Newspaper Page Text
HIE CONSTITUTION. ATLANTA. GA.. MONDAY JANUARY 3 (1887
FARMS AND FARMERS.
SHORT TALKS WITH FARMERS ON
FARM TOPIGp.
tf( ff Gotten 0o*d M • Manur®—TVbort to ftt
Ittr in the Ground for thf B*fttZffc?t'-9t-bU
Momo re ra lUi.t Joe a-Cow Manure ra
Ovir pored With Boree Man orr.
l*lan» for the Xew Year.
Ko enr ran achieve euoceea who merely drift*
With the current or fails with the wind. The
firmer may lead to whirlpool or hidden rorks,
the hitter to treacherous shorn or unseen roefs.
4nc most have a port in view, and with coin*
pars, maps and sounding line, steer for it by
tho raftst and most expeditions route. The
Jannor forms no exception to this brood state-
went. At the beginning of the year ho ought
to tee where he will land at the and of it.
In Othe r words, he should have well matured
plans and work constantly to them. Ho con-
not ah'.ftl to drift along, lotting odd day vug-
gist the work of the next. He must have
fitted purjto**, and summoning to
his aid everything which (an
•jarirt him, bold!/ confront tho obstacles in
his way and overcome them ss boat ho can. To
do this successfully ho must have full conltai
•f his operatives. A general with raw, Mulls-
eipliiud troop*, cot trained to snborilt nation
and o1 > c4T( nee to commands, in not more help
less in fare of tin- enemy than a farmer who
eaauwt control his laborers. Tho matter of
labor contracts is, therefore, one of paramount
importance At tho beginning of the year.
There arc three courses open to the southern
farmer lie can rent to tenants or (arm
on flairs with bta’laborer* (croppers), or
he can Lire hands for xtanding wages. Jt is
generally conceded that the last has heretofore
«lv* n the fanner the largest measure of control
ever his laborers. Until recently we have
always advocated it as tho bent Unquestiona
bly it hr-h uudor the usages which havo pre
vailed fi net-the war, nude the laborer most
•ubmi' .ve to tho behests of his employer.
Bat it is equally obvious to every observant
person, that on our worn farms and our ex
tensive syri*iw of cultivation and limited use
•f labor-saving Implements, that hired labor
absorbs too large a portion of the prollts of tho
fann. The landlord takes all the riskr, tho
laborer gets the same )my, whether the seasons
prove adverse or favorable. Eight bides to
thg plow is regarded as good crop-
P»»f* (me and a half bauds to the plow
Is not sn extsavAgaut estimate. It will take
at least live bales of ootton, at recent prices, to
jeff one and a half handr, leaving three bales
to tho plow, out of which tho landlord must
pay other expenses than labor, and got interest
on Ms iuvist mint, From this standpoint it
would seem better to give the laborer, ns a
cropper, one half of tho crop. Tho landlord
wsuld then got four hales of cotton out of tho
night, Instead of three, lint ran as many halos,
tel be plow, bo raised under the cropper system
ns nnder the wsgc plan? Probably under tho
latltnda und litorty allowed tho laborer
Odder the cropping system iu
fs*l years, smaller crops have been
raised than whore laborers have been hired for
WSges. Rut is this mervairily no/ Wo think
not. If tho farm hi turned over to the croppers
with liltlo or no supervision of tho lumllord; if
no arrangements ut r made to hold the c.roppors
steadily to their work; if they arc allowed to
feel that they arc jiartnerH of tho huidlord,
and as copaitucr* have an equal voice in tho
management and working of tho crop; under
such conditions, wo have no hesitation iu say
ing that tho crops would ho smaller. Hut re
verie Uie conditions; !«ot tho landlord take
tho cutiic control of his farm, pitch tho ernpj,
direct the work, bind his croppera to work just
as many hours in tho dsy, and Ju*t as many
dsjs in the year, ns if they had been hired for
wag's. In other word*, nrmngo every detail
cxlully nn it would ho under the wage system,
except that Instead of being |uld ill
mpnry, they nro to be |»id in a certain portion
•f the crop they make. Under such conditions
why should loss crops be raUcdjtluui undor tho
wage system.
Noth an arrangement N bolter for the labor
er a* well a* tho landlord. The nrgro hu
shown during llio last twcuty years, his inca
pacity to mu a fut iu or manage a erop. Ho is
lashing in executive capacity, has no organ!**
power, little system ordure-thought, and is
cnlly tempted away from his work, lie needs
to ko hodged in to hold him steadily to his
walk. For such reasons, he has proved
an utter (allure as a tenant
tenant. It is a ronious policy to
ton over the agriculture of the country to the
weft**, He Is unable to take charge of it. Ita
problems are too diflleult for him to solve, its
details too numerous for him to co-ordinate.
Taima under his control will go swiftly to ruin
-Iks soil washed away—mauure ungathorod
or wasted-cotton mmmI sold from tho faros in
stead of being returned to the land. A t o time
when brain In mum important than muscle,
tho farmer withdraws from the Held and leaves
tho hull in tho rhiua shop. If ono must have
tenants, make them subject to yonr order, plan
and direct the working of the erop; see that
the rows nro not run up and down hill, bind
tho cotton seed to the laud, lustit that com-
posts shall bo mads, and yuur land well ma
nured; see that n proper rotation Is punned.
Bor heaven sake abandon not this greatest in
dustry of the country to a race, who, after two
hundred Team of pupilage under tho most in
telligent end successful fanners of tho country,
have not learned what they daily saw and
practiced.
TAU: FA KM qtlMTlON MtlX.
hr. W. L Awes, enaferard the htshest and rafWt
agvfcaltural authority Iu ihe south. preside, mcr
tali >1« parluicot. lie solicits practical suggesUout
tltsn termer* and othersinterested.
PooyvWe, Ark.—l*t. Will the ancvouful
oempettuns for the prim offend l»y Pcott A Co.
plCme give a history of the imiIid 4tl»i> of tho
trrp that give- more tlmu l.uOt) pouuds of Uut
csttsn to the rate?
