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/ \ v 16 n ITEARST’S SUNDAY AMERICAN, ATLANTA, OA , SUNDAY, .71 T NK 1, 1913. "Trouble Spots” in Farming That "Ground , y F armers’ P r of its Greatest Needs of Southern Farming Are to Feed the Soil What Tt Needs, to Use More Machinery, to Grow Horse Power and More Cattle, to Oo-operate in Selling and Borrowing, to Supplant the Ignorance of the Tenant With Brains of the Landowner, to Educate Agricultural Leaders for Every Community, to Instruct the Negro Farmer. By CHARLES A. WHITTLE Georgia State College of Agriculture. T HF> one biggest mistake of the Southern farmer Is single crop ping. When his one crop re quire* clean cultivation, his biggest mistake Is bigger still. For, be It known, the soils of the South are get ting desperately low In organic mat ter. This plight 1s chargeable to the cotton growing habit—a crop that re turns exceedingly little vegetable matter to the soil. Corn Is no bet ter. Nor are potatoes or any other crop that requires clean cultivation. The South Is awaking to the neces sity of diversifying agriculture but the sollw-wlll not be Improved and the adverse tide turned hack until there is intelligent system of crop rota tion. A ahtbboWh has been cried in the South* "Rais# on the farm what the farmer needs." It Is fine. It is ttye way to unshackle. But while raising what the farmer needs, care must be taken to raise what the soil needs else both may fail to be supplied. Thus soil feeding is the big lasue for the Southern farmer. His fail ure In this respect is his worst. No Economy Without Machinery. The census says that the average valne of machinery on the Georgia farm la $72. All that resembles ma chinery where the ignorant tenant holds sway, is a one-horse plow, a one-horse wagon and a hoe or two. Whereas, to till the average farm which is 92 acmes in Georgia, would require about $500, to get efficiency and economy. The larger the farm the more economical the use of farm machinery becomes. The increasing scarcity of labor would make it necessary to purchase labor saving farm machinery’, even if economy of production did not war rant it. When a cultivator or harrow will do the work three or four times as quickly, therefore more cheaply, and do the work ranch better, why should a farmer follow all day long behind a single plow stirring only a bit of a furrow with each passaire across the field of oorn or cotton? What a de pressing waste of human energy! And 1t Is a blushing shame that there are great territorlm each as big as a county; where ons will not And a cultivator or a harrow. Yet with the awaking to new things, the Routh is rapidly becoming a fine market for harrows, cultivators and other labor saving and better cultivating machin ery'. Where one farmer ventures to try a cultivator, a harrow, a weeder or some such implement, the virus q/ progress takes and as soon as the surrounding fanners can rake togeth er the price, they too become custo mers or the machinery manufacturer. A few' million dollars Invested 1n farm machinery’ would do wonders for agriculture In the South. Power in the South Too Expensive. The cost of farms power in the South la unnecessarily expensive by reason of the fact that so very few horses or mules are raised and prac tically all that are needed are bought at heavy expense from other section! of the country. The purchase coat of horses and mules can be almost completely eliminated from the Southern farmers' expense account by raising colts. It can he done. It is being done. A grade Percheron mare costing less than a mule, c&.n do the work of the mule, foal a colt that in 6 months will be worth $150 or more. It not only can be done but has been done. Thus Instead of paying out large rums of money' for Western mules, the Southern farmer can raise on his own farm all of his work stock and some to sell. The cost of farm power is then reduced to a minimum and the profit side of the farming account Is increased. In this respect, as in others, there is a breaking up of old-time ways, and It is becoming quite the usual thing in the South to hear talk of a company of farmers banding together to purchase a Percheron stallion to breed with native mares and produce good types of farm draught stock. It can be easily predicted that within the next five years there will be tremendous revolution in respect to raising colts in th# Southern States How’ much there Is to be done be fore the horse-power revolution Is complete can be gathered from the recent census. Take Georgia for an Instance. It has been figured out from statistics on horses in Georgia that only one farmer in every’ hun dred is averaging a colt. At this rate every’ farmer that has a colt for male will have ninety-nine buyers among his neighbors. At present, according to census figures, Georgia is spending right around $1,000,000 