Newspaper Page Text
The Georgian’s Poultry and Live Stock Page
LIVE STOCK TRADE
SETTING RECORD
Receipts at Seven Big Markets
in Last Four Months Total
15.123,769 Head.
The live stock receipts in April,
1912. at the seven principal markets.'
namely. Chicago. Kansas City. Omaha.
St. Louis. St. Joseph. St. Paul and
Sioux City, as reported to the depart
ment of commerce and labor, were
greater than those of any April since
1997.
Furthermore, the aggregate receipts
of live, stock at these seven markets
during the four months of the present
year were greater by far than during
the same four months of any year
during the past decade; the receipts of
April, as well as those of March and
February, having, however, been some,
what less than those of January, which
were unusually large.
The receipts in April. 1912. which in
clude cattle, calves, hogs, sheep, hors.es
and mules, were 3,238.600 head, a gain
of over 3 1-2 per cent when compared
with 3,123,938 head received in April,
1911, and of near 45 per cent when
compared wirh 2,234.907 head- received
in April, 1910 The total receipts at
these markets during tht- four months
of the present year were 15.123.769
head, an incroase of 13 1-2' per cent
over the receipts during the same pe
riod in 1911, and 40 per cent over those
in 1910.
Decline in Cattle and Calves.
The receipts of cattle and calves at
these, markets in April, 1912, 637.022
head, show a very slight increase when
compared with the April receipts of the
two preceding years. The receipts of
cattle and calves for the four ntonths
of the present, year, however. 2,626,648
head, show a slight decline when com
pared with the receipts during the same
period in previous years. The April,
1912, receipts of cattle show an in
crease in Chicago. St. Louis, St. Paul
and Sioux City and a decrease in Kan
sas City. St. Louis and Omaha, when
compared with the receipts in April,
1911.
While the number of hogs received
at the seven principal markets show a
steady decline since January. 1912. the
receipts in April of this year, as well
as the aggregate receipts during the
four months of the present year, show
a considerable increase over the re
ceipts during similar periods in recent
years, th? April. 1912. receipts being
the largest of any April during the past
decade. Thus th-' number of hogs re
ceived in April was 1.706.917 head in
1912. as compared with 1,698,728 head
in April. 1911. and 1,082.958 head in
April. 1910. Chicago, Omaha. St. Jor
seph. St. Paul and Sioux City show
an increase, while Kansas City and St.
Louis show a decrease in April, 1912,
when compared with April. 1911.
The number of sheep received at the
seven principal markets in April. 1912.
830,676 head, is greater than the num-
THREE-HOUSE YARD
BEST FOR CHICKENS
The hen houses on the average farm
should be neither expensive nor extensive,
and should be so located that the fowls
will not be an intolerable nuisance about
barns and dwellings.
There is no reason why fowls should be
permitted to roost all over farm imple
ments, horse stalls, pig pens and hay
lofts. They should be excluded from
dairy barns, but it is distinctly advanta
geous to give them the range of sheds
and yards where whole corn is being fed
to cattle.
The most successful plan I have seen
in operation in the mhldle states re
quires three small houses. One is located
near the dwelling and is especially ar
ranged for hens with chicks. Here the
chicks are raised' and fed until nearly
full grown, when the pullets are moved to
a second house located at the farther side
of the barnyard, where they are confined
for two weeks or more, usually until
they begin to lay. Meantime the cock
erels not needed for breeding are disposed
of.
When the pullets are liberated from
their house near the barn their first
home is closed and no food is to be found
near the dwelling Meantime abundant
feed in hoppers is supplied at the barn
and there is a good permanent sod. near
their house. The barnyard furnishes at
tractive picking and they are completely
weaned from the door yard. During the
winter they are never permitted to form
the habit of roosting in the barn or sheds.
Their own house has an open front and
their life is as free and normal as the
weather will permit. When skim milk
can be supplied the egg yield is always
excellent from this pullet flock
■When the pullets of the next year are
ready to be moved these yearlings are
transferred to a colony house in a remote
part of the farm, where outdoor shelter
and scratching space or provided by a
horizontal pole on crotches against which
poles or rails are leaned at intervals of
about a foot and covered with straw, corn
stalks or swale hay These shelters face
south and east and provide excellent sun
ning places on bright days Not very
many eggs are expected from the hens
during the severe part of the second win
ter. but with the free field and wood
range the best conditions are provided
for breeding stock. Since ail the fowls
on this particular farm are pure-bred it
is Important tn have the very best of
eggs for hatching
A Simplified System.
