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The Poultry and Live Stock Page 200-EGG HEN YET AN MINTY Breeding From the Best Lay ers Doesn’t Always Give the Expected Results. By J. B. NORMAN. FOR a period of thirteen years the experiment station at Oro no. Maine, has been carrying on investigations in breeding Barred Plymouth Rock poultry for egg produc tion. The imporlanee of increasing the egg supply has been recognized for some time, and if definite methods of im proving the average egg production of fowls can be discovered it will be of great economic value to farmers and poultry keepers throughout the coun try. Such a consideration as this was the treason for instituting’ rhe work at the Maine station in 1898. Bulletin No. 192. recently issued, is a somewhat long and technical summary of these investigations Tn the general summary, the first conclusion deduced is "that mass se lection for high egg production on the basis of the trapnest record of the in dividual alone did not result in a steady’ continuous improvement in average flock production, even though it was continued for a period of ten years." To the casual reader such a conclu sion would seem to preclude the possi bility of increasing the egg production of flocks of poultry by systematic breeding. The conditions, however, are quite different in these cases and when tight ly understood the results are by no means so discouraging as they at first seem to be. Statistics show that the average an nual production of a fowl on farms In the United States is from 72 to 84 egge. All thoroughly’ practical experiments must aim to show that this average can be greatly increased. The Maine station experiments be gan with fowls which annually laid more than double this number of eggs The practice in breeding was to use as mothers of the stock bred in any year only the hens that laid between November 1 of the year in which they were hatched and November 1 of the following year 150 or more eggs. After the first year all male birds used in tn» breeding were the sons of mothers whose production in their first laying year was 200 eggs or more. Since the normal average annual production of these birds may be taken to have been about 125 eggs, it will be seen that the selection practiced was fairly stringent. It is no matter of surprise, therefore, to learn that not; only was there no Improvement tn average flock produc tion. but that there was actually a slight decline in production during tne selection period. Yet. the results show conclusively that the average egg production per fowl in the country at large can be in creased If the Maine station can raise and maintain poultry flocks capable of laying annually an average of 125 eggs per fowl, with individuals having a laying capacity ranging from 150 to more than 200 eggs a year, and do it without the introduction of new blood, surely the farmer and practical poultry keeper can do the same thing'with sys tematic hatching, care and feeding of their flocks. This is the practical les son from these experiments which should not be lost to view, notwith standing the station’s failure to In crease still further the egg production of the flocks by breeding from its best layers. In the earlier tests, which sought particularly to deal with the practical side of poultry keeping, it had been noted that the daughters of hens that had produced 200 or more eggs each in the pullet year did not usually make high egg records and were in fact no better layers on the average than birds from the general flock, and when a new plan of breeding was adopted in the yea: 1907-08 one of the factors of its working hypothesis was "to discover by means of pedigree analysis thos individuals of the general flock which possess high fecundity in inheritable form.” One other practical feature of the Maine station poultry experiments re lates to the subject of inbreeding—tha’ Is. the maintenance of the flocks fo' thirteen years without the introduction of new blood. On this point the con clusion is reached, after a summary of Ihe first ten years’ breeding work, that "there is no evidence that the amount of inbreeding practiced during the mass selection experiment had any unfavor able influence on either the egg pro duction or the general vitality of the stock." It would probably be risky. however, for the owners of small flocks to adopt this conclusion as a wo king hypoth esis. The Maine station flocks always contained more than 30<l fowls and usually nearer 1.000. and this gave op portunity for avoiding close inbreeding which could not be practiced by th” average poultry keeper. But in tests to determine whether the introduction ot new blood had any advantages, the station bulletin states that the females in the outcross matings which pro duced adult daughters had the high' r egg production records, and though th gain was not notably large, still what advantage did arise was "in favor of the foreign cockerels—that is, of th • broad-breeding side of the experi ment." Evidently, then, the advan tages of new blood in poult: y breeding for egg production are undeniable and should be regular!' prnelh- J by farm ers and keepers of small flocks.