a month, or $12,000,000 a year for horses and mules, spending It with the stock grower in other States, Isn’t it a shame to throw away so much good Georgia money when it is easy’ enough not to? Live Stock the Soil Builders. * In view of Ike grow ing deficiency of humus or organic matter in Southern soils and the necessity for crop rota tion. the question of how best to con serve the vegetable matter of the soil and return it to the land for fertility’ Is important. Here one confronts another t.erious failure of the South ern farmer and that is general neglect of growing live stock. Via live stock the soil can be most successfully and economically enriched. - The one dictutn of the modern Southern farmer should be “Selling nothing off of the farm which can be fed on it.” This is a sure policy of keeping soil fertility close home and In reach. If no real profit were made in feeding cattle for the mar ket, their contribution to soil fertil ity, would make it well worth while to feed them. But there Is no rea- -on why cattle which can graze nine months in the year, cannot, be fed with cotton seed meal, silage and pea- ne hay and perimps a little coin. ' raised on the home farm, and pro duce beef in competition with any art of the United States, consider ing that the Southern farmer can find his market close home. But the silo is a rare piece of farm architecture on the Southern farm, fend a part of the mistake of not rais ing beef cattle, or failure when it is attempted, will be more than likely Attributable to a lack of the ilio— the greatest waste saver ever asso ciated with cattle raising. The silo does not exist near as abundantly as the number of cattle grown in the South would warrant. The South has not taken up the silo seriously because it has not yet taken up cat tle raising very seriously. Lets Somebody Else Take His Money. Everybody makes more money off of the farm than the farmer. Take a carload of watermelon®—Georgia melons if you please. This is who gets the money Received by farmer, $52, 8.23 per * ^Meting agriculture I 11'Otr r l hftV mini/ V.11 cent. wash. The brains have moved tn large flocculuent masses to adorn our flourishing cities. The land of our fathers has been too largely commit ted to the hired man. his one mule, ten hounds and desolation. Just 191,000 of the 291,000 farms of Geor gia, for Instance, are operated by tenants. While the farm owners in creased 10,000 during the last decade, the tenants swarmed 56,000 stronger. "Whoa!" to this. One step forward isn’t much when five are taken back ward. Considerable Georgia cattle are af flicted with ticks. Our absent land lords are elegant people but they are in the same give nothing way. They suck but Received by buyer, »240, 38.09 per bax ' k Oh yes, ,here *" a sentiment 1 evolved. The land has been In the cent. Received by railroad, *78. 11.91 per 1 f nmlly * l , n,e ,he day8 of ,, thp ‘Town i i i l t O/i n t i m on t dnn*1 f oefri 1 i wa c.ntt ,.n cent. Commissions of other agents, $263, 41.67 per c«nt Paid by consumer, $630, 100 per cent. But 1t Is not quite such a skin game when the farm, products aa a whole are considered. The distribu- but sentiment don’t fertilize cotton and com, it does not build terraces, rotate crops, raise cattle and restore lost strength to the soil. Our sentimental absent landlords should either restore the lost brains to the soil and give them place along with their affections or else sell to tlon of returns from the farm crops I i'J r 2 lc L« s J w , n * to on of 1911 whs as follows w Bh his brains Receivedby farmer. $6,000,000,000, ; Community Needs Educated Farmer. 46.1 per cent. i Those who have been mixing most Legitimate cost of selling, $1,200.- brains with the soils of the South 000,000, 9.2 per cent. tmve been doing best, in fact, are Received by farmer, $6,000,000,000, j making good. it is inspiring more 3.8 per cent. and more brain investment on farm Dealers’ and retailers’ profits, j lands. It Is the meaning of the thirst $3,745,000,000, 28.9 perfor agricultural education and infor- Waste In selling, $1,500,000,000, 12 , mation. Farming in the South has per cent. j had no other outlook than cotton, Paid by consumer. $13,000,000,000, ! but more and more the South Is got- 100 per cent. I ting other visions and each vision But even to this time it will be seen that more thnn half of th# profit of farming goes to the man outside of the plow handles. When it comes to putting your fingers on the man who is most responsible for th# "high cost,” it will not rest heavily on the farmer. True the farmer would not he requires information. Hence the awakening Interest In agricultural education In the South. The big need of the rural commun ity Is a young man with a diploma from an Agricultural College, whose information, Inspiration, broad out look, leadership, success, will open the eyes of the farm youth to their ashamed to take the money If he homemade opportunities. A southern could get his hands on $11 the con sumer pays. Some few truck far mers' associations right here in Dixi'* are beating the game considerably by robbing the middle man, for which let congratulations only he extended not that the middleman Is very cul pable but Just too much of a luxury sometimes. The way the truckers manage tt, Is to have an agent In the big mar kets who sells for delivery day after to-morrow, who wires his order to Mr. President of the Truckers' Asso ciation. Thereupon the telephone gets busy a few minutes and the members arrant?