The strong points of this plan are the
following: First, fowls of different ages
are separated. This makes possible a
much more advantageous ration for each
than can be given to a mixed flock. Sec
ond, the hen nuisance is removed from
the door yard and porches Third, a flock
is always on hand near the barn to clean
up waste, yet no hens are allowed to
raise chicks there or to choose their own
roosting places. Fourth, a flock of year
ling hens, wintered by themselves on any
desired ration, are under better control
as to diet and fatness than would be pos
sible at the barn, and they are availa
ble to furnish all the eggs for hatching
if desired.
on the farm where this plan is most,
successfully carried out th* colony house
is near enough to running water so that
none need be carried to the old hens un
less in years of extreme drou'h The
ages are recorded by punching the web
ct th* foot, so that if any bene find their
ber received in any April during the
past decade Likewise, the receipts
during the four months of the present
year were greater than the receipts
during similar periods in recent years.
The increase in the April, 1912. re
ceipts over those of April. 1911. was
most marked in Chicago and Omaha.
Kansas. City reported a slight increase
while St. Louis. St. Joseph.,St. Paul
and Sioux City report a. decrease in
the receipts of sheep at those mar
kets.
The April receipts of horses and
mules at the seven principal Western
markets. 43,985 head, were greater thar
the April receipts for a number of
years, and the general trend in the re
ceipts of horses and mules in recent
years has been slightly upward. All
but one of these markets. Sioux City,
show an increase in April. 1912. as
compared with the same month of th
preceding year.
The number of loaded live stock cars
received at the seven markets in April.
1912, was 52,229, compared with 52,521
in April. 1911, and 41.961 in April.
1910.
Live Stock at Atlantic Ports.
The receipts of meat live stock at
the four leading Atlantic seaport cities
of Boston. New York, Philadelphia and
Baltimore, during April; 1912. 684.041
head, show an increase over the. April
receipts for a number of years past. .
Likewise, the receipts at these ports
during the first four month® of the
present year were exceptionally large.
The April receipts show a decline in
Boston and an increase in each of the
three other ports when compared with
the receipts in April. 1911. In this
comparison cattle and hog receipts
show an increase while the receipts of
calves and sheep, show a decrease. The
total -receipts of meat live stock in
April. 1912, were: Boston, 117.077
head; New York, 377,308 head: Phila
delphia. 90.807 head; Baltimore, 98,849
head.
The April, 191?, shipments of pack
ing house products from Chicago, 164.-
889.600 pounds, show an. Increase when
compared with the shipments in April
of the two preceding years. There was
a very marked increase in the ship
ment of fresh beef.
The stocks of meat on hand in April.
1912, 330,427,047 pounds, was less than
in February -of March of the current
year, but much greater than in A----
of ea-ch of the two preceding years.
The value of domestic meat animals
exported in April, 1912, $491,391. shows
a very decided decline when compared
with that of April. 1911, namely, sl,-
264,804. The value during the ten
months of the present fiscal year, $9.-
178,367. Is slightly less than that of the
same period in th® preceding year
which was $9,789,307.
The value of the aggregate exports
of domestic meat products in April,
1911, was $12,732,643. In April, 1911. it
was $1 3,955,514. The value of these
exports for the ten months of the pres
ent fiscal year shows a market increase,
namely. $128,899,112, as compared with
$117,320,566 during the same period of
the preceding fiscal year.
way back to the barn from the colony
house they can he recognized and dis
posed of. If hoppers are used it is neces
sary to visit the colony house only once
a day.
These three small houses are all very
inexpensive and each is adapted to its
own particular use in a way' which would
be impossible if all the fowls were kept
together. If thejp houses were combined
into one building this plan would neces
sitate the. confinement of the fowls in
yards to protect the young chicks. It has
proved no more burdensome to care for
the fowls in this way than to care for
one mixed flock, for the old hens in the
remote house require little care and the
raising of chicks is much simplified when
all old fowls are housed and fed at a dis
tance. —Country' Gentleman.
