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tWTbia&NotFoiind in Any Book r Why Humidity [ Adds to the Terrors of a (HOT WAVE r-r-i O begin with, humidity has no more to I I do with heat than with cold; it is an atmospheric condition which prevails , at all temperatures, but, popularly speaking, / humidity is generally associated with Summer conditions, and dampness with those of Win- I ter. Summer humidity, especially in New I York, is a serious matter, more serious than I is generally supposed, for it may be stated with entire confidence that New York City I has never known a temperature high enough I to cause heat apoplexy or stroke had the air ( been comparatively dry. The danger point Is low, however, when the air is saturated, and every degree above that is fraught with peril. As long as the thermometer remains at 87* Who WROTE the BIBLE? N» 0. the Bible did not drop down from Heaven, gilt-edged am' morocco bound. Some persons are under the impression > that because all the books Which go to make J up the Bible are bound in a single volume therefore they were produced at one time, | or at least put into the present shape within j a few years. But if you stop to think about it you can not fail to understand that the Bible is an ! entire library; it might be called the spiritual transcript of the Jewish people for more than two thousand years. The historical part of the Bible begins I with the twelfth chapter of the Book of | Genesis, where Abram receives his mission, i for it must be remembered that the purpose of writing the Old Testament was to set down the entire record of the progress of the Jews from their very beginning. The first eleven chapters of Genesis embody tra ditions then current among the Babylonians, and they find place in the Bible to show the descent of Abram from Adam. > The period assigned to Abram (afterward called Abraham) is 2100 B. C., now estab lished by the discovery of cuneiform tablets bearing the names of kings mentioned in Genes as cotemporary with Abraham. This proves that the beginning of the writing of the Bible, as we have it. can not antedate 2100 B < '., but it is uncertain who first wrote down that early record While Genesis is loosely spoken of as the first book of Moses, it should not be forgotten that the record of the birth of Moses is begun in the early chapters of Exodus, the second Biblical book, so that if Moses did rewrite or shape the book of Genesis it was from records and traditions existing when he was born. The old theory that Moses and other Bibli cal writers received the Bible in the form of dictation from God has long been aban doned. as it would lower Moses and Isaiah, as well as the other inspired writers, to the grade of mere stenographers. It is plain that Moses could have written the books attributed to him, for he had the benefit of princely tutelage at the court of Egypt, and no nation was further advanced in science and literature at 'hat time than Egypt. Some, critics held that Moses could not have written i these books because of the poor state of ( literary composition at that time, but dis-i coveries within the last twenty years have J proved that writing was very common in his, day, and he ertainly had every opportunity' to learn. After the time of Moses the record Is’ more or less continuous, though the writers are anonymous, with the exception of the prophetical books. After the Babylonian Exile, which ceased with the permission given the Jews by Cyrus kVOID Dangerous MEDICINE CLOSETS FEW people know how to stock their fam ily medicine Joset wisely. Nearly • very family has a medicine closet, but • all sorts of medicines and drugs go into' an d in many instances people have been made iH, sometimes killed, by getting hold of the wrong bottles. In the first place there should be no ••wrong bottles” in a medicine closet. That is all poisons and all liquids for external use only should be kept in square bottles. The harmless medicines should be in round bottles. After taking this precaution, have your far "y physician inspect your medicina.closet, get him to tell you just what to keep on hand and just what is dangerous for you to keep. This is the safest way The physician will give you a list of all the household remedies needed. Foiow his advice and you will have little or no trouble through taking medicines h> mistake. FOODS to Avoid in HOT WEATHER, Because They Provide Too Much BODY FUEL or lower, saturation of the air will cause ex treme discomfort, but nothing more, because the decrease in the radiation of heat from the body has not become so great that in creased loss of heat by evaporation cannot compensate therefor. At 88’ the limit is reached, the making of heat just being equal to the loss of heat, the body neither getting hotter nor cooling off. At 89" and higher, with a humid atmosphere, the heat making ot the body is greater than the heat losing, and accordingly the body temperature begins to rise. Fortunately the temperature during the night usually becomes lower, or some ot the moisture in the air frequently is pre cipitated as rain, heavy mist or dew. but even so the reddened eyes of heat strokf glare into the faces of men when the ther mometer registers 88’ and General Humidity is abroad. The body is making heat all the time. It must make heat or else it cannot continue to exist, and health is absolutely dependent on the ability to lose exactly as much heat as is made. If a man loses more than he makes, or if he cannot create as much heat as he is losing, he starves to death. The dead are cold because all the heat has radiated and the mechanism which manufactures heat has stopped running. In similar manner death would inevitably ensue were a man unable to to return to Palestine (538 B. C.), considerable) literary activity