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DontSend
a Penny
Never agrai n will you be able t<rf>uy such
■ wonderful bargain as t his Knlen-_ng<aSsy-;" |
did, soft durable perfect ,5}
fitting', comfort- ’<»/
able Work and jjHgBjSE si/ 1
Outing Shoe at i'j
our lo'-- special lEPsS?®'/ JSW'HSgjffiJ® It
price. No use in ißwasW/7 Aa -A
paying*sors6for W>^//E£joS«V : '•%' I®,
shore that wont wjS/aMML. A
compare with WMwJMHffw . • - Z‘X
these wonderful RWgaS,’ •>-'&
grown mule-skin s '\sk
weather shoes. .; '■ -ggggt <\%
Only one pair to a jKctLW* 6 *-*.- ■Wyy i~. Lin
customer. Yoo ■ /S’; - r diBM
shouldn’t lose a .vffiyj; - raSW/agfe' v'-Jmß
minute in gath-rgwiiMt J7 <-< ... dM(IUH|w»4
ering in tbia JjpsjZl-Z.yS-- • ?
Bargain
JiHrWCK!
® raer w
Just the shoes
' Vw ’ riiiMaKSw' you want forwork
or outing. Spiendid-
ly made of serviceable
nHßßtjJw.jfi&CWpt?--' mule-skin leather, heavy,
double leather soles that
wont come off. Stylish, popular
toe for outdoor work or wear. Soft
and easy on the feet Half bellows dirt and water-proof
tongue. Color, mule-skin brown. Wide, medium and ;
narrow widths. Sizes,6tol2. OrderbyNo. AXIBO9-
Send No Money NOW
Pay only $2.98 for shoes on arrival. If after thor- I
ough examination, try-on and comparison with the
greatestshoebargainsyoucan find.you are not delight- .
ed with these great mule-skin Work and Outing Shoes,
return them and we will at once refund your money, !
LEONARD-MORTON & CO., Dept.62B4 Chicago
- ‘~TZZZZZZ '
SendNo Money
Don’t mits thfg chance to cut your tire coat DQv fiSH
50% and more. We ehitf at once on ap- gig!
proval. These ate standard make used M|
liree, excellent condition, selected by oar v|
experts—rebuilt by expert workmanship* V
Can readily be guaranteed for 6500 miles. &X> B
NOTE—These are no: used sewed to- ||
gather tiree—linown as double treads. fx/W* P
I
30x3 .$5.50..51.60 34x4 .$ 8.75..52.60 I XJ< f
30x314. 6.50.. 1.75 84x4M. 10.00.. 3.00 | %OC i !
31x3«, 6.76.. 1.85 35x4«. 11.00.. 3.15 OQ> |
32x35i. 7.00.. 2.00 36x414. 11.50.. 3.40 f
31x4 . 8.00.. 2.25 35x5 . 12.50.. 3.00 KK E
32x4. . 8.26.. 2.40 36x6 . 12.75.. 3.65 jOC £
33x4 . 8.50.. 2.50 37x5 . 12.75.. 3.75 GSC Es™
IUB9TC Remember, we guarantee your -Lfi
ffKIIC perfect satisfaction. Pay only Yl?s
on arrival. Examine and judge for your- vV~r W1
self. If not satisfied—Send them back at tOd VZ
our expense. We will refund your money
without question. Be sure to state, sue
Wanted— Clincher, S. S.. Non-Skid, Plain. 'Ejssz
CLEVELAND TIRE AND RUBBER COT
Michigan Avenue, 3105, Chicago, 111.
NINE MONTHSTO PAY
Immediate possession on ——
liberal Easy Monthly Payment fift-y-o , I
plan—the most liberal terms ever epffijoSu.
offered on a high grade bicycle. ! AflENrsßfialKS (
FACTORY TO RIDER prices
■ave you money. We make our M ‘JSi iclXj
bicycles in our own new model wE’yil
factory and sell direct to you. We qiA/Lsi ZreftsL
put real quality in them and aur In&uuKi v X
bicycles must satisfy you. affitgSiL.wA tj
44 STYLES, colors, and sizes
to choose from in our famous 'StY’fytisE'ctM.t .£4
RANGER line. Send for big, 41 fl i
beautiful catalog. fWAvrai illjHQjVJa
Many parents advance the -V ?r
first payment and energetic boys j I
by odd jobs—paper routes, deliv- - f»IV H
ery for stores, etc., make the bicycle earn Wiiim/S
money to meet the small Payments. h I/»
DELIVERED FREE on Approval and 30 'xili/Jr
DAYS TRIAL. • Select the bicycle you want
and terms that suit you--cash or easy
TIDFC wheels and parts for all bicycles—at half
I Inuw usual prices. SEND NO MONEY but write
today for the big new catalog, prices and terms.
MB? Aft CYC? - E COMPANY
IVB v Dept B-isoChicago
Hliil&feJßoofing
at Factory
1 ce 8
"Ree” Cluster Metal Shingles. V-Crimp, Corru
gated, Standing Seam, Painted or Galvanized
Roofings, Sidings, Wallboard, Paints, etc., direct
to you at Rock-Bottom Factory Prices. Positively
greatest offer ever made. *
Edwards “Reo” Mela! Shingles
eost less; outlast three ordinary roofs. No painting
orrepairs. Guaranteed rot, fire, rust, lightningproof.
