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IIEARST’S SUNDAY AMERICAN, ATLANTA OA., SUNDAY, DECEMBER 27. 1914.
RUSSIANS LOSE HAIL
Misfortune Is Important in Country Which Has
Few Highways, But Defenders Can Not Be
Dislodged From Strong Defenses of City.
ba*e point of German operation* In
Poland—the fortress of Thom. The
news confirmed a statement sent from
Petrograd several days ago that the
Invaders In front of Warsaw would
find themselves Imperiled by a Rus
sian army operating In their rear.
The Russian force appears to be
spreading over the German frontier
eouthwestwnrd from Mlawa.
The third movement Is the Russian
advance in East Prussia, which seems
to have taken on fresh vigor In the
last week. It Is reported that the
Russians have been reinforced, par
ticularly in cavalry and artillery, and
are pushing the Germans slowly from
positions between Gumbinnen and
insterburg and south of the Oum-
zinnen-Insterburg Railway. The of
fensive has been maintained in spite
of the extreme pressure in Poland
and the arrival of Austrian reinforce
ments in the south.
Russian* Lose Warsaw Road.
In .Southwestern Poland the Rus
sians appear to have lost control of
the Csenstochowa-Warsaw Railway, a
considerable reverse, since this line
was very Important as a means of
communication in a country where
there are few highroad*, but they
have retreated only to the River Nlda,
according to the Austrian reports,
which say also that the Russians
have been reinforced. Military ex
perts here find that the operations of
Von Hindenburg's main armies before
Warsaw have actually availed little,
since no general retirement of the
Russian line in the north or south
has been forced.
In Western Galicia the advantage
for the moment appears to rest with
the Austrians, and the Russians seem
to have fallen hack to the River Da-
najec, holding Tarnow on the north
and New Sandec on the south. A
violent battle Is continuing on tie
Gower Dunajec. By extreme effort
the Austrians advanced large forces
through the Carpathian passes at 8a-
nok and eastward, but the movement
was anticipated by the Russians, who
sent fresh troops from Lemberg and
engaged the Austrians in the long,
narrow valleys. The result of these
battles is yet in doubt, but the Aus
trians temper the wind with he
statement that strong forces of Rus
sians have appeared in Galicia.
Przem'-'tl Holds Out.
The garrison of Przemsyl. which
has maintained a splendid resistance
for more than four months, the fort
ress standing as an Austrian Island
in a Russian goa, has made several
attempts to break through the Rus
sian investing line and connect with
Austrian reinforcements, but these
sorties have not been successful. The
next week or ao will determine wheth
er or not the Austrians hava the num
bers and resolution to compel an
other Russian withdrawal to the right
hank of the River Sa... Ft. the pres
ent. at least, the Russians have lost
little ground and are gathering new
troops for fresh effort.
Here, as in the north, It Is appar
ent to the military critics that Rus
sia. no matter what the strain or dif
ficulty may be, always finds a suffi
cient number of reserve troops to dll
the gaps In . v-r * Attle line and recoup
past failures.
: Victor Will War on
U. S., Says Army Man-
Refusal to Proteat Against Slaying of
Noncombatants Cost Us English
Friendship, He Asserts.
NEW YORK, Dec. 26—President
Wilson's refusal to protest against
"the barbarian warfare waged by
German troops" has coat the United
States the friendship of England and
made a clash with the winner of the
present European conflict inevitable,
according to Surgeon Major I^ouis L.
Seaman, who returned aboard the St.
Louis yesterday from five months’
service with the Red Cross corps of
the Allies.
"War with an armed European
power is inevitable," said Major Sea
man," and we must Immediately com
mence a policy of armed neutrality or
pay the price in the devastation
the United States and the sacrifice of
millions of American lives. President
Wilson’s complacent military program
is an error of the gravest sort. I
predict that if the Germans win they
will impress their military machine
upon the the defenseless United
states.