** to have the tru ■',< on the depot platform at the required hour. Away it goes direct to the re tailer eluding some several hands state that falls to do everything In its pow’er to provide agricultural ed ucation, which does not put forth every effort to round up the country youth in a State College of Agricul ture. is looking with too little pur pose to the future upbuilding of the South. With more concern should the South look to establishing a high or der of brain efficiency to solve the complexities of farming, even more than to any other source of natural wealth. Neglecting the Negro Farmer. A very considerable part of the tenant class of the South is the ne gro. In IfUfl areas and »prinkl i i liberally everywhere, the black man which have been wont to digglrlfc into Is doing all the farming. The pros- the proceeds of the farmer’s sweat. I pects are that he will continue to But for the most part the Southern j do a very large part of the farming farmer dances to the tune that emits for years to come. from the little end of the horn, pay- j But this large mass of soil tillers ing for the horn, the wind and the 1 can be likened only to the "Man noise, Pays Considerably For Loans. In another kind way. we farmers are benevolently doable, even more so than the Egyptian Arab. We dig down into our gen ns for $85 t o pay the interest on $1,000—the Arab es capes by paying only $80 out of his capacious bloomers. In France the farmers do not seem to be stock holders in the banks and refuse to pay mot's than $43 for the use of. a thousand dollars worth of francs a year. In Germany they consent to pay $44. To get. a close scrutiny of how European farmers manage the bank ers, how they blackball the commis sion men and how they manage to buy from, the manufacturer direct in other words, how the farmer and consumer have short circuited—is the meaning of that large and pre tentious commission now prying about Europe under the title of "Ru ral Credit Commission of the United States." Of course, everybody knows the why already. It is organization among farmers. But there are lots of interesting and profitable things to be learned in Europe especially by one who is not bothered with footing the hills. Restoration of Brain* Needed. Southern soils have been sadly drained of their fertility and brains. The soil has slipped away with the Latest Skyscraper Is 32 Stories High Professional Building Rises In Man hattan—Twice as High as At lanta’s Tallest Structure. NEW YORK. N. Y.. May 31— An other ta”. building will be added to the skyscrapers of this city, accord ing to plans filed with the Building Department. It will be the Protes- sibnal Building, at the southeast cor ner of Seventy-second Street and West End Avenue. It will rise 465 feet from the curb, and will rank sixth in the list of New York's tali buildings. They are as follows: With the Hoe." His methods are as primitive as the country itself. F* the most part those among them who have been raised up as leaders have “hot footed” to the cities. Only with great rarity and at vast intervals can there he found a negro farmer who is keeping step with farm pro gress. The agricultural revolution has largely revoluted around and on past the. negro farmer, who in his lonely cabin neither reads nor dreams of what ia taking place in the world of agriculture. But the South cannot, afford to be indifferent to the negro farmer, who, though an humble, ignorant man, h yet a wide part of the foundation or which a very great part of the com merdal success of the South must rest. Build him up in agricultural faith and good works and the negro will heave the South to greater commer cial success on his good, broad shoul ders. It is a serious failure of the South that the gospel of improved agricul ture has not been preached to th. negro Too much potential wealth is embodied in the negro farmers and too little efficiency is manifested in developing it, to leave any other than a serious obligation upon the white race to see to it, that the negro knows how to raise more cotton, more corn, more potatoes, more peas, beans, clovers and grass, more cattle Record Realty Deal In McDuffie County P. S. Knox’s 4,000-Acre Farm to Be Subdivided Into Tracts—Settlers l Are Invited. Building Stories. Height. (Feet.) The Wool worth 51 750 Metropolitan Life l\»wer .60 700 Singer Tower .... 