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\ * Copyright. 1913, by the J*tar Company. Great Britain Rights Reserved. ALL OVER Just WHY YOU ARE Getting BALD Bv Prof. W. PEABODY BARTLETT. O N many large plain* you will find spot* where tn* grass doe* not (crow. Plant these place* to gra*B. put in Irrigating canal* and your barren spot* will become covered with graiw. Aa long a* your Irrigating canal* work properly and a etifflclen supply of water reacheB the once barren spot*, the grant will continue to grow. < Now cut out your supply of water In the canal* and Bee what happen* The grant* will cease growing. It will turn brown, and next season no more gras* will grow, while the old grass will hive been worn away, trodden down, blown off and disappeared. The spot once green with a luxuriant growth of grass has become "bald." You have a good head of hair. This Is because the blood supply at the roots of the hair la plentiful. Now THE SCALP NEEDS Blood IRRIGATION, Just as a Field Needs Water Irrigation wear continually a tight hat that binds the tiny arteries and does not allow the blood to reach the hair roots, and wherever this happens the hair will be gin to come out. Unless this is promptly relieved no more hair will grow. Again, your advancing a^e may be responsible for an Impoverished condition of the blood, and for a hard ening of those very minute arteries in the scalp. The same result follows, baldnees. Your head needs Irri gating about the hair root# as the barren prairie needs Irrigating about the graae roots. It has been said that there are germs that cause baldness. This microbe of baldness has I teen discov ered, but along with this discovery has come another discovery to the effect that It Isn’t the microbes that rouse baldness, but baldness that causes the microbe. This microbe la found on bald heads because K lives where hair cannot live. Yet this microbe le no more to be blamed for bald ness than weeds growing rank on an abandoned farm are to be blamed for the poor condition of the land. Both baldness and hardening oi the arteries result from the same cause. The scalp Is nourished by means of blood Irrigation from many groupa of arteries. Bach one of theae carries the needed nourishment to a little group of hair roots. If your hat or any head covering so compresses these arteries that the blood cannot A and B—Where Baldness Begins. C —Hew Hats Bind the Head.. D, E and F—-Ends nf Tiny Arteries Where the Blond Supply Is First Stopped by tm.un roach the hair roots, baldness begins. The hair falls out only whqre it dies out. A healthy hair will not fall out. The first hair to die out is that at the ends of these irrigating arteries. This is quite natural, since the blood reaches these ends of arteries last A* these terminal spots are over the temples and on the back of the head, baldness naturally first begins In those places. Our scalpe are really advance guards of our systems, and the flrat to give warning of impoverished blood cir culation. Since hair pas put upon our heads for the protection of our scalp, it Is wrong to crop it or shave It or even put strong washing solutions in the hair that take away the oily substances that furnish the life of the hair Itself. All this will help to bring baldness. If yoa keep the hair so thoroughly scrubbed with alkaline sub stances as to keep the oil washed out, your baldness will come on much more quickly. Cold water Is not natural, and has a tendency to do harm to the hair and the whole system if too frequently applied. Sick people should never have their hair shaved from their heads If it la a possible thing to avoid It, because a convalescent needa the protection to his scalp. If your hair is beginning to fall out, your chief care should be to increase the blood supply; do not bind the scalp with stiff hats. Take exercise and get In the open air and consult a reliable physician as to the beat means of improving the quantity and quality of your blood. This will stave off baldness to a remarkable degree. When your brush and comb bring out quantities of hair it is because the hair is dead and ready to fall out. Hair that falls out naturally will be replaced with strong hair, otherwise the hair that comes out will not be replaced at all, or else weaker hair will take it3 place, which will soon die and fall out, and no more will grow there. Baldness and gray hair are quite different matters. The normal color of your hair depends upon the color ing of pigments deposited in the channels that supply the nourishment. Man’s hair will whiten where the skin is irritated, subjected to pressure or kept wet, aside from turning white through the advancing years, when the supply of coloring matter is lessened or en tirely cut off. Oily fluids are a natural nourishment for the hair. It has been said that ordinary vaseline is one of the best