Free Roofing Book
Get our wonderfully
fillFFßi low prices and free
Samples. Weselldirect
31 " to you and save you all
in-between i
M profits. Ask for Book.Ur
"' rs? No - 5^ 53
LOW PRICED GARAGES
Lowest prices on Ready-Made ■■ JF JS
Fire-Proof Steel Garages. Set
up any place. Send postal for
Garage Book, showing styles. ImM 1 1 ill i
i THE EDWARDS MFD. CO., UfnjßWWraO
6303-5353 Pike St. Cincinnati,o.
iCh E* sll Mink and Muskrats
VUICn T isn 9 in-large numbers, with the
New. Folding. Galvanized
Steel Wire Net. Catcher
them bke a fly-trap catches flies. Made in all sizes.
Write for Price List, and Free Booklet on best bait ever
discovered for attracting all kinds of fish. Agents wanted.
WALTON SUPPLY CO. R-22. St. Louie, Mo.
RHEUMATISM
RECIPE
I will gladly send any Rheumatism euf
ferer a Simple Herb Recipe Absolutely Free
that Completely Cured me of a terrible at
tack of muscular and inflammatory Rheu
matism- of long standing after everything
else I* triqd bad failed me. I have given
It to many sufferers who believed their
cases hopeless, yet they found relief from
their suffering by taking these simple herbs.
It also relieves Sciatica promptly as well as
Neuralgia, and is a wonderful blood puri
fier. You are welcome to this Herb
Recipe if you will send for it at once. I
believe yon will consider it a God Send
after you have put it to the test. There is
nothing injurious contained in it, and you
can see for yourself exactly what you are
taking. I will gladly send this Recipe—
absolutely free—to any sufferer who will
send name and'address plainly written.
W. G. SUTTON, 2650 Magnolia Ave.
Los Angeles, California.
(Advt.)
Government Shoes .
$2.90
We hare purchased
direct from the Gov
eminent 20,000 pairs .
of GENUINE RUS
SET ARMY SHOES,
which we are repair
ing with oak leather.
Worth sl2 wearing value. Our price $2.90.
Send sl, giving size desired, and we will
ship the shoes, balance on delivery. Satis
faction guaranteed. NOTE; Men’s sizes, 5,
5%, 6, are the shoes for the boy’s
vacation. Special price on these sizes, $2.79.
Kingsley Tire & Shoe Shop
3850 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, 111.
RUPTURED?
TRY THIS FREE
New Invention Sent on 30 Days’ Trial With
out Expense to You
Simply send me your name and I will
•end you my new copyrighted rupture book
and measurement blank. When you return
the blank I will send you my new invention
for rupture. When it arrives put it on and
wear it. Put it to every test you can think
of. The harder the test the better you will
iwre It. You will wonder how you ever got
along with the old style cruel spring truss
es or belts with leg straps of torture. ‘'Your
own good, common sense and your own doc
tor will tell you it is the only way in which
you can ever expect a cure. After wearing
it 30 days, if it is not entirely satisfactory
in every way—if it is not easy and com
fortable—if you cannot actually see your
rupture getting better, and if not convinced
that a cure is merely a question of time,
just return it nnd you are out nothing. Any
rupture appliance sent on 30 days’ trial with
out expense to you is worth a trial. Tell
your ruptured friends of this. EASYHOLD
CO., 1005-E, Koch Bldg., Kansas City,
Mo.—(Advt.)
THE ATIiANTA TKt-VVENKIiY JUURNAD.
AKD successfulfarmikg
by Andrew K Sovle
Influences Affecting- the Quality of
Fork
The rapid rise in hog production
in Georgia has attracted nation- I
wide attention. At the present time |
Georgia stands sixth among all the
states in this respect. We have
gone forward by leaps and bounds
in this particular industry, which
promises even greater things for the
future than have been accompliniied
in the past.
There are various reasons which
Slave contributed to the great de
velopment we have witnessed in
swine raising in Georgia. Among
these none has been more potent
than that of the advent of the boll
weevil into southwest Georgia.
When it crossed the line from
Alabama it became immediate
ly apparent to farmers in
that section of the etate that a new
type of practice must be instituted.
In view of the success which had
been had in raising hogs on grazing
crops it was natural that this line
of work should be emphasized. It
was soon discovered that hogs could
be carried for the greater part of the
year on foods produced by nature
and harvested through the agency
of the hogs themselves. It was
(juickly discovered that pork could
be very cheaply made in this man
ner and that the profits of the farm
would be quite as great where this
type of practice was pursued as when
•all-cotton farming had been fol
lowed.
Under such conditions It is not
surprising that the hog industry
should have developed so rapidly,
particularly in the southern part of
the state where the natural condi
tions and environment are so favor
able to this industry. <
While the raiser of hogs has thus
found the great majority of factors
with which he has to*deai accruing
to his advantage, he has met with
one problem which has caused a
great deal of loss and annoyance,
and about which it is desirable to
secure specific and essential data as
soon as possible.
Peanuts have . naturally proven to
be the main grazing crop for hogs.