—Coun try Gentleman | THREE FOWLS OF UNUSUAL MERIT - FOWLS MOULTING EARLY THIS YEM This Means Big Egg Crop. Flock Needs But One Feed ing a Day in Summer. By J. EVANS SMITH, New Orleans. From the manner in which birds are moulting hereabouts, it is likely they will have passed over this desultory; process at least two months earlier than last year, when the moulting period dragged through almost the en tire winter. This will mean a greater egg yield for this year, better results for the breeder and more general satis faction all around. It has ever been a practice here, due. I largely to the prolonged summers, to. turn the birds out in the fields June 1 ; and to let them hustle for a living.' bar-, ring a night feed. I'rnm June 1 until 1 September 1, the cost of keeping them on a farm where they.get all the green food and bugs they can devour is small. What eggs they lay during these months more than pay for their feed. In the summer the young birds get tn the habit of roosting in the trees, but once they are placed in the breeding pens they take to the roosts for want of of a perch elsewhere During the hot summer months the trees are, no doubt, the best place for them. In the trees they are free from mites and other in sects likely to be encountered, in a house, and they have the advantage of fresh air and a cool place. It is a question whether birds in this climate do not get along just as well ! out in the open, both summer pnd w in ter. If this be the case, it would have the effect of revolutionizing the poultry industry. H. H. Stoddard, of Rivieia, Texas, has been keeping a large flock of White Leghorns on a poultry farm without a house on it. barring only the granary. He tells me he gets a good average egg yield both summer and winter. His birds roost on "horses” without anything over their heads. In the winter he arranges a wind-break behind them to keep the storms from blowing them off the roosts. Whet her such a procedure be feasi ble or not? the fact remains that the farmers of the far South will continue to let their chickens hustle for them selves during the summed months. They are willing to feed them at night, but are glad to have them away the rest of the time, often they fail to collect the eggs more than once a day during sweltering weather, and in consequence the Southern egg sells for less on the market than does the Northern egg. It is in the out-of-the-way sections of tip South that the cheapest, also the worst, eggs are tn be had. In this enlightened age it is still possible to jump off at some out-of-the-way railroad station on a branch line, hire a buggy and go through the country buying eggs at eight and ten cents a dozen Some of the eggs will be freshly laid, some will be nest eggs, and most of them dirty eggs. It is this class of egg that is be ing shipped North and which is reject ed unless sold below the regular mar ket quotations. Nowhere does the poultry and egg business offer greater opportunities than hereabouts. Here chickens can take care of themselves year in and year out in so far as housing is con cerned. ami can always find an abmi dance of animal and vegetable food, a big factor- in the problem of feeding. - Reliable Poultry Journal. CAN THEY STAY WHITE? White Orpington breeders are still arguing vigorously over the, question of whether or not genuine stay-white males can be bred At present the t< i.- dency of the males is to show a brassy coloring after a moult or two. especially If they have been exposed to the norma! amount of sun and rain. The breed” s believe in time that this f—iling can be eliminated. In the meantime tire White < b pingtons continue to be one of Amer ica’s most popular fowls Kg k ! 