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
HEN LAYS 257 EGGS IN
YEAR; NEW RECORD
While it is not possible to state the
exact average production of per
fien in one year, it is conservatively
estimated in the I’nited States to be
about 70. By improved methods of
breeding, feeding and selection birds
have been found with actual individual
records of 200 to 257 eggs a year.
Only one hen has been found at Cor
nell that laid as high as 257 eggs in a
year, but this one example of the de
gree of perfection to which the breed
er's art has attained is valuable for
the place it sets for others to follow
and surpass. The net profit obtained
from the sale of these 257 eggs amount
ed to $5.06.
PROVIDE ROOMY SLEEPING
QUARTERS FOR CHICKENS
Uhirkens should not be crowded in their
sleeping quarters. Above all things, ex
amine them once or twice a week and
see that the chickens themse’veF are not
nnlv free insects, hut that their
sleeping quarters are. Keep their sleep
ing quarters thoroughly whitewashed with
plenty of crude carbolic acid in the white
wash. also keep them dry and free from
any draught, hut let them have plenty
of air.
Feed: Too Much vs. Too Little.
Too much feed Is often misunderstood
by poultry raisers, and by trying tn avoid
too much feed they do not feed enough.
As a matter of fact, you can not feed
laying hens too much if you feed the
right kind at the right time and in the
right way. It is easy tn feed too much
corn, especially if thrown to the hens so
that they can help themselves without
work Yet corn i? the very best winter
food if properly fed.
It should be covered deep in litter, so
that the hens will have to work hard and
long for it Many other foods are also
very fattening and need to be fed spar
ingly. hut in avoiding, one danger do nnt
make the mistake of starving the hens
The: need tn go to roost at night with a
full crop of '■isreiianeous kinds for which'
they have scratched all dav long Xn
■ other danger to be avoided Is not tn feed
■ hens that are not laying as heavily as
ynu do those that lay
GTE ATLANTA GEORGIAN AND NEWS. SATURDAY. JUNE 8. 1912.
jWHITE SQUAB BREEDING HOMERS
jjgojsslwsy -• I
~- —— —
Three of the white squab breeding homers in the lofts of Kimballville farm. Atlanta. Ga., Will V. Zimmer, proprietor. Kim
ballville owns the largest squab breeding plant in Georgia and furnishes the New Kimball hotel with all the squabs it, uses.
HOW ORPING IONS
CAPTURED DIXIE
Triumphant March of the
Breed Since It Was Intro
duced Eight Years Ago.
By W. WHITES NEWBERRY.
The introduction of the Orpington in
the South about eight years ago was re
garded only as an incident, but his sen
sational and triumphant march since
then has set the entire poultry* world
agasp. Witness the December and Jan
uary shows in Atlanta—more than 1.000
Orpingtons on ‘exhibition, and of such
rare quality! The world never saw
greater birds, and all the result of only
about eight years’ breeding! Prizes
handed out to Orpingtons eight years
ago are curing today, and a judge who
doesn't know Orpingtons now writes
his name "Dennis.” If so much can be
accomplished In eight short years, what
must he the achievements a little hence?
The prospect sets the world agog and
expectation stands on tip-toe. The
Orpington combatted prodigious, deep
rooted and appalling prejudice, and pre
advent attachments, but the ice has melt
ed. and the lusty crow’ of the Orpington
is heard not only throughout Dixie, but
around the world.
White Skin Best.
The epicure prefers the white
skinned fowl. The masses are learning
the secret and turning strongly Orp
ingtonw’ard. For "a yellow-shanked
fowl is a yellow-skinned fowl; a yellow
skinned fowl is a thick-skinned fowl, and
a thick-skined fowl is one whose meat
is tough and lacking in flavor.” The
converse is likewise true— a white-shank
ed fowl is a white-skinned fowl, a white
skinned fowl is a thin-skinned fowl, and
a thin-skinned fowl is one whose meat is
tender and luscious. Now. w’hile this lat
ter is true of all the Orpingtons, it is
more particularly true of the Buffs. Be
ing one-third Dorkin. they are on par
with their distinguished ancestor, and still
regarded by the English as the great
est of all table fowls.