They can be produced most abun
dantly in the somewhat sandy or
sandy loam soils of south and south
west Georgia. It is a crop which is
relatively easy to plant, fertilize and
cultivate. It may be planted on sev
eral successive dates. It does not
take a particularly long period in
which to develop and mature. Cer
tain varieties of the nuts will stand
in the ground for a long period of
time. The crop is adapted for
growth on soils of a lighter type
than many other standard farm
crops. It is npt an exhausting crop
to the soil because it gathers its
own nitrogen for the main part out
of the air. Hogs are very fond of
peanuts and will harvest them suc
cessfully. Thus the.cost and labor
involved in handling them is avoid
ed. In other words, the principal
item of expense in connection with
this crop is the planting. It is a
Crop, therefore, of wonderful po
tentialities for the section of the
state in question and, as can already
be seen from a review of the figures,
has become the basic factor in tne
development of a great new hog
raising center in the United States.
The peanut, therefore, has be
come a factor of national inport
ance in our agricultural economy. It
constitutes the means by which we
are to institute and develop diversi
fication in the southeastern states
on a plan commensurate with our
needs. It is to furnish the primary
concentrate necessary to supplying
the nation with an ever-increasing
amount of pork at reasonable prices.
It will enable the section of the
country primarily concerned to
change its practice so as to minimize
the damage the boll weevil would
otherwise effect. There is no crop,
therefore, of greater importance or
concern to our agriculture at the
present time.
What constitutes the factor of
trouble in so far as the peanut is
concerned? It is this: Hogs grazed
on peanuts produce, so we are told, a
sjpft pork.. Great objection to ani
mals finished on peanuts has been
raised by the packers bceause the
hogs thus finished shrink excessively
and produce a soft meat as well. On
this account buyers of hogs in large
numbers have established al system of
dockage on all animals finished on
peanuts. This has varied at times
from 1.5 up to as high as 3 cents, and
hence constitutes a serious loss to the
hog owner and has produced a great
deal of unrest and dissatisfaction on
that account. The true status of this
matter is still considerably obscured.
It is claimed by man that the ten
dency toward excessive shrinkage and
softness can be overcome by feeding
hogs on various concentrates for a
certain-period of time after they have
been removed from peanut pasturage.
There is no question of greater im
portance confronting our farmers at
this time, and any data or informa
tion which has been accumulated' rel
ative to this subject Is a matter of
great concern to our land owners and
worthy of the widest dissemination.
In this connection it is proper to say
that there is no full agreement as to
the percentage of shrinkage produced
by fattening hogs on peanuts. Some
investigators even cleaim that the
shrinkage is negligible and has been
greatly exaggerated. Certain investi
gations conducted indicate that pea
nut meal can be fed for considerable
periods of time without materially af
fecting the quality of the pork. As a
matter of fact, we do not know just
what causes soft pork as yet. Ex
tensive tests have been made in an
endeavor to determine this fact by
various investigators.
A summary of the results obtained
by Shutt and Day indicates that
where pigs are fed on a ration rich,
in protein they dress somewhat lower
than if they are fed on a ration of
corn. Where pigs are fed on rations
rioh in protein they produce a larger
quantity of blood and develop heavier
liver and kidneys than those fed on
more carbonaceous rations. Protein
fed hogs seem to develop larger ten
derloins or a higher percentage of
lean meat than hogs fed on carbona
ceous rations. Corn-fed pigs yield
more leaf lard than others, while the
breaking strength of the bones of
hogs fed on protein-rich rations is
higher than in the case of hogs fed
on carbonaceous rations.
It is a peculiar characteristic of the
hog to put on fat, and even where
they have been bred along the lines
of bacon production they will quickly
assume the characteristics of the so
called fat or corn-fed ,hogs if sup
plied with the proper kind of ration.
There has been much trouble with
the so-called soft pork even in coun
tries where the peanut does not grow
at all. . In those sections attempts
have been made to feed beans and
other legumes in place of peanuts,
but strange to say crops of this char
acter have a more marked effect in
producing soft pork than corn.
The conclusions of many investi
gators indicate that lack of maturity
has something to do with a tendency
to the production of softness of pork.
Thin hogs show a marked tendency
to the production of soft pork.
Tn other words, sending an
imals to market before they
have been properly finished
should be avoided. Where hogs
are not thrifty they almost in
variably yield a soft bacon. If hogs
are not given an abundance of exer
cise the meat is likely to be soft.
Exclusive meal feeding appears to
produce soft pork, though there are
some exceptions to be taken to this
statement. Corn itself will produce
soft pork, though there may be many
opinions to the contrary. This ten
dency on the part of corn is modified
by mixing it with other meals or by
feeding it with skim milk. Corn can
not be regarded, however, as the
most satisfactory food for producing
the so-called bacon type of hogs. It
will thus be seen that corn may un
der certain circumstances produce
about the same condition in finished
hogs as charged to peanuts.
In certain tests recently concluded
at the Oklahoma station it appears
that a greater shrinkage was evi
dended in the case of meat derived
from hogs that had been fattened on
peanut pasture than where the hogs
were fattened on peanut pasture and
then finished on concentrated feed.