1- I? ttzzzlv --- - :i~ At the eight. ;t splendid White Orpington pullet owned by Rhodesville poultry farm, Athens. Ar'the left’rtrre of the many superb Buff Orpingtons owned by V. A. Hani, formerly of New nan : below, a White Plymouth Rock co -korblivhioh is one of the many fine birds in t.he yards of Bacon & lleywoitd; Guvton. —-—--- - ADVICE TO. SHIPPERS AND BUYERS OF EGGS • t ( • 1 WASHINGTON, I). C._ Aug. 1". It is a conservative estimate that more than 545.000,000 is lost In the egg producing sections annually because <;f improper handling. This enormous loss is due to small eggs, cracked and brok en eggs, dirty, stale, heated (hatched) and rotten eggs. Just think of the waste, this sum means, from the time the mother hen loses from her business of egg laying in order to hatch and bring up the hens that lay these wasted eggs, to the money that the housewife pays for the bad egg that cannot be used. It is a loss to you. to the farm er, to every one In thgl egg business, and to the consumer. Will you assist us in our effort to save this loss anil to improve the egg that finally gets to ma rket When farmers. peddlers, m rehants, etc., come to you with eggs for sale, talk to them about the improvement of the market egg. and enlist their co operation in the elimination of thjs great loss. Here are some of the fun damental points to be considered by all egg men. whether producer? ship pers. or middlemen: 1. Encourage the production of large eggs. This can be accomplished by keeping pun hied "general purpose" breeds of fowls, hatching only the eggs that weigh at least two ounces apiece' and from only the most vigorous stock. A higher price for large than for small eggs will help along the argument. 2. Infertile eggs do not hatch, do not. form blood rings and seldom form black rots. If the mile birds are sold un penned up June 1 the flock of hem- will Ity more i ggs and they will be infertile. 3. A year-round observation of New York egg receipts showed that over 12 per tent were dirty shelled, and sold for a lower price on this account. You should buy these dirty eggs at a lowet price, for you are |...id less sot them. If one nest Is provided for each six hens, in a cool, dark place, kept clean and vermin free, dirty eggs will be re duced to a minimum. 4 Mme than 10 per cent of the eggs received in New York during the year are "seconds." because they are stale. Ted vour egg men that gathering eggs every afternoon, or twice daily in hot w * .MW wk - J.W ’f .-» ♦> or murky weather, keeping them in a ■ cool, clean, dry place until marketed. and marketing at least once a week, and more frequently in the summer time, will reduce the number of stale eggs greatly (if course, stale eggs are worth less money than fresh eggs, all ■ along the line. 5. Can you convince your trade that eggs from stolen nests and from incu bators are never fit for sale? if the farmer thinks they are good, reliable food urge him to eat them at home. For. since the egg buyer can afford to pay more for large, clean, fresh, whole-shelled eggs, it is good business for the farmer to use small, dirty. , cracked eggs at home. ti. tjo you know how to candle eggs? If not, learn, and learn quickly! There is no other way by which you can de termine the worth of what you are pay ing for. Having yourself learned how to grade eggs, show the merchants, peddlers and farmers in y our neighbor hood, by means of the candle, what kind of eggs they are bringing to you. Farmers are not stamps, nor egg buy ers angels. Show the farmer the kind of eggs you cannot pay for and he will find away to eliminate the bail egg and to make the good egg even better 7. When first quality eggs come to your packing house wh it mean.--.do you take to keep them so until they get to market’’ To build up and keep a good reputation for your output you must grade carefully and uniformly : pack in gootl tillers. Hats, and < as. s. .-hip quickie and under good condition-- Ilf you would be classed among up-to date shippers you must have mechan ical refrigeration that the chilling of the egg may begin t lie minute you re ceive h. Candie in a room where the tempi future does not go above 55 de grees F. Ship chilled, in a good re frigerator car In .ar lot-. If you can not chill the eggs before shipping, use a refrigerator ear, well iced, and ship only the minimum load, that the eggs may receive the benefit of the ice be fore the market is reached. Send this letter, or copies of it. to the egg people In your vicinity if it will serve to strengthen your argument for better eeg handling M K. PENNINGTON Ph. 1). Approved: JAMES WILSON, Secretary. BLACKLANGSHAN GROWS POPULAR Fine Old Utility Breed Is Now Coming Back and Taking Its Accustomed Place. By DR. W. M. DRAKE. Comparatively little has appeared in the poultry press of late in regard to the Black Langshan as a utility fowl, though a few years ago no breed stood higher tn this particular an<l they w T ere conceded to be very close to the head of the list. While with the passing of time other breeds and varieties have appeared to iHttract