Jd. W ill Gsoryu W. Tniiti please slate the history
ol one year's cultltaUoo on his terrace- with what
hlpdof plow** how orten plowed? and the dis
tance In the drill that ho plauls corn aud cotton on
Ihe tetrsetf
•a Arkamar, the great enemy to the terrace in ste
•f onhUatlon liutotloat* unbelief of the state-
menu in TUB CWttmtTin*. Rc-pcrttaUy,
H. II. Colkmax, Uubyvlllc. Ark.
The above tenches poinU which interest
many vesden of TiikCo.nxtititjov. Will not
the patties alluded to bo kind enough to roply
teihoioi|uUies.-En.
J. T. II.. WraiDoint. G*.-iihr* ms the bast m vie
cf ullUalnsilit K-sves aud «era|Oii|t> of woods,
w here * great ftftanttt pof Item U coo veaivut to the
term.
Would ccmr-dstiug them *fch Uine aud straw,
bedding ou them wit* too frawdsof pbomhaM.
make i good f* rtr.tser fcr ration: Ours i* a wuidy
wbhaclajr sub roll oemwddii be bolter t.» h*u*
atmlsoves and tweadea* thorn over the lam! an t
plow them under:
Of ooutNo so much u> the material name J a*
ean hr used In Uttering *ta!la should be ntil-
teed la that manner. There is no better methM
•f rcnvcitiug it into uuuuio. Any available
•lares above that may bo most profitably ntil-
imAbf competing it with ashes and lime
•mebinrd or either alone, if the other cannot bo
Bad. Trw bushel* to three2-horse wagon load*
•f leaves, well tramped, is about the right pro-
portion. After the -leavse bare been thus
^ * - atha they will be m so-
able as plant food, ami may
then bo used like yard asnnre in
making corn rests with phosphate and kaiuit.
l’nt in the drill, asgathcrorl from the woods,
and pbosphato strewed upon them, they would
not rot foot enough to help tho crop roach the
flr*t year. Sor would broadcasting find plough
ing under do any better the first yuar, though
it would improve the land ultimately. By all
means reduce the leaves first by the means
stated, and then nsc them ns a basis for com
posts with chemical fertilisers.
W.W , Humber, On. ran you tell me how to
prevent green cotton erd (need for ms wiring cot
ton) tTom kllllug Ihe yonng cotton, and how to
prr |x»rtl»ii«ottoo m «<1 iu«‘«l and phosphate: also
its relative value e<>mpare<! with guano.
How mneh of some would pay t*e-t on couimun
red land per itcrt?
l*nt the giren cottonseed in the ground long
enough in advance of planting time for the
healing and the evolution of gav*-«, which
attend the heating and fermenting of the seed,
to hove AultidtJ. trreen seed ought to Ijo
laddedon early in February, otherwise they
are liable to remain sonnd and germinate when
the crop is planted, and Interfere seriously
with the lAttcr. The usual proportion of cot
tonseed meal and acid phosphate in one of the
former to three of tbc latter. This mixture
has given very excellent results. It is quite as
good as guano. Two hundred pounds per acre
is a mife and good np/dic.ition on the Jand des-
in rih( d. Sec that the tiro are very thoroughly
mixed, and that none of it comcx iu contact
w ith the seed planted. Cottoasced meal is sare
death to seeds in coutaet with it.
Ro< kwart. IKTendier 4.—Please inform me
what stable manure 1* worth i<cr ton compared
with commercial fertilisers. I have been paying
one dollar per load—lwo-lior*e.
Stable run mi re is a very variable thing—it
may lte wet or comparatively dry—its content
of fertilizing matter varies al**» with the amount
and kind of litter mixed with it; also upon the
amount of grain fed to the animals which pro-
dure it. It ia impossible, therefore, to give an
accurate estimate of the. value of any specimen
without onalyrifl, supposing it to bo of average
quality, two dollars a ton would not beano ver-
retimute of its value, compared with somuicr-
dal ft-1 ti list is. You know :il>out the weight of
the lonris you haul, and can estimate worth of
load from sImivo. Where the manure has to bo
ImuUd seme dbdnnro, the cost of hauling and
lint.dling niust be considered, of course, os ICO
f ounds of a concentrated fertilizer contains as
mn«h plant food u* !,»K«0 |H>unds of stuldo
manure.
R. L. tv.. MiVeJgfViUc. (in : Wlerc can I buy
the Kurt oat: J want to buy a nsek, I want to
sow them on land thr.t will inako a thousand
r>ouiids of so*'d cotum to the acre, without manure.
Whnt nmotint ot seed to mii acre?
rorrc«pond(til6 will p’ettse not ask tiv to
•tale where nit idea enu he had or what is the
price of them. Thin la entirely out of our lluo.
Tlu- mm«1 of the Hurt oat is not largo,and a bushel
of them will go further than n budiel of the red
lust-proof. Two bushels of them wotdd sow
an iiero «.f such land ns you describe, whereas
three bushcla of the rust-proof would not be
too much.
M. M. M(C., I n<.ratirc,(J»i.: Plense give tho value
of cotton seed hull u»h os a fertilizer, and how to
umj St on sweet js.tutocM.
H in hard to reckon the value of cotton seed
bull ash tut a fertilizer, Itecause it is such a
badly lfalnm cd manure. 1‘otash is very largely
ill excess of what it relatively ahoubl be, and
it ia diflicult to compound tho ash with other
suMnuccit, to na to establish a proper balauce.
It is also a very dangerous manure ou account
of itM very caustic properties. It should bo
u»cd in smnll quantities and, even then, very
largely diluted with nonething like wunmIs
mold, woodpile scntpiugi, etc. Iu igich combi-
nation it may be applied to Nweot potatoes at
the rate of ut>out loo pounds of ashes to tho
II. W. M« T , Climax, (in : 1 have five or six tons
of cow manure w hich 1 have kept under shelter
during tlu* months of April, May aud Juno. Please
tell rue what to put with the con manure to make
a ho«mI comtNwt for corn and cotton, and how much
to put to the acre on pine laud, with clay subroil.
There ia no lluir In tho laud, and not much of
anything cl e. My cattle gtaacd on wire groan.