41 612 New Municipal 24 560 linkers' Trust . . . .... 39 539 Professional n 465 The building is intended o meet the needs of physicians, dentists, ar chitect*, artists, and other profes sional workers. STEAM SUCCEEDS HORSE IN NORTHWESTERN WOODS REMIDJI. MINN . May 31.-—Steam Mkiddrrs have ended the days of the horse in the lumber woods. The new machine is more powerful, more tractable, its feed is the waste of the land, there is less danger, and it can work summer as well as winter ‘ Skidding’’ is taking the logs from the place where they are cut to the shipping point For many years this has been done with horses. THOMSON. GA., May 31— One of the largest real estate deals ever pull ed off in McDuffie County is being arranged and contemplates the sale of the magnificent 4,000-acre farm of P. S. Knox, in small tracts of from 50 to 75 acres, at public auction. Mr. Knox will still have left as much land* as he is selling, but realizes that smaller farms and more land owners are needed in this county, and takes this step to bring it about. LARGE CONTRACT MADE BY FULLER BUILDERS The George A Fuller Company contractors on the Ponce Del^eon Apartments and VVinecott Hotel jobs in Atlanta is making a record in building construction over the com, try. This concern is also building rious kinds of structures in Boston, Buffalo. Chattanooga, Chicago, De troit, Hot Springs. Kansas City. Lex ington. Knoxville. Milwaukee. Minne apolis Mobile. New York. Philadel phia. Somerville. Spartanburg. Wash ington, White Sulphur Springs. Mon treat, Toronto and Winnipeg. In addition to ihe business of the George A. Fuller Company, i! js stafed the company during the year ha taken quite a substantial interest in irgp railroad construction ooi dragged them over the *?no\\ Th j trai ts, and work an both is now well hardest part «hs rolling them up the under wa'. The amount *»f work in skids onto the cars This operation voiced in these contracts will aggre also is dangerous to man and beast. I gate about $5,744 125. LANDOWNER IS URGED TO GIVE COW TO TENANT J, D. Price, New Commissioner of Agriculture, Thinks Gift Can Be Investment. By Charles A. Whittle. “Make a present of a cow to every farm tenant.’’ Thus J. D. Price, the incom ing Commissioner of Agricul ture, would have it. The landowner is to do the presenting as an investment, if presents can be called invest ments. The new Commissioner of Agriculture for Georgia, who steps into office June 1, is like ly to he dubbed “The Cow Man,” because of his faith in a tenant plus a cow. It is a money-making propo sition to present cows to ten ants in two ways, according to Mr. Price. One is that a $35 gift cow will pay each year about fifl per cent on the in vestment by contributing fer tility to the soil. The other is that which is derived from better health, more labor and grreater efficiency of a tenant who has addpd butter and but termilk to his diet. The conditions of a gift cow, the new commissioner would have, are that the tenant should return to the farm all the fertilizing matter which she produces. Scientific analysis has re vealed that a cow’s contribu tion of fertilizing material is not less than $‘20 per year. No scientific data is available as to how much more and better labor would be obtained from a better nourished and more contented and interested ten ant, but it would not be a wild guess to say that it would amount to more each year than the cost of the cow. Figured conservatively, a cow would yield 100 per cent annually in the hands of a ton- ant, which is pretty good for cows and tenants. Farmer Gives Away $20,000, All He Has Feel* Better After Disposing of Es tate Left by Wife—Her Spirit Told Him To. HAMMOND, IND., May 31.—Leburn Moyer, of Oichess, a middle-aged farmer, to-day gave away all his property, amounting to $20,000, and started to work for a livelihood. Two years ago Moyer’s wife died, leaving the property to him. HO conscience began to trouble him a year ago. until he told his lawyer that he believed his wife’s spirit was urging him to deed the property to her sister, Mary J. Porter. Since the deed was turned over Moyer has experienced a happinesv he had not felt in years. SAYS COTTON"W0ULD - DR0P 2 CENTS UNDER NEW TARIFF AUSTIN, TEXAS. May 31.—Gov- ernor Colquitt is in receipt of a let ter from Governor Hall, of Louisiana, asking for the Texas Executive’s opin ion to the advisability of holding a conference of Southern Governors in Washington in the near future to pro test against those provisions of the Underwood tariff bill which might be regarded as influencing a downward price in cotton. Governor Colquitt has not replied, because he has been unable as yet to secure a copy of the Underwood bill as it passed the House, though he has written for it. Governor Hall sug gests that cotton would lose 2 cents a pound or more and that it might be well to bold such a conference, though he candidU writes the meet ing has been urged by sugar growers in his State. CHICKENS RECRUITED TO ' SAVE FRUIT FROM FROST FINDLAY. OHIO. May 31.