"Our failure to protest against the
massacre of noncombatants by Ger
man troops has cost us the friend
ship of England. Talks with prom
inent men in London and Paris show
America can expect little courtesy
from the victorious Allies. ’Peanut
politics’ Is applied to the attitude of
the United States abroad. Half a mil
lion trained men are needed to pre
serve this country from a horrible
catastrophe. We are practically de
fenseless against attack by a first-
class power."
KIPLING SEES CLERK!; OP
LONDON BEI
Men of All Occupations Made Into Crack Bat
teries by Drill on Grounds of a Fine Old Es
tate—High-Paid Chauffeurs Grovel in Mud.
More Sea Raids on English
Towns to Follow Rapidly
COPENHAGEN. Dec. 26 (DUpatcfc
to The London Daily Mall.)—Prom
Hamburg comes the report that In
German naval circles the situation la
discussed as follows:
Marine officers regard the plan of
(he German army to force Its way to
Calais as definitely stranded, but, on
the other hand, they point out that
Ostend, Zeebrugge and other porta on
thy Belgian coast are In German pos
session and an attack on England can
very well be atarted from these
places.
There will be only short Intervals
between raids like that of last Wed
nesday If circumstances allow There
is no fixed scheme for the expeditions,
because they are very difficult, es
pecially during the winter. The sky
may be clear at Heligoland, but It may
be very foggy along the shores of
England, or there may be great fog-
banks In the south of England and
perhaps not near Scotland. Naval cap
tains are all supplied with a long list
of (oast towns with all the particu
lars known through spies In England.
Though the Germans regard them
selves os entitled to bombard open
towns, there has been some disagree
ment In the German navy about this
question. Several naval officers not
of Prussian extraction have declared
that it was against their sense of
honor to shell unfortified towns, but
the Admiralty, in concert with the
Kalaer, has maintained that open sea
ports also shall he bombarded.
Destroyers will always, If possible,
be accompanied by submarines Last
Wednesday there were several sub
marines with the destroyers, but the
German navy does not wish that to
be commonly known.
The main purpose of the raids Is to
cause panic in England. The masses
of the German people enjoy such ex
ploits of vengeance, which, though of
no real profit to themselves, are re
garded as victories. It Is the Kaiser's
desire to encourage such feelings, to
revive the spirits of the people.
Eye- Witness Describes How
Germans Used Grenades
BERLIN, Dec. 26.—According: to
the British official account* of the
fighting in Flanders, there is one
German weapon which is doing: more
damage in the ranks than even the
shells of the 17-inch guns. This is
the hand grenade, which is being used
for the first time in modern warfare.
Dr. Munzlenger, who was present at
the attack on Vaiily, has written a
vivid account of the method of de
livering the grenades.
"We all creep, leap and wriggle for
ward," he says, "while the shot* are
w’hlstling pitilessly around us and we
begin to hear the cries of the wounded
who must be left where they fall, still
exposed to the enemy’s fire. We can
not spot where the withering fire
comes from, and that i* the most hor
rible feeling of all. At last 1 see a
thin spiral of smoke coming from
what is apparently a stack of wood on
our left. That is where the scoundrels
arc*.
"A machin* gun trots up. ‘There,
there, the woodstack,* I shout, but be
fore they can take aim, both drivers
have fallen. The gun lies between us
and the enemy. Our only chance is
the hand grenades. And ’Hand gre
nades to the left,’ roars down the line.
‘They are coming,' the word is passed
back.
"A great, strapping pioneer creeps
up. I show him the mark. He crawls
a little farther forward, then springs
up, and with a mighty swing hurls his
deadly load. We all press to the
ground, our noses almost in the earth
—two. three seconds of deadly ten
sion—then a tremendous explosion
and a thick cloud of smoke as high
as a house. When it has cleared off
we see red trouser* fleeing before us
Into the thick undergrowth, and al
most with a bound we are in the ene
my’s trenches. Not a single one of
those trenchmen escaped u*."
Dr. Carrel Grafts
New Arm on General
Take* Limb From a Dangerously
Wounded Private and Fixes it
to Maimed Commander.
By C. F. BERTELLI.
Special Cable to The American.