While there was a decided improve
. ment in the carcass as a result of fol
lowing the practice’indicated above,
this plan of action did not entirely
overcome the effect which peanuts
are supposed to exert on the meat.
In other words, the hogs which were
grazed on peanuts and then finished
on concentrates showed a greater
carcass shrinkage, d lower melting
point,and a higher iodine number for
the meat than those handled in a
different manner. These experiments
indicate, however, that at least 11
per cent of the total concentrated ra
tion could be made up of peanut
meal without exerting any objection
able effect on -the meat. Where a
little cottonseed meal was added to
the ration the melting point of the
fat was raised and the tendency to
the production of soft pork on the
part of peanut-fed hogs minimized.
These represent the principal facts
which can be gathered together rel
ative to this question and they indi
cate definitely some points which
should be avoided and direct qur at
tention specifically to certain factors
to which we should give greater con
sideration in the future. It is evi
dent that hogs should be selected and
fed out more uniformly than is now
the case, that immature animals
should not be sent to market, that
unthrifty animals will not produce
the best quality of meat, that if no c s
are finished on peanuts alone there
will be some considerable shrinkage
in the carcass and a percentage ot
the meat will undoubtedly be sott,
and that these conditions can be
overcome to a certain extent by pen
feeding for some days before ship
ment. Just how long this should be
is still a matter of conjecture. _ The
use of a mixed ration containing
some peanut meal is ’. P erl ” I lssl J > }®'
There should be a considerable per
centage of corn, apparently, and a
small amount possibly of cottonseed
"where these suggestions are fol
lowed out it is probable that consid
erable relief may be anticipated and a.
better price obtained from the am
mals sent to slaughter.
Management of a Sick
J A. E., Rome, Ga., writes: I have
a hog eighteen months old and she has
large round bumps all over her. She
seemed to have asthma for a while
and her tongue swelled, but she is better
now, but she will not fatten. I have
been feeding her on shorts and corn
meal. What was her disease and what
shall I do to put her in good condition
again?
There are evidences to indicate
that your hog may have had a case ot
cholera which, instead of. proving
fatal, developed into what is known
as a chronic type. This does not de
stroy the animals, but frequently
makes them very sick for relative
long period” of time. When a recov
ery is made it is seldom complete,
and such anime Is rarely prove profi
table. to retain as breeders or feeders.
The asthmatic condition about
which you Write indicates tha* she
may be suffering from an infestation
of lung worms. Hogs so affected
generally cough a g?od deal and are
troubled with difficult breathing,
while mucus is often expectorate! to
s-jme extent. An examination of th.s
mucus will often show the presence
of small, white, thread-like worms.
There is no very sat is fa co try treat
ment for lung worms. .
The best thing you can do ’s te
confine this animal in a tent or closed
room. Then take sulphur and burn
it over live coals. Keep your head
on a level with that of the hog to
be treated and, when you can stand
the fumes no longer, admit fresh air.
This treatment may be repeated sev
eral times. If the bowels are, not in
good condition, regulate them w th a
dose of laxative medicine, and then
feed a rich, nutritious diet male up
by reducing shorts to a thm slojj
with skim-milk or buttermilk. Pro
vide your hog with a mixture of the
following materials which should be
kept in a box accessible at all times.
This is not a costly mixture to pre
pare, but it is very valuable for use
in association with a group of hogs
as it supplies them with essential
mineral matter, helps to regulate
the digestion and keeps them in good
condition, generally speaking:
One bushel of charcoal.
One bushel of wood ashes.
Eight pounds of air-slaked lime.
Eight pounds of common salt.
Four pounds of sulphur.
Two pounds of pulverized copperas.
Mix thoroughly and allow the ani
mals to have free access to same at
all times. Keep in a dry place.
Using Acid Phosphate Under Cotton
S. M. N., Rising Fawn, Ga., writes:
I have a rich gravely loam that I want
to put in cotton. How much acid should
I use and should It all be applied at.
planting time? I have two loads of
hickory wood ashes and some stable
manure. How are these best used?
Would you advise sowing grass seed
alone or with oats? What is the best
way to remove the horns of young
calves ?
Under your circumstances, we
would use a minimum of two hun
dred pounds of acid phosphate per
acre, all of the material to be put
under the drill row at or before
planting the cotton.
The hickory wood ashes should be
distributed broadcast over the sur
face of the ground at the rate of
1,000 pounds per acre. ■ Used in a
smaller amount than this, they will
not furnish enough potash to the
land to be of any material benefit
to the crop grown thereon. Even
though you have an insufficient sup
ply to cover all of your land in the
manner indicated, I would prefer
concentrating the ashes on a limited
area rather than use a small amount
over a large acreage.
Stable manure in large quantities
should be broadcasted over the land
and worked in with a disc harrow.
If the land has not been plowed, then
it m&y be turned under. Ashes
should be broadcasted in the manner
described and acid phosphate put un
der the drill row.
Grass seed, in my judgment,
should be sown lalone rather than
with oats. Cover the seed lightly into
the soil with a weeder or a good
brush.