the fancier and while advertis ing on a large scale has boomed and ' pushed to the front some of these new er breeds, the lordly F.angshans have tost none of their good qualities, but possess today the same sterling quali ties that made them popular and a general favorite a few years ago. When in 1907 a pen of Black Eang shans carried off the honors in the Australian laying contest, with an av erage of 249 eggs per hen. the breeders of other varieties read the announce ment with some surprise, but it came as nn surprise to those who had bred or were breeding the Langshans, for the breed Is one that has the laying habit, and has 1t strong. Any one who I teas ever bred them will toll you. re gardless of what variety they* may now have, that they never had better lay ers than the Langshans. The writer has had pullets begin laying In No- I vember that kept it up. skipping a day now and then-, until they began to moult the next August, without be coming broody They lay a large egg ' larger in fact than almost every other breed except possibly the The color is a rich brown and is quite uniform. Although they are a rather large breed, the standard weights being ' about the same as for Plymouth Rocks, they stand confinement well and do not seem to require the range that the syiall breeds do. Look Into the t>en at almost any time and you will »eo them busy. This may account for their re markable laying propensity, even when ' confined In a small house or yard. They are of such a disposition that a four-foot fence has never failed to k»*ep • them in for me. and whik I had all kinds of trouble even with a six-foot ( fence when keeping other breeds, those ‘ | troubles were a thing of the past when , I took up breeding Langshans. While they are not inveterate setters as are some of the larger varieties, they . ! nevertheless make most excellent moth ers and usually begin laying again I when the chicks are five or six weeks . : old. They have some years of breeding ' ' back of them, hence breed true to type ' mor* readily than some of the newer; ' breeds While there are almost as many I I different shades of ted and buff and; , | some other colors as there are judges,! there is just one black color, which ; makes it easier to breed for fancy i j points. Os late years the breed has been' I corning into its own. Its good quali-| ties are being once more recognized and it is seen in ever increasing nurn- I hers In the show room. Every year finds it gaining new friends among those who wish a firat-class, all-round fowl ’ INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION. A meeting was held in July in Lon ! d«»n to complete the organization of the ! International Association of Poultry Instructo s and Investigators 'Phi organization was set in motion four years ago in America and then included only members from the I’nited States and Panada. Sime then it has been mad'- genuinely international in its s< ope and Edward Brown, of Reading England. Europe’s foremost authority on poultry, ha- been named president. Orpingtons. FOR SALE —One pen—seven hens and one cockerel; all raised last vear; par ties leaving city Bell phone Main 5371-.1. . 71-8-10 BLACK <>RPI XGTONS—Cocks. hens cockerels, pullets; summer prices. Hal Riviere, Kirkwood, Ga. SS-8-9 FOR SALE Buff Orpington pullets and cockerels. March hatching, at $1 each. B I Leaptrot, Pinehurst, Ga. 8-7-22 Black Langshans. BLACK LANGSHANS. old and young stork for sale Rose Valley Farm. Box 943. Atlanta. Ga. 8-8-2 Bantams. BAN “ AMS Came Bantam*. Sehrlxhts. Buff Cochins Carllsls Cohb, Athens 4-S6-J* Wyandottes. GOLDEN LACED anti Columbian Wyan dottes, S C. R. I. Reds; eggs. $1 and J 2 per 15. W. D Bennett. Molena. Ga 12-13-33 Ducks. INDIAN RUNNER DUCKS—Either pen ciled or fawn and white at »1 each; good ones: time yet to raise stock: order todnv Munnimaker Poultry Farm, Normandy, Tenn. 5-25-3 INDIAN Runnet Ducks, fawn and white. at Special bargain this week 12« East ave., Kirkwood. 28-8-9 Eggs. WHIT K W YANI)OTTE E.GGS. FROM extra fine pen of the famous Fish el strain hretl-to-lay birds: unexcelled for beauty, and vitality; $5 per fifteen Mrs Ella M. Harrison. College Park -10-74 Tlit>Rot i;H BRED Buff Orpington eggs. *1 per fifteen. 45 per hundred. 126 Wind sor street Main 3588 4-27-25 Pigeons. FOR SALE At a great sacrifice, 500 Car neau pigeons, guaranteed from imported Belgium stock. IV. 