PARIS. Dec. 26.—Dr. Alexis Carrel,
of tne Rockefeller Institute, has Just
Mtcce* rafted a left arm on
General Trumelet Faber, whose own
arm had been torn off by a shell in
Belgium. The grafted arm was am
putated from a dangerously wounded
private about the same size a* the
general.
This operation ia the culmination of
year* of experiment on the part of
Dr. Carrel, and has more than once
been predicted by him From time
to time the public has been told of
his wonderful work with the organs
of cat* and dogs, and the marvelous
insight he has gained into the work
ings of the body.
"That can be done Juat as readily
on a human being," said Dr. Carrel
calmly last April, when, before a clin
ic in New York, he sewed & patch on
the heart of a deg.
At other time* U was announced
that he had taken a leg off a dog.
sewed on the leg taken frorg another
dog. and the animal got well and
used the new leg as well a* he ever
had used the old.
"That could be done with a man.”
he said.
Dr. Carrel has taken the lungs,
heart, stomach and kidney* from one
animal and placed them id another—
which lived.
He has taken all these various or
gan*. including many of the glands,
from animals and kept them alive in
'‘his laboratory, the heart beatine the
Htomach digesting, the kidneys func
tioning a* in life.
But this substitution of arms on a
living man is the first operation of its
kind in the history of the world.
By RUDYARD KIPLING.
Third of a Seriea on the New British Army. Copyright, 1914, by Rudyard
Kipling. All Right! Reserved.
LONDON, Dec. 18.—One had known the place for years as a
picturesque old house standing in a peaceful park; had watched
the growth of certain young oaks along a new-laid avenue, and ap
plauded the owner’s enterprise in turning a stretch of pasture to
plow. There are scores of such estates in England which the
motorist, through passing so often, comes to'look upon almost as
his own.
In a single day the brackened turf between the oaks and the
iron road-f<*nee blossomed into tents, and the drives were all cut
up with hoofs and wheels. A little later one’s car, sweeping home of
warm September nights, was stopped by sentries who asked her
name and business; for the owner of
Watson Addresses
Sonnet to America
Tails “Would-be Umpire’’ That Vic
tory Over Germany Must Precede
Peace Parleys.
Special Cable to Tne American.
LONDON, Dec. 26.—The Evening
News printe the following eonnet, en
titled "To a Would-be Umpire," by
William Watson:
Great Perseus babbled not of peace
while free
To rend were still the Gorgon's tal
ons. nor
Did mighty Theseus while the Mino
taur
Took his red toll of white virginity
Crave mediation. Glaucus’ son, when
he
Vanquished the triple-mouthed Chi
mera for
The Lycians, reined not back Ills
furious war
Till he had felled the monster's fore
heads three.
Nor shall St. George of England stay
his spear
In parley while yon ravening shape
accurst
Ramps over life and treads down
arts and laws.
To you far westward we will give an
ear
Where sage and safe you sit; but how
we first
The dragon's teeth out of the drag
on’s Jaws.
that retired house and discreetly
wooded park had gone elsewhere In
haste, and his house and lands were
taken over by the military.*
Then one met men and horses argu
ing with each other for miles about
that countryside; or the car would be
flung on her brakes by artillery Issu
ing from cross lanes—clean batteries
Jingling off to their work on the
downs and hungry ones coming hack
to meals. Every day brought the
men and the horses and the weights
behind them to a better understand
ing, till In a little while the car could
pass a quarter of a mile of them
without having to hoot more than
once.
"Why are you so virtuous?" she
asked of a section encountered at a
blind and brambly corner. "Why do
you obtrude your personality less
than an average tax-cart?"
Their “Blessed Orders.”
"Because," said a driver, his arm
flung up to keep the untrlmmed hedge
from sweeping his cap off—“because
those are our blessed orders. We
don't do it for love."
No one accuses the gunner of
maudlin affection for anything except
his beasts and his weapons. He
hasn’t the time. He serves at least
three Jealous gods—his horse and all
its saddlery and harness; his gun.
whose least detail of efficiency is
more Important than men’s lives;
and, when these have been attended
to, the never-ending mystery of his
art commands him.