The horns of young calves may be
removed through the use „pf lunar
caustic. This should be done very
shortly after they are dropped and
before the buttons, which you can
feel under the skin, attach them
selves to the head. It is impossible
to say how much caustic should be
used at one application or how often
it should be repeated. Shaving the
skin is all right, though we seldom
go to this trouble. One or two fair
ly good applications are generally
sufficient, but the over-burning of
the buttons is to be avoided as much
as the under-burning. It would not
do to wash the caustic off immedi
ately, but it should not be applied
in such away as to run down the
face of the calf, as it might burn
the face or even injure the teye.
The Composition of Commercial Fer
tilizers
.1. L. J., Nicholson, Ga., writes: A
few days ago I bought some fertilizer
and it was sold to me as 9-3-3, but on
the bag it read 9-2.47000-3, and I bought
some 10-2-2 and it read on the sack
10-1.65000-2. I would be glad if you
can explain this to me. Will a 9-2-3
and a 10—2 analyze the same. Dealers
say they charge so much per unit.
What is a unit of fertilizer? What has
been proved to be the net gain where
1,000 pounds of fertilizer are used
under cotton?
With regard to the fertilizer
formulas, permit me to say that the
9-3-3 means that the fertilizer in
tjuestion contains 9 per cent' of avail
able phosphoric acid, 3 per cent of
available ammonia and 3 per cent of
available potash. The 3 per cent of
ammonia is equivalent to 2.47 per
eent of nitrogen. You only secure
the amount of nitrogen indicated
above instead of 3 per cent. We do
not think that you have probably
been misled about this matter, how
ever, because as I understand it the
tag attached to the fertilizer shows
that it contains only 2.47 per cent
of nitrogen. 9-2-2 and 10-2-3 could
not analyze the same, as one con
tains 1 per cent more of phosphoric
acid than the other. If you consider
it the other way round, one contains
1 per cent more potash than the oth
er. The correct chemical analysis
would show, therefore, the composi
tion of the one to be 9-2-3 arid of
the other to be 10-2-2. A unit of a
fertilizer is 1 per cent of one ton,
which is twenty pounds. A ton of
fertilizer of course may contain, as
DON’T WASTE TOO MUCH MILK
DOWN THE THROAT OF THE CALF
What ‘is the least amount of
whole milk I can feed to my calves,
and still raise good animals? That
is a big question with farmers to
day, especially in those sections
where milk is' as market milk,
say dairy specialists of the United
States department of Agriculture.
Milk worth 10 cents a qpart dis
appearing down a calf’s throat has
caused many a dairyman to stop
and think very seriously: Does it
pay?
To make it profitable, it is im
portant not only that a more eco
nomical system of feeding and rais
ing calves be followed but that an
imals of better breeding be raised.
Sow Much Whole Milk per Calf?
In planning an economical ration
the amount of whole milk included
is of great importance, and the
smaller the amount that can be
fed and still raise good animals
the cheaper will be the ration.
Roughly speaking, an ordinary calf
can be raised successfully on about
270 to 320 pounds of whole milk,
fed along with other feeds. For
the first day or two, of course, the
calf is left with the dam, but from
then on until the end of 10 days
it should receive about 1 pound of
milk for every 10 pounds of weight
at birth. After that time the milk
may be gradually reduced until at
WATCH THESE POINTS
Feed only small amounts of
milk for the first few feeds.
Do not overfeed. Scours, stunt
ed calves, and deaths are caused
largely by overfeeding. A pint
of milk weighs a pound. Meas
ure or weigh the milk for each
calf. Do not guess at it.
Feed regularly twice a day.
Have the milk warm, sweet,
and fresh. If the milk is poor
in quality, feed less of it, not
more.
Feed grain and milk from
clean boxes and buckets. Buckets
should be vzashed and scalded
every morning.
the end of 60 to 80 days approxi
mately 300 pounds of milk has been
fed.
Suppose, for instance, that a calf
weighs 50 pounds at birth. Accord
ing to the feeding schedule it would
The Jack Bean, a Vegetable
Gold Brick, Farmers Get Busy
Savage disciples of Voodo worship
in the American tropics ascribe
supernatural powers to the jack
bean. These tribesmen plant a row
of seed around their rude gardens
in the belief that the plant will pun
ish trespassers. This custom was
doubtless brought by negro slaves
from Africa, where the very similar
sword or fetich bean is thus wor
shipped. But the Bureau of Plant
Industry, United States Department
of Agriculture, fails to support this
weird belief concerning the bean.
Nor do these scientists find much
else to recommend this plant stran
ger from the West Indies.
The jack beans, it appears from
abundant experiments, is a
plant. It is not unusual for the
seeds in their 14-inch pods of a
jack-bean plant to outweigh its own
herbage; and the herbage, if cut
green, frequently crops at the rate of
16 \to 20 tons per acre. This won
derful productiveness makes the
bean a favorite of the get-rich
quick gentry who seek to introduce
a hew and marvelous commercial
plant. This popularity among un
scrupulous promoters accounts in
part, at least, for the numerous
Clean Up the Stable Fly for He Spreads
Disease Among the Animals
Have you ever tried to sleep on a
hot summer night when just one
tnosquito had crept through the
window screen? Imagine your state
of mind if that single mosquito
were multiplied by 100 and you had
your hands tied!
That sensation, according to the
Bureau oY Entomology, United
States department of agriculture, is
something comparable with what a
horse, jnule, or cow endures when
the stable fly* is present in great
numbers.
