank
of the fluid pumped out and were overcome.
Operators came to see it, drank and were over
come. The people of the town who had heart!
of it went up the hill, drank Aid were over
come
Finally one man m the crowd, who, l.ad
tasted beer before, affirmed that tlie liquid was
“lager.” Everybody laughed at him, but he
persisted, and finally Phillip Grossman, the
beer brewer, was sent. for. He came and
tasted it.
“Mine Got!” he exclaimed, “dot is mine
own peer.”
Grossman's brewery is situated on the other
side of the creek, while the beer vault is on
the west side, just beneath the spot where tiie
boring took place. The beer vault is blasted
out of tlie solid rock, and runs back about a
hundred feet. One task in the rear end of the
vault is used as a supply cask. All the others
are connected with this one by pipes, and the
supply cask being sunken, is always kept full
of beer.
On visiting the vault, three of the large
casks were empty. The supply cask had been
penetrated by the drill, and that was why it
continued to pump. Grossman has instituted
proceedings to recover the price of the beer.
UNWISE LOVES
That Cause Scandal and Breed Trouble.
Watseka, ill., January 6.—Mis. Maria Leather-
man, aged -SI years, educated and accomplished,
the wife of Edward D. Leatherman, one of the
richest farmers in this county, eloped with Dave
Germain, aged 27, a poor, uneducated, ugly-looking
tenant on a neighboring farm. The recreant young
man leaves a wife aud two children in wantof sup-
port. The rich lady leaves a husband frantic with
rage and four children, two of
whom are nearly grown. Mrs. Leath
erman had been married 22 years, hut
had become wearv of the hum-drum life of the farm,
and desired to visit other scenes. The illy-mated'
but loving couple departed on the train unobserved
but were seen subsequently at Tlanville, but quickly
disapjiearcd. Leatherman offers a large reward for
the apprehension ef Germaiu. It seems that Mrs.
Leatherman carried off with her three trunks tilled
with silverware and valuables, and SI.200 in money.
Germain is described as a young Frenchman, with
a frightful scar on his cheek aud neck, resulting
from a bum.
A TEXAN IDYL. *
Dallas, Tex., January 6.—A. A. Pearson, a well
known millinery goods merchant, has been absent
since lost Thursday. So has one of his lady em :
ployes. Miss Edna May Bradley, aged 17 years.
Telegrams have been sent in all directions and no
information of either can be had. Pearson leaves
a most estimable wife and a ten-year pld daughter.
He Is a handsome, high-sirung man, known
throughout the country In business circles. For
several weeks whisperings of intimacy between him
and Miss Bradley have been heard, and now
the scandal breaks on high-toned society, creating
more sensation than any similar event in the city’s
history. Pearson took all the money belonging to
the establishment. Mrs. Pearson, through her at
torney, made an assignment for benefit of creditors.
Her husband'sliabilHies exceed S&.000. It is thought
the asset* will net about 30 per eeut. The creditors
are all New York and Cincinnati merchants.
Pearson and family boarded with Miss Bradley’s
mother. Mrs. Pearson is prostrated by the shock.
OUR FAILING FORESTS.
A Movement to Discourage Wholesale Destruction.
Cincinnati, January 5.—A large meeting was
held at the Gibson house in* this city to perfect ar
rangements for the holding oi a national conven
tion in the interest of forestry. A permanent or
ganization was effected, ana the chairman, the
Honorable John Simpkinson. instructed to uppoint
committees on time of holding the convention,
order of business, tbe securing of the Springer
music hall as a place of meeting, on correspondence
and on printing. The movement has now a good
start, what is proposed is the holding of a forestry
convention, to which the general government, each,
state government, the scientificsocietiesand schools
of scientific learning shall send delegates. It
is probable that railroad and transportatran
companies, some of the largest manufacturing con
cerus, and the state agricultural societies will
alto be iuvited to send representatives. Itis urged
that the country has suffered great injury from the
destruction of the forests, and that the injnry will
verv soon grow to alarming proportions, unless
something is done to encourage the planting of
trees and to prevent their wasteful destruction.
Governor Foster, in his annual message, refers to
the importance of a united effort to save the for
ests, aud what he said gave an added impulse to
the jiroceedings A resolution Is now before the
council which will authorize the city officers to take
steps in the matter of providing accommodations
and entertainment for the delegates to the conveu-
j tion. The ehairmr-n will announce the committees
at the next meeting.
THE ESTHETE TALKS,
AND FINDS FAULT WITH H
CRITICS.
New York, January 7.—Oscar Wilde at
tended the Standard theater thus evening,' and
saw the performance of “Patience.” He was
witli a party of ladies and gentlemen, some
of whom were from Boston, and with them
occupied a proscenium box. He was rather
fiashily dressed, and without making himself
at all obtrusive, gave the people in the house
a good opportunity to see him. It soon be
came noised about that he was in the theater,
and for the rest of the evening opera glasses
were leveled at him. When “Bunthorne”
came on the stage his prototype turned
to a lady, and said: “This is the com
pliment that mediocrity pays to those that
arc not mediocre.” After the opera he left by
a back door, and so escaped a crowd that was
waiting for him on the sidewalk. The per
sonal appearance of the esthete has already
been described. He is very tall, but is far
from being as conspicuous, either in dress or
manner, as some of the morning papers have
represented him! When engaged in conver
sation he Ls very engaging; his voice is musi
cal, and his gestures are graceful.
After a few introductory remarks about his
vovage across the ocean, which he seemed to
enjoy]exceedingly,he said to a reporter present
that he was sorry to read in the American
papers alleged interviews with him, which, if
true, were exaggerated unjustly and unrea
sonably.