took place, the speeches of) the various prophets who had spoken before) and during captivity being collected, and) more or less shaped under the hand of Ezra,! the famous scribe. A Jewish tradition states? that he decided which books were to be ac-i cepted as sacred and which rejected as un-) worthy. But many scholars agree that some of the Psalms, the Book of Daniel and other; books, like Ecclesiastes and Job, were either, written or added t- as late as the Maccabean! Period (167 B. C.). The facts seem to indi-j cate that the Old Testament was not closed! until after that time, so it took some two| thousand years to write all that is contained ( in Ls books, ) The composition of the New Testament( covers a very much shorter period, for it( has to with the life of Jesus and the do-? ings of bis immediate Apostles only, so not' more than a century is given to its com-; position. The four Gospels were written by) Matthew, Mark, • Luke and John, probably! toward the end of the first century, al-) though the earliest date assigned to the com-! pletion of any of them is now given as 1201 A. D. It was at least a century later (220)) before the Canon of the New Testament was. at all fixed by the Church, but this was not, made really definite until 367, when the Church decided which were to be accepted as sacred books, and which had no divinei authority behind them. It is plain now that something more than, 2200 years were required for the writing of the whole Bible, and that, therefore, it Is necessary to take this into consideration when studying the Bible, as it was natural for different ideas to prevail at such widely, separated points of time and in the minds of such very different men. SECRETS OF SUCCESS— By THOMAS W. HOTCHKISS, Vocational Counsellor. THE term electrician covers a wide range of occu pations in the study and use of electricity. Elec trical science is most exact and exacting,—in its abstract theories, it laboratory experiments and its application in commercial life. It includes telegraph and telephone engineering, electric lighting, electric railways, electric-car running, dynamo running, wiring, and power-house work. A boy may begin as a helper in a concern that does interior wiring, may study at home much of the technical science of electricity, and in due time qualify as a practical electrician; but be yond Ibis, there is the field of the professional Elec trical Engineer who has had the advantage of a Uni versity training for his degree. The one may be the skilled repairer, operator, and installer of electric machinery and appliances; the other designs electric machinery. The young man can best determine the fitness of his natural qualifications for success as an electrician rpO ' have and to hold” carpenter's tools Is an art Nearly every one has a few carpenter s tools, A such as a saw, plane and chisel, but only a few know how to hold them. Can you saw a board without splintering it? Can you plane a board and majntain a smooth grain? Can you use a chisel without undulating the chiseled sur face like a choppy sea? And can you use all these tools with the least possible energy, at the same time getting the very best results? As with everything else, there’s a right way and a wrong way, and the right way is easier. For instance, when using a saw', hold it at an angle of 45 degrees, never try to saw "up and down” or “flat w'ise" with it The 45 degree angle saves “elbow grease" and gives the nearest to perfect workmanship, because it allows the muscles of the upper arm full play instead of Copyright. 1»1». by American-Examiner. Great Britain Rights Recerym. dispose of the heat he was manufacturing and a case is on record of a man whose sweat glands were rudimentary who could not take any exertion when the temperature was over 70' for the reason that his bodily tem perature rose steadily as soon as he attempted to do so. The human body has learned ways of i>rotection which have become BAHAHA& H ™££ roßErr SALAt. Oatmeal. Tomatoes. “Bananas, hashed corned beef and pork and oatmeal heat the body three times as much as veal, egg salad and tomatoes.” TOO MIGHT TRI— Darning Stockings. IN darning the holes that just naturally grow in your boy’s stockings try running a thread with long over-and-over stitches around the edge ot the bole and darning it tight enough so the hole will be neither stretched nor puckered. Be careful not to draw it too tight, then darn as usual, and the darn will be not more than half the usual size and level with the goods instead of convex. To Prevent Fading. THE fading of colored articles is due often, not to the washing but to the ironing. Irons that are too hot are used directly on the material, and this will more quickly fade delicate colors than any amount of washing Be sure that the article is evenly dampened and that the Iron is only hot enough to smooth the wrinkles properly by firm, even pressure, and you will have no more trouble from fading. Skirts should never be ironed across the gores, but up and down, otherwise the fit of the garment wil, be ruined. Keeping Air Fresh. A GOOD way to keep the air of a room fresh and slightly perfumed is to place a jar in some inconspicuous place in the room and put in the jar a small block of ammonia, over which pour some ordinary cologne water. This makes a faint, pleasant odor of which one is hardly conscious. A Fly Discourager. IN Summer time flies gather on screen doors and when the door is * opened they usually get inside. A good way to keep them out Is to rub some kerosene on the door. A cloth saturated with kerosene, in a room, drives flies to the floor. Eating to Cure Rough Skin. IF your skin is rough and chaps easily in any weather it may be due to the habit of eating too fast, and you may be able to remedy the trouble by eating