Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

TTTF AT T ’.VTA f ; FOP Cl T ' * yn xfws. FRANK SPENDS HALF HOUR STUDYING PENCIL FACTORY MODEL Wife and Mother Kiss Prisoner as Trial Opens Upon Its Third Week KERTON MAN WHO TESTIFIES FOR FRANK Continued From Page 1. Those pieces apparently were not masticated at all,” the physician said. “They would have Interfered with di gestion and the passage of food out of the stomach into th<* small intes tine by obstructing the pylorous. They would undoubtedly have kept all of the solid contents in the stomach for some time. “Just from my observation of those pieces of cabbage I would say that they could have been in the girl’s stomach for seven or eight hours be fore passing out.” Attacks Dr. Harris’ Conclusion. He attacked Dr. Harris' conclusions based on the fact that only 32 de grees of acidity were found in the girl’s stomach on the ground tha: there was no way of telling whether the, acidity at the time digestion was stopped was ascending or descending. If it w-ere descending, he said, it would indicate that the-acidity had risen to its maximum point and was on Its downward course, a condition which obtains only when the food has been in the stomach for a considerable pe riod I>r. Harris* theory that no digestion had taken place in the small intes tine he combatted by declaring that the formalin in the emoalming fluid would have destroyed the ferments of tiie pancreatic Juice and would have left no way of telling whether or no; Dr. Harris’ theory was correct. Attorne.y Arnold then propounded i hypothetical question to the witness embracing all of the conditions which were found in the stomach of Mary Phagan and then asked him if he »r any other doctor couid hazard a guess as to how f long the food had been in her body before death. Dr. Bachman replied that it would be impossible. The most important admission that i v Solicitor wrung from the witness was that*, if one didn’t find malose n the stomach, but did find starch t would be probable that digestion ha 1 not progressed very far On the re-direct, Arnold asked the witness: “Do you know of anyone else in the w’orld. except Dr. H. F. Harris, who would venture an opinion of the nature he has given on the data in his possession?" Dr. Bachman said he did not. He added also that the medical profes sion never accepted n pronouncement of this sort unless It was confirmed by other experts. New Theory Sprung. A new and important development in the State’s theory of the murder of Mary Phagan came to light Mon day when Solicitor Dorsey sought to establish that Leo Frank very easily could have compiled Saturday fore noon, instead of Saturday afternoon following the crime, the intricate financial sheet which the defense has introduced Herbert Schiff. assistant superin tendent of the National Pencil Fac tory, already had identified the finan cial sheet as the work of Frank, pre sumably done by the superintendent on Saturday aft<u*noon, as this was his usual time for doing it. Reuben Arnold had displayed the sheet to the Jury and had drawn the Jurors’ attention to the fact that the writing was regular, clear and with out any sign of trembling or nervous ness on the part of the writer. The evident purpose was to show that Frank, after brutally murdering a girl, could not have done all the diffi cult mathematical work without error and without signs of agitation in his writing. The Solicitor, however, started right out on a line of questioning that in dicated his opinion was that Frank had done the work during the morn ing hours instead of after Mary Pha gan had been slain. Time for Makinci Report. Dorsey first asked Schiff. who was recalled to the stand, if it would not. have been possible for Frank to have done the work on the financial she»; between 8:30 and 10:30 o’clock in the forenoon before he went to Montag Bros., and between 11:30 and 12:00 o’clock, after he returned from the Montag plant. Schiff said that there would have been time for the work. Dorsey recalled to the witness’ mind a conversation between Frank and \ E. Ersenbach Friday afternoon, in which Frank said he weft]Id try to get his work in shape in time to go io the baseball game on the following day. It was the implication of the So licitor that Frank had hurried through with his work Saturday morning and, as a matter of fact, had it completed or nearly completed before the after noon. Finishing w’lth this line of ques tioning. the Solicitor began an attack on the time element which the de fense has introduced in the trial Dorsey questioned Schiff at length as to the accuracy of the clock In the office floor, with the apparent inten tion of arguing that when Monteen Stover came into the