Compared with liorso manure that of tho
cow im Icm active. fi nutttU more slowly and
contains a emaller perc<ntugc of nitrogen, pot
ash. phosphoric acid, etc. It is especially wont
ing in tho Iu*t substatuv named, phosphoric
acid. The addition, therefore, of acid phos
phate Is very clearly indicated. This will not
only supply the needed phosphoric acid, but
atm lime, inanmnch as about half the weight of
add phosphate is plaster (sulphate of lime). It
is probably true, also, that your soil is deficient
In potash, and thonglr cow manure eoutains a
pre tty good percentage of that substance, it
would probably be well to add some kaluit
also. Tbc addition of it little cottonseed meal
Would impart life aud activity to the inert cow
manure uml bring it iutuau available stab* more
rapidly. We anggest then the following: Thirty
Lunin I* of cow manure, 100 pouuds of acid
phosphate, fifty pounds of kainit and fifty
pounds of cotton seed meal. Mix well to
gether and apply to one nenv The quantity of
cow manure might bo doubled with advantage,
if you have enough of it to do so. Such lands
as you describe will not bear heavy doses or
active chemical fertilizers at once. Rut by ju-
diciont manuring and proper rotation and rest
—with a pea crop a* often as pouiblo—they
may be made quite productive, imperially will
thishotruo if a little of tho clay subsoil h
brought up occasiotuUly uud mixed with ihe
sni face soil.
F. C. It.. Atheiw. r,r. 1 have planted fifty Hue
larjTCpeeau outs, about elgliteeu feet a|Kir:. In a
grove; thought I would cut the grave mil when the
pecan tree.* i,nt to growing; plea**? Instruct m?
what lotto. Also will the Ktigll»h watuut grow
here am! do will.
As the pecan grows to quite a large tree,
eighteen feet will not be distance cuongh when
the trees are grown. Hut as you have planted
nuts, and some of these may (AM to come up, U
may have been well to plant aa near a« yon
did. At any rates they can be thinued out If
nccvwary. You were right In planting tho
nuts at once, instead of waiting until spring.
tV lit u oily unto, like tho pecan, are* kept dry
for a long time they do not germinate well.
Our practice has N« n to bury them iu tin*
Bov Jaou&rj Work Pays.
1st. firnd ua one new ••bscrlbor, or yonr
own dollar* sad yon got m vbanco in our
Xew War's dUtrtbntlon of prosoata.
til, fiend • Mubacrlbora and yon get fi
•haures to our Xew V par's preaoal box.
Sd. Hond fiznbsertbrra at ft! oaeh, and yss
g**l Hity «>no of our plrinrr*-firs
(otUertUed rUrwbere), and fi chances In our
»w Year's t>«*.
411*. Scud & iuh»rrih*xs, at St rarlu and
y«m gel S ebanecs iu our Xew Year's has and
by adding fit.-A you gc( a watch aud ckafa
free.
5i!i. fign*l |0 •utisrrtbera, carte, and
you g«t a watch and chain frro and tfi
cliMiirrslu our N« w Y«*ar*s present box.
Our (banco to tbs New \ car’s Present Bog
•nay prt you tbr fttAO present, or one or tho
ethers. Vow get a good paper and premlaan
anyhow, and a chance at oar proeeuts.
ft will psy everybody to got eubeorthors tmr
Tho CositttuUsa Im Jaausi}. fis in work
ground as toonIm gathered, and Id early spring
plant them in permanent place. Have raised
some very good trees in that way, vthi :h eznee
into bearing in about tea years from the plant
ing. On rich, strong and rather damp
land they bear earlier ^kin on
poor soil. If your pectus come up well, tho
trees should be removed .from [thefr immediate
neighborhood very soon. Tree# take pretty
much all the food and moisture in the soil for
some distance from thciy trunk*, and would
Hunt the growth of pecans very much. It would
promote the growth of the pecans .also to ma
nure them with a compost of robes and woods
earth, and to plow the land occasionally. They
make rather slow growth when young but bo-
towe strong and vigorous after a few years.
The English walnut sometimes succeeds
pretty well in thia country—have seen some
quite large trees in Athens, which Imre fair
crops of nuts. But they are not as hardy as
the )<csn, and not as long lifed.
T. fX Jt., Athens, G.: J have a silo pit, aud I filled
It with pen vines and covered with hoards. I open
ed It, and found It decayed ou top where It touch
ed the board*, and dry as hay in the center, und a
little water on the bottom. I rut them in ss «oou
as cot. 1 also pot some wood In the bottom of the
pit to keep ft off the ground. Ktock will not eat It.
want to try again, and would like to know whnt
o do. I welghte d It with wood.
Your experience with a silo is uuiquo—never
heard of ono just like it. It Is not uncommon
for the layer on top to de«-ay, but that the mid
dle portion should be dry like hay, is quite
singular. It If possible that you did not pack
it KQllicicutly when fimt put in, sud did not
weight it down enough, finally. Ono hundred
and fifty to two hundred imuuds to tbc aquare
foot, is the usual weighting. It ii possible,
also, that failure resulted from the pea vines
not being cut up or shredded. Those with
meat experience insist that ensilage should ho
cat up very line, so ns to allow very close puck-
ing in the pit. Mr. Or me, of West Point, has
demonstrated that pea vines and corn forage,
inn through sn ordinary spike ijrain threili,
will he sufficiently fine to Allow of the do-
tired closencts of packing.
FIELD CONTEXTS FOIt *18»7.
Hie rreinlumato be Offered by the National
Cotton ITantera* Association.
The premium list, so far as determined, is as
follows, subject to revision and additions:
Models of form residences, with plans aud
sieelfk aliens, adapted to tho cotton
states, to cost »1,000, Ft,WO,
(4.UU) and f5,0U0.-Premium ou each
plan 9 2,000
Mi del, with plans uud specifications, of giu
‘ m or horse power, to co*t
Ftf*.