'fl. Graves. Demopolis. Ala. 8-10-69 TWO pair Maltese hens, one pair English runts. $lO for lot Guy Tablet-, College. Park 25-8-9 Miscellaneous Poultry. TEN one and two-year-old B. P. K hens, Tompkins strain, for $7 50. Thirty three to four-months-old B P chickens; fifteen pullets, fifteen cockerels for sls: fourteen four-months-old White Leghorns, Bilt more strain eight pullets, six cockerels, for $7.50: two one-year-old Black Minorca hens, one cock, four pullets, for $5; one one-year-old registered Berkshire boar for S2O. Carl I. Stanley, Dacula, Ga 8-10-2 5.000 EARLY hatched White and Brown Leghorn pullets, bred for eggs; in num bers to suit; also Airedale Terriers American Poultry Plant, Collins, Ohio. FOR SALE —Have purchased Northern breeder's entire flock Clack Orpingtons My prices will move them rapidly. 300 old and young W E. Lumley, Tulla homa, Tenn. 3-30-2 Miscellaneous Poultry. Miscellaneous Poultry. SEEDSMEN EOR THE SOUTH. 16 WEST MITCHELL STREET FOUR CITY DELIVERIES DAILY. NORTH AND SOUTH SIDE 9 A. M, INMAN PARK AND WEST END 2 P. M. BELL PHONE M. 2568. ATLANTA 2568. ONCE TRIED the “Red Comb” Poultry Feeds are al ways fed. LE E'S 50c Germozone. CRUSHTD OYSTER SHELL is what you need in order to stop the hens from laying soft shell eggs. SI.OO a 100 pound bag. IT IS A GOOD IDEA to begin now feeding your hens some good laying tonic, by doing this you will aid them while moulting and start them to laying early. W’e recommend either of the following as being good, and assure you that either of them will give entire sat isfaction: Conkey's Laying Tonic, Lee’s Egg Maker or Rust’s Egg Producer. Price 25c and 50c. “Bl'G DEATH” WILL KILL insects that bother the gardens. It is a nonpoisonous preparation especial ly prepared for this purpose. One pound package 15c, postpaid 35c; 3 pounds 35c, 5 pounds 50c, 121-2 pounds SLIM). MOCKING BIRD FOOD, bird seed, gravel, manna, tonic and song restorer. Canary, mockingbird, par rot and squirrel rages—extra seed and water cups. IT IS EASY FO CI E¥E fowls that are troubled with roup. Just get a box ol Conkey 's Roup Remedy and the trouble will be over. 25c, 50c and SI.OO. 'I URNIP SEED. TURNIP SEeIl WRITE for a copy of our summer and fall seed Cata logue. FOR THE HORSE OR COW that is run down and is out of condition try Lee's Bost Stork Conditioner. 25r and 50c. FLOWER PO IS, fern pots, and pot saucers, in all sizes. RID YOl R POl LTRA and poultry houses of mites with Conkey's Nox-i-Cide. It is just the thing for a dip. One pint 35c, 1 quart 60c, 2 quarts 90c, 1 gallon $1.50. ALFALFA MEAL, wheat bran. granulated bone, chicken wheat, beef scraps, etc. HEADQUARTERS for drinking founts, feed pans, grit and shell boxes, food hoppers, leg bands and poultry markers. LIQI ID LICE KILLER, lice powders and medicated nest eggs. GET CONKEA s ELY KNOCKER and keep your horse, cow ami stable rid of Hies. One quart 35c, 2 quarts 60c, 1 gallon SI.OO Miscellaneous Poultry. . Btraln C White Leghorns; eggs for hatching; fifteen for $1.60. BILTMORE Jersey calves for sale. Address BILTMORE barms. BILTMORE. N. C. 1-27-7* CHLOKO-XAPT lIOLEUM - DIP ’ AND LIVE STOCK DISINFECTANT. GET RID of chicken lice and keep your poultry healthy Chloro-Naptholeum doe.s th» work, prevents roup, gape and other diseases: one quart. 50c. one-half gallon. 90c: one gallon. $1.50 West Dis infecting Company, 26 South Forsyth street. Atlanta 7-23-29 Dogs. FOR SALE—One pair high-bred fox hound pups from the Walker strain. These are beauties. F. B . care Georgian FO . R . S ALE—Beagle hounds, young and old. Rose Valley Farm. Atlanta, Ga -8-3 COON AND FOX hounds, full blood, red bone; two years old; three packs will be sold for the next five davs for half of regular price. J. S. Bobo. Villa Rica (ia 8-6-13 Horses and Carriages. W ANTED—To rent by week, surrey and harness for small horse; must be rea sonable Answer Postoffice Box 1265 Hogs. EOR SALE—Our entire herd of Berkshire hogs cheap for quick sale. Two as fine boars as Georgia af fords. and a lot of tine sows and pigs from 4 weeks old to 10 weeks old. All got to sell at once on account of farm not being large enough and other business. They are all registered, and a fine type. Satisfaction guaran teed on every hog that we sell. M. I). Martin, Carters ville. Ga. 8-10-44 Cows. WILL BUY a good cow. H. M. Phone 4157. 59-8-10 It's like getting money from home, for It’s money easily made ny reading, using and answering the Want Ads in The Georgian. Few people realize the many opportunities offered them among the small ads It's a good sign that IT the peo ple did not get results from the Want Ads of The Georgian that there would not be so many of them If. for nothing else, sit down and check off the ads that appeal to you. You will be astonished how many of them mean money to you. The Want Ad pages are bargain counters In every line. The ads are so conveniently arranged that they can be picked out very easy.