hair-growers known. Some people have even massaged the scalp with beef marrow with good results. That oil Is the natural food of the hair Is ahown in the manner in which the hair bathes in the oily fluid held in the terminal cup of the Bebaceous glands before it springs forth from the follicle. This bnth, which each hair undergoes before it springs forth, strengthens the pigments, tones the color and renders the hair fit to cope with the destructive action of atmonphsric heat and cold. Some NEW THINGS Found Out ABOUT SUNBURN By Dr. L. K. HIRSHBERG. S OME recent experiments made In Algiers, coupled with experiments made in this country last sea son, concerning the action of the sun on the human skin, together with preventives and remedies for these burns, have brought to light considerable that is new and Interesting concerning sunburn under various con ditions. The recent experiments in Algiers were made by Surgeon-Major Nuramond de I-aroguetle, of the French Army, and he waw awarded a medical prize by the government for his successful work along these lines. It 1ms long been known that the sun's rays set up va rious reactions in the skin, according to the quality, the Intensity and the duration of your exposure to the sun. The results of slrong sunshine, and experiments Oj tIn* sun’s effects on areas of skin of various parts of the body exposed to the o|>en air or behind glass screens differ with people according to their com plexions, their general health and their skin. In the open.air—In man—exposure of from thirty to forty minutes to the sun at Atlantic City gave rise to slight flashy redness, accompanied by a little swenting. This redness made Its appearance after fifteen to twenty minutes' exposure, and aoon subsided. It only occurs when the temperature exceeds ninety degrees. It Is a redness which appears to bo due quite as much to con tact with heated air as to the direct action of the heat rays of the gun. Toward the second hour after exposure a secondary redness began to make its appearance which underwent gradual development during the remainder of the day; already well marked by the fourth hour, it reached Us maximum toward the twelfth hour. At this .-'lage the hue was uniformly bright red. but pressure with the finger drove the blood out of the dilated veins and capillaries, leaving a white mark. Twenty-tour hours later this was no longer the case; there was more or less discoloration under the skin, with red spots about the color of wine dregs. In the course of the next four days this discoloration became much darker, and each succeeding day for three weeks the skin became browner and browner. The skins that were most red at first were the ones that aftrward became the darkest. This dark color peristsed for a variable lapse of time, from several weeks to several months, according to the severity and the number of exposures to sunlight. It then faded-and slowly disappeared. In a series of experiments parts of skin were ex posed to the sun after being variously tinted with water colors: violet, blue, green, red, black and brown, the colors being well marked and of medium depth, but having no thickness. Under violet and blue the reac tions were approximately as pronounced as in the open air. In the other parts the redness was rather less pro nounced, though still well marked. With the different colors, even under the blue and violet, the redness was very trifling; when the color was dark and thick It formed a protective varnish on the epidermis. Color bands alternately light and dark, with and without thickness, yielded zones of redness, which differ greatly and were well marked or very slight In spite of the artificial coloration of the skin, the redness ran Its course thereafter toward pigmentation much the same as In the open air.- with an intensity proportional to the amount of the rednes. Under window glass the secondary redness is not so great and appears slowly; it requires sittings, lasting at least sixty minutes, In a strong sun to produce slight rednes*. The dark brown color is also much less marked and of shorter duration. Under the different colored glaseee marked dlfferencee were noted; under the yellow, red, blue and violet glasses the primary erythema was about equal to that met with under win dow glass. Under the black or smoked and green glasses it is less marked than under window glass when the latter Is kept at a small distance from the skin, more pronounced on the oontrary when the glass is in contact The final series of tests were made to find a cure or some preventive of sunburn. When water leltept In contact with the skin in a very thin layer, the skin be came sunburned even more quickly than in dry air. Glycerine applied In the same way helped only a little in preventing the sunburn; but olive oil, vaseline, cold cream, wool fat and oils or fats In general