slowly and masticating food properly. Making Peanuts Digestible. SOME people cannot eat peanuts because of difficulty in digesting them If they take a half-spoonful of salt in a little water after eating peanuts no trouble of any kind will be experienced. as the term* is ordinarily understood, by looking over the curriculums or courses of study that must be pur sued to enable students to qualify in the various branches of this science. It takes four years of study in a correspondence school, at the rate of two hours a day for six days In the week, to complete the full electrical engineering course. Such a course, though not a complete substitute, corresponds as nearly as possible to a resident college course in electrical en gineering. Special courses can be completed in tele phone engineering, telegraph engineering, electric light ing, electric railways, interior wiring, or dynamo run ning, In nine months, a year and a half, or t'wo years. As a beginner, entering the trade as an ‘unskilled” helper to a wireman, the boy has the right qualifica tions if he has intelligence, good health, willing hands, and a tasts for mechanics. He becomes conscious from the start that his work is in a realm of magic that dis closes wonders of a mysterious force which the patient study of man has been able to understand and utilize through most ingenious Inventions. If he Is ambitious, his imagination sees still greater possibilities than The EASIEST Way with TOOLS Never Saw “Up and Down” but At an Angie of Forty-Five Degrees, as Shown by the Dotted Lines. THE ELECTRICIAN those achieved by even Marconi, Edison, Delaney, and other great Inventors and The difficulties he has to meet In trying to get ahead are the limitations of the human mind in its struggle to grasp the mathematics, mechanics, power and use fulness of the most wonderful element in all Nature — electricity. It is easy enough to carry the tools of the wireman. to have them ready when called for on the job of wiring a house or in laying cables in an elec tric conduit; but be must have the real plent of the technical student and workman, beyond a mere “taste for mechanics,” if he is to reach a paying proficiency. As a practical electrician, he can earn from $25 to S4O a week; but before he qualifies as such his earnings will be less than in many other occupations. There are practical electricians who earn large salaries as managers, superintendents, contractors, draftsmen, and machine builders and operators in the electrical field; and there are electrical engineers whose training, abil ity, and capacity for work have been completely proved by study and practice who are employed by corpora tions glad to pay for their valuable services as high as from «5,000 to $25,000 a year. bringing all the strain on the hand and wrist. The saw will make a straighter cut and leave no bother some splinters in Wie ends of the board when held at this angle. The p'ane is frequently wrongly used by the amateur workman. It is really nothing but a giant chisel, prevented by a simple device from cutting be low a certain depth, and it can do its most efficient work only when held straight in the direction of the surface you wish to make smooth. Os course it takes less effort to push the plane at an angle, but this takes longer and also Involves the risk of pulling up loose fibres of the wood and making an uneven surface. When using a chisel apply the force of the blow so that it will go straight down the tool, and be sure at the same time that the edge is straight with the work you are doing; instinctive. The rapid closing of the eye when dust flies near, the highly complex but unconscious group of muscular movements whereby a man may recover his balance when he stumbles, are but examples of this Just in the same way, if the weather gets hotter or if the temperature of the body is raised by bodily exercise (which acts like a forced draught), the compensatory machine in the body sends more blood to the surface to be cooled, but when the surounding air is colder than the body this controlling machine causes the blood vessels of the skin to contract, thus reducing the loss of heat. Humidity, however, is one of the body’s unsolved problems. It has. as yet, worked out no way whereby an automatic prevention or remedy can be provided. To reduce evap oration would answer the purpose, but this would so greatly Increase the body heat that the cure would be worse than the original con dition. In hot. humid countries the. body is adopting the device of reducing the amount of skin evaporation in two ways—one by les sening the skin water-making or perspiration, the other by increasing the activity of the kidneys. This device, however, cannot be re garded as one of nature’s successes, since it is invariably accompanied by loss of ability to endure w-ork and strain. Since the danger in hot, humid weather Good and Bad NURSERIES IN the nursery, more than in any other room in the house, good taste must ally itself to common sense, in order that the small occupants of the room may be made thoroughly comfortable in body and mind. First of all, the nursery must be well lighted and well ventilated. The windows should be broad, if possible, and not too low, the lat ter for the obvious reason that a small child, leaning over the sill, may easily fall out when the’ window is open. Long windows running down to the floor are undesirable for another reason as well. A child, romping on the floor, may, by throwing back its head unwarily, sustain severe injuries should its head happen to crash into a pane of glass. The furniture in a nursery should always be adapted to the size and the needs of children. You give the infant a crib to sleep in and a high chair to sit in at meals— why should a tot of four or five be forced to sit in a