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The Georgian’s Poultry and Live Stock Page 200-EGG HEN YET IN UNCERTAINTY Breeding From the Best Lay ers Doesn't Always Give the Expected Results. By J. B. NORMAN. FOR a period of thirteen years the experiment station at Oro no. Maine, has been carrying on investigations in breeding Barred Plymouth Rock poultry for egg produc tion. The importance of increasing the egg supply has been recognized for some time, and if definite methods of im proving the average egg production of fowls can be discovered it will be of great economic value to farmers and poultry keepers throughout the coun try. Such a consideration as this was the reason for instituting rhe work at the Maine station in 1898. Bulletin No. 192, recently issued, is a -somewhat long and technical summary of these investigations. in the general summary, the first conclusion deduced is "that mass se lection for’ high egg production on the basis of the tiapnest record of the in dividual alone did not result in a steady continuous improvement in average flock production, even though it was continued for a period of ten years." To the casual reader such a conclu sion would Seem to preclude the possi bility of inerea'sing the egg production of flocks of poultry by systematic breeding. The conditions, however, are quite different in these eases and when right ly understood the results are by no means so discouraging as they at first seem to he. . Statistics show that the average an nual production of a fowl on farms in the t.’nited States is from 72 to 84 eggs. Ah thoroughly practical experiments must aim to show {hat this average can he greatly increased. The Maine station experiments be gan t with fowls which annually laid more than double this number of eggs. The practice in breeding was to use as mothers of the stock bred in any year only the hens that laid between November 1 of the year in which they were hatched and November I of the following year 150 or more eggs. After the first year all male birds used in the breeding were the sons of mothers whose production in their fl: st laying year was 200 eggs or more. Since the normal gverage annual production of these birds may be taken to have been about 125 eggs. It will ho seen that the selection practiced was fairly stringent. It is no matter of surprise, therefore, to learn that not only was there no improvement in average flock produc tion, but that there was actually a slight decline in production during tne selection period. Yet. the results show conclusively that the average egg production pe: fowl in the country at large can be in creased. If the Maine station can raise and maintain poultry flocks capable of laying annually an average of 125 eggs per fowl, with individuals having a laying capacity ranging from 150 to more than 200 eggs a year, and do it without the introduction of new blood, surely the farmer and practical poultry keeper can do the same thing with sys tematic hatching, care and feeding of their flocks. This is the practical les son from these experiments which should not be Jost to view, notwith standing the station's failure to in crease still further the egg production of the flocks by breeding from its best layers. In the earlier tests, which sought particularly to deal with the practical side of poultry keeping, it had been noted that the daughters of hens that had produced 200 or more eggs each in the pullet year did not usually make high egg records and were In fact no better layers on the average than birds from the genera! flock, and when a new plan of breeding was adopted in the year 1907-08 one of the factors of its working hypothesis was "to discover by means of pedigree analysis thos individuals of the general flock whic i possess high fecundity in inheritable form.” One other practical feature of the Maine station poultry experiments re lates to the subject of inbreeding lha' is. the maintenance of the flocks sot thirteen years without the introduction of new blood, hn this point the con clusion is reached, after a summary of the first ten years' breeding work, that "there is no evidence that the amount of inbreeding practiced duting the mass selection experiment had any unfavor able influence on either the egg pro duction or the general vitality of tne stock." It would probably be risks, however, for the owners of small flocks to adopt this conclusion as a wot king hypoth esis. The Maine station flocks always contained more than 300 fowls and usually nearer 1.000. and this gave op portunity for avoiding close inbreeding which could not be practiced by th average poultry keeper. But in tests i > determine whether the introduction