factory and sa a the clock hands pointing io 12:65 o’clock, the correct time really might have been 12:12 or 12:15 after Man Phagan entered the factory and went to Frank's office. Schiff maintained that the clock always was kept on time by W. and A. yard whistles. Mr*. Frank at Office. On the redirect examination Schiff eaid that the financial sheet always was made up Saturday afternoon, and never in the morning. He said the correspondence and entering and acknowledgment of orders always were taken care of in the forenoon Attorney Arnold also brought out the testimony that Frank's wife fre quently came to the factory Saturday afternoons .to help her husband in stenographic work. Schjtf explained keeping Jim Con ley in rne employ in the factory after di&covering hm unreliability by say* Ing that It was difficult to teach new negroes tne work. He denied that he ever had tried to discharge Conley and that Frank had prevented it. Frank’s Aunt in Court. Mrs. Jacob Selig, aunt of Leo Frank, wa» the third woman visitor of his family to the court Monday morning She had a seat near the prisoner and his mother and wife. Before gourt convened Frank asked permission to examine the paper mod el of the'National Pencil Company that had been offered in evidence by the defense. He spent some 30 min • utes closely examining tills model. Frank was in court early. His wife and mother came in and kissed him, taking seats on either side of him. it was reported around the court room that the jury would be taken visit the National Pencil Company building. Attorney Reuben Arnold for the defense said hat he personally would be very glad for the Jury to make the examination. Solicit or Dor sey said he did not know' whether ne would consent. Just before Schiff was recalled to the stand Mr. Arnold announced that Miss Hattie Hall, stenographer for Montag Brothers, who was at the factory Saturday, April 26, to take some dictation from Frank, probably would be the next witness. Solicitor Dorsey resumed his cross-examina tion of Schiff. Schiff’s “Darta” Puzzles Dorsey. Q. Mr. Schiff, of course you don’t know to your personal knowledge that this finance sheet was made up on Saturday?— A. It couldn't have been made up before. Q. Why?- A. I had not accumu lated the “darta” (data) Friday, as I always did. Q. The what?—A. The data (pro nouncing it as though it w'ere “darta.’’) Mr. Arnold Interrupted: “He means data." Mr. Dorsey mid he didn’t know whether Schiff meant data or some sort of sheet he was accustomed to making out. Q. Couldn’t you take the data gath ered by Mias Eula May Flowers and the others and have gotten up thie sheet?—A. 1 think 1 might have. Frank Not an Expert, He Says. Q. You haven’t made up one since Frank left?—A. No; simply because wo have not had time. Q. Don’t you consider him an ex pert?—A. 1 do not. Q Go ahead and tell me what he v/ould have to know.—A. The slat record. Q. Is that here?—A. No. Q. Can you get me a slat record?— A Tea. Q. Well you get one and bring it back here. Now, is tin* slat record more complicated than this forelady’s report?—A. It is a great long sheet. Dorsey Questions Sharply. Q. Tell me the truth. Is it more complicated?—A. I am telling you tin- truth, Mr. Dorsey. Q. Well, doesn’t he Just take the total from all the reports?—A. No, he has to do some figuring and other work. Q. Well, what else?—A. He has to get the tipping record and several others Q. Do you mean to tell me, then, that the totals in these reports and the body of the report are not the same handwriting?—A. I do, Q. Now this financial sheet? Do you mean to tell ine it is all in the same hand writing ?—A. It certainly is. Q. You are sure of it?—A. Yes. Could Have Done It in Two Hours. Q. Now, entering all these eleven orders and this financial sheet, was that all Frank had to do that Satur day?—A. All 1 can think of. Q. Do you know that it was done Saturday?—A. No, hut it was not done Friday, and he did not work on it then. Q. When did you see this work?—A. Sometime Monday or Tuesday. Q. Now, could Frank have done this work between 8:30 and 10:30 o’clock that morning?—A. Yes. if he was not Interrupted. Q. Well, didn't you tell us Saturday that Frank could do that work in one and cne-half hours?—A. 1 did not. Q. Well, all the work you know that was done there Saturday was the financial sheet and entering those orders 0 - A. So far as 1 Orders in Frank’s Writinfl. Q wen you puiU oil Ajil'n 26?— No. Q. Was Frank?—A. No. Q. Now, are you quite sure Frank entered those orders?—A. They are in his handwriting. Q. Now, it took about two minutes to put down these things and a min ute to add them over?—A. Yes. Q. Will you look there and tell me whether there is an entry on April 26 for $2 advanced Arthur White?