chair built for a grown-up, and at a table so uncomfortably high that its top is at a level with the child’s nose or eyes? Good table manners are acquired more readily by children whose diminutive size, in being placed at the dining table. Is not. lost sight of. Fancy yourself, sitting at a Brobdlng naglan table, from which you were forced to convey a spoonful of steaming soup or a cupful of chocolate to your mouth at an angle which forced your hand to remain’ above your shoulder during the entire operation of eating! Yet that is the position In which children are frequently asked to eat. Cheap bric-a-brac should be avoided in the nursery. You may think that the unformed mind of the child cannot discriminate be tween a vase in good taste and which there fore is expensive, and some worse than worthless gimcrack picked up in the ten-cent store. That is quite true, but how will the comes from difficulty of disposing of animal heat, it follows that the most important thing to do so is to prevent the accumulation of heat As food is the fuel, it Is advisable to use tn hot weather foods whose heat-making powers are small. Oatmeal is always regarded as a Win ter food, and rightly, for its heat value ex pressed in the units of heat (calories) is 1,860 to a pound, whereas tomatoes only cre ate 105 to a pound. Corned beef is 1,280, eggs but 680; pork chops are 1,270, leg of veal is 520; bananas are 460, apples 290. it is easy to see, therefore, that a woman whc had eaten for lunch a small plate of veal, with a tomato and hard-boiled egg salad, and a couple of apples for dessert (being the equiv alent,of a half-pound of each), would have only 797% units of heat to dispose of, while a man who had eaten for lunch a dish of oatmeal, a hash of corned beef and pork and a couple of bananas, would have 2,435 units burning In his system, or more than three times as much. In other words, he would be three times as likely to be struck suddenly with heat apo plexy as his absteminous companion. These are extreme cases, but where the margin of safety and danger is so small, it is the wise man who knows how hot he dare stoke his inner furnace when the mercury stands in the bulb at 88’ and over and humidity is brood ing over the land child learn to discriminate, if you allow its mind, unformed and unguided, to receive wrong impressions? You may not think it possible that a young child should take cog nizance of and receive lasting impressions through the medium of its surroundings. If this were impossible, indeed, then the entire Kindergarten system of Froebel would be useless, which, as you know, apparently while the child is at play, teaches it the pri mary colors, the scale in music, the simple geom< trical figures, such as the triangle and octagon, etc. As a matter of fact, a child acquires an enormous lot of miscellaneous knowledge during the first four or five years of its existence It learns language, how to adjust touch to vision, how to walk —in fact, it learns the entire mechanism of life in its three first years. You are careful, are yon not, to have your child hear pure English? You correct it when it makes a mistake in speaking, and in doing so you admit the validity of the claim that a child’s earliest impressions are of utmost consequence. And what applies to language applies to all th« other facts of life. By surrounding a chile from its infancy on with good pictures, good furniture, good chinaware, the child uncon sciously acquires the right taste. It has become the fashion these latter dan to paper the nursery with wall paper which graphically depicts scenes from Mothei Goose, from Grimm and Hans Andersen In choosing the wall paper for your nursery i| may be well to take into careful considera tion your children s temperament. If your children are normal, flesh and blood children, inclining to a phlegmatic temper, a wall paper calculated to stimulate their imagina tion will do no harm If, on the other hand, your little brood consists of highly-strung, nervous children, avoid a wall paper that might tend to excite or irritate them. Choose pretty, cheerful, laughable scenes, such al “Old King Cole” and "Banbury Cross,” and avoid stirring illustrations such as the climaj of Red Riding Hood. The nursery in the famous Stevens Castl* In Northern Jersey was, when still f n use as a nursery, a model of good taste. There were windows in three sides of it; the waL paper was a cheerful Delft blue with a con ventional design in a slightly lighter shade of blue; the rug matched the wall paper, and the old-fashioned fire place was set in Dutch tiles, each tile showing a different charactei from Mother Goose. There was little Bo Peep, Jack and Gill, Little Johnnie Horner, Simple Simon and many others of that good ly company Immortalized by the old book of rhymes. In this way the delightful atmos phere of repose which filled the room waa saved from deterioating into Ustlessnesg. A BEAUTY Secret for FURNITURE PEOPLE rave over the charms of the old fashioned card tables, and at the sam. time they turn away in disgust f roD the modern card tables, claiming they ar» over-decorated, gaudy almost to the point a i vulgarity. When asked why they do this their nn!) explanation is that the old-fashioned tables are artistic. They cannot explain "why” and the world to-day wants to know the why oi everything. The reason of this Iles In the fact that th* antique tables heavily inlaid with satinwood, are made on the straightest and lightest of lines and patterns, they have an almost aus tere dignity. This offsets the inlay work. Modern card tables are made in richer, more curving lines, which give them all the richness necessary. The addition of In lay work to such tables simply "overdoes it” Simplicity of design alone will stand fol inlay work in furniture.