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Copvrlpht. 191S. hv the Stir Company, Great Britain Rieht.s R«aerve4,
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FEED the
CHILDREN
More FRUIT
By GEORGE GOW SCOTT, A.B.. M-D.
T HE eating of fruit and nuts not merely as a relish,
but as a food is highly commendable. Such a
diet is very nutritious. But it is wrong to live
entirely on fruits and vegetables. A diet without meat
is particularly unsuited for the growing child.
Owing to the nutritive value of fruit, to its alkaliniz-
ing, to its diuretic, to its laxative, to its tonic ahd other
effects, I believe fruit should be given more freely to
children as food.
A
To my mind, no other food in its natural state affords
so much pleasure to three out of a child’s five senses
as fruit. The eye is pleased with its varied forms and
colors, and if ripe and luscious it yields a peculiar
charm to the nerves of smell and to a jaded sense of
taste.
Parents tend to give their children too much hot food.
Raw fruit and nuts will help overcome this difficulty.
The sensory nerves of the lips and the nerves of taste
are weakened by hot food. At. the same time the sense
of smell is blunted and the enamel of the teeth is de
stroyed, making them unfit for mastication, so that the
food goes to the stomach unprepared.
The addition of raw' fruit and its juices, together with
cooked fruit to the daily diet, keeps the child in perfect
health and satisfaction wuth the world at large. This is
partly due to the organic salts which arouse the appetite
VALUABLE QUALITIES Which Should Give It a Place in Every Child’s DAILY DIET
and aid digestion by increasing the (low of saliva and
indirectly of the gastric juice. As the fruit reaches the
intestines the acids increase the activity of the chyme,
stimulate the secretions of the liver, of the pancreas,
of the intestinal glands and of the muscles. They
render the blood less alkaline, but never arid, Combin
ing with a portion of the alkaline salts of the serum,
the phosphoric acid increases the phosphates in the
red blood cells. Fruit acids are also of value in anemia,
genera] debility and convalescence from acute illness.
No drug, to my mind, can compare with fruit and its
juices in the cleansing of the intestinal tract of the
products of decomposition and fermentation. Fruit
juices contain purer water than the best spring water.
The American mother gives the child fruit for a pleas
urable purpose and not for food, but it should be eaten
at table and constitute a portion of at least one of the
regular meals. The tonic effects of fruit and their
juices I have repeatedly seen. For the stomachs of
weak children 1 advise cooked fruits. To strong chil
dren I advise unpeeled fruits when possible, as in peel
ing much nutritive value is lost in the skins. The peel
ing of fruits removes the upper layer of the fruit meat
and many of the flavoring substances are lost, as this
part is rich in them. The child should be given well-
ripened fruit. In ripened fruits the Quantity of acid
and of cellulose is lessened. To obtain a sweet fruit
w'ithout much acid it should be allow'ed to hang on
the tree until ripe.
The albuminous products of raw fruits are easily
assimilated in the intestines. Hutchinson reports that-
80 per cent of fruit proteins, 90 per cent of fruit fat and
95 per cent of fruit carbohydrates are absorbed. For
years I have insisted that a part of the, child's diet
should be fruit, raw or cooked. 1 prefer the raw, w'here
nothing prevents. I warn the mother against unripe
fruit or even ripe, fruit taken in too large quantities, on
account of intestinal disorders. Fruit
and fruit juices should be given to
the growing child for the following
reasons:
(11 They are appetizing and pala
table.
(2) They are very refreshing.
(SI On account of their nutritive
values.
(4i On account of their salts.
(5)On account of their diuretic ac
tion
(GiOn account of their laxative ac-
tion
(71 On account of their tonic ac
Mon.
The water contained in the raw
fruit juices of certain or of all fruits
enjoys a particular property or special
vitality—'tang,” ‘‘electrical reaction,” or whatever it
may be called. This peculiar “vitality” simulates that
of a mineral water.
Some suggest that fruits have no nutritive value, but
analysis has proved the high value of apples, cherries,
strawberries, raspberries, huckleberries, gooseberries,
currants, bilberries and peaches.
Apples should be eaten, raw after washing thoroughly.
They contain potash, soda, magnesia and phosphorus.
The natural acid is invaluable for the gums, teeth, stom
ach and intestines, being of a germicidal character A
sweet, pulpy, ripe apple is most easily digested. In
rheumatic or so-called growing pains I have found ap
ples of great benefit.
The banana is excellent if ripened on the plant. It,
has a larger carbohydrate content than the potato.
Bananas may be fried, baked, made into omelets and
used as flour. The flour should be made from the best
quality of ripened fruit and served as a gruel or por-
• ' . • V .
• ;;: ■ v
■ “
.
■‘Fruil gives three of the child’s senses more pleasure than any other food ”
ridge with milk or cream. It is very tempting tc
children.
Grapes are one of the best fruits. They are antiseptic
and disinfectant in their effect upon the intestines.
They arc highly nourishing, two or three pounds daily
making persons fat. They are recommended for all
wasting diseases, especially phthisis. They are valuable,
too, in bronchitis and heart disease. Raisins, or dried
grapes, are very nutritious. Of protein raisins contain,
according to Haig, 8 to 10 grammes to the ounce.
Fresh tigs contain 00 to 70 per cent of sugar, a large
amount of food sails, and 21 per cent of manganese
oxide. The Orientals prize them in diseases of the kid
neys, bladder and in gouty and rheumatic conditions.