— A. It is not on this book, it is on the time book. Q. Who entered it?—A Mr. Frank. Q. Have you got the receipt for $2? —A. 1 can, get it. Q. Who made note of that on the record? A. Mr. Frank did. I entered it on the time book the following week. Mr. Arnold interrupted. “You had better make a note of those various things Mr. Dorsey wants.’’ he said. No Record of Orders. “I know exactly what he wants,” replied Schiff. Dorsey continued the examination. Q Is there any record on this financial sheet of the orders you said came in on Saturday?—A. No. Q. You told Mr. Arnold there was? —A. 1 told him that as a rule there was. Q. But there is no rc ord here?— A I was telling Mr. Arnold what Mr. Frank did on Saturday. Ivion’t see any place on the financial sheet for it. Q Now tell this Jury what there is to show that these orders did not come in before Saturday. April 26.— A They were not there Friday night. I had looked through the files. Q W as there any reason why the sheet had to be at Montag's Monday? ■—A. It was our custom. Q. Mr. Frank was a man who al ways stuck to his business? He would never go away unless his busi ness was up?—A. Yes. kk Mr. Schifi* didn’t you swear ba- W. I). Me Worth, Pinkerton man, who will testify to finding bludgeon and part of a pay envelope behind radiator on first floor of factory. The defense will offer the “finds” to the jury without making any great claims for their importance or genuineness. fore the Coroner that it would take two hours and thirty minutes to get up the data and make up the sheet?— A. I may have misunderstood the question. I say now that ; it would have taken from two and one-half to three hours. Frank Faster Than He Is. Q. If hi had an engagement and wanted to speed up. couldn’t he do it within two and one-half hours?— A. Not and make it look the same. Q. Is Frank a faster man than you? —A. Yes. He is a faster man on a financial sheet. Q. Didn’t you swear before the Coroner that Frank could have gotten the sheet up thirty minutes quicker than you?- A. 1 could not have speci fied any time. 1 have never made up tile sheet. Q. Then you deny this statement before the Coroner?—A. No, I didn't deny It. It is not in my exact lan guage. Q. How long did you say it would take Frank to balance the $60 in petty cash?- A. That is hard to say. I think 1 said before the Coroner that it woud have taken from one to one and one-half hours. Q. How do you remember where you were last Thanksgiving?—A. One tiling I intended to do was to go to Athens to attend a football game. It snowed. The B’Nai Brith had an affair that night. 1 helped Mr. Frank carry some packages there. Q. Do you mean to tell the Jury that you recall every Saturday?—A. I re call that I have never missed a day since my vacation. Tell* of Thanksgiving Day. Q. Do you know what time you left the factory that Thanksgiving Day? — A. Yes; I left with Frank at 12:30. He went home. Q. Do you know whether he went back that afternoon?—A. Yes; a friend who was with him told me where he was. Q. Then from your knowledge you do not know whether he went back or not?—A. No. Q. Now, how do you recall that Hel en Ferguson came there Friday?—A. 1 Just remember it. Q. Well, who else came?—The wit ness enumerated fifteen other em ployees. Q. Can you tell me who came the Saturday before?—A. No; I had an idea in looking up and refreshing my memory as to that day. Q. Now, that sheet had to be made up by Monday. Why was that data not ready Friday night?—A. 1 don’t know. Q. How were the pay envelopes numbered?—A. One to two hundred. Q. Where was the number?—A. That varied. The office boy had no regular place for it. Questioned About Bas«ment. Q. Now. this place where the chute is located is pretty dark, and few l>eople go there?—A. Yes. Q. It is one of the most remote spots in the basement?—A. Yes. Q. This place down there is not used?—A Yes; we put schlich down there to keep it cool. Q. How often do you go down there?-—A. Every two or three days. Q. Now, you saw that place where the blood was?—A. In the metal room? Q. Yes. A.—Yes, I saw It. Q. Did you notice anything about it 7 —A. I: was under something white that looked like a compound. Q. Was it smeared?—A. No, It looked like other spots in the factory. Q. When did you notice the door leading from the chute?—A. I came up there two or three days after the murder, and it was open. Q. You are sure of it?—A. Yes. Never Lost a Day. Q. Now, you told Mr. Arnold that you were at the factory May 31. How do you recall that?—A. For the simple reason that I have never lost a day. Q. Well, did you mean by that that you were there that Saturday after noon after 12:30?