The stable fly greatly resembles
the ordinary house fly but for the
lance with which he is armed. It is
known that he carries disease from
'infected animals to healthy ones,
and there is Some ground for belief
that the insect aids the spread of
spinal meningitis among human be
ings.
you will see, several units of any
given element.
We have made no experiments to
test the value of fertilizer on a one
half ton basis. We have applied,
however, 640 pounds of fertilizer to
cotton grown on the Tifton sandy
loam. This is one of the best types
of soil found in south Georgia, and
I presume there is a good deal of
/it in your section. The fertilizer
used contained 10 per cent of avail
able phosphoric acid, 4 1-2 per cent
of available nitrogen and 7 per
cent of available potash. The re
sults of a five-years test show that
the use of this formula increased
the amount of seed cotton 456
pounds per acre over no fertilizer.
When this fertilizer was used in
association with yard manure, the
increase over no fertilizer was 52.1
pounds per acre, and when used with
lime, the yield of seed cotton was
increased 484 pounds over no fer
tilizer. The foregoing formula would
cost about $20.48 per acre to apply
at the present time. The increase
of lint cotton was 152 nounds and
upwards per acre, so that the profit
from the use of this formula under
the circumstances described was
around $40.10 per acre. The value
of the seed should pay for the labor
costs involved.
Destroying Wild Onions in a Pasture
A subscriber writes: I would like to
know how to get rid of wild onions in
my pasture. The ground is covered
with Bermuda grass and dead broom
straw and weeds from three to five
feet high. /No cattle have been in the
pasture for three years. Would burn
ing help the pasture and get rid of the
onicns ?
You cannot get rid of wild onions
by burning over the surface of the
ground at this season of the year.
The bulbs are covered well into the
soil and would be protected against
the passage of fire. The only way
to fight this pest successfully is by
plowing the land shallow several
times during the year. It Is espe
cially desirable that this practice be
followed in the fall and winter. When
this method of cultivation is under
taken, the bulbs of the onion are
brought close to the surface of the
ground and will be destroyed by hard
freezes in consilderable numbers. The
continuance of this practice for sev
eral years would help to reduce and
eliminate this pest.
I also have found the use of
smother crops of considerable advan
tage in fighting wild onions. Some
crop which covers the ground very
closely like velvet beans would be
good for this purpose. As soon as
the beans are harvested, grazed oi
turned under, plant the land to oats
or to some other winter growing
crop. The continuance of the prac
tice of plowing the land during the
fall and winter and exposing the
bulbs to damage by frost and the use
of smother crops during the summer
constitute the best method of getting
rid of this pest
Silage From Sunflower Seed
, J. M. Seattle, Washington, writeZ
Have you ever experimented with mak
ing silage from sunflowers? Have you
found it possible to winter animals
for maintenance purposes on corn silage
alone?
We have never experimented with
sunflowers for ensilage purposes. My
understanding is that considerable
work along this line has been done
in other states, however, and this
crop is now being looked upon with
more favor than formerly. We have
never thought that it would be espe
cially well adapted for growth in
our climate, and we do not fiiink
receive about 5 pounds of whole
milk daily for the first ten days.
During the next 20 days it would
receive, say, 4 pounds daily; dur
ing the following 20 days, 3 pounds;
and for the last 30' days, 2 pounds;
making a total of 270 pounds of
whole milk.
For a 100-pound calf the quantity
of whole milk might be cut down
more rapidly after the first 10
days, feeding 10 pounds a day for
the first 10 days;'B pounds for the
second 10 days; 6 pounds for the
third 10-day period; 4 pounds for the
fourth 10-day period; and 2 pounds
for the 20 days following; making
a total of 320 pounds of milk fed
over a period of 60 days.
The milk from fresh cows, before
it has become fit for human use, can
be fed to the calves.
Start Grain Feeding Early
Where such a relatively small
amount of whole milk is fed it is
necessary that the calf should be
taught to eat grain as early as pos
sible. By the second week a calf
will ordinarily start nibbling at the
grain, eating increasing amounts as
it develops a taste for it. During
the first 30 days a healthy calf will
ordinarily eat an average of 0.3
pound of grain per day. During the
next 30 days this will be increased
to 1 pound, and after that Io about
2.5 pounds daily during the next
month or so.
The following grain mixture has
given good results for calf feed
ing: Einseed "meal, 1 part; bran, 1
part; corn meal, 3 parts; oats, 2
parts; blood meal, 1 part.
Some good legume roughage, such
as alfalfa, should be fed with the
grain, and also a small amount of
silafee; and as more roughage is tak
en by the calf, the grain ration may
be leut down. In feeding grain the
safest rule is to supply only what
the calf will clean up readily. Re
member there is more danger of los
ing a calf from feeding too much
than from not feeding quite enough.
The calf does not have to be fat
to be growing .and healthy, and it
has been found that some of the
larger breeders, who have been
most successful in saving their
calves, have been keeping them in
a medium to thin condition.
aliases under which the jack bean is
known. "Pearson bean,’ ’ “wonder
bean,” “Wataka bean,” "Gotani
bean,” “South American coffee bean,”
etc., are only a few of the names in
which the jack bean has been re
christened.