—A few more than 200 chickens last night saved the fruit crop of a farmer of Blanchard Township. Learning from the Weather Bureau that frosts might be expected, and knowing that his 800 cherry and apple trees were Just far enough atong to freeze, the hen nery was ransacked. The fowls were carried t< a tree, some of the large trees containing six or eight chick ens. When the trees were examined this morning it was found that the frost had not touche^ any of the blossom.' The warmth of the chickens had saved them Other trees in the neigh borhood were frozen. PnifltfV "-L°°ki n £ in on some of 1 UUlll y the farmers’ poultry houses; Why some of them succeed while others do not. 7 By JUDGE F. J. MARSHALL It is not my intention to belittic the farmer in any way, for he has always been termed the backbone of the country, but at times this back bone needs stiffening in places. We frequently see places where we think it might be bettered to advantage without injuring the structure as a whole. A farmer is one of those in dividuals who gets into a rut where it seems so much easier to pull along in the rut than to make the extra effort to pull out of it. This is the case with f*o many farmers in regard to their poultry, and other things, too, but the poultry is the one we have our eyes upon at this time. Let us tell you at the start, how ever, that our picture does not cover the whole farm landscape, for there are a lot of farmers who have not been In these ruts for years but an* making good money out of poultry and give it due credit for it has has brought to them. For we notice in getting around over the country that there are farmers who have good poultry houses and fixtures, as good as any one need want. Then we find a whole lot of places where the chicken has not a place it can set Its foot and not be considered a nui sance. We might say they have not a. place to lay their eggs, but they ore not bothered much along that line, for it is a matter of getting enough to eat to sustain life, without being clubbed upon all sides. Roosting Places Scarce. It is also a matter of where to find a roosting place out of the rain, without roosting on the young man’s buggy top or the old man’s wagon seat. It is to this class of chicken ow’ners to which we want to talk. Now, dear reader, you may not be the one to whom we should talk, if not, will you please loan your paper to your neighbor who really needs advice. We have talked to them time and again face to face, and we think we know’ about the pitch of their tune. It sounds something like thin: “No, we don’t take stock in the chickens; the old woman fusses with them some, but I have all I can do to look after the work that brings me in something, without tinkering with any pesky chickens that are more bother than they are worth, and always hungry and under foot to be kicked away before I can take a step. I know l would not keep a chicken on the place if the old woman didn't want a few for eggs and the table.” Does not that sound about like the tune many of them give you when you mention thickens to them as be ing a profitable adjunct to other farm products? Of course, we know’ that none of your readers ever talk that way but you may have heard it from some of your neighbors. No doubt they thought they were honest in what they were saying; at least they wanted to believe that it was true. Why? Simply because they did not want to invest in a single dollar in anything for the care of the chickens. Would Pay for House. Th$y did not want to believe that a good but inexpensive roosting house would go a long way toward doubling the egg yield during the winter. They did not want to be lieve that by so housing the hens the manure could be easily saved and in three or four years pay for the house, and at the same time save the boy’s buggy top. temper and a whole lot of other things equally im portant. They did not want to be lieve that the incubator would hatch the chicks so early in the spring as to make a fine lot of early fall laying pullets, to say nothing of the returns from the cockerels marketed as broilers. These things all cost money, there’s the rub! The farmers of this class are all opposed to any new-fangled way of managing the chickens, just as they were opposed to the mowing machine and wheat binder before they were obliged to become acquaint ed with them. They do not like to give up to the ideas w’hich their wives have been advancing about better chickens, bet ter methods, more eggs and better eggs. They are the acknowledged