all. whether in ointment form or plain, almost entirely prevented any development whatsoever of the redness, the browning, the blisters or any signs of sunburn. The treatment of sunburn then, according to these new discoveries, is not only to anoint your skin with vaseline or olive oil before encountering the sun’s rays, \ but also to use fatty and oily unguents for the relief and ' treatment of sunburn, once it has developed. Car- j bolated vaseline or oil, salicylic acid ointments, cala- \ mine lotion and other such simple remedies should be among the equipment of everyone venturing forth { on a Summer's afternoon or a longer holiday at the ( seashore or the mountain. ) Experiments made on severe sunburn proved of un usual Interest. It was found that tender skin sub- j jected to powerful sun s rays throughout the day and ( repeated one or more days resulted in such burns that , large blisters, as large as quarter and half dollars, J would appear on the skin, while the soreness had the same sensation as would follow on being badly burned ; by hot liquids. / In a party of young fellows starting camping out ! and going about during the day in the hot sun wearing only sleeveless Jerseys, some of them were prepared tor the sunburn by means of rubbing them in carbo- j lateo vaseline. The result was that they had no blist ers, nor even sufficient redness of the skin to make ■ themselves uncomfortable, while the others, who, in the experiment, went about without this on their skins ) were severely sunburned. People with only a couple of weeks' vacation who wish to lay about on the shore or paddle canoes with shoulders and arms bared will save themselves a great deal of suffering with Just such a simple precaution as covering themselves wherever exposed with the vase line. Generally only the Up of the nose really "peels” from sunburn, and by keeping carbolated vaseline on the nose even this disagreeable trouble can be avoided Harvesting the Grain Without Reaping It H AD any one stated only a short while ago that the labor of reaping grain was a waste of time and energy and money be would have been looked upon as a dreamer, a man with an unpractical Im agination, but to-day a Kansas man, Curtis C. Baldwin, claims to have perfected a thresh ing machine which gathers and threshes the grain without the necessity of reaping It. In other words, the grain is secured, cleanly threshed, but the straw is left standing rooted in the field just as it grew. Practical farmers claim many advantages for this method. In the first place it saves a vast amount of labor. The need of reaping the grain, securing it in proper piles to be fed into a thresher and taking away the straw afterward is a great expense. In the second place, It is held to be much better to leave the straw standing in the fields and to plow it back into the sod, where it is worth far more to the farmer as fertilizer for his soil than it would bring if sold merely as straw. Then again, it saves large areas of land that have hitherto been occupied with these gigantic straw piles and also prevents no lit tle losses that have resulted from accidental burning of such piles. The reaper travels through the grain fields “head-first.” That Is, a part of the machinery protrudes like the cow-catcher of a locomoUve, and a draft of air made by a revolving fan draws the heads of the grain into an opening, where a revolv ing sort of paddle wheel or cylinder with teeth removes them. Other mechanism carries the grain through threshing machinery that blows out the chaff and allows the clean grain to fall from a tube into a bag, or even through an extension tube Into a cart. Horses may haul the thresher or motor power may bo adopted where the land Is sufficiently level and smooth to allow it. This Invention does away with the need of a great many farm hands in harvest time, and as such men are always difficult to se cure, It means an advantage to the farmers in a great many ways. Mr. Baldwin, the inventor, claims this non- reaping threshing machine will reduce the cost of harvesting grain from 14 cents to 2 cents a bushel. A reduction that, if all farm ers used it, might help a little in reducing thi, cost of grain from grower straight through to consumer. The machine is made adjustable, so that it may harvest the grain from oats, wheat, rye, barley and the like, and even be adjusted to suit various fields of grain, as some matures with far shorter stalks than others. Once adjusted, the machine will go through a grain field, the inventor claims, and save a much larger per centage of the grain than could be saved by the old method of first-cutting it and putting it in “shocks" or bundles and later tossed into the old-style reaper, as by that rough method much of the ripe grain was shattered and lost in the stubble of the field. After the grain has been harvested with