of new blood had any advantages, the station bulletin states that the fomah s in the outcross matings which pro duced adult daughters had the high, i egg production records, and though th gain was not notably large, still what advantage did arise was "in favor of the foreign cockerels that is, of th broad-breeding side of the experi ment.” Evidently, then, th, advan tages of now blood in poultr y breeding i Eg production are undeniable ami should be regularly practiced by farm ers and keepe -of small flocks. -t'oun tri Gentleman. ( THREE FOWLS OF UNUSUAL MERIT 1 I , x . >/ -&W : • » FOWLS MOULTING EARLY THIS YEAR 1 This Means Big Egg Crop. Flock Needs But One Feed ing a Day in Summer. - ’ By J. EVANS SMITH, New Orleans. From the manner in which birds are moulting hereabouts, it is likely they will have passed over this desultory process at least two months earlier than last year. when the moulting period dragged through almost the en tire winter. This will mean a greater egg yield for this year, better results for the breeder and more generalysaljs faction all around. i It has ever, been a practice .h/re. due largely to the prolonged summers, to tmn the birds out in the fields June ! and to let them hustle sot a living; bar ring a night feed. Ftom June 1 until September 1. the cost of keeping them on a farm where they get all the- green food and bugs they can devour is sma‘:. What eggs they lay during these months I more than pay fo'r their Feed. In the summer the young birds get tn the habit of roosting in the trees, but once they are placed in the breeding pens they take to the roosts for want of lof a perch elsew here. During the hot summer months the trees are, no doubt, the best place for them. In the trees they are free from mites and other in sects likely to be encountered in a house, and they have the advantage of fresh air and a cool place. It is a question whether birds in this climate do hot get along just as well out in the open, both summer and win ter. If this be the case, it would have the effect of revolutionizing the poult, y industry H. H. Stoddard, of Riviera. Texas, has been keeping a large flock of White Leghorns on a poultry farm without a house on it. barring only the granary. He tells me lie gets a good average egg yield both summer ami winter. His birds roost on "horse.-." without anything over their heads. In the winter he arranges a wind-break behind them to keep the storms from blowing them off the roosts. Whether such a procedure be feasi ble or not, the fact remains that the farmers of the fa- South will continue to let their chickens hustle for them selves during the summer months. They are willing-to feed them at night, but are glad to have them away the rest of the time. Often they fail to collect the eggs more titan once a day during sweltering weather, and in consequence the Southern egg sells for less on the market than does the Northern egg. It is in the out-of-the-way sections of the Soqth that the cheapest, also the worst, eggs are to be had. In this enlightened age it is still possible to juflpp off at some out-of-the-way railroad station on a branch line, hire a buggy and go through the country buying eggs at eight and ten cents a dozen Some of the eggs will be freshly laid, some will be nest eggs, and most of them dirty eggs It is this class of egg that is be ing shipped North and which is rejett ed unless sold below the regular mar ket quotations. Nowhere does the poultry and egg business offer greater opportunities' than hereabouts. Here chickens can take care of themselves year in and year out in so far as housing is con cerned. and can always find an abun dance of animal and vegetable food, a big factor in the problem of feeding. Reliable Poultry Journal. CAN THEY STAY WHITE.’ White Orpington breeders are still arguing vigorously over the question of whether or not genuine stay-white males can be bred At present the ten dency »>f the males is to show a brassy coloring after- a moult or two, especial!;, if they have been exp sed to the norma' amount of sun and rain. The breed,- s believe in time that this failing can be eliminated. In the meantim- tin- White <>; pington:- continue to be one of Ano - it .i s most popular sow ls. -- ■ *7' xx J2/* fcggglffit aKSBBjSKFnfrf tS..'x- Sr ” " 7 ■>_ - - I At the right, a splendid White Orpington pullet owned by Rhodesville poultry farm. Alliens. Ai the left, one of the many superb Buff Orpingtons owned by V. A. Ham. formerly of Xew nan ; below, a White Plymouth Roek cockerel which is one of the many tine birds in the yards of Bacon & Heywood. (in\lon. ADVICE TO SHIPPERS AND BUYERS OF EGGS I WASHINGTON. 1). Aug.'lo.