It was a wettlsh windy day when
I visited the so-long-known house
and park. Cock pheasants ducked
In and out of trim rhododendron
clumps; neat gates opened Into
sacredly preserved vegetable gardens,
the many-colored leaves of specimen
trees pasted themselves stickily
against sodden tent walls; and there
was a mixture of circus smells from
the horse lines, and the faint civil
ized breaths of chrysanthemums In
the potting sheds. The main drive
was being relaid with a foot of flint;
the other approaches were churned
and pitted under the gun wheels and
heavy supply wagons. Great breadths
of what had been well-kept turf be
tween unbrowsed trees were blanks of
slippery brown wetness, dotted with
picketed horses and field kitchens.
It was air a cra.zy mixture of stark
necessity and manicured luxury,
cheek by Jowl In the undiscriminating
rain.
8ervice Conditions.
The cook houses storerooms, forges
and workshops were collections of
tiles, poles, fickcloths and odd lum
ber. beavered together as on service.
The officers’ mess was a thin, soaked
marquee.
Less than a hundred vards away
weri dozens of vacant, well furnished
rooms In the big brick house of which
the stafT furtively occupied one cor
ner. There was accommodation for
very many of the men In its stables
and outhouses alone, or the whole
building might have been gutted and
rearranged for barracks twice over In
the last three months.
Carpenters Won’t Work in
Rain, but Artillery Must
U. of Pa. Student in
German Army Slain
PHILADELPHIA. Deo. 21— A letter
Just received by one of the classmen at
the University of Pennsylvania discloses
the fact that F. VV. Soltarlg, a member
of the dentistry 1914 class, was killed
In the battle Of Rheims while serving
with his regiment in the German army.
Solbrig was graduated from the Uni
versity of Leipzig in 1913 and entered
the senior class at the University of
Pennsylvania last year. While at tho
university he wan a member of the Eu
ropean Club, and was prominent in the
club’s activities. When the war broke
out he whs in Pails and experienced
considerable difficulty in getting away
safely.
War Brings Business
To Factories in U, S,
German Spy Lost by
Counting in French
Suspect Forctd to Enumerate Guns
and Betrays Himself by His
Teutonic ‘T’ for “v."
CALAIS. Dec. 26.—The commander
of artillery was looking at the array
of gun* newly arrived to combat the
German 17-inch monsters. The battle
for Dixmude was near its climax.
The commander noticed a young
Lieutenant approaching. He saw the
sentry challenge him, saw the lieu
tenant engage in a short discussion,
and finally pass him, and proceed to a
close inspection of the artillery.
Then the commander hailed the lieu
tenant.
"Good-morning." he said. "Good-
morning.” replied the lieutenant.
”^ou are far from your headquar
ters, are you not?" remarked the com
mander.
"But. no," said the lieutenant. "And
besides I wanted to see these new
guns. They will do havoc among the
Germans, my commander."
The commander was silent for a
moment; then he smiled grimly.
"M’seur,” he said slowly, "would
you be so good as count the guns for
me?"
"Certainly, un, deux, trots "
"No, M’seur Premiere, deuxieme,
please; and do It slowly'."
The lieutenant looked uncomforta
ble. but began again. He took pains
to speak correctly He reached 29.
"Fingt-neufleme.” he said.
Down came the commander’s hand
on his shoulder. "The guardroom for
you. M’sieur.” he said, quietly.
To the guardroom the lieutenant
was taken. It was a short court, and
the sentence was swiftly carried out.
The lieutenant confessed to save time,
but he asked the commander to tell
him how he betrayed himself.
"You could not help it." was the
reply. "You said vingt-neuvleme as
all Germans say it. flattening the V to
an F. It has cost you your life."
MORGANTOWN. W. VA., Dec. 26.—
One of the results of the European war
has been a revival of watch crystal
manufacturing here. Watch crystal*
have been made principally In Ger
many.
A company here is now turning out
12.000 crystals a day.
WORCESTER. MASS.. Dec. 26.—Two
plantR of the Reed-Prentice Company,
this city’s largest machine tool manu
facturers. are working overtime on war
orders for SW automatic lathes des
tined for England and France.