I don’t mind being caricatured and made
fun of, sir; but I do object to being lied about.
I only saw two reporters, and as they were
apparently gentlemen, I treated tbem as such.
Although I have not had much of an oppor
tunity to see your city, I am delighted with
its magnificent sky and atmosphere I am
already convinced that I- Khali thoroughly
enjoy it and that it will keep me here for a
considerable time. I came to this country,
sir, as a stranger, but yet as a public man. I
am confident that I shall succeed, because I
am in earnest and am determined to achieve
my object. You arc aware already that one
of those objects is a lecture tour, and as art Ls
steadily growing in America I am assured
that it will 1)0 successful. Oue cannot readily
converse with a stranger about subjects in
which his whole life is deeply interested
“My philosophy, about which I have been
so grossly rtdicifted, is tiie appreciation of the
beautiful, and coarse indeed must be the in
telligence of the man who will knowingly
sneer at that which makes the world about us
so glorious. I have always loved nature in its
wild magnificent beauty. When I can meet
her in the wilderness amidst towering cliffs,
and hanging cataracts then I love her and be
come her slave. 1 have since I can remember
been impressed by the intensity of nature, bnt
alas for the past few years I have been unable
to gratify my longing. I have been a London
man and have been surrounded by nauerht bnt
smoke-a-id fog. It is in the midst of tlie city
life that I first saw all the follies of the pres-
sent society, and the grotesqueness of modem
customs. I admire tlie middle ages because
their social life was natural and unharrassed-
by petty rules. I approve of the medieval
costumes because they arc graceful, because
they are beautiful. Tlie surroundings of art.
no one doubts, enhances one’s existence and
makes life worth living. This talk about the
sunflower and lilly is nonsense, sir, especially
as I am represented gazing fondly over it. I
love flowers, sir, as every human being should
love them. I enjoy their perfume and admire
their beauty._
“I saw Patience, tlie comic opera, while it
was played in London. I fail to see its point,
sir, bnt think it a very pretty opera with
some charming ml sic. A» a satire on tlie
philosophy of tlie beautiful, sir, I think it is
tlie veriest twaddle. Before I had made my
mind up to come to America I had been in
formed that the Americans were very impres
sionable. I fine them so. sir, and am extreme
ly gratified. Grand ideas, sir, are
more likely to attain the ful-a
ness of their foliage in the soul of a*
new civilization than in the wasted energies
of effete governments. The cultivation of
estlieticism, sir, is a grand idea, and I am
ready to sacrifice my ‘life, enmity and amity’
in its successful development. ' Estlieticism
has not an enervating influence on society, it
redeems it front gross errors and cleanses it
from tlie accumulation of the scraps of ages.
I do not know, sir, whether or not I shall
make an extended lecture tour. It will all
depend on circumstances. Good evening!”
THE DAY’S CRIMES.
A Chtnumau Killed—A Texan Quarrel — Galllj of
Murder.
Louisville, January 3.—Detective Bligb, who
Bhot and killed a Chinaman Saturday night, had a
preliminary trial in the city court to-day, and was
discharged. After a toll heying oi the testimony,
the judge held that he was entitled toliis discharge
upon the grounds of self-defense, and if not, he
was justified in slaying the deceased, who was
about to commit a felony, to prevent said felony
being committed.
MISSOURI MURDERERS INDICTED.
Cape Girardeau, Mo., January 5.—The grand
jury brought into court to-day an indictment of
murder in the first degree against Alonzo Gibbs,
principal, and David Cruchon, accessory, for the
murder of Robert McHcyne Stead, at this place on
the 7th of December last. The trial is set for Fri
day. Stead wasacivil engineer,employed on thegov-
emment works- here, and was a married man. but
leaves no children. His widow resides in Michi
gan. He and a friend, William Stark, of Kansas
city, were waiting for a boat going south, when
the prisoners, taking them for some one rtse, fol
lowed them around, and locating them at Iiersch’s
hotel, waited for them to come out. Stead came
out fiist, when Gibbs, with an axe handle, gave
him a fearful blow ou the right temple, from
which he dfed in two hours.
OVER a CAME OP CARDS.
Galveston, January 5.—A special to the News
from Houston says a report has reached this city of
the killing of a man named Schmeicker by Pem
broke Dyer, an old and respected ci izen. The
killing was the result of a quarrel over a game of
cards.
Singular Death of a Ranchman.
Rawlins, Wy., January 6.—George Miller, the
sujierintendant of Stewart’s extensive cattle ranch
on the Sweetwater, seventy miles north of this
place, accidentally shot himself there yesterday
noon and died almost instantly. He had left tbe
dinner table and had gone into the saddle room
intending to ride out on the range when the men.
were startled by the sharp report of a pistol and
a cry from Miller, and on running into the nex
room found him on the floor to a pool of blood.
Ilis only words were* “1 am shot.” He died un
conscious within ten minutes. In taking down
from a peg nis pair of chupareros a brace of pistols
hanging over hi* leggings had fallen at his feeljand
struck the board floor. The hammer of one of
them, not being on the safety notch, was dis
charged, the ball entering his stomach and ranging
upwards. Miller was a man of property and
leaves a wife, son and daughter in Couucii Bluffs,
where he is well known. His body was brought
in over the mountains seventy miles by his em
ploye* and will be taken to his home on to-night s
express train. The ranch of which he was in
charge is one of the largest in Wyoming, the value
of toe cattle alone being over 3250,060.