—it is a. conservative estimate that more ■ than $45,000,000 is lost in the egg produeins sections annually because of improper handling. This enormous loss I is due to small eggs, cracker! and brok en eggs, dirty, stale, heated thatched) and rotten eggs. .lust think of the waste this sum means, froth the time the mother hen loses from her business of egg laying in order to hatch and bring up the hens that lay these wasted eggs, to the money that the housewife pays for the bad egg that cannot lie used. It is a loss to you, to the farm er, to every one in the egg business, and to the consumer. Will you assist us in our effort to save this loss and to improve the egg that finally gets to market? When farmers, peddlers, merchants, etc., come to you with eggs for sale, talk to them about the improvement of the market egg, and enlist their co operation in the. elimination of this great loss. Here are some of the fun damental points to 1)1 eon-id' red by . all egg men, whether producers, ship pers. of middlemen: 1. Encourage the production of large , eggs. This can be accomplished by keeping pure bred “'general purpose" , breeds of fowls, h itching only the eggs that weigh at least two ounces apiece ; and from only the most vigorous stock A higher ■price I’m large than for -m.ill rggs will help along the argument. , 2. Infertile eggs do not hatch, do'not • form blood rings and seldom form black' rots. If the male birds are sold m i the® hens will l.ty mote eggs and they will i he infertile. :>. A year-round observation of New York egg receipts showed that over 12 pet cent were dirty shelled, and sold for a lower price on this account. You should buy the-" dirty eggs hi a Iwi price, for you are p.,;d less for them. If one nest is provided for each six hens, in a cool, dark plm e. kept clean 1 and vermin free, dirty eggs will be re- i duced to a minimum I Mote than It) pet iteht of the <-gg- | received in New York during the .veal I tie "seconds." because they are stale. Toll you, egg non liiat gathering tir- I'OTv afternoon ot twice balls in lot hH WilP '>• &JMI . a... £ . JBSSI or murky weather, keeping them in a cool, clean, dry place until riiarketcd. and marketing at least once a wook, and more frequently in the summer time will reduce the number of stale eggs greatly. <if c ourse, stale eggs are worth less money th en fresh eggs, all along lite line. 5. c'an you convince your trade that eggs from stolen nests and from incu bators ate never tit for sale? if the farmer thinks tlu-c ate good, reliable food urge him to eat the 111 yt home. Eor. since the egg buyer cm afford to pay more for large, clean. fresh, whole-shelled eggs it Is good business for the farmer to use smell, dirty, cracked eggs at home. I. Ho you know how to candle eggs? If not. J' arn. and learn quickly! There is no other way by which you can de termine the worth of w hat you ; re pay ing for. Having y ourself burned how to grade eggs, show the met' hunts, peddle) s tend farmers in your neighbor hood. by means of the candle, what kind of eggs they are bringing to you. l-’armer.s are not scamps, nor i*gg buy ers angels. Show the farmer the kind of eggs you cannot pay for and he w ill find away to eliminate the bad egg and to make the good egg even better. 7. When first quality eggs come to your packing house what mean- do you take to keep them so until they get to market? To build up and kc-ep a good reputation for your output you must gride carefully ami uniformly: pack in good tillers. Hats, ami eases; ship quickly and under good conditions. If you would bo elnssed among up-to date shippers you must have mechan ical refrigeration that the chilling of the egg may tiegin the minute you re ceive it. Candle in a room where the tempi rature (hies not go above 55 de- , groes I-'. Ship c hilled, in a good r< - frigeiator car. in car Im-. If you can not chill the eggs befo ■ shipping use ,i re frigerator ear. I! iced, and ship only the minimum load, that the . gg.- may receive the benefit of the lee be fore the market is reached. Send I hi- let tit. or c oples of it. to the egg people in you' vicinity if it will serve to strengthen you: argument for bi tier egg handling .V !•! PENNINGTON Ph l> 1 Approved: JAMES WILS' >N Soet.