Models with plana und>|>c(-tfi(*Ntltm*.«f c
hiuntloti tarn or stable for males aim
hone*, with nrrnnKcmMit for storing
hay and grain, with convenience* for
fcedlnv, and for Ihe protection of wagoua,
farm tuqdcinuitB, etc., for five, twenty,
undone hundred homes.—Premium on
Model*, including pinn* and *i<eeifi(-aUoua,
of rottagea for lalmrers, costing from I lot)
to EU), containing two, three uud four
n oma, with gallery uud conveniences.—
Trentlutn on each
For the l.o*t general crop, embracing cottou,
grain and grsMC*. in such pmimrtlon as
will moke tho cotton a surplus money
l or the greatest yield of lint cottou from ouc
For the grcatcit yield of ►heiied corn from
For the greatest yield oi threshed outs from
one acre
For the greatest yield of threshed wheat,
ryc^cow pens or barley, from one aero or
For the greutc-t yield of itay from one acre
of each ol iho follow lo« groaaoa, viz:
liuii.thy, (.c rniun millet, red clover, Her-
1,000
2,000
a.oou
(unuiis, rout lumas.—i renuum ou
each... M l.C
Kadi article contesting f«*r u premiuiiftbt
t*c u( < oiupanlcd riy a written descriptions of
time Mini mvtfc of pJnntlui? and rnftlmthiir,
ninonut and character of fertilizer* um-J*
( hnracter of land, etc.
For the tn-st acre of IoImicco J.U
For the IotrcaI y h id of sorghum from one
For the largest yield of ramie from ouc
For the largcsi yield of jute from one acre l|u
For the tart. chcaptMt and mo*t durable
For the second licit hate of short aluple cot
ton. weighing not lera than 430 pounds...
For Ihe Iwst l«lu of lone staple cotton, other
Hum tica Island, weighlux not less tlmu
4-0 pounds..^.
lc*s than 4/4) pounds...
For the brat cotton gin...
For the ivroud boat cotton glu
p ’ 7 .
For the best engine for steam gin, from ton
to thirty bon* pm ~
Forthe best cotton ch
fortho \
2.500
1.0W
1,000
_ MU
For n cotton picker or harvester of such prac-
Ueai value as to be a salable article ou tlu*
market... 10,000
For planter's manual or hand book of n tofu I
In formation, embodying greatest amount
ol information iu least space, book to bo-
come the property of the association....... 5,(XX)
For the brat seed cotton clenncr 2,0*)
For lire best cotton seed and grain crodier... l.o.u
For tho W*t cotton gtn ftedtr. t.Aio
For plantation cotton seed oil mill..........—. 2,.'«;>»
F« r iN-t tilenuuhiiie.... M .. 1,WJ
For home made fertilizer giving tiest result*,
with method of making and applying..., 2,000
For the best commercial fertilizer J.UOO
The persons coutestbig for acreage ami crop pre
miums will to required to make attdarll after cer
tain toims to to furnished hereafter.
Flsna of! uOdingn will to considered with refer
ence to their economy, durability, eotivcnleree In
saving labor.drainage, venttiatlou, protection hem
fire, heat aud cold.
The premium list, a* abovo printed, will bo
materially (hanged aud improved before finally
Oliion to one acre, and in many Instances. 2d, :id.
4th amt :*th premiums will be added.
Vet) rmccUnlly, F. C. MouciiKAD.
TrrriCt ut National Colton Haulers' Aatociallou.
Frorraiduiiat Etiquette
rreventa tome doctors (Vom Advertising their
skill, Imt we arc bound by no such convcntion.il
rules and think that if vre nuke a discovery
that la of tonefit to our fellow*, wo ougit to
spread the (bit to tko whole land. Therefore
we rau** to be pvbli&hcd throughout the Und
the fart that Hr. It V. Pieree's "Golden Medi
cal Discovery" ia the beat kuown remedy lor
consumption iserefiila of the lungs) snd kin-
dnd diseare s. Sen J JO cents in stamps for Hr.
Fierce's cumpletc traatUe ou consumption, with
uuxunwssed means of seif-treatment. Address
World's Dispensary Medical Association, fidl
Main street, Bnffiilo. N, Y.
1'i lnre Iturbidn In a Duel.
ITtv «r Ht xuxr, via Galveston. December
jv A duel w o> fought here yesterday between
I time Any. u»: In ! tin bide and Senor Carretlo, both
of v> hotn are memU-rx of the Jockey club. The
a vaiona used were sword*. The prin<*e wounded
hi* tttSRMiit in the shoulder,Put not dangerously.
Bask ache is almost immediately relieved by
wearing one of Usrtsr i fimart Wood Aid Bella*
doqpa Backscho Fiastera. Try ono And bo
froo (tom pain. Friew 2.5 esnta.
Horn** at Auction.
T1 * gre atest *»!e of korx-a ever held Iu Allanm
will to ou Wednesday, January, 12th, a*.
( hamlets A OD*'s >tol-!r«. corner llnntcvand Far
►jlh -treets. retumetving at lo o'clock sharp* ou
inatj’ute |w*e will sell to the highot bidder fix
c**h. two car Irate.iti fine \i**iug laarv* aul
horn*, fn-m A to S year* old, 14 to 15*, b axis hivh.
w * ighu'c fn«tn son to 1^X9round* ra< h, brwl (Y>»-1
thcKH-, h l.red trotting »(telk>us and out of well-
Fred Texas tnares. Every bor-eman. "jn4 c*;>
dally every dealer." should attend this rale, and
RM pteyatred to bur. as every IMMB Wfll to Bid,
tain or shine No p^v-t^mcment. no Hunt, no re
stive. Ait «tnck guaranieed to be a* reprraent^L
Cali at cfcamter*. * ( •> s»taMe. any day belbre the
•ale; examine ihe sum k and be loarinred that this
* tilt* a good chance to buy a boras at yonr own
« r*. We mean bonnes*. (Jnr time t* Uauied and
ait ohhfivd to scM. koynthlly,
EDUCATION AND MORAUTY.
A Critic Assails Hill Arp, and ths Cherokee
rhUosoplier Flics Duck.
