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EDITORIAL RAGE
The Atlanta Georgian
THE HOME RARER
THE ATLANTA GEORGIAN
Published Every Afternoon Except Sunday
By THE OK"R<; AN COMPANY
At 20 East Alabama Ht Atlanta. Oa
Entered a* aerond-claas matter at postofflct at Atlanta, under art of March 3, 1* 3
Subscription Prica—Delivered by < arrler 10 rents u week By mall, 15.00 a year
Payable In Advance.
The“HoltCaterpillar”--It Is the
Behemoth of These Days.
It Pull* Down Trees, Rips Up Stumps, Drags Ten Plows and Does
the Work ot Forty Hones and Twenty Men.
(Copyright, 1011.)
What this country needs is more food, more farming, more
land cleared for those that want it, and are willing to work it.
There are millions of acres in this country, not merely in the
distant forests, BUT RIGHT AROUND THE BIG CITIES, that
lie wasted because it would cost so much to clear them.
In the old days land could be cleared in the winter time by
labor that asked only enough to eat, for $10 an acre or less.
Later, in the West, Chinese coolies could be hired to clear
land for $25 an acre.
Goats were supposed to do the work partly—but they
DIDN'T doit.
In these days it costs so much to clear land that the average
man who owns the land NOT CLEARED simply sits and looks
at it, never thinking of turning it into fields that will produce
food for the people and profit for the owner.
Nothing more important could be found than a mechanical
method of clearing away trees, stumps, roots, giving to agricul
ture the land that now lies idle, without value as a watershed
factor, useless for timber, NON PRODUCTIVE.
A Flow of Electrons
By EDGAR LUGIEN LARKIN.
Q “WILL you kindly Inform
me which Is the ■mailer,
molecules or electrons ?*’
A. Electrons are the smullest
bodies known, If one can use the
word bodies when speaking of
them. They posset the funda
mental property of all bodies
known, inertia. They are sup
posed to be composed entirely of
electricity; and It la sup
pose^ that nothing else exists.
Could humans force them to lie
in a row—thtm Is ispossible, since
they repel—then a row one Inch
long would contain 12.700,000,-
000,000. An atom of hydrogen,
the lightest known, possesses
about 2,000 times greater Inertia
than that of one electron, and all
molecules still more.
But note this. Professor O. W.
Richardson, l’aimer Physical Lab
oratory, Princeton, N. J., has Just
made a claasic demonstration well
on. In supreme and majestic Im
port. with the ever-memorable
achievement of Millikan, of the
University of Chicago, in his iso
lation and weighing of one elec-
on. Richardson experimented
Tth ft tungsten Incandescent
r
Tog everywhere In advanced lec-
Recently we published an editorial under thii heading:
“Has Anybody Yet Made a Motor to Do Farm Work?’’
We asked these questions:
What man has got a machine that will begin by
rooting up trees, pulling out the stumps?
Then plow up the ground and cut the loose roots
that remain;
Then harrow it;
Then cultivate the crop, whatever it be—fruit trees,
corn or potatoes—and between whiles supply power for
a saw mill or threshing machine?
Let that man come forward.
And we invited manufacturers who might think they had
the machine, important to the public, to make a test and prove
the work of their machine.
Many men apparently THOUGHT they had the machine.
Just exactly ONE man out of the whole lot said that he KNEW
HE HAD THE MACHINE, AND WOULD PUT IT TO WORK,
AND PROVE IT. AND HE IS PROVING IT.
The man with the machine is Holt, of the Holt California
Caterpillar Company.
At Stockton, in California, and at Peoria, Illinois, this
Caterpillar is made.
The machine is a huge gas engine, weighing thousands of
pounds, yet able to travel and work on ground so soft as to
make the use of horses Impossible.
Instead of running on four wheels that would sink into the
soil, it runs on a track of its own—a caterpillar contrivance—the
full length of the engine, a track that moves as the engine moves.
This caterpillar of steel, iron and brass is hooked to huge
trees. The engine moves slowly, there is a grunt and a smash,
and a tree is on the ground, with the roots pulled out.
The steel cable is hooked to big stumps, there comes a chug
ging of the engine, the caterpillar crawls along a few steps, the
root is pulled and lies on the ground.
This giant now being tested at Farmingdale, New Jersey,
promises to do a wonderful and important work for the world.
For the machine that can change scrub oak, burnt over pine
land, WASTE TERRITORY, into fertile fields, and useful val
uable farms, is a great machine indeed.
Tliis same caterpillar pulls ten plows at one time, and turns
over ten furrows, fourteen inches deep. It does the work that
twenty teams of horses would do. And it takes only two men
instead of the twenty men that would be required to drive the
teams.
One man controls the gang of ten plows, another the engine.
Needless to say, this newspaper hasn’t any interest in the
Caterpillar, or any other machine, or in anybody connected with
it. We invited the intelligent manufacturers of the country to
show what they could do in the way of producing a machine that
would increase the farm area. Just one man responded. And
so he gets this free advertisement to whioh he is heartily wel
come.
trie lighting. But the vacuum
made by him was much more
nearly absolute than any in com
mercial lamps. Doubtless he ex
hausted tbe air from within the
bulb to the extreme limit yet at
tained by the most consummate
skill. If any air existed between
the molecules of the tungsten
filament, he removed that also by
means of the cold liquid air and
absorptive carbon.
With this high vacuum sur
rounding tungsten, something new
In science was made possible.
Would that Newton. Gilbert,
Franklin, Faraday could have wit
nessed what followed For when
the electricity was sent through
the thin filament of tungsten of
course, many molecules were lorn
off. but the electrons that poured
Into the vacuum were three times
greater than the mass of the
tungsten evaporated off. Thus
electrons ware actually conveyed
from the outside Into a vacuum.
Mighty fact this: It Is now known
that a current of electricity on
a conductor ts a flow of electrons
No doubt this classic discovery
will greatly enhance all electrical
science and engineering. And now
all af JL e laboratories will hasten
to tepSat the experiment.
The Modern Circe,
The ancient Circe was a beautiful sorceress
. . . . whose charmed cup
Whoever tasted lost his upright shape,
And downward fell into a grovelling swine.
There is nothing beautiful about whiskey, the modern Circe, ami jn u .» men crowd around it, hegdless of the
thousunds before them who have been turned by its evil spell into grovelling swine.
Facts About the Atom We Call Universe
Stars Flying Hundreds of Thousands of Miles Per Hour Like Flying
Electrons in a Molecu!e---May Constitute Real Universe.
By GARRETT P. SERVISS
I HAVE Just received from the
Lick Observatory a bulletin
containing a list of the veloc
ities with which 915 stars, that
have been specially studied, are
flying either toward or away from
the earth.
You would hardly believe that
there are stars which are speed
ing toward us more than two
hundred times faster than the
swiftest bullet or cannon ball that
wr.s ever flred from a gun. and
others which are flytjig away with
equal velocity! Yet such is the
fact.
There 1s a little star in the
Southern Hemisphere that Is ap
proaching the Solar System at the
terrific speed of 150 miles per
second, or 540,000 miles per hour.
There Is another that Is flying
away at the rate of 103 miles per
second, or 370.800 miles per hour.
The first of these stars would
traverse the space between the
earth and the moon in about 26
minutes.
These statements seem prepos
terous. Yet they are undoubtedly
true and accurate. They are based
upon observations with the spec
troscope, which shows the motion
of a star by the shifting one way
or the other of the lines In the
spectrum of its light.
If the star Is approaching the
lines shift toward the blue end of
the spectrum If It is retreating,
they shift toward the red end, and
the amount of the shifting be
trays the speed of the star’s mo
tion. f
When once the observation of
the sh ftlng lines has been care
fully made, the calculation of the
speed is as simple as the rule of
three. The proceedings of the as
tronomer are no more mysterious
than those of the surveyor.
I have chosen some examples
of extreme speed simply because
they are more striking to Vhe
Imagination But I find in the
GARRETT P. SERVISS.
list many stars whose motion to
ward or from us is only a few
miles per second, and one. at
least, which Is moving away at
the rate of but half a mile per
second.
Yet that equals the speed of a
swift projectile The large star
Alpha Cassiopeiae is retreating
les^-than two and a half miles per
second, but the i Cassio
peia* is approvicbJrg with a
speed of sixty miles per second.
It Is not only the stars in this
list that are thus in motion; all
the stars are flying, with similar
velocities, one way or another.
Many are going nearly across our
line of sight, to the right or left,
or up or down. Our own star,
the sun, shares in this universal
stellar dance. It is flying north
ward, carrying the earth with It,
at a speed of about 12 miles per
second.
Since this is the fact, you may
wonder why we do not all notice
the motion of the stars. You
might naturally think that those
which are going crosswise would
rapidly shift their places in the
sky; that those which are ap
proaching would visibly become
brighter, and those which are re
treating fainter.
The reason we do not notice
such changes is twofold. It de
pends, first, upon the fact that all
the stars are so immensely dis
tant that the effect produced upon
their apparent places in the sky
by a motion of several hundred
thousand miles per hour is im
perceptible. even at the end of a
year, except to the most accurate
astronomical instruments. Sec
ondly. it depends upon the ex
treme brevity of our observations.
Just as a million miles are noth
ing in comparison with spaces
trillions of miles across, so a cen
tury is nothing in comparison
with lapses of time millions of
years in length.
That star that I have mention
ed, which is approaching us so
fast that it would come from the
moon to the earth in 26 minutes,
is, nevertheless, so far off in space
that at the end of & year it is not
perceptibly brighter or bie*rer
than at the beginning. But if the
span of & mans life were a rall-
lon years, he might see the star
growing with his growth; faint in
his childhood, ominous with wax
ing splendor in his youth, terrify
ing by its eye-searing magnifi
cence in his manhood, and out-
biazing the sun itself as it swept
close by the solar system in his
declining age.
All this is based upon the as
sumption that the star In ques
tion will continue for a million
years Its course hitherward
through the sea of space. In
truth, however, It is more proba
ble that its course will chafcge.
And so with the motion of all the
other stars.
They appear to travel in
straight lines, but no doubt their
paths are curved, since they must
respond to the varying pull of
gravitation which they exert upon
one another.
Astronomical study Is slowly
bringing to light the law that
governs the flight of the stars,
and the facts thus far learned
appear to show that the universe
with its stars is like an atom
with its revolving corpuscles or
electrons—all in ceaseless motiop
and depending upon the contin
uance and the regularity of that
motion for its existence.
Outside the visible universe we
see only blank space. That means
that our range of vision is con
fined to the limits of the starry
atom that we inhabit—dwelling,
wrapped in our pride, upon one of
the infinitesimal, whirling cor
puscles of which that atom is
composed.
But can anybody believe that
that apparently black space be
yond Is not, In reality, filled with
an infinite multitude of other mo
bile atoms, each of which si mag
nified bv the eyes of its micro cos
mic inhabitants to the sublliM
dimensions of a "universe V* *
DR. PARKHURST
Writes on
The Sulzer Attacks
KJ|
They Are Motived by Tam-
many and Designed to Rol
the Governor of the Populai
Sympathy That Is His.
By
Written for
DR. C. H
T HE situation In the greatest
State in the Union over
the Governorship seems
to demand a frank statement.
Whether the oblique method of
stating the case as practiced by
the majority of New York jour
nals, even those which make
large claim to fairness and in
tegrity of purpose, is due to the
fact that they have not taken
the measure of the situation, or
to the fact that they have not
the courage of their convictions,
or to the fact that they have
been bought up, is a question
that is not germane to our pres
ent purpose to discuss.
Nor am I going to deal with
the charges that have been
brought against Governor Sttl-
zer. I know the man with
some considerable intimacy and
am willing to let him handle
those matters himself when the
time shall come for sifting the
evidence for and against.
Decent Men and Papers
Should Not Try Case
Out of Court.
But there is one thing that
men or newspapers of justice,
r.ot to say of decency, ought to
protest against, and that is, try
ing the case out of court, bring
ing in a verdict and passing sen
tence before the court sits.
The purpose of publishing such
prejudgment is to chill popular
sympathy for the defendant and
thus to force the high court of
impeachment to an adverse ver
dict, knowing that if the senti
ments of the people are made
clamorous for his conviction
their clamor will facilitate ad
verse action by the court.
Nearly a page of one of the
New York City papers was de
voted to defying into the past
history of Governor Sulzer with
no other intent apparently than
to prove to the public that he
was and always had been a
hopeless reprobate.
It was a deliberate and long-
drawn-out scheme to murder a
reputation that had been built
up by many years of distin
guished service, both at Albany
and in Washington.
That newspaper is intelligent
enough to know that popular
sympathy is with Governor Sul
zer, and keen enough to under
stand that something must be
done to destroy that sympathy,
lest it should break down the
courage of such members of the
court of impeachment as would
like to support a verdict of con
viction.
It is sad to see a paper, so dis
tinguished for ability as that
*~aper is, prostitute its powers
to ends so ignoble, so unfair.
The Georgian
PARKHURST
The paper to which I refer is
supposed to be anti-Tammany In
its allegiance, but by the pursuit
of its present policy is playing
directly into the hands of Tam
many.
Its Policy Is Auxiliary to
the Vicious Purpose
of Tammany.
As already said, I do not ex
press any opinion as to whether
the course it is pursuing is mo
tived by a failure to realize that
it is practically making of itself
a Tammany adherent, or mo
tived by fear of Tammany—for
there are a great many news
papers and people that are good
in part, but cowards the rest of
the way—or motived by some re
turn that they expect to receive
from that reprobate organiza
tion.
However that may be, its pol
icy is auxiliary to the vicious
purpose of Tammany and puts
fresh cheer into the heart of its
unjailed leader.
For the people must not forget
io remember that Governor Sul
zer, in the exercise of guberna-
torlal functions, is the only
power that stands between Tam
many and the crib Ailed with mil
lions of dollars of the people’s
money. }
For Tammany is not pursuing
Mr. Sulzer for any crimes that
he has committed, actual or pre
tended; for that institution has
no conscience for crimes, except
when committed by other peo
ple, and not even then unless it
can handle them in a way to
facilitate their own criminality.
They want to prove that Gov
ernor Sulzer has committed
crime in order to have a more
i open field for doing more of the
j same thing themselves.
I A Gang of Hypocrite?
Who Laugh at Their
War on Suker.
The organization is a gang of
shameless hypocrites, and when
they get together by themselves
they laugh among themselves at
the idea of turning heaven and
earth to prove that this man,
Sulzer, has misappropriated
thousands, whereas misappropri
ating millions is their regular
line of business.
And there is nothing that can
gratify them more, or that can
do more to capitalize the hopes
and ambitions of that organized
system of thievery and deviltry
In general, than to have re
spectable men and newspapers
ignore the wholesale villainy
which itself practices, and light
down on the retail peculation (so
claimed) of the man who faces
them with drawn sword at the
, door of the public treasury.
Marston Moor
By REV. THOMAS B. GREGORY.
T HE battle of Marston Moor
was fought 269 years ago—
July 2, 1644.
Marston Moor made Cromwell,
and Cromwell made modern Eng
land, hence the battle is more en
titled to rank among the influen
tial events of history.
The city of York was of su
preme importance in the eye of
the King. “If I lose York, I lose
my crown," said he. And so
Prince Rupert was sent with a
large army to hold the ancient
town.
The battle, some seven miles
out of York, began about 7 o'clock
in the evening. With the furious
energy that dharacterlzed him
Prince Rupert dashed upon the
Parliament's army and complete
ly staggered it. Lord Fairfax
was defeated and in flight. Levin
was paralyzed. Two-thirds of the
old field was won for the King.
But Cromwell was there, away
off to the left, and when he saw
the cavaliers bearing down on the
center his eye blazed, and to his
Ironsides he shouted, “Charge, In
in the name of the Most High!”—
and beneath the clouds, beneath
the storm, beneath the night
heavens he scattered the whole
mass. The victory was complete.
The Royalist Army was broken
and dispersed. Fifteen hundred of
them were made prisoners, with
all their arms and artillery, tents
and wagons, while five thousand
lay dead upon the field. It was the
bloodiest battle of the whole war,
and irretrievably ruined the
King's hopes in the north.
But more Important than the
immediate fruits of the battle is
the fact that it was at Marston
Moor the wonderful military ge-
nius of Oliver Cromwell was first
clearly demonstrated. Marston
Moor was not Oliver’s first battle—
upon two or three fields he had al
ready given a hint of what was in
him—but at Marston Moor it was
proven that he was a scientific
battle-winner a maBter of the art
of war, and that with his Iron
sides he was irresistible.
Henceforth he was to be the
commanding mind of the Revolu
tion, the guiding genius of the
armed force* of the Parliament