-mrv BLACK LANGSHAN CHOWS POPULAR Fine Old Utility Breed Is Now Coming Back and Taking Its Accustomed Place. By DR. W. M. DRAKE. Comparatively little has appeared In the poultry press of late in regard to | the Black I.angshan as a utility fowl, though a few years ago no breed stood higher in this particular and they were conceded to be very close to the head of I the list. While with the passing of "time other breeds and varieties have appeared to Htirac.t the fancier and while advertis ing on a large scale has boomed and i pushed to the front some of these new. er breeds, the lordly Langsltans have I lost none of their good qualities, hut possess today the same sterling quali ties that made them popular and a general favorite a few years ago. When in 1907 a pen of Black l.ang shans carried off the honors in the Australian laying contest, with an av erage of 249 eggs per hen. the breeders of other varieties read the announce ment with some surprise, but it came as no surprise to those who had bred or were breeding the Langsltans, for the breed is one that has the laying habit, and has ft strong Any one who . has ever bred them will tell you. re gardless of what variety they may now have-, that they never had better lay ers than the Langshans. The writer has had pullets begin laying In No ! vember that kept It up. skipping a day now and. then, until they began to moult the next August, without be coming broody They lay a large egg. larger in fact than almost every other breed except possibly the Minorcas. The color is a rich brown and is quite uniform. Although they are a rather large breed, the standard weights being about the same as for Plymouth Rocks, they stand confinement well and do not seem to require the range that the small breeds do. Look into the pen at almost any time and you will see them busy. This may account for their re markable laying propensity, even when confined In a small bouse or yard. They are of such a disposition that a | four-foot fence has never failed to keep j - them in for me. and while I had all I kinds of trouble even w ith a six-foot i fence when keeping other breeds, those troubles were a tiling of the past when i I took up breeding Langshans. While they are not inveterate setters as are some of the larger varieties, they I nevertheless make most excellent moth- I ers and usuallt begin laying again I when the chicks are five or six weeks ' old. The.v have some years of breeding back of them, hem e breed true to type more reaflily than some of the newer breed- While there are almost as many <1 iff, rent shades of red ami buff and some other colors as there are judges, thet- is just one black color, which i makes it easier to breed for fancy ! points Os late years the bleed has been coming into its own. Its good quali t.e- at, being once mote recognized I land It is seen in ever increasing num bers In the show room. Every year I finds it gaining new friends among ■those who wish a first-class, all-round] ' fowl. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION. ] A meeting was held in July in Lon- Elon to complete the organization of the International Association of Poultry llnstrmto's and Investigators. This 'uganlzation was set in motion four i\'-a’~ ago in America and then included I only members f ont the I'nited States and t’anada. Sime then It has been ie g-nuincly intern Vonal in its i-< ope and l-id wa ' I Bl ow n, of Reading | England. Europe's foremost authority t'!i l't»ji’l\ has li.lillt-tl nhm-nf Orpingtons. For SALE—one pen—seven hens and one cockerel: all raised last year; par ties leaving city Bell phone Main 5371-.1. BI.Ai’K < >RPIN<|ToNS—Cocks. hens cockerels, pullets; summer prices. Hal Riviere .Kirkwood. Ga 33-8-!t FOR SALE Buff Orpington pullets and cockerels. March hatching, at $1 each. R I Lenptrot. Pinehurst. Ga 8-7-22 Black Langshans. - --o-k —r_-r,-jCXI, BLACK LANGSHANS, old and young stork for salf. Rose Valiev Farm. Box 942. Atlanta. Ga 8-8-2 Bantams. Bantams —Game Bantams. Sebrlgnts. Buff Cochins Carlisle Cobb. Athens, <••- 4-2K-3I Wyandottes. LACED and Columbian Wvan- S. C. R. 1. Reds; eggs, $1 and $2 per 15 \V. D Bonnett. Molena. Ga 12-13-3?. Ducks. INDIAN RI'NNER DECKS Either pen ciled or fawn and white at $1 each good ones, lime > et to raise stock: order today Munnimaker Poultry Farm, Normandy. T«nn. . 5-25 -.3 INDIAN Runntr Ducks, fawn and white. at special bargain this week. I 2« East ave., Kirkwood. 28-8 9 Eggs. WHITE WYANDOTTE K( 1( J S. FROM extra fire pen of the famous Fish el strain bred-to-lax birds; unexcelled ; for beam; and vltalitv ; $5 per fifteen Mrs. Ella M Harrison. College Park R-PL74 THOROI GHBRKD Buff Orpington eggs, *1 per fifteen. $5 per hundred. 126 Wind so.