—A. Yes. Q. You didn’t consider it losing time, then, if you left Saturday after noon?—A. I certainly did. 1 remained there at work. Q. Then you do say' you were there that Saturday afternoon?—A. Yes. Q. Was that clock always right?— A. Usually it was on time. Q. Who set it?—A. Holloway, I think. Q. Who saw that it was right?—A. I don’t know. Q. How do you set that clock?—A. 1 set it. Holloway sometimes winds it up. Q. Is it correct? Does it ever get fi\e minutes fast?—A. Whenever 1 looked at it it was on time. Q What did you set it by?—A. A watch or whistle. Q. You employ reliable people ai the pencil factory? You don’t keep those who lie and are untrustworthy- —A. Some of them are not. The defense objected to this ques tion and was sustained. Q. When did you discuss the worthlessness of Jim Conley? A A long time a^o. About the first time I ever spoke to him. Q And vou continued to keep him —A. We moved him from the elevator to the fourth floor. Q. Whom did you tell he was worth less?—\ n was talked to me. q. By whom?—A. Schiff named a long list of employees who had com plained about Conley borrowing mon ey and being worthless. Q. Didn’t you complain to Frank about him. and did Frank overrule you ?—A. Mr. Frank is not over me Q. Did you have the authority to fire Jim Conley?—A. 1 did. J Q If he was so worthless, why didn’t you fire him?—A. It was so hard to get a negro who knew any thing about the work. Q. And vou kept him there for two years?—A. He was in the chaingang two or three times. Saw Conley on Chaingang. Q. How do you know?—A. I saw him once working on Forsyth street in front of the factory. Q. You swear that he was on the chaingang two or three times?—A. Women came to me once or twice to get money to pay him out. Q. Out of what?—A. The chaingang or the calaboose. I am not versed in those things. Q. Why did you swear he was on the chaingang three times? Arnold interrupted: "Your honor, I object. He doesn't 'cross-examine a witness. He just quarrels with him. The best evidence of Conley's stock ade career is the record.” Dorsey—I have got the record, and I am going to introduce it. That is why I want to pin this witness down. Judge Roan ruied the witness mus* answer the question, but the witness should not be any more explicit. Knew Conley Could Write. Q. If any of these books got down into the basement, they went into the trash, didn’t they?—A. Yes. Q. Now, these other books?—A. They were kept all over the place. We gave them to the negroes. Q. Just who did you give them to? —A. I gave one to Jim Conley. He wanted to write home. Q. Then you knew' he could write? —A. Yes. Q. Didn’t you knew his home was right here?—A. I did not. Q. What did these negroes do with these pads when you gave them to them?—A. They got on the elevator and went to the basement to write. Q. How did they get light?—A. In front of the boiler. Q Did you ever see Conley there? -A] Ye* Q. Now, Frank was very anxious to have the Pinkertons at work?—A. Yes. Q. When did you report Conley’s strange action to the Pinkertons or the police?—A. I don’t recall. Q. Did you report it to Mr. Frank? He was anxious to have the murderer caught?—A. I think so. Arnold Balk* at Hurrying. Q. Now. w’here would a person have to stand on the fourth floor to see the office floor?—A. He could not. Q. Where were Denham and White on the fourth floor?—A. I was told Q. Then don't bother. Were you at the factory when detectives made certain experiments with the eleva tor?—A. Yes. Arnold then took the witness on tho redirect examination. Judge Roan said: “Hurry up, Mr Arnold.” Rosser spoke up: “Your honor, time should not be considered. A man’s life is at stake.” Judge Roan: “Go ahead.” Q Was tha* sheet usually made up in 'he morning or afternoon?—A Afternoon. Q. Now, is it not a fact that Frank is interrupted almost constantly by salesmen or employees who have some adjustment of their pay envel ope to request?—A. Yes, quite a few interruptions. Q. Do you not change your opinion that it would take one and one-half hours to All out these requisitions and enter the orders?—A. I do not. It would take about that time. Q. When was this made up?—A. In the morning. More About Financial Sheet. Q. Was the financial sheet ever made up in the morning?—A. No. Q. Do you change your opinion that it would take two and one-half to three hours to make up the financial sheet?—A. I do not. Q. What length of time would you say he worked (here Saturday?—A. My original estimate—six hours. Q. Is this financial sheet of April 26 any different from the reports of three months previous?—A. It is not. Q. Mr. Dorsey asked you whether these initials, “H. H.,” of April 26 did not mean the last work that was done on that sheet? That It might have been entered two or three days before? Now, what does it really mean?