Smyrna figs, I think, are easiest to digest and they are
sweet as honey. Dried figs contain too much cellulose
to be easily digested.
Plums and prunes are digested without difficulty
when ripe and lender. Prunes are a great laxative.
Their skins are hard to digest, however, and had best
be removed by soaking.
According to Baliand, dates contain twice as much
phosphoric acid as figs, valuable salts, a large amount
of sugar and carbohydrates. Where children are sus
ceptible to the fermentation of sugar, dates can bo
added instead of sugar in the cooking of food.
Cherries are easily digested if juicy, thin-skinned and
in season. Delicate stomachs cannot, however, digest
the skins. Their juice is delicious and refreshing.
Cherries contain manganese oxide, sugar and the alka
lizing salts of potash, lime, iron and more phosphoric
acid than any other fruit.
Apricots and peaches when ripe are very digestible.
Raw fruit juices often relieve a craving for sweets and
alcohol The juices of the orange and lemon are easily;
assimilated bv even the most irritable stomach.
I consider pineapple juice the best raw fruit juice I
know of on account of its peptogenfc and digestive
properties. Pineapple juice sprayed upon the mucous
membranes cleanses and stimulates them. The sugars
found in this fruit are partly grape and partly levulose,
with some cane sugar. Sprayed upon the mucous mem
brane of the throat it, allays Inflammations and irrita
tion Demon and orange juices are also germicidal and|
antiseptic.
Why Church Bells Are Not Wanted
Only PLAYFUL ANIMALS Can Be TAMED
H ALF a century or even a shorter time
ago the people seemed to have the
idea that churches must have great,
tall spires and a bell. The present day sees
a wonderful change in this respect.
Church steeples and great tall tow'ers are
being discarded ow'ing to a number of reasons.
v Mechanics demand higher wages to work
on such structures, as it is more dangerous
than on the main building.
Material is required that is better than
most structural elements, and it is more diffi-.
cult to put it in place.
Church spires are considered dangerous on
account of wind and lightning.
^ More churches with tali spires have been
struck by lightning than any other type, and
when fire broke out after the stroke the
firemen experienced greater difficulty in
fighting the blaze.
Insurance companies have a higher rate
for structures with such tall spires, and it has
been found more practical to erect church
buildings without such costly and useless
ornaments.
The church steeple always contained a bell.
The church bell is not needed as in former
years. The people know' the time of ser
vices, and the ringing of church bells in both
town and city is fast being done away with
by many congregations.
In former years the tolling of church bells
for funerals was quite common,, but even this
practice is an old one in most places.
The church bell is rapidly disappearing.
N OTHING is more dangerous than dwarfing the
sense of play. You may remove all form of study
from a child with less peri! than you may rob
him of his recreation. The evil of child labor lies not
solely in the keeping of the boy or girl out of school
and the fatigue of an undeveloped body, it lies more in
the confinement which prevents play. A study of the
childhood of animals shows with remarkable clearness
how important is play to their development, and one of
the most significant notes in that study is the evidence
that the domesticabtlity —or the readiness to learn habits
useful to man—of animals is in direct ratio to their
powers of play when young.
The play of animals is of two kinds, motion and ex
periment. Monkeys play “tig” or ”tag" almost as Chil
dren do. and "follow my leader” is a constant game in
their native forests. The wild asses of the Syrian
deserts race with each other, and this with so great an
appearance of definite organization that early travelers
darlared them to be half human. The sham fight is al
most universal in the animal and insect world, and
students of ants have, deserved them as pouring out
of the ant-hill on several occasions, "scrambling,
wrestling, jumping and pretending to fight, like a
crowd of riotous schoolboys at play.” The puppy
chasing his tail and the kitten with a hall of yarn are
common sights. Among sheep and goats, the phrases
the "gambolling lamb” and the “sportive kid” reveal
Iheir playful manners. A calf is an ungainly creature,
but itwill cavort over the pasture in a manner which is
distinctly reminiscent of exuberance of animal spirits.
The cock-of-the-rock and other birds hold dances
regularly, at which the tango is not excluded, though
most of the numbers are solo performances and would
be billed as “eccentric dancing ”
When domesticated animals are considered, the re
lationship between play and submission to taming proc
esses is very marked. The young of the grizzly bear
play little, the grizzly is littfe tamed; the young of the
cinnamon bear play less, the cinnamon bear is never
tamed; the young of the black bear play like kittens,
and the black bear is a constant companion of the hurdy-
gurdy in southern Europe. The young of the baboon do
not play, and no one would suggest a baboon for a pet;
while the young of the macaque monkeys play con
tinuously, aud easily become members of a household.
The dogs and cats generally are playful and, as a race,
are tamable; the thylacine never play, and no one has
attempted to domicile a "Tasmanian devil.” Parrots
are playful, eaglets are not, and the rule thus holds true
in the animal kingdom. Among sea mammals, seals are
very playful, sea lions are not, and one finds seals
among the cleverest performers of the vaudeville stage.
And, of the larger animals, the elephant alone possesses
playful character in youth, and thus while the rhino
ceros and hippopotamus can only be seen from the safe
side of strongly barred cages, the elephant can be uti
lized for a thousand purposes, from that of a derrick
to a nursemaid.
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•NO. 9213.—A SIMPLE, PRACTICAL
DRESS FOR THE LITTLE MISS.
S TRIPED galatea in brown and
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