Epitobr Comtitctiox: For years X have
been a reader of Tux Coxnrmn'iov, and have seen
much in the writings of Hill Arp to admire, hot in
Ids article cf November fioth there Is much that I
jmiFtdhKnlfrom. 1 will make a few quotations
from Mr. Arp'o letter, and comment as I go. He
my*. "Jn fact, it looks like the mord education the
less morality." This is hi* error Ko. 1. lie should
kuve mid tl;c more education the more conviction
Mid punishment for crime. Had Mr. Arp'* think
ing cap teen properly adjusted, he would have
found, substantially, this mous Answer to his above
quoted statement In the next quotation, which I
will now make from h!.* article, which I am now
reviewing, when he sayr: "Iu In'O there were 20,0U0
((rr.mtttal* to prlkou in that highly refined and cul
tivated hlate." [Mafcrachutettfl.]
Yes; Ms«achoxett* punishes her criminal*. But
the twenty thousand committals I most take cum
green Mlu u , for in the compendium of the tenth
ccniua of the United -utc*, l«»0, part2. pago K4d,
1 find under the title: "i'ri>ouers classified accord
ing to the plac e w here found, 1880," under the col
umn headed "tonUentiary, opposite the name of
the state of M&SKschmetts, the numoer of nerbons
to be 10*5. On the same page, under the head of
"Hared out,” opporitc the uame of tho rtate of
Georgia, 1 find the number of prlsonon ko disposed
(ff to be 1,504. As ex-’—-* '
I6f*9, the statlrtfcan mi
Georgia,own neither l .
(upied at> a penitentiary, but leased out (heir peni
tentiary convicts to private parties.” So it seetus
that Georgia’* "leared out” convicts outnuintor
tho*c found in the penitentiary of Maasachosett*
by 4]f), while MrosiurbuselT* population oiitnauib-
ers that of Georgia. This last seutenco is thrown
in—not u* a thrust at Georgia, but simply a punch
at Mr. Arp for writing: "The ratio at the south I*
far less than ut the north.”
Acsin. Mr. Arp writes: "It Is the wimo In New
York. (>nt of 2,000 convicts iu one prison. L'.4)0 had
received education In colleges or academies or ia
public schools. It is a fact that among the whites,
w here* there is the least educroion there Istho least
trin e." The authority—United fcta es census re
port—already quoted. give* the percentage of Illit
eracy in the htate of Kcwr York of persons from ten
years and upward to be 4.2 percent. Mr. Arpnbon a
that out of tho 2,800 convicts mentioned. 400 were
Illiterate. Fo wc have a per eentnge of illiteracy
mg there convicts of 17.:i, while the illitcra-.*y
. .. u only 11
orancc i*
_ _ proven by
the very figure* that he hlmrelf has fiirnishcu.
Aud again: "Where there i* the least education
of the average poptuatfaNlOf the state u
ho Mr. A nr* theory that ign<
the mother of innocence is air]
did not Abe Buzzard and his gang
cf outlaws seek the cultured pre
cinct* ot i'hllaililphla iu>tc<id of the roujh
i< nd unlettered rettleuicnts In the mountain* of
I’ennrylvanla? W hy did not the James boy* and
their (o-worker* operate iu uud about Kt. Louis In-
htcad of making their homes and haunts among
the Hide Mid unlettered cow toy* of the plain.‘
the u lined uud educated scitlon* of the *
all troubles aud disputes arc settled by the strong
arm of the civil law? How 1* it that a quarter of
a ctntmy since in Arkansas, Texas and California
the revolver tuid the bowie knife were the arbiter*
of all dispute.*, und still later, in Montana, Idaho,
tome ronton* of my own territory might made
right, nnd each man made such law* ns he felt will
ing to obey or nble to cuforro, and what
In’* brntu.hi about the chnugc aud converted
n.cet of there communities into peaceable aud
h w-uMdlnu one*.' Tho school ana the prea, the
two great cduuitors of our country, have been the
h ading factor* In bringing about these changes.
If Mr. Arp really believe* that "where there t* the
lean education there is the leust crime,” why does
he not act on the Idea, uud instead ot helping hi*
childicu. a* he tells us he i u doing, iu their studies
burn their took* nnd keep them out of school?
H« t-p them ignorant h> that they will be pure. Mr.
Arp.
Again, he tells us that tho ronthern people are
not dc*|»crnlely lmd, ami that Georgia ha* only i ts
u bite convict* In the penitentiary. 1 (rill let the
►riiic number of Tin: CnNSTtmtox In which Mr.
Arp’* letter appear* answer him on tin* point. It
ray*, in rtibriuncc, that:
At .Milburu, N. C., Win. Frazier had two fights
amt then tackled the tlurei and was stabbed to
death. III.’- slayer ex-apod.
I»r. (To**, of Arkansas, 1ms just toon sentenced
At fiilome boring. Itllcy Jackson abused his
mother. Hi* sixteen year-old brother, Ktrk, re
monstrated, aud theu in order to avoid n beating
shot and killed IU ley.
Two brother* in Atlanta have a difficulty aud arc
totli killed.
IU b Woodcy. who killed n mail who had Just
bun dlmtl.-reu, together with tho rest of the con
gregation, Ootn divine service, has Just boon arrest
ed after having stood the officer* oil’ for two year*.
A row occurred at a daut-c ut Iron Mouutaiu.
Mo., in which one muu wus killed aud threeothori
>U uded.
There ar. .
fifteen of them tolng white.
At Cedar Keys a drunken carpenter killed an ttn-
mown roan, tired twlco at a ja-aee officer and then
A ).oi.i*Inna couithouso has Just toon coal-oiled
Iu T
Uil.’Inta*. cut hi*own thrunt.
M. A. sargent colled J. It. Moore an "Arkansas
dude.” and Moore curved him up for Maying *o.
At Del Kin, Jan. Prewitt was shot In the back at
night nt.d killed. Oscar Carmichael, a young and
antic*ratio Virginian, i» tup}>oscd tube the ussos-
»in, and I* nuder arrest.
lira. IIUMcy, who shot and killed hi* brother-in-
law in Alabama, luts been admitted to toil.
Two iK-groe* cut a young man'* throat a short
time since, one of the murderer* was capture-1.