this machine nothing more need be done until ploughing time, when the thor oughly dry stalks, together with their roots, are turned over and buried well under the ground. These, of course, decay and furnish a valuable form of fertilizer for the soil. Being quite dead by the time of the plough ing the roots do not sprout to give trouble, but merely decay. As the land has to be ploughed before planting there is no extra work in this. QUASSIA for the CURE of the DRINK HABIT A LL. sorts of "cures" for the drink habit have been recommended, from the humble meadow herbs to bi-chloride of gold, hut one of the simplest remedies, ac cording to Dr. T. D. CrotherB, of Buffalo, is quassia, that bitterest of drinks. For office or home treatment Dr. Crothers believes it is of the best. "I have found," said Dr. Crothers, "a con centrated solution of quassia to be the most effective of *11 the remedies." He explains that an infusion of quassia should be made and then boiled down once or twice in order to obtain double the strength. It should be given to a drinking man with strict orders to take half an ounce every two hours throughout the day. The drinking man may drink his liquor quite as usual, but under no consideration must he neglect his half ounce of quaBSia every two hours. This remedy is. of course, best for the drink victim who is anxious himself to gain a victory over it. The way this works is that in a short time a form of quassia poisoning comes on. This poisoning does not affect the victim In any way except to make all forms of spirituous liquors intensely disgusting and actually re pelling to him. Ordinarily the result of this is at first sur prise on the part of the drinking man when he discovers that he not only does not like liquor, but that it makee him deathly ill to drink it. Next he la pleased—that Is, pro viding he is anxioua to cure himself—and while the bitter quassia is extremely un pleasant he sticks to it and takes pleasure in drinking it, knowing that a cure is being effected. From a strong dislike of liquor the moment he tries to drink it he begins to dread trying to drink it and finally all de sire to make the attempt haa left him. "Invariably,” says Dr. Crothera, "suoh a drink vlctif who honestly desires to break himself of the habit expresses his deepest gratitude to his physician after he has taken the cure.” ) New Ways to Kill POISON WEEDS; Some New ANTIDOTES ^ ^ A N ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure" la the old adage we all know, and it “ “ works well in case of the slightest chance of ivy poisoning. Some men had been employed to root out poison ivy. They were prepared for the work by swathing their arms and wrists in bandages, and heavy gloves were given them to put on. After rooting out the ivy vines hot water end laundry 3oap were ready for use, in which they first washed very thoroughly their hands and arms, using the water as hot as they could bear, after which they washed their faces and necks, then again their hands, thus washing off any effects of possible ab sorption of liquid front the plants. Not a man was poi soned by his dangerous work. It is held that the contact of poison ivy does not act at once, and if any one feels that they have been too near or touched unknowingly the iry while gathering wild flowers—If they will use this hot water and soap a* soon a* home le reached serious effect may be fore stalled. If the poison has developed In email blisters like water blisters, a free use of household ammonla- olear—will dry up very qulokly, unless It becomes a serious case, where a physician should be called, who will probably prescribe a lotion or wash of lead, to be used externally- only Be very careful not to rub the eyeB with poisoned fingers. Of course, the right thing to do is to advocate the destruction of poison ivy, wherever found—along the road sides and on stone walls especially; in fields, as it is a menace to all passers-by, many being affected In simply passing it, particularly if the wind should hap pen to blow toward the paeser-by over the vine. Garden clubs, village improvement societies, park commissioners in various parts of the States where the vine flourishes triumphant, could easily make a crusade against it this Fall and request owners of property to root it out and diminish the danger. There are several ways of accomplishing this—burn ing in heaps after uprooting, or leaving them to freeze; pouring kerosene over It where it grows on the roots; In small sections, such as private gardens, if one will per sistently cut off the foliage, Its breathing powers will be eliminated and it will die eventually. If one decides to burn the roots and vines care must be taken to avoid breathing the fumes or smoke, standing away from the wind as the fumes are very poisonous to breathe. The poison Ivy, poison sumac, poison