As an egg producer the Orpington has
no equal either in quantity nr value
Their eggs are large and abundant in
coldest weather when long prices are
obtained. As mothers they have few
equals and no Superiors. As rustlers
they are not to he despised. For beauty,
ah. the Buffs are “a joy forever.” No
smut or grime, no washing, always "spick
and span.” Once admire Ruff, real true
Buff, which no artiei can paint or poet
describe, and you. conclude that Buff Is
th* only color They have the youngest
hut largest specialty club in the world
E'verx Buff breeder should by ill means
join his club and help push the ball
along.
Can Buy at Home,
We have about quit buying stock at
long prices in the North and taking
chances on unfavorable climate changes
We can buy just as gond close home and
for less mone>. We are not to be blamed
if we turn Missourians all and demand
to be shown. .Why go 1,000 miles for
stock when we can obtain It at our doors
and for less money? Again, why follow
the silly practice of advertising and ex
ploiting Jones' strain for him? They were
all William Cooks <deceased) to start
with, for that matter, or wore about 30
years ago, but let Mr. "root for
himself,” and consistently boast your own
breed, if, you have the stuff ano it is
worth while
The South is the most wonderful
poultry section In the American Union.
It alone possesses thg soil adaptation
and climatic conditions for the most
successful poultry culture. Em era Id ed
here and , there with rich, nutritious
grass plots, growing in almost tropical
luxuriance, summered with perfume
and watered with pure limestone, be
gamed with numerous and ever increas
ing bevies of great Buff Orpingtons
flaunting their golden banners and making
"the welkin ring” with lusty challenge
and cheering cackle, replenishing the egg
basket, pksfing the epicure and tickling
every atom of the true fancier and spe
cialist, till verily, his run runneth over
Behold, the glad day dawneth and the
Shadows flee away!
THE CARE OF EGGS
FOR BEST RESULTS
The care of eggs for hatching is the first
step toward successful incubation if we
except, of course, fertility. Shall they be
turned or not? Shall they be placed on
end or on side? What temperament shall
they be kept in? These three questions
should be settled beyond all dispute, but
we regret to say are not. Different writ
ers “give as many different methods and
the new beginner is left completely at sea,
with some old ones, for one is always a
beginner in the poultry business in the
sense that there is always something to
learn. There are many things by the
very nature of the business that can never
be definitely settled, but the questions
above enumerated are not included In the
unfathomable. Experiment stations should
take them up and answer them. The last
question relative *to temperament Is. we
think, fairly well settled, but the other
t-wo confuse and confound the novice as
much as ever. There are enough prob
lems for him to wrestle with without
these.
The temperament is fixed between 45
and 60. It might stand a trifle wider
variation, but best results are obtained
between these figures. If kept much
above 60, incubati-on is liable to start,
which if arrested by lowering the tem
perature to any extent would cause the
germ to die and the egg become rotten.
It is best tn have the temperature as
even and equable as possible, and not up
and down. A cellar is generally the best
place in w’hich to keep eggs. Tn Illus
trate how carelessly eggs are sometimes
kept I will give an incident in my own
family that occurred over half a century
ago, related by my mother. Some eggs
were set that had been kept in a cup
board near the kitchen stove and in three
days they commenced to hatch out, to
the great astonishment no doubt of the
hen, which probably gave her a great
bump of conceit as to her hatching abil
ity. This may savor some of the ancient
Egyptian methods of incubation, but the
story is true. The incident occurred long
before incubators were thought of
Nevertheless, we would not advocate
placing eggs near the kitchen stove in
order to save the time of either hen ot
incubator.
1 have read in the last few days two
statements from prominent authorities as
to the turning of eggs. One was made
by an experiment station and said that
they should always be turned daily. ’The
other statement emanated from Dr. P. T.
Woods, in The American Poultry World,
considered an authority in matters per
taining to poultry, which emphatically
contradicted the experiment station.
Now. can both he right? Or is it, like
the tariff, a case where both sides may
be right to some extent? If they are as
well, or better, not turned, it surely saves
work. But Is it? What do you think
about it. reader? Why do you and the
hen turn the eggs during Incubation'.’