1 he mol* hung him awhile, then they let him down
and filled him full of lead, and then they burned
and two lady guc*K were killed and burned up iu
the house. John Worm aud hi* alleged wife arc
under arrest, charged with the crime.
Near Anting. Kite Taylor, u goodeltiieti vvm shot
to death for going to hi* door in tho night while a
band of masked men were trying to force their
way into a neighbor's home.
Now, Just nieh thing* hapj
Slid west, on are shown tc - - ..
the south. The fact Is, human nature in much the
same the world over, and education Is the thing
that ha* raised our race above their ravage ances
tor*. And It is the thlug that keeps us from rc-
lapsing into barbari-m.
in conclusion, let mo ray that while Mr. Arp
•Mure* us that there are only 1IX convicts In the
Georgia state prison, (tho peuitentiary must tunc
been built since lA8)i the atoro list of crimes in
duce* the tielief in mo that there are still ut largo
iu your state, a* well a* elsewhere, quite a num
ber of person* who ought to decorate a limb or re
tire Uhlud the bars.
Hill Arp Mukr* Reply.
Fun ok* Constitution: 1 havo perused in
inanitM ript the above review of one of my letter*.
If the writer i* in a frame of mind to believe what
he doc* hot w l*h to believe, a reply to him will not
to iu vain, and may pooribly affect other* who on-
tittnin like prejudice* against the Mouth. The
"great awakening" i* coming, I know, wheu the
forth will know the south, but maybo wo cau
irony is up a little.
Mr. Kora quote* a* error; "Iu fuct, it looks like
tlie mete education the le« morality."
ftt IfM, tiic National F^lucnUonalawreviation met
in Washington, D. (’., and among the able and lu-
titesting addreve* dellvensl wa* one from lion.
Jt or go T. Augell, of Man*uv burette, who raid:
( rime more than doubled in Maxsnchun-lUi in
tin years pn.w to l*7H. 1 n ts#V» there were I0.0W
(-mirittal* to cur petom*. In l*-7 -{uiotv than 20,000,
ltd in') show* a large Increase. In lN'2 tliero
)ere more commlUxU to JiawmchttscU* pri--
t»n* than In lv-1.
The Miorachractts state board of charlUc*. in
Ihelr Iasi annual report.-u*e there worels: "And
how we find that there is hardly a country In the
cftrlli/cd world where atroeUm* ami tlagrantcrime
l* so loiumcu as tu Ma**achu*ette."
I think we ore uo wonc off In 3Us*achnsette
than they arc In other state*. I hiring 1*4) there
were 71. iti* arrote daiIc In New York city. During
nine month* 22> dead bodies were taken from the
water* und buried a* enknowu.
1 l.c ustdin of the Maarachiuictts state prison in
hi* te.-tirnoor before* the UvtaUturv. said;
"I know or my own knowlctlge that there exists
in Itostcn a regularly organized society of crimi-
hats, with president, vice president, secretary and
ttearuier. It ha* a tegular form for admitting
mi niter*. The trlaou etch me tutor graduated
from, and hi* offence nud hi* knowledge of the
I ro« n. are all m-ordetl tn a book. The society
dlM-tnre * the a«M approved plan* of burglary, etc.
"It i* cot the ignorant ai.-ue that All the rauk*.
The chaplain at Anburu. N. Y., raid that the con
\U-u there <vn»titund one of the most IntcllUeut
andlet.cohc ever addrc*.H->!. Out of l.Do* pri»<>c
era 1,1*2 had rfreired a rn atrror ins education in
iidir^e*. teademitsaud i>ubl;e*■ hoote.
"it lv uot the uneducated alone Ihat unc ia train
ing fir crime, llow are wc going to thro Us
■itwth: it Is certain that edroation «f tin* iu’.c'
ltd will uot do -.t. That only give* 4nereared
»*>K<r. Nearly alt the critnlna!’* cf the Aiturc, the
thterr*. imrgter-., (heeiidiariei snd munk-ren are
now inourpnbitr K-hools. •
Mr. Vs** dv»e.> uot to Lev e lh« re were 20.OX) e.»m
mlttal* !n one • car Iu UaiBehtL-eitfc There were
dtubtlc** twice that numtor last year. Will ha
write m p-oaten and Dud c**r* Ue ray* hts a—ipen-
o.ujnof theiaitect>-D*ptna<!owu the number of
prtoct-r- in the.r peniuntiary at l.uM
1 hate the last eciuu* before me in all its details
and unahrfdgtd. and find on page folio, "pop
ulaticn," that Ma*aarbn*«>tt« hod. in 1***». -1.SI5
w htte convict* m her scale prison*. New York had
e J»c. and In both care* there ware exclwlve of the
fi mate*ofreforsnati-rte*. which ooustftute nearly
a* atony more. Georgia l* put down at 2)1 white
ccnvict*. and tiragls ha* bo reformatory pHmm
iteanteft—mm wftltt mmkukm * an#y
. Bi rei:fa»w MasHudrareKi Um •&°ol double that
number onu New York five tiraw 44 many.
Georg.a has now white convicts.. —— ""a.»«
Masmeliusetti had m 18e0
Uli them. Ht 'OOp.t’iiatMhira’Klfupooth:^;
envi-rv that Gtutui b& ( 1,604 b oceo out eon
▼lidR 7 Let me inform him that iall of these:
o«td save 14V. U e i.ava no penitentiary w nh wara
aud bur*, bat wo still use that word, aud It te the
right word, for it means a j.tece of pafttfhmcnt;, l
am net dealing w ith nt-rrocs now. They wc th.
nation’s ward*. I am coriparing ‘ rUne mnong the
white race north and scuta; and I Bttrua that ac
cr-rdinc to record* that uro verlfle*!, cruuo n-mong
the white* in the state r>t Oconria
hnv i* actually dliniulshin^* notwlOutetiding tne
^l/uT-Vr. Lora aasumev ibat this great lU.-piuity is
due to a "kjooeneus" In our laws and courM(in “«•
punishing crime. Ho believe* tiiat the crimes ure
committed—and right htrolcome to uhult, lor J do
• • -* * «1mt teo *r»' jest a>
vessful
........... ountry
nder Leaven. Person and property arc Just o* sc-
(sue here ns anywhere, und much more so than at
the nortli. I have had but one tramp to visit m>
house in nine years nnd cot half a dozen calls tor
charity—and yet I live on a very public highway In
otic ot (he most densely populated coauue.i. iJur
dcors ore never loeked, day nor night,
fpn Mr. JIoes -ray the same. He
fius corralled qnltc a catalogue
of (Time* from Virginia to Texas, to prove our i n-
fortunate condition. If ho will -jKjruse the local
Jtet” in ihe J- ew York Herald, or the Bo- ton Gmhe.
ot the Chicago Tribune, he will find abuudant
reading of that kind. lie need not review states
nor territories, but the city precincts will be
enough.