The company is employing 200 extra
hands.
Japan to Protest New
California Laws
Special Cable to The American.
TOKIO, Dec. 26.—The Japanese For
eign office is evidently expecting much
anti-Japanese legislation at the next
session of the California Legislature.
Secret agents of the Foreign Office have
followed the recent elections very close
ly, with the result that it has issued a
confidential report to the Japanese
newspapers giving what appears to be
an accurate analysis of the possible
anti-Japanese legislative situation in
California
It is believed here that Japan has
held off protests until the California
elections.
Scattered among the tents were
rows of half-built tin sheds, the ready-
prepared lumber and the corrugated
iron lying beside them, ready to be
pieced together like children’s toys.
But there were no workmen. I was
told that they came at morning, but
had knocked off because it was wet.
"1 see And where are the batter
ies?" I demanded.
"Out at work, of course. They’ve
been out since 7."
"How shocking! In this dreadful
weather, too."
"They took some bread and cheese
with them. They’ll be back about
dinner time if you care to wait. Here’s
one of our field kitchens."
Batteries look after their own
stomachs, and are not catered for by
contractors. The cookhouse was a
wagon-tilt. One thought of the wide,
adequate kitchen ranges and the con
crete passage* of the service quarters
in the big house Just behind. One
even dared to think Teutonlcally of
the perfectly good paneling and the
thick hardwood floors that could
"Service conditions, you see," said
my guide as the cook inspected the
baked meats and the men inside the
wagon-tilt grated the carrots and pre
pared the onions. It was old work to
them after all these months; done
swiftly with the clean economy of
effort that life teaches.
"What are these lad* when they’re
at home?" I inquired.
"Londoners chiefly—all sorts and
conditions."
Work Five Days Weekly.
The cook in his shirt sleeves made
another investigation and sniffed judi
ciously. He might have been cooking
since the Peninsular. He looked at
bis watch and across toward the park
gates. He was responsible for 160 ra
tions. and a battery has the habit of
saying all that it thinks of its food.
‘How often do the batteries go
out?" I continued.
"’Bout five days a week. You see,
we’re being worked up a little."
‘And have they got plenty of ground
to work over?"
"Oh—yes-s."
"What’s the difficulty this time?
Birds?"
‘No. But we got orders the other
day not to go over a golf course. That
rather knocks the bottom out of tac
tical schemes."
Perfect shamelessness, like perfect
virtue, is Impregnable; and. after all,
the lightnings of this w'ar which have
brought out »o much resolve* passion
and self-sacrifice must show up equal
ly certain souls and institutions that
are irredeemable.
The weather took off a little before
noon. The carpenters could have put
in a good half-day’s work on the
sheds, and even if they had been rain
ed upon they had roofs with fires
awaiting their return. The batteries
had none of these things.
They came in at last far down the
park, heralded by that unmistakable
half-gTumble, half-grunt of guns on
the move. The picketed horses heard
it first, and one of them neighed long
and loud, which proved that he had
abandoned civilian habits. Horses in
stables and mews seldom do more
than snicker, even when they are
halves of separated pairs. But these
gentlemen had a corporate life of their
own now, and knew what "pulling to
gether" means.
Battery Wheels Its 6 Guns
In Line Like Veteran Troops
St. Johns Sends One
Out of Every 25 Men
ST. JOHNS. N. F., Deo. 26.—From
this city, population 80.000. about 1,250
5 ien have enlisted in the British army
nd navy. This is an average of one
in twenty-five, an average that has
been exceeded only at Liverpool.
The extent of the local enlistment has
been & surprise to the Government, as
there is no militia in Newfoundland.
The ability of St. Johns to out so
large a force in the field is ascribed to
the fact that for twenty years denomi
national schools have maintained boys*
brigades.
Bible To Be Sent to
Each Soldier in War
PITTSBURG, Dec. 26.—Important of
ficers of the International Sunday School
Association and the World's Sunday
School Association have made plans
| which they say will result in sending
a Bible to each soldier in the warring
I armies of Europe.