It has some value in the south as
a green-manure crop, and there is
evidence to show that it may be a
good silage crop when cut green.
Cattle do not relish the jack-bean
hay, nor do they make gains upon
the ground seed, which product they
must be taught to eat.
The bean is eaten by the natives
of Mexico, but most experimenters
describe it as flat and coarse in
flavor.
The seed contains a large propor
tion of a material known as urease,
and used in medicines, but the de
mand for this product is extremely
limited.
After all, the scientists warn the
prospective buyer of “wonder beans”
to have a specimen identified, or
else confine the first plantings to
small areas until the doubtful values
of the bean are better established
and a better market provided than
seems to exist at present.
The eggs of the fly are laid in
loose, warm straw heaps And piles of
stable refuse. A plague of flies al
ways starts from these sources, and
the control of the pest is best man
aged by scattering the L early■
in the spring' before the beginning
of warm weather and plowing it
under, or by burning it when the fotr
mer method can not be applied.
Stable refuse should be scattered
at regular intervals of one week or
less throughout the season, starting
■with early spring. In this Way the
first generation of the pest is de
stroyed and a plague averted. A re
cent publication of the department,
Farmers’ Bulletin 1097. gives in de
tail the life history of e the stable
fly, methods for its control, and
some facts concerning the amount
of damage done by the insect.
there is anything which will produce
so large a yield or make a more de
sirable type of silage for our condi
tions than a variety of saccharine
sorghum like Red Head and a variety
of non-saccharine sorghum like Kaf
fir corn grown in alternate rows. Si
lage made from corn is, of course,
of very excellent quality, but we do
not obtain so great a yield as from
the combination crop suggested above
from which, by letting the sorghum
mature sufficiently, we are able to
make a very satisfactory type of
silage.
We have found it possible to main
tain cattle through the winter on a
silage ration alone, but we do not
consider it an especially good or de
sirable practice. Our experience
leads us to believe that two pounds
of cotton seed meal per head a day
is both a wise and profitable plan
to follow with stocker cattle.
Grewing Cotton Under Weevil Con
ditions
W. H. Y., Washington, Ga.,
writes: I would like informa
tion on growing cotton under
boll weevil conditions. We want
to apply about 75 pounds of sul
phate of ammonia per acre. At
what time should it be put on?
In growing cotton under boll
weevil conditions we consider it a
desirable practice to use liberal ap
plications of nitrogen. It is our be
lief. however, that the nitrogen
should be put under the drill row
at the ■ time the cotton is planted.
It is very important that the
growth of the plant be stimulated
and advanced as much as possible
during the early part of the grow
ing season. On this account, the lib
eral use of nitrogen under the drill
row must be regarded as good prac
tice. If this same nitrogen be ap
plied later in the season, the cances
are that it will continue the growth
and the development of the plant
until relatively late in the season.
This will not advantage you mate
rially if at all because the weevils
will effectively destroy practically
all of the bolls set on relatively
late in the season. The chance of
producing a profitabe crop of cot
ton lies primarily in Inducing- the
plants to set on a considerable num
ber of bolls unusually early in the
season. These are the reasons why
we consider it important to use
rather heavy applications of nitro
gen under cotton and make the ap
plications of material early in the
season.
Food Value of Velvet Bean Hulls
R. L. W., Macon, Ga., writes:
I would like to know the food
value oY velvet bean hulls.
We do not happen to have an an
alysis of velvet bean hulls at hand.
Tnerefore, we cannot give you the
information desired. We are certain
from our knowedge of this material,
however, that they cannot contain
any appreciable amount of readily
digestible animal food. When ground
with the beans, they help to dilute
them as it were and give volume to
the feed. This may make the velvet
bean meal somewhat easier to di
gest because of the greater bulk in
volved. We cannot conceive, how
ever, of the hulls as being of anv
value as a foodstuff unless asso
ciated with the beans for the reason
assigned above. If mixed with any
other concentiate, the ground nulls
as we understand it, would repre
sent an adulteration. We can, of
course, supply you with the analysis
of velvet beans with the hulls and
without the hulls and also give you
such data as you might desire con
cerning their fertilizing and feed
value.
TUESDAY, IVIAY. 11, IH2U.
' Use Pure Salt on Hides
j Hides should be salted only with
clean, pure salt free from alum, ac
cording to a recent statement of the
bureau of chemistry, United States
department of agriculture. This bu
reau is making a study of the best
methods for skinning farm animals
and curing hides in order to produce
a high-grade leather. Salt contain
ing alum partly tans the hide and
sets the hair so that it cannot be
removed. Hides which cannot
unhaired properly bring a loss to the
tanner and prejudice him in future
purchases against hides from the
same source.
Tanners recently submitted to the
bureau of chemistry green salted
hides which could not be unhaired
after liming in the usual way, in or
der to find out the cause. An ex
amination showed that on the basis
of the dry hide unhaired spots con
tained 0.8 per cent of alumina and
the portions where the hair was not
loosened contained 1.25 per cent of
alumina. The portions of the hide
which contained 0.8 per cent alumina
unhaired with difficulty, while the
portions contaiing 1.25 per cent
could not be unhaired even on the
beam. An inferior salt containing
alum had been used in salting the
hides and had set the hair.