Isn’t the principal reason because you
wish to keep the developing germ, which
always floats on top. from sticking tn the
shell? Another reason is of course to
equalize the heat. Is it not. then, reason
able, to suppose that th*’ germ will he less
liable to adhere to the shell if the eggs
are turned daily before placed in incu
bation? If an egg was to remain in one
position for two or three weeks, the lat
ter being about the limit as to the time
which It can be kept, it surely seems rea
sonable to suppose that the germ, floating
on top. has adhered to the shell, In w’hich
<ase it would be doubtful of hatching, or
if it did hatch be deformed. The hen
that steals her nest certainly turns her
eggs man: J lines while laying a clutch,
for if you watch a hen while laying in a
partly tilled nest you will notice her
treading them and poking the eggs under
her with her "nose. " We think if it was
a bad thing for a hen to turn the eggs
nature would have taught her better
Therefore we think it best to give the
eggs the benefit of the doubt and turn
them daily However, this question could
be settled beyond any doubt if some of
the stations would take hold of it and
make tests with fertile eggs laid by the
same hens.
How about the position in which the
egg shall be placed awaiting incubation?
i Shall it be placed on end or on the side?
Here again we ran go to the hen that
stole her nest for knowledge We find
that the eggs lay on the side in the nest.
If Petter to be on end, nature no doubt
could have found some means of manag
ing it that wa. If we break an egg we
find on each side of the yolk a white
string' substance that makes one almost
gqg when eating a raw egg This Is the
thread that holds the germ in position
While developing. Eggs during incuba
tion should always be kept on the side
w’hile handling as well as in the egg
trays. There is a good reason for this
When placed on end the
weight of the embryo chick is all on one
thread, which is liable to break and en
danger Its life. It is therefore reason
able to suppose that these threads may
be better kept intact at all stages by
keeping the egg on its side. This may
be one reason why eggs shipped long dis
tances are less liable to hatch as well,
though they may be fertile. They are
packed by standing on the small end,
rendering them less liable to breakage.
These questions pertaining to the keep
ing and care of eggs held for incubation
should be settled by authorities in a man
ner that would keep prominent writers
on poultry subjects from presenting con
trary views. There are enough things
for them to discuss and debate if funda
mental principles are established heypnd
reach of their versatile pens. This much
consideration is due the beginner in poul
try culture.
We wish to make reference In this
.connection to a course now being pur
sued by Increasing numbers of breeders
in order to secure a higher percentage
of fertility in eggs This Is the plan ol
having tw’o males head a pen and alter
nating them. Even breeders of the fancy
ar** practicing It. and Mr. Kellerstrass
states that he employed it last seasA|
Os course males of the same blood lines
and as nearly alike as possible should be
used for the same pen. The law of nat
ural selection causes some females 1o re
fuse to mate with some males, and by
giving them two tn choose from their
natural prejudice Is largely overcome.
Larger pens can be mated up in this man
ner if desired than if the two males ran
together, when one is always an insuf
ferable and arrogant boss and makes life
miserable for the other. The females are
never well served w’ith two males In the
pen at the same time. By alternating
each can be fed separately, secure extra
attention and • vigor be preserved, as it
sometimes happens that a rock bird is so
gallant he will refuse to eat until bis
mates are fed A good roomy coop can
be fastened up from the floor on the side
of the pen to hold the cock not in use.
Try this plan and you will secure much
stronger fertility.
Sometimes it seems very easy to secure
fertile eggs by the most indifferent meth
ods. But It is not safe to follow indiffer
ent methods in anything connected with
poultry keeping. As an illustration 1
w’ill relate an incident in my own expe
rience some years ago One season I had
about one hundred hens running at large,
kept for pgg purposes T also had a pet
Barred Flock cock hatched from eggs
purchased of the late M S. Gardner. He
was trained lotdo several tricks, such as
jumping through your hands, etc J had
him until he died a natural death, for his
trick accomplishments. During the year
referred to he was three years old and
ran with the one hundred hens as their
only male companion. one of the hens
stole her nest and made it on the ground
in an adjoining meadow. When cutting
the hay the machine ran over the nest
scaring off ’he hen. which caused her dis
covery There* were eleven eggs in the
nest just hatching The hen went back
and hatched out every egg and the chicks
were al) strong and vigorous. Think ot
one male w’ith a hundred hens, every egg
fertile, and every fertile rgg hatching,
one hundred per cent in eaoh case Poul
try Advocate.