A. J. Heinz save that an appeal will
be sent to every Sunday school in the
country, each scholar being asked to
contribute five cents he has earned.
I John Wanamaker and others have
guaranteed the distribution of the Bibles
without expense to the contributors.
When a battery comes into camp it
"parks" all six guns at the appointed
place, side by side in one mathemat
ically straight line, and the accuracy
of the alignment is, like ceremonial
drill with the foot, a fair test of its at
tainments. The ground was no treat
for parking. Specimen trees and
draining ditches had to be avoided and
circumvented. The gunners, their
reins, the guns, the ground, were
equally wet, and the slob dropped
away like gruel from the brake shoes.
And they were Londoners—clerks,
mechanics, shop assitsant* and deliv
erymen—anything and everything
that you please. But they were all
home and at home in their saddles and
setts. They said nothing; their offi
cers said little enough to them.
They came in across what once had
been turf; wheeled with tight traces;
halted; unhooked, the wise teams
stumped off to their pickets, and be
hold. the six guns were left precisely
where they should have been left to
the fraction of an inch. You could see
the wind blowing the last few drops
of wet from each leather muzzle cover
ut exactly the same angle. It was all
old known evolutions, taken uncon
sciously in the course of the day’s
work.
"Our men have one advantage.”
said a voice. "As Territorials they
were introduced to unmade horses
once a year at training. So they’ve
never been accustomed to made
horses.”
"And what do the horses say about
it all?" I asked, remembering what I
had seen on the roads in the early
day*.
What the Horses Mean.
"They said a good deal at first, but
our chaps could make allowances for
'em. They know now."
Allah never intended th* gunners
to talk, ^ils own arm does that for
him. Th® batteries off-saddled in si
lence, though one noticed on all sides
little quiet caresses between man and
beast—affectionate muzzling* and
nose slapping*. Surely the Gunner’s
relation to his horse Is more Intimate
even than the cavalryman’s, for a lost
horse only turns cavalry Into infan
try. but trouble in a gun team may
mean death all round. And this is a
Gunner’s war. The young, wet offi
cers said so. Joyously, as they passed
to and fro picking up scandal about
breast-strap* and breechings; exam
ining the collars of ammunition wag
on teams, and listening to remarks
about shoes.
Local blacksmiths, assisted by the
battery itself, do the shoeing. There
are master smiths and important far
rier*, who have cheerfully thrown up
good wages to help the game, and
their horses reward them by keeping
fit. A fair proportion of the horses
are aged—there was never a Gunner
vet satisfied with hl» team or its‘ra
tions till he had left the battery—but
they do their w'ork as steadfastly and
wholeheartedly as the men.
Londoners Kind to cBasts.
I am persuaded they also like being
in society and working out their daily
problems of draught and direction.
The English, too. and Londoners par
ticularly. are the kindest and most
reasonable of folk with animals. If it
were not our business strictly to un
derrate ourselves for the next few
veers, one w'ould say that the Terri
torials’ batteries had already done
wonders, but perhaps it is better to
let it all go with the grudging admis
sion wrung out of a wringing wet
bombardier "TVell, it isn’t so dam’
bad. considerin’."
I left them taking their dinner in
mess tins to their tents, with a stren
uous afternoon’s cleaning-up ahead
of them, and a detail under orders to
take over some more horses from the
railway station. The big park held
already nearly 3,000 men I had seen
no more than a few hundred, and
missed the howitzers batteries after
all.
A cock-pheasant chaperoned me
down the drive, complaining loudly
that where he was used to walk with I
his ladies under the beech tree*, some 1
unsporting people had built a mircia- I
ture landscape, with tiny villages,
churches and factories, and came I
there daily to point cannon at it.
“Keep away from that place," said |
I. "or you will find yourself in a field |
kitchen."
"Not me!" he crowed. "I’m as!
sacred as golf courses!”
Some Skilled Mechanics.