Now If Mr. Rora reAlly desires to convince me
that education is a good thlug, he is wasting his
time, for I know it 1* a good thiug. My rasertion
w ot tliat education docs uot |gevetit. or hludcr. or
lessen crime. My desire ""
fu punishing criminal* a* In any s
ev cm. or muuw.
—j to magnify the im-
yortanco of training the yonth in morality, in
truth, in virtue, in temperance. I feared that our
people had au idea that education wa* tho biggest
thing, snd the only thing, and I nought to awaken
them to their mistake.
Now- let n* make a table from the lari census to
show the illiteracy us compared will) crime:
l’er cent Convicts
State. ' ofil- to every
UtcPRcy. 10.000.
Mmsachust-tte - 3% -J
lork 2% 17
Jersey ^ ft
Georgia
Alnbjii
Ua
Missi^ipjjj..^^. 1ft 3
'J his table is strictly white—uot h negro, nor a
rhinuroun. nor an Indian is iu it. More than one-
filth of our white population in Georgia are illiter
ate. nnd yet Massachusetts, with all her education
and refinement, has fourteen times os many crimi-
AH this In
, and proven before In
the columns of Tttr. Constitution, I publish it
npnln as a Just tribute to our conservative und law
abiding people, to hontut yeomanry of tho land—
the toilers who. however unlettered, dare to love
their country and to poor. They aro now giving
their children a limited education, for it has been
placed In their reach. Our hope t* that those chil
dren will, at the same time, get that moral training
that made their futltcn the best citizens the world
"I!! fares tho land—to hastening ill* a prey
Who*** wealth accumulates and men decay,
1 tit a bold p(a*antry— their country's pride
\\ Leu once destroyed can never be supplied.”
Bill arc.
A Lie About tho Confederacy.
The Fort Worth, Tex., Gazette has the fol
lowing In relation to one of the many absurd sto
ries that arc being circulated concerning the civil
Some lime ago the Albany, N. Y., Journal pub
lished the following:
General Thomas W. Conway, at a recent tom-
pcrutHc meeting in Norn icb, repeated nu interest
ing rimy, told him years ago by Admiral Scmwcs.
of the pirate cruiser Alubaron.of the way In which
whisky started tho retolllon. According to
Hcmmcs, Just after the election of President I.in-
coln, a conference of southern leaders was held at
the r-t. Charles hotel, iu New Orleans, to decide
u I on the course they should take. At the opening
of the discussion of that conference the prevailing
sentiment, nnd a decided majority, were against a
tloclurutlon of war. The majority of tho cooler
heads when *obcr, were agaiuat war. The discus
sion continued till a into hour. At
length whisky and ice were brought up. The
numbers of the conference—#omo of them
sparingly at first—imbibed. Botllo after
lx,tile was produced. A* u result, those ut first op-
poed to war, under tho influence of drink, vvero
influenced by the others, particularly by Jcffcnon
Pavia and hl» brother Joseph, und when tho con-
feicnee broke up near daylight in the morning,
nearly (he cutirc body of southern representatives
v\ cte in favor of making war upon the flag and ttic
government.”
This wa* considered a famous temperance story,
nndwc - published with great parade by the Texas
Prohibition Advocate of November20. Somebody
thought enough of the matter to send it to the pres
ident of the confederacy, and under date of Decem
ber 13, ]ht45, he replied ns tollows, so the Gazette
give* It:
"John Penman—Dear Sir: Accept my thanks for
your kind letter of (he fid Inst., containing a slip
reciting the saying of otioThos. IV. Conway. I have
read the slip carefully, nnd a* you request, here-
v. Ith return it. Yon may confidently declare Mr.
quite sure my brother Joseph was not there
mi or about that time. The record of tho light-
liut»e board, of which Admired Bemmea wa* then
a member, will show where he was and I believe
establish Inc fact that he was then In Washington
city, I>. C. My brother and the admiral were strict
temperance men.
"Yours truly,
J Paterson Davis.”
• From Strange Wild I-ands.
From the Philadelphia New*.
•Sa/crac Lyre: Ir Zumbi is a family of tlcirty-
nine brothers, the youngest of whom is 89 years old
They Vive in thirty-nine house* side by side, and
belong to three thirteen clubs.
New York Times: At Timor, near tlic bland of
Java, there Is a plant called the devil’s leaf, whose
petals, to lug of a thorny nature, poraesa a filial
•ting wheu peuetrating the flcali. I once met a
gentleman in Honolulu who had U-ctr stung by
Inis plant, who barely escaped death, and who
had a great raw rare—like that sometimes m ule
If; the stlnearec of Southern Pacific waters -on lit*
left arm. He alluded to it facetiously a* hi* straw
berry mark.
Taconm Ledger; The island of Socotra 1* in the
Arabian sea, and Is situated 12)) miles K. N. K. of
Cape Guarelaful, the northeastern extremity of
Africa. It* capital, Tamarida, on the northeast
coast of the ialaud. is in latitude 12 deg. :U) min. N.,
longitude ft.) deg. K. The length of the i-teud, from
east to weri. Is seventy miles, and it* greatest
bieanth twenty mile*. It cover* an area of 1,310
square mile*, and U supposed to contain a imputa
tion of nearly ft.000, mostly Arabs, negroes aud
descendants of Portuguese, who, it is raid, ruled
the Island In the sixteenth century. Socotra has
for seme time past, and until too annexation re
ferred to, been owned by the sultan of Keshtn, a
(mail territory on the opjmrite coast of Arabia and
DYSPEPSIA
Causes Its victims lo be miserable, hopeless,
confused, and depressed in mind, very Irrita
ble, languid, and drowsy. It Is a disease
Which docs not get veil of itself. It requires
careful, per>tatcut attention, and a remedy to
throw off the ennses and tono up the diges
tive organs till they perform their duties
willingly. Hood's Sarsaparilla has proven
Jost the required remedy in hundred* of cases.