- street. Main 3»BS 4-27-25 Pigeons. F()R SALE At a great sacrifice, 500 far neau pigeons, guaranteed from imported Belgium stock \\ T. Graves. Demopolis. Ala 8-10-69 TWO pair Maltese hens, one pah English runts, $lO for lot. Guy College Park 25-8-9 Miscellaneous Poultry. TEN one and two-year-old B. I’. R hens. Tompkins strain, for $7.50. Thirty three to four-months-old B. I’ chickens/fifteen pullets, fifteen cockerels for sls; fourteen four-months-old White Leghorns. Bilt- strain: eight pullets, six cockerels, j for $7.50: two one-year-old Black Minorca hens, one cock, four pullets, for $5; one I one-year-old registered Berkshire hoar for I $2(». ( Stanley, Dacula, Ga 8 0 2 5.000 ISARLY hatchsd White and Brown Leghorn pullets, bred for eggs; in num bers to suit; also Airedale 'Terriers. American Poultry Plant. Collins, Ohio. 30-8-10 FOR SALE Have purchased Northern breeder's entire flock ’ ack Orpingtons. M.\ prices will move them rapidly. 300 old and young W. E. Lumley. Tulla homa. Tenn. 3-30-2 Miscellaneous Poultry. Miscellaneous Poultry. H. G HAST INGS & co? SEEDSMEN E()R THE SOI TH. 16 WEST MITCHELL STREET. EOt R CITY DELIVERIES DAILY. NORTH AND SOI TH SIDE it A. M.. INMAN PARK AND WEST END 2 P. M. BELL PHONE M. 2568. ATLANTA 2568. OXCE TRIED the “Red Comb” Poultry Feeds are al ways fed. LEE S 50c Germozone. CRUSHTD OYSTER SHELL is what you need in order to stop the hens from laying soft shell eggs. SI.OO a 100 pound bag. IT IS A GOOD IDEA to begin now feeding your hens some good laying tonic. by doing this you will aid them while moulting and start them to laying early. We recommend either of the following as being good, and assure you that either of them will give entire sat isfaction: Conkey’s Laying Tonic, Lee’s Egg Maker or Rust's Egg Producer. Price 25c and 50c. “BI G DEATH' \\ ILL KILL insects that bother the gardens. It is a nonpoisonous preparation especial ly prepared for this purpose. One pound package 15c, postpaid 35c; 3 pounds 35c, 5 pounds 50c, 121-2 pounds SI.OO. MOCKING BIRD FOOD, bird seed, gravel, manna, tonic and song restorer. Canary, mockingbird, par rot and squirrel cages —extra seed and water cups. IT IS EASIi IO CI RE fowls that are troubled with roup, .lust get a box of Conkey’s Roup Remedy and the trouble will be over. 25c. 50c and SI.OO. I IRXIP SEED. TURNIP SEED? WRITE for a copy of our summer and fall seed Cata logue. FOR THE HORSE OR COW that is run down and is out of condition try Lee's Best Stock Conditioner. 25c and 50c. FLOWER POTS, fern pots, and pot saucers, in all sizes. RID YOl R P()t LTRY and poultry houses of mites with Conkey’s Nox-i-Cide. It is just the thing for a dip. One pint 35c, 1 quart 60c, 2 quarts 90c. 1 gallon $1.50. ALFALFA MEAL, wheat bran. granulated bone, chicken wheat, beef scraps, etc. HEADQUARTERS for drinking founts, feed pans, grit and shell boxes, food hoppers, leg bands and poultry markers. LIQI ID LICE KILLER, lice powders and medicated nest eggs. GEI < (tNKI'A S Fl A’ KNOCKER and keep your horse, cow ami stable rid of Hies. One quart 35c, 2 quarts 60r, 1 gallon sl.Gu. Miscellaneous Poultry. BILTMORE strain Barred Hocks and T Uhi , te Leghorns; eggs for hatching; fifteen for *1.50. BILTMORE Jersey calves for sale. Address BILTMORE Farms. BILTMORE. N. C l-27-7» CIILORO-NAPTHOLEUM _ mp’ AND LIVE STOCK DISINFECTANT. GET RID of chicken lice and keep your poultry healthy Chloro-Naptholeum does tb» work, prevents roup, gape and other diseases: quart. 50c: one-half gallon. 90c: one gallon. $1.50. West Dis infecting Company, 26 South Forsyth street. Atlanta 7-23-22 Dogs. FOR SALE—One pair high-bred fox hound pups from the Walker strain these are beauties F. 8.. care Georgian „ 62-8-10 ''’’LL S ALE—Beagle hounds, young and old. Rose 3 alley Farm. Atlanta Ga -8-3 COON AND FOX hounds, full blood, red hone, two years old; three packs will be sold for the next nve days for halt of tegular price .1 s Eobo, Villa Rica l,a 8-6-13 Horses and Carriages W ANTED To rent by week, surrey and harness for small horse; must be rea sonable Answer Postoffice Hox 1265 4 l - g -9 Hogs FOR SA I. I'. Our entires herd of Berkshire hogs .■heap for quick sale. Two as Lint 1 hoars as Georgia af fords. and a lot of tine sows anti pigs from 4 weeks old to 10 weeks old. All got to sell at once on account of farm not being large enough and other business. Thev are all registered, and a tine type. Satisfaction guaran teed on every hog that we sell. M. I). Martin, Carters ville. Ga. 8-10-44 Cows. WILL Bl'Y a good cow. H. M. Phons 057. 59-8-10 ItA like getting money from home, for It's money easily made nv reading using and answering the Want Ads in The Georgian Few people realize the many opportunities offered them among the small ads It's a good sign that if the peo ple did not get results from the Want Ads of The Georgian that there would not be so many of them. If. for nothing else, sit down and check off the ads that appeal to you You will be astonished how many of them mean money to you. The Want Ad pages are bargain counters in every line. The ads are so conveniently arranged that they an be picked out very easy. ,