dogwood, swamp sumao, all cause irritation of the skin. A satu rated atoohollc solution of lead acetate le considered a specific for these. The bestseason to destroy poison ivy (rhus radicus) is very early in the Spring, just as the leaves develop, or late in the Fall—never when it is in bloom or in it* most vigorous state. Wherever the three-leaved poison ivy grows you will find its companion, the five-leaved Virginia .creeper of* woodbine in the imtnediate neighborhood, which is con sidered the antidote for the poison. In case of poisoning by water hemlock emetics should be used at once or a stomach pump, the feet kept warm and a physician called at once. Belladona is another poisonous vine to be found at tractive in the woods. It has purple, bell-shaped flow ers, rather open, about the size of the harebell found In clusters, and which develop into beautiful green berries, size of a small wild cherry, turning red toward Fall and black when ripe. The taste Is sweet, but the whole plant has a heavy, disagreeable odor. All parts of the plant are poisonous and the root has been mistaken for a parsnip. It is also called the deadly nightshade from Its stupefying effect. For this poison use an emetic and call your doctor. The jimson weed—datum* sarmonlnm with long ornate leaves and large, tubular white flow ers—as well as bittersweet,—salamim dulcamara—are poisonous to eat, although not lrritalng to the skin, and therefore should be avoided where children ate in the party. Why WOMEN Have Been TIMID and CHILDREN LIKE to Play “HIDE AND SEEK” By WILLIAM LEE HOWARD, M.D. I N the paleolithic, or stone age, the people living on the shores of the Baltic and German seas, as well as the peoples in France, are known to have been can nibals In those far off days the races from which we sprang differed but little from the savages of Terra del Fuego a century ago. • These savages lived in clans or communities which preyed upon each other Any one coming Into a clan village from another was considered an enemy, and so treated, for his call was to carry off a woman for a slave or a child for food. At certain times the men of a clan would go to the hunt, remaining away for several days, the women sit ting and watching at the entrances of their cave homes. The children would play outside, ever watchful. Upon spying a stranger the child would run in terror to Its mother, who fled to the uttermost end of the dark cavern. Perhaps a general raid would be made, when mothers and children fled for safety. Frequently most r* all of the women and children would be captured, the returning husbands finding their homes empty of wives and children. The few women who were alert and agile enough to escape never forgot their fright, and this instinct of terror waB born in the future children from generation to generation. These inherited instincts are slowly, very slowly eradicated from the human memory, and can be seen to day In the rush to the mother a child makes upon the approach of a stranger. Perhaps when yon see a pro- uounced evidence of thi* fear In a child and mother, the instinct has come down through thousands of years from a child and mother who had to flee to the woods or to the cover of swamps and remain for weeks or months in awful terror. Perhaps the child was prenatally developed under this time of maternal fright and suffering. Naturally the Instinct of fear of stranger* would be perpetuated, as are most of our Instincts which past conditions of existence developed. We must remember that the state of society in which these occurrences la the Prehistoric Days th* Sava*. Children Learned to Ran and Hide in Their Care Homes Whenever TT>ey Saw an Enemy Approach to Capture or Kill Them. Children of To-day Lore to Play "Hide and Seek” BecauseThey Inherit the Memory of These Prehistoric Dangers would be frequent lasted many thousands of years, and that probably no generation was exempt from this par ticular Influence. The play of young children is almost always some form of mimic warfare. There is the game of "hide and seek. The child hides behind a door or curtain and pretends to fear, and when discovered utters cries of alarm and attempts to flee the stranger who seeks his prey. "Bo-peep” is simply another example of this ancestral trait. When the little child peers around the) corner of a table or bed and suddenly draws back ini hiding, we have a modern illustration of what it had to do thousands of years ago. But this latter game demonstrates the force of in-' herited instincts of a much earlier form of existence. It is the remains of a habit of arboreal ancestors. The table, bed or chair is merely a substitute for a part of the tree trunks behind which the body is supposed to be hidden, while the eyes, and as little else as |K>ssible, are exposed tor a moment to sorutlnlse a possible enemy and then quickly withdraw. f,