—A. Nothing, really. Those initials and that date would have been there if it had been entered Satur day, regardless of the date it was acknowledged by Miss Hall. Dorsey Objects to Slur. Q. Now, Mr. Schiff (I am going to call him Mister. I am not as fa miliar with him as Mr. Dorsey seems to be. He calls him “Schiff’ all the time), you say the murder caused you to remember paying off Helen Fer guson on Friday?—I said that. Dorsey objected Judge Roan sustained the objection. Mr. Arnold put the question in a different form, and received the same answer. , Q. Mr. Schiff, this diagram (point ing to the prosecution’s diagram of the factory) does not show the open ings into the Clark wooden ware de partment, does it?—A. It does not. Q. Mr. Schiff, it is rather unpleas ant to fire a negro /md then have to hire a new one and teach him the work, is it?—A. It is. Hooper Interrupted: “Your honor, if he is not leading this witness, 1 do not know what you would call it.” Judge Roan sustained the objection, and Mr. Arnold again changed his question. Didn’t Know of Detectives’ Hunt. Q. Mr. Schiff, you didn’t know the detectives were trying to find out it Conley could write?—A. Not for some time. Q. Mr. Schiff, did Mr. Dorsey sub- pena you to come to his office, and did you know you didn’t have to go? —A. Yes; I was subpenaed—he tele phoned me. Q. Do you know where the sacks in which you keep the cotton were kept? —A. Just outside the metal room. Q. Were there any empty sacks there?—A. I don’t know. We never keep empty ones there except for a fw hours after they are' empty. Dorsey took the witness on the re- cross-examination. Q. Mr. Schiff, you talked to Mr. Arnold about customs up there. Was it Mr. Frank’s custom to make en gagements Friday afternoon for Sat urday afternoon, and neglect his financial sheet?—A. It was not. Arnold interrupted: “We don’t want to argue this point. We just want to be recorded as objecting.” Dorsey was allowed to continue. Q. Was it Mr. Frank’s custom to keep his engagements? Arnold objected: “We must op pose this.” Judge Roan sustained the objec tion. Noted Conley’s Attitude. Q. How long did it take Frank to go from the pencil factory to Mon tag’s?—A. From three to five min utes. Q. How far is it?—A. About two and one-half blocks. Q. What time was it Monday you observed this peculiar bearing of Jirr. Conley?—A. Between 7:30 and 8 o’clock. Q. What time did you go with De tective Starnes to arrest Gantt?—A. Some time late in the day. Q. After you had observed all of the suspicious conduct on the part of Conley you have just been teiling about?—A. I think it was. Q. When you looked at this white stuff and the red spots under it, were all of tho«e blinds on the north s»ae open or closed?—A. Open. Q. If they had been closed it would have been much darker in there, would it not?—A. Yes. Dorsey and Schiff Argue. Mr. Schiff differed with Mr. Dor sey about the location of the ladies' FRANK’S ASSISTANT AT PENCIL FACTORY HERBERT SCHIFF. dressing room on the second floor. After considerable argument, they agreed on the locaton, and the exam- nation continued. ' Q. Is it not true that most of the light that shines on the spot where the blood was comes from the win dows on the north side?—A. No, sir. Q. Would it make any difference whether those Jflinds were closed?—A. Yes; but about as much light comes from the west as from the north side. Arnold took the witness again. Q. Mr. Dorsey has the door to the ladies’ dressing room and the door to the metal room out of position, hasn’t he?—A. No, sir. Q. Did you ever see Mr. Frank talk ing to little Mary Phagan?—A. I never did. Professor Bachman on Stand. Schiff was excused from the wit ness stand and Professor G. Bachman was called as the next witness in re buttal to the expert testimony of Dr. H. F. Harris. Attorney Arnold examined him. Q. What is your occupation?—A. Professor of physiology in the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons. Q. Have you made any study of di gestion.'—A. Yes, I teach It. Q. What time would It take cabbagp to digest?—A. Four and one-half hours to get out of the stomach. Q. What is the time required for biocuit to digest?—A. Not less than three hours. Q. What time would you say a meal of cabbage and bread would take to digest?—A. It would depend on conditions. Q. Is it possible to say how long It would take to digest anything?—A It is not. The failure to masticate would materially retard any digestive process. Might Stay Long in Stomach. Q. Suppose a person had not prop erly masticated cabbage, would the unmasticated portions come in contact w ith the pyloris and keep the rest of the food in the stomach any length of time?—A. Seven to eight hours Q. Suppose a physician made an ex amination of the contents of the stom ach, couid he say how long it had been there?—A. He could only hazard a guess. Q What part of digestion goes on in the stomach.—A. Only about half Q. Look at this cabbage and tell me whether it has been masticated (handing him the specimen of cab bage eaten by Mary Phagan).—A. Hardly at all. Q. How long would it take this to I pass out?—A. It would defend on the acidity. Q. In a dead body, if you find 32 degrees of acidity could you tell whether it was ascending or descend ing?—A. Absolutely not. Q. After a body dies and is thor oughly embalmed, what effect would it have on the pancreatic juices?—A. It would destroy the ferment. Q. Does it affect the hydrochloric acid?—A. No. Q. You investigate and find proba- i bly a drop and a half of hydrochloric i acid. Did you ever hear of a drop j of it?—A. No; it is a eas. Calls Time Estimated Impossible. Q. Investigating this body several days after death, would it have been poMibie Lor anyone to say how long that food had been in the stomach?— A. It would have been absolutely im possible. Dorsey took the witness on cross • examination. Q. Where were you bom?—A. Mul- chausen. Q. French or German?—A. French Q. How long have you been in this country?—A. Since 1903. Q. How long have you been where you are now?—A. Four years. Q. What do you teach?—A. Physi ological chemistry. Q. Are you an expert chemist?—A. I am so fa? as the body is concerned. Q. What is the principal property of wheat bread?—A. Starch. Q. Where does starch digestion be gin?—A. In the mouth. No Such Word, Says Expert. Q. What is amidulin?—A. I never heard the word. Q. What is erythrodextrin (Dorsey spelled the word slowly)?—A. Write it out (Mr. Dorsey wrote both words). There is no such word as the first and the second is a srtage in the di gestion of starch. Solicitor Dorsey launched into technical examination, spelling most of the words. Deputy Plennie Minner had to rap often to hush the laugh ter in the courtroom. Q. With an Ewald test breakfast, how long would it take to get a posi tive starch test?—A. All the time the food i^ in the stomach. Q. Didn’t you know that medical authorities agree that it takes from 30 to 40 minutes to get such a test?— A. There is no authority for such a statement as you put it. Q. Would finding a positive starch test indicate how long the food had been there?—A. It would indicate nothing. Starch is not digested in the stomach. Q Then how are doctors able to prepare tables on the process of di gestion?—A. They can tell from the proteins combined with the hydro chloric acid. Starch does not. There is nothing certain or clear about these matters. I Calls It Only a Hazard. Q. How do medical men agree it takes about four hoars to digest cab bage?—A. That is a hazard. Q. Then, tell me what the average condition would be if you found starch but no maltose in the stomach?—A. I would «iy the food had not been there very long Mr. Rosser interrupted. "I want to say that we are not dealing with an Ewald breakfast. We are dealing with cabbage and bread. We want the young Solicitor to come down to fried cabbage and bread—the matters we are dealing with. Judge Roan ruled that the Solicitor might question the doctor tQ deter mine his scientific knowledge. Q. You never heard of any ona making any experiments with the va rious stages of digestion or have you made any yourself?—A. That'is true. Questioned on Cabbage Specimens. Q. Doctor, take these two samples (handing him Dr. Harris’ vials of cabbage). Assuming that this one has been in a normal stomach one hour, how long would you say this one had been in (the cabbage Mary Phagan ate) had been in a normal?— A. I would say seven or eight hours. Q. Why?—A. Tlie pieces are s«o larg^j they would delay the substances in passing from the stomach into the small intestines. Q. Don’t you know' there have been coins to be known to pass from them? —A. After seven or eight hours. Q. Do v£.u mean to say they s»top up the alimentary canal?—A. No, but they don’t go ir. for several hours. Q. Now, leave out the time required to pass out of the stomach—what would you say?—A. That would de pend on the conditions. Q. Well, supoose that all condition* w'ere the same?—A. I would say that the digestive processes could not reach those larger pieces at all. Refuses to Venture Opinion, Q. Why do you reject the hypo thetical proposition that these two specimens w r ere masticated the same way and that thie specimen was taken way and aht this specimen was taken out in a period of from 45 to 60 min- tes. and how long would you say this one (Mary Phagan’s) had been there? A. I could not say. Q. But if everything were equal— w'e would say?—A. I still could not ■ay. Q. What is the difference between a meal of bread and water and a meal of bread and cabbage? (The physi cian gave a technical discussion of the different properties of the foods). Arnold took up the redirect ex amination. Q. Would you take one man’s w T ord about these tests?—A. No. The medi cal profession never takes one man’s statement unless it is confirmed. Q. Do you know any doctor besides Dr. K. F. Harris who would venture an opinion on how long cabbage had been in a stomach?—A. I do not. Court recessed until 2 o’clock. Dr. Mancock Is Called. Dr. T. H. Hancock, of the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons, was the first witness of thq afternoon session. Before the examination be gan he made a statement to the effect uiai ne had examined Leo Frank and had found him to be a perfectly nor mal man, physically and mentally. Attorney Arnold took up the exam ination. Q. Take a body embalmed eight hours a f ter death and one gallon of embalming fluid containing 8 per cent formaldehyde, the body exhumed eight days after death, a cut one and one-half inches long found behind the ear, no fracture of the skull—could any physician say whether that blow caused unconsciousness?—A. No, the bone might have been fractured and still not produce unconsciousness. Q. How long would it have bled after death?—A. Maybe eight hours. Q. Could any doctor say whether such a blow' produced death or not?— A. No. Q. If it had been a sharp cut, would it have bled more'than otherwise?—A. A live person w’ould bleed more than a corpse. Q. Where is the best evidence of strangulation?—A. I don’t know' from my own knowledge, and the authori- ta s differ. Mr. Arnold explainer the condition of Mary Phagan’s stomach as de scribed by Dr. Harris. Q. Could you give any intelligent idea of how long that cabbage had been in the stomach before death when the analysis was made nine days after burial and after the body had been embalmed with a fluid in which there w r as formaldehyde?—A. I could not. Q. Could anyone?—A. I think not. Q. Why?—A. Because of the varia bility of processes of digestion and the amount of acidity. Tells of Tests With Cabbage. Q. Doctor, where does digestion be gin ?—A. I am not an authority on di gestion, I am just telling you what I know from study. Q. Well. I would rather have the opinion of a man of practical expe rience than an expert.—A. Digestion begins in the mouth. Q. Do you believe that any man by any chemical analysis could give any dependable information on how long this cabbage w’as in the little girls stomach?—A. I do not. Q. Have you made any experiments of the process of digestion on cab bage?—A. Yes; on one man and four women. Dr. Hancock produced the cabbage with which he had experimented. The first sample had a chocolate color. The cabbage was w’ell chew'ed. Q. What is this chocolate color?— A. The young woman said she drank a chocolate milk about three and one-half hours before I gave her the cabbage. Q. And how long was the cabbage in her stomach?—A. Sixty minutes. Q. And here is the chocolate three and one-half hours after being taken? —A. Yes. Q. Now' take this speciment—what Continued on Page 3, Column 7. Weak, Nervous and Diseased Men Permanently Cured $9 WRIGHTSVILLE BEACH and return—Saturday. August 16th—good 15 days. Seaboard. KC ^ DR. J. D. HUGHES is ^ an experienced spe- ciallst. Dr. Hughes successfully treats and permanently cures Premature Weakness, Blood Poison, Kidney, Bladder, Pros- tatlc and Contracted Diseases and all Chronic and Private Diseases cured In [ a few days. Varicocele, Hydrocele, 1 Stricture, Piles and Fistula. I am against nigh and extortionate fees charged by some physicians and spe cialists. You will find my charges very reasonable and no more than you are able to pay for skillful treatment. Consult me in person or by letter and learn the tVuth about your condition, and perhaps save much time, suffer ing and expense. I am a regular graduate and licensed, long estab- j fished, and reliable For 30 days my fee win be Just one- half what other specialists charge, or Weekly or Monthly Payments Ac cepted. FOR BLOOD POISON I use the marvelous GERMAN REMEDY, ‘•606” or "914,’» and such Improved remedies used for the cure of this disease. No detention from work. For Weak Men, Lymph Compound, combined with mv direct treatment, restoring the vital forces to the fullest degree In Chronic Diseases my patients are cured in less time, quickly, and I use the latest improved methods. Consul tation and advice Free. Call or write DR. J. D. HUGHES. Opposite Third Nat’l Bank. 16’ 2 N. Broad SL, Atlanta, Ga. Hour*: 9 a. m. to 7 p. m.; Sundays, 9 to 1.