heads of the household and should not be forced to submit to any fool notions that the women folks might study up. Keep up the good work, wives; it may soak in after a w’hile and do some good. But you say it causes more or less friction in the household. Friction because it means more thought and more worry. But what of that. Friction is what has made this old world w’hat it is to-day. Friction produces the elec tric current which causes the hun dreds of electric cars to pass from point to point in all our large cities, and besides seems destined to move the whole world. Friction produces the fine polish upon all kinds of met al; upon fine woodwork. What does it not produce? Some Friction Needed. So It takes a certain amount of friction to get right in the line of producing more and better chickens; more eggs at less expense. Who is it that should not be willing to forego the added friction to both mind and body necessary to effect the change? Farmer**, let us listen to our wives just this one time if at no other on the matter of taking care of our chickens and getting a better class of poultry to care for and which will in turn give us results that we may well be proud of. Let us spend a few of those tight- fisted cotton dollars in building a cheap but comfortable roosting house, and let the hens pay you back ten fold later on, as they will do. Build some colony houses for those young sters to be reared it, letting them oc cupy it through the winter as a lay ing house Get an incubators for your wife if she thinks she w r ants one, and we will predict that it will not be many years until you will be tell ing your neighbors about your chick ens and how much money WE are making out of them. We know a lot of farmers who are making money dut of chickens. They are the converted kind. The kind that know a good thing when they see it coming down the road. In speaking of the young man's prospect for moneymaking on the farm one of these prosperous chicken fanners told me some time ago that the young man should take up poultry raising. A Farmer’s Advice. “It is a mighty good thing to turn to,’’ said he. “I w’ould rather have 1,000 good strain White Leghorn hens than almost anything that I know of. I can take 500 of those hens on five acres and make a living off of them. That is, I could make $1,000 as easy as falling off a log, and not work my self to death, either.” He said he would do it selling his eggs for mar ket purposes, furnished in the finest possible rhape so as to command an advance over the regular market price. But it would not be done with any kind of old hens by any means, for you can never tell what they are going to do for you like you can the flock of thoroughbreds. A real live farmer should take as much Interest in poultry as he does In his cotton. He should read as much about poul try as he does about cotton. If he did the latter he would soon be mak ing more out of the poultry than he would from the cotton. Many Are Getting Rich. Many farmers are making good liv ings out of their poultry. Others are putting money in the bank be side. Then there are the really lucky ones, as people are wont to call them, who are really getting rich at the business. The way is open. What has been done can be done again. Some of them run their place for eggs alone; others for stock and eggs com bined. Then we see great big farms out West covered with fine bronze turkeys. They are money makers. We have seen them raise 50ft of these turkeys, getting $1,600 for them, clearing $1,000. Some run to tur keys and ducks. Wake up, look around you and see what you and your farm and surroundings are best suited for and make up your mind to get it be fore another year rolls around. ALTERATIONS COST $21,000 IN CARNEGIE RESIDENCE NEW YORK, May 31.—Henry D. Whitfield, architect, has filed plans for enlarging the music room in the residence of Andrew Carnegie at 2 East Ninety-first Street, corner of Fifth Avenue, by building a one-story extension 30 feet wide and 7.2 feet deep and also putting in a new mar ble base in the vestibule. The cost will be $21,000. Bumper Crop Is Expected and Labor Supply Is Scarce in Sixty Counties. TOPEKA, May 81.—There will b* no excuse for idleness In Kansas dur* ing the approaching .summer. Re ports to the State Free Employment Bureau from seventy counties, each with a large wheat acreage, indicate that there will be an unprecedented demand for help in harvesting th# wheat crop. April 19 the State Board of Agri culture estimated the total acreage of wheat lively to be cut in the State to be greater by 1,190,000 acres than it was in 1912, with an average con dition 3.38 points better than it was at the same time last year. The State Free Employment Bureau has not received a report from a single county with a large wheat acreage where the condition is below normal at this season. Rains since April 19 make the prospects even better than they were at the time of Secretary Coburn's report, and if.the conditions continue as favorable as they are now the 1913 wheat harvest will be one of the greatest in the history of the State. In sixty of the wheat growing coun ties farm help is now reported to be scarce. In only nineteen counties is it reported to be plentiful. It there fore seems obvious that the harvest will this year demand more men than it did in 1912, when the Employment Bureau issued a call for approxi mately 20,000 men It .s impossible at this time to fix the dates when harvest wiil begin in the various sec tions of the State. In a few reports it is suggested that it will begin from June 15 to 18. Most of the reports indicate t’*<tt ,* will begin a week later in the big wheat counties. How ever there will be a big demand for extra hands to help take care of al falfa early in June and the advance guard of the army of men that Wall be needed to Lake care of the wheat should nave little difficulty in secur ing employment at good wages. Wages for harvest hands will be at least as high as last year. The Em ployment Bureau will oe glad to hoar trom farmers anywhere in the State who will need extra help or from men anywhere in the country who desire to find work in the harvest fields. Nervous Debility Its Symptoms and the Errors in Methods ot Treatment By DR. WM. M. BAIRD ‘HEN I began the practice of medicine, these cases were entirely treated from the sympto matic outlook rather than from any real knowledge of the causes that were underlying the peculiar symptoms from which they suf fered. The consequence was that men would consult a physician for some lowering of'nervous vi tality, elderly men find ing their vital powers slackening perhaps, and the doctor would sim ply prescribe for them from that point of view without ever looking in- t o the causes that brought on the symp toms from which they suffered. The laymen little ap preciate the intricacies of the nervous system, the peculiarities of the nerve elements them selves and indeed it is only during the last ten years that we have had a proper conception of these ele ments, or the minute anatomy of the nervous sys tem. A better knowledge of it has entirely revolu tionized our ideas on the subject, and that during the last couple decades. When I pointed out some two or three years ago in one of my Sunday talks the peculiar pain and dis tress that occurred around the base of the brain, run ning down the neck, due to trouble originating in the prostate glands and it§ annexes, I was laughed at by some doctors. One gentleman met me on the street and said that my idea on the subject was all nonsense, and yet in the last year I have noticed sev eral articles in medical journals that point out the truth of the idea that I then stated. No one realizes excepting he who has been delving in these subjects for years how much an irritated or congested prostate gland, or a chronic seminal vesi culitis due perhaps to some errors in earlier years will keep up the distressing nervous symptoms. So that he that understands his business to-day DR. WM. M. BAIRD, Brown-Randolph Building, 56 Marietta St., Atlanta, Ga. will treat every one of these cases alike. One case may need treatment for the prostate, another case may need treatment for the kidneys or some other trouble. The same way in women. In one case it may be due to ovarian trouble, and in another some other condition, each of which will need separate and distinct treatment, for he who follows out a rou tine treatment or attempts to treat each case alike will certainly meet with failure. The reader will remember that some time ago I published a letter from a gentleman from Stone Mountain who was very materially benefited by treatment by me for bladder trouble, and a little later a gentleman called on me, holding this write up in his hands, saying that his symptoms were identically the same, and he wanted the same treat ment. Now, when I came to go into his case carefully and thoroughly, I found that he needed an entirely different treatment, but while his symptoms were practically the same, yet the causes and the under lying pathological condition were entirely different. So we get back again to the old subject of diagno sis, which after all is the important thing. A new edition of my work on Nerve and Brain ex haustion will soon be out, and I will he pleased to send it to any one who will request it. Those who appreciate honest, conscientious ad vice and counsel, the outcome of over 35 years hard work and steady experience in practice, I will he pleased to see them any time at my office or to hear from them by letter, and if it is anything I can advise through the mail, I will be glad to do so. Office hours, from 9 to 6:30 daily. Sundays and holidays, from 10 to 12. ’WWfW"-