•* I have taken Hood’s Sarsaparilla for dys-
pepsia, from which I have suffered two years.
1 tried many oilier medicines, but none proved
so satisfactory as Hood's Sarsaparilla.”
TnoM \s Cook, Brush Electric Light Co.,
New York City.
Sick Headache
"For the pa>t iwo years I have been
afflicted with severe headaches and dyspep.
•ia. I was Induced to try Hood's Saiaapv
riila, and have found great relief. I cheer
fully recommend it t > nil.” Hite. L. F.
▲NXUUX, New Haven, Cona.
Mrs. Mary C. Smith, Cunfcridgeport, Mam.,
eras a sufferer from dyspepsia and sick head
ache. She took Hood's Sarsaparilla and
found U the best remedy she ever used.
> Hood’s Sarsaparilla
Md bj in dnusMk Itad.
on], byQ. LBOOU ft CO., Low.ll, Him.
100 .Dosos Ono _ DollwIa
A QUESTION ABOUT
Brown's Zron
Biters
ANSWERED.
r—it—* *■„
Bfiass
BROWH'SIBOiU^r^EHF
SSS3
(fcp’Smn^inERS.fe^
W’ANTKD—A SITUATION AS TEACHr.lt BY A
1? graduate of many years experience. Good
reference*. Addrcwi, Teacher, No, 21 E. Alabama
street, Atlanta, Ga.-
D
TRFATFn FREE. X
Have treated Dropsy nud Its compilestloni wltU
* >t wonderful Mice'era; use vegetable remedies,
. disappear, and in tea
two-thirds of aU symptom* arc ro*
moved.
Some may cry humbug without knowiug dny-
bing about it. Ketnemtor it docs not cost you any
thing to realize the merit of our treatment for your*
self. Wc are constantly curing cases of long *tand«
ing-( <im:h that have been tapped a number or time*
and the patient declared unabled to Uvc a week.
Give a rail history of care, name, age, sex, how long
nflectcd, cte. Scud for free ixunphlet, containing
tcriinu-ntall. Ten day*' treatment furnished froo
by mail. If you order trial, rend 10 contain stamps
to pay postage. Epilepsy (Fit*) positively cured.
II. U. GliEKN & ISONS, SI. D.'s,
V<0% Marietta Street, Atlanta, Ga.
Mention this paper. dcc28 wkyOin cow
IDEEDFE—AND — AFTEH1
Elutric in net m 30 Oaj,' TrUb
TO MEIIOItLY, YOUMQ OR OLD,
Tirno ar* raffertnc from Mibvovs Pi.oin,
V 7 Lost Vitaijtv. Lack or Rkbvi roars us
Viaos, WASTIXO Weft * V - V.EO, rad oU thora (llrasra*
ot m rnv>rjL Vatuum rttaniag from AMVtsr sad
Omsr. Ciu*u*. Bp-oly relict oml coapleto rcito-
ratlon of HJuzTii.vtooa and MiaaooD OCAaormre
Th«*graadsat(Ur.oo*er/of th« NluetraatU Oentorr,
WQtUSooeo tor UlsscroUd PaaphteS (row Addrw
V81TA18 BEIT CB„ MI8IU
faxaa thtepapor. uoru-Cm wed sun wiyeow
1 emptloni. Including garnishment of wsge^ eta,'
and either with or without tho mortgage danse, M
preferred, and printed so as to bo used In auy state,
-ting that they bring tliomonoy when other
forms rail. Send money in two cent siamns or
postal notes, and atato whether the mortgojto clause
is wanted. Address tho ConsUtution. Atlanu - "
da why
July-<3Cm toil thn^snn v»ky u > l
MUSIC GIVEN AWAY.
T O INTRODUCE WOODWARD'S MUSICAL
Monthly and our new winter catalogue of sheet
music in every family having a piano or organ, wa
will. < n rec eipt of 20 cents for poatsge, rend freo
ssropli* with ten rompictc piece* of our very* latost
popular vocal aud lnrirntncntal music, full sizo
printed on elegant heavy nutlc paper,
would cost E4.00 at mmic store*, we al?o pabllflU
THE NIGHT BIRD S COOING,
the very popular end beautiful waltz tong; mailed
for so (elite. WILLIS WOODWARD £ CO., J
812 snd Ml Hroadway, New York.
Name this paper. wfcylt
Mttraavfn
'nima-j
•rower of
runt Cos*
Inga Bay
no other
bUaftg ood ft
~WTw. TnoiirsoN, saithviita. a*.
Name this paper. nov? wkyiurosm
Southern Medical College,
ATLANTA. OA.
Next icsRion of this institution will begin Octobac
Ctb. too, snd continue until March 1st, lN>7.ftTbft
facilities of the school for giving a complcio medi
cal education arc perfect Full clinical Insiructioa
tion address
DR. WM. PERRIN NTOOIJJON. Dean.
P. O. Box Z'A. Constitution BuUelng.
DR. RICE,
For ig year* at jy Court P**“ —
S323IarketStrcct,l
InnUairmh, 1
aod btyotauft'
. a f.» rtoSt«( Mtraw la <rraa, uml nnm a u
J«*i*.«r-Ciftr ftftx, 1.4 ml, M« rent mte
Sw-I *>HU IhmtOiM. a*JdMjla3|re fetcSt «Mw
raaio«Mf,rt«i4a,ftarftML a («4m waraiar «rvretfC
UfUM «( teu, Ua J Imii riW,k.NiMa
Of.iqomraiui aareteaerarare
ted ia all Cut,