ALFALFA ONE OF THE
BEST GREEN FEEDS
FOR POULTRY FLOCKS
Alfalfa is one of the best plants to fur
nish green food for chickens, but ordi
narily it soon kills out If over-pastured.
Alfalfa crowns that have been cut off
and ploughed under and that have taken
root again are much harder to kill out.
as many have found by repeatedly grub
bing out the same stool that has taken
root, the second time. Such crowns seem
to put out shoots from each piece of
root that is left in the ground if the
soil is in favorable condition
Those who Arieslre to establish alfalfa
in thdr poultry yards can succeed in this
way by ploughing or spading under alfalfa
crowns that have been freshly ploughed
out from some field nearby Early In the
spring is the best time, while the crowns
are still dormant
The < rowns should be covered from four
tn six inches deep and the soil wet down
and kept moist and the chickens kept off
until the crowns have me established
which will be much sooner than alfalfa
from seed and will stand much harder
pasture.
INCUBATOR HINTS
FROM UN EXPERT
—
Just How to Get the Best Re
sults and How to Care for
Chicks and Machine.
By O. P. SCOTT,
Manager Pacific Incubator Company,
Tacoma, Wash.
Th* writer has been experimenting,
making and selling incubators for
about 30 years, not just now and then,
but twelve months each year. Old
Biddy has been aur only model to work
from, and it would seein that in all that
time one could master her every
thought, and action, and while artificial
Incubators have made wonderful strides
In recent years, there has been one
most important feature overlooked,
namely, the cooling and airing of the
eggs.
Possibly I should not say cooling, for
there Is the point I wish to make that
in nature eggs are not cooled. When
the hen leaves her nest (as most people
think for food and drink), nature or
Instinct tells her Just how long to re
main off tlie nest, so that the eggs may
not be injured by becoming cold or
chilled. By watching her carefully, you
will note that (if she Is a good setter)
she will not leave the nest for the first
36 to 40 hours, and if so, she will quick
ly return.
The "incubator manufacturer” ad
vises that after the eggs are placed in
the machine they are to remain undis
turbed for the above length of time.
The eggs turned and replaced as soon
as possible, always leaving the door
closed, that the heat may be kept up to
the proper degree, for the hen will re
turn to her nest with the same degree
of heat that she had when she left It,
and we must, to succeed, imitate her
closely.
The point I wish tn make is this, that
we do not imitate the hen in airing the
eggs. All incubator manufacturers (ex
cept one) make the egg trays exactly
the same, with wire cloth for the bot
tom of the tray. Why the wire bot
tom? That the warm air may pass
through and warm the nursery drawer.
And In some machines to nermlt the
air to pass out of the machine below
the eggs. What is the result? Very
dangerous, one might say suicidal. I
will try to explain so simply that all
can see at a glance that I km cor
rect.
When the hen leaves her nest she
leaves both eggs and. nest warm, say
about 103 or 104 degrees, now follow
carefully; the nest is oval in form; the
eggs He packed together; the bottom
of the nest, you might say, is air tight,
or nearly so: this being the fact, no
air can touch the eggs, only as It
passes over the top of the same. What
is th* result? You air the eggs from
the top down, the eggs cool very slowly,
the nest keeps the eggs warm. The
eggs being close together, keep each
other wjrrtn. We have seen the hen
remain off the nest for an hour, and
still the eggs were not cold. This is
nature.
Now, let us go back Jo the imitation,
the incubator. The eggs are taken from
the machine and as directed either put
on top of the incubator, on a table, box
or anything that may be handy. More
likely the end projecting over the edge
of the table. What is the result? Heat
always creates a draft, instead of cool
ing very slowly and from the top only,
as In nature, the eggs in the tray are
cooled from both top and bottom, while
a current of air is passing up around,
and through, the eggs, and they will
cool very fast. Just as you would do
should you sit near an open window
when quite warm, you would chill
quickly and take cold. If the eggs are
only cooled once during the hatch, the
chicks might stand the shock, but to
repeat It daily for eighteen days you
can at once see that only the strongest
chicks can endure it.
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS
DOWN GO THE PRICES ON STOCK AND EGGS!
Fine Males and Females, $3.00. Eggs, $2 00 per 15, $lO per 100.
C. 0. HARWELL, Atlanta, Ga.
113 North Pryor Street. Phone 8000
HOW TD HANDLE
SGOUHS IN PIGS
Proper Feeding and Dry Pens
Are Essential Items, Asserts
Walter T. Kenner.
To The Georgian: I have received a
great many inquiries in regard to cause,
symptoms and treatment of scours in pigs
and for the benefit of all concerned I will
answer through The Georgian and give
the best T know in regard to this generally
fata! trouble with the young Scours or
diarrhoea. Is a profuse and frequent dis
charge of faeces, and they are usually
watery in consistency. While the pig is
young and the discharge is whitish gray
or gray colored, the trouble is usually
designated as scours, and when the pig
becomes older it Is then generally spoken
of as diarrhoea.
This condition is present as a symptom
in many other diseases. When the dis
ease occurs within the first few days after
birth, ft is nearly always due to a fever
i ish condition in the sow, affecting the
! pig through the milk. It may also be
' produced by a chilly, damp bed. by get
ting nut into the grass when too young,
by fermented food, as slops and mouldy
corn, affecting the mother's milk. When
the pigs become old enough to eat and
drink, it is nearly always due to the feed,
as old table slops and sour milk, green
corn In the fall of the year. It is the ex
ception to raise swill-fed pigs without
this trouble. We also have outbreaks that
Would seem to indicate that the trouble
might be Infectious.
Symptom*.
The symptoms of the trouble are loose
I evacuations, which become more and more
watery. In little pigs these are of a de
cidedly gray color and adhere to the tail
I and to different parts of the body. The
appetite may he good at the beginning.
1 but as the pig becomes decidedly fever
ish the appetite is lost. The back be
comes arched, the flanks hollow, and the
hair rough, and there is indisposition to
move about.
T reatment.
Scours being a disease largely due to
had diets and hygiene, must have as a
foundation for treatment the correction
of these errors. The sow should be in
the farrowing pen for a week prior to
farrowing, she should be fed lightly on
easily digested food. Very little corn
should he given. No purgatives should
be given. Charcoal, salt and wood ashes
should be accessible. These measures will
tend to prevent the feverish condition that
, brings on scours that is so fatal at birth.
For a few days after farrowing the
feed should be light. If scours are dße to
r cold and wet quarters, these must be cor
, rected. When the pigs become old enough
1 to eat and drink they should be given
< sweet food. There is no doubt in my
t mind that but the value of sour swill is
f overestimated, and If It Is fed scours or
1 diarrhoea may be expected. Start pigs
8 off on green corn, gradually using with it
s some sweet and wholesome dry feed.
• WALTER T. KENNER.
Spring Place, Ga.
< GRADE EGGS AT FARM AND
J SELL THEM WHILE FRESH
Eggs on the farm should be graded.
r They should be marked while fresh,
should be clean and wholesome. It Is es
-1 tlmated that about 20 per cent of the
' eggs from thA farm are unfit for food.
The cold storage man does not lose this,
the egg dealer does not lose this, for both
buy at a price sufficiently low to pro
tect them from loss. The farmer and
i producers, then, are the ones who suffer
from careless methods and practices In
. marketing farm eggs.
> MAKE HENS LAY
More eggs. Feed Wonder Egg Pro
, ducer and Chick Grower. Makes you
money. Write for trial. Will con
' vlnce you. Enclose 10c. N. L. Webb,
Lamasco. Tex. Box 14.
Rendotte Farm
White Runner Duck
- Eggs, $5.00 for 12.
The best investment
in the poultry indus
try. Every White
Runner duck hatched
and raised will be
worth a ten dollar
note next fall. Be able
to advertise REN
DOTTE STRAIN,
and get results.
Rendotte Farm
P. 0. Box 300 Atlanta, Ga.
13