Tliis incident illustrates the impor
tance of attention to details in the
handling and curing of hides and
skins. Farmers, country butchers
and dealers are advised by the de
partment to use only clean, pure
salt in salting hides. The presence
of alum in salt is especially objec
tionable and as little aS 5 per cent
in the salt can be detected usually
by its astringent, bitter taste.
Farmers’ Bulletin 1055, which gives
detailed direction for skinning, cur
ing and marketing country hides and
skins, may be obtained upon applica
tion to the United States department
of agriculture, Washington, D. C.
To exterminate lice, dust the hen
or chicks with sodium fluorid or some
other good lice powder. A small
quantity of equal parts -of blue oint
ment and larde rubbed around the
vent is also a good lice exterminator,
but should not be used on sitting
hens, as it may spoil the eggs.
For More Than Forty Years
Cotton Growers have known that
POTASH PAYS
More than 11,651,200 Tons of Potash Salts
had been imported and used in the United
States in the 20 years previous to January,
1915, when shipments ceased. Os this 6,460,-
700 Tons consisted of
KAINIT
which the cotton grower knew was both a plant
food and a preventive of blight and rust, —with
it came also 1,312,400 Tons of
20 per cent
MANURE SALT
which has the same effects on Cotton, but which was
used mainly in mixed fertilizers.
Shipments of both Kainit and Manure Salt have
been resumed but the shortage of coal and cars and
high freight rates make it more desirable to ship
Manure Salt, which CONTAINS 20 PER CENT OF
ACTUAL POTASH, instead of Kainit, which con
tains less than 13 per cent actual Potash.
MANURE SALT can be used as a side dressing
on Cotton in just the same way as Kainit and will
give the same results. Where you used 100 pounds
of Kainit, you need to use but 62 pounds of Manure
Salt, or 100 pounds of Manure Salt go as far as 161
pounds of Kainit.
MANURE SALT has been coming forward in
considerable amounts and cotton growers, who can
not secure Kainit, should make an effort to get
Manure Salt for side dressing to aid in making a big
Cotton Crop.
Muriate of Potahs
50 per cent actual Potash, has been coming forward
a l SO) —100 pounds of Muriate are equivalent to 400
pounds of Kainit or 250 pounds of Manure Salt.
These are the three
Standard GERMAN P otash Salts
that were always used in making cotton fertilizer#
and have been used for all these year# with great
profit and WITHOUT ANY DAMAGE TO THE
CROP.
The supply is not at present as large as in former
years, but there is enough to greatly increase the
Cotton Crop if you insist on your dealer making the
necessary effort to get it for you.
DO IT NOW
Soil and Crop Service Potash
. Syndicate
H. A. Huston, Manager
42 Broadway New York
FROM OUR FACTORY - DIRECT TO YOU
69 Day* Driving Trial—Open Bugziei *78.00 Up. Top Buggiei $89.90 Up,Harne»» 515.75 Up
Any buggy illustrated in our catalog will be shipped direct to you upon
payment of $lO. Sixty days driving trial allowed. Return the buggy If J 0 } 5
are not completely satisfied, and fuK">rice paid for buggy will be refunded,
together with freight charges. #
Our buggies are made for Southern roads. _ Light,
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appearance oleasing. Experienced buggy buyers prefer
our Barnesville Pride and Beauty Buggies Otir Pride
AA-Grade Buggies are guaranteed for life against de- x-rdKo-"
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50 Main Street Barnesville. Georgia
AMERICAN CORN MILLS
GRIND better meal, give more real satisfaction, earn
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HOW TO RAISE
BABY CHICKS
Put Avicol in the drinking water.
Most people lose half of every hatch,
and seem to expect it. Chick cholera or
white diarrhoea is the trouble. The U. S.
Government states that tover half the
chicks hatched die from this cause. •
— _ An Avicol tablet.
\ placed in the drinking
# * X -AA water, will positively
jyJr save your little chicks
from all such diseases.
Inside of 48 hours the
sR-k ones will be as lively
V »*<s crickets. Avicol keeps
ihem healthy and makes
them grow and develop.
Mrs. Vanrfie Thackery, R. F. D. 3, St.
Paris, 0., writes. ‘T had 90 chicks and
they all died but 32. Then I commence:
on Avicol and haven’t lost any
They have grown wonderfully.’’
It costs nothing to try Avicol. If you
don’t find that it prevents and promptly
cures white diarrhoea, elwek cholera and
all bowel diseases of poultry ..tell and
your money will be refunded by return
mail. Avicol is sold by most druggists
and poultry remedy dealers, or you can
send 25c or 50c today for a package bv
mail postpaid. Burrell-Dugger Co., ioa
Columbia Bldg.. Indianapolis, Ind.
stops chicks dying
Saws 25 Cords a Day
The Ottawa Log Saw does the work of ten men. Mabea
wood sawing easy and profitable. When not sawing wood
use for pumping, feed grinding, etc. Simple econctnical
durable. Thousands in use. Ftdly guaranteed, 30 days
trial. Cash or Easy Paymojsta. Write for Low Rrics.
OTTAWA MFC. CO 851 " Wood 91., Ottawa, Kao-
7