There was a little town a couple of
miles down the road where one used
to lunch in the olft days and have
the hotel to oneself. Now there are
six ever-changing efficei* in billet
there, and the astonished houses
quiver all day to traction engines and
high-piled lorries. A unit of the Army
Service Corps and some mechanical
transport lived near the station.
"Are they easy to find?" I asked
of a wandering private with the
hands o# a sweep and the head of
a Christian among the lions.
"Well, the A. 8. C. are in the Ter
ritorial Drill Hall for one thing; and
for another, you’re like to hear US!
There’s some motors come In from
Bulford—■” He snorted and passed
on smelling of petrol.
The drill shed was peace and com
fort. The A. S. C. were getting ready
for payday, and for a concert that
evening. Outside, in the wind and
the occasipnal rain spurts life was
different. The Bulford ‘motors and
some other crocks ‘sat on a side road
between what ha been the local ga
rage and a newly-erected workshop
of creaking scaffold poles and belly
ing slatting rick cloths, where a forge
glowed and general repairs were oe-
ing effected. Beneath the motors
men lay on their backs and called
their friends to pass them spanners,
or for pity's sales to shove another
sack under their mud-plastered
heads.
Voices in Gear Boxes.
A corporal who had been nine
years a fitter and seven in a city ga
rage briefly outlined the more viru
lent diseases that develop in Govern
ment rolling stock. (I heard quite a
lot about Bulford.) Hollow voices
from beneath eviscerated gear boxes
confirmed him. We withdrew' to the
shelter of the rick-cloth workshop—
the corporal, the sergeant who had
been a carpenter with a business of
hi* own, and, incidentally, had served
through the Boer War; another ser
geant who was a merruber of the Mas
ter Builders Association, and a pri
vate who had also been a fitter,
chauffeur and a few' other things. The
sergeant who kept a poultry farm in
Surrey had some duty elsewhere.
A man at a carpenter’s bench was
finishing a spoke for a newly painted
cart. He squinted along it.
"That’s funny," said the master
builder. "Of course, in his own busi
ness he’d chuck his Job sooner than
do woodwork. But It’s all funny."
"What I grudge," a sergeant struck
In, "is havin’ to put two and three
guinea a week men to loading and
unloading beef. That’s where a mod
ified conscription for the men that
won’t roll up’d be useful to u»! We
want hewers of wood, we do!”
"I want that file.” This was a pri
vate in a hurry, come from beneath
an unspeakable Bulford. Someone
asked him musically if he "would tell
his wife in the morning w’ho he was
with to-night."
"You’ll find it in the tool chest,"
said the sergeant. It was his own
tool chest and a beauty, which he had
contributed to the common stock.
"And what sort of men have you
got in the unit?" I asked.
Every Sort of Man.
"Every sort you can think of. There
isn’t a thing you couldn’t have made
here if you wanted to. But"—the
corpora' who had been a fitter, spoke
with fervor—"you can’t expect us to
make big ends, can you? That five-
ton Bulford lorry out in the wet ’’
"And she isn’t the worst," said the
master builder. "But it’s all part of
the Job. And so funny when you
come to think of it. Me painting
cart*, and certified plumbers loading
beef! ”
"What about the discipline?" I
asked.
The corporal turned a fletter’s eye
on me. "The mechanism is the ells*
clpline,” he said, with most profound
truth. "Jockeyin’ a sick car on the
road i* discipline, too. What about
the discipline?" He turned to the
sergeant with the carpenter's chest.
There was one sergeant of regulars,
with twenty years’ service behind him
and a knowledge of human nature.
"You ought to know. You’ve Just
been made corporal," said that ser
geant of regulars.
"Well, there's so much which ev
erybody knows has got to be done
that—that—why, we all turn in and
do It," quoth the corporal.
"Yes that’s just about how the case
stands,” said the sergeant of regu
lars. "Come and see our stores.”
They were beautifully arranged in
a shed which felt lilcg a monastery
after the windy, clashing world with
out, and the youn gprlvate who acted
as checker—he came from some rail
way office—had the thin, keen face of
the cleric.
"We're In billets In the towfl," said
the sergeant who had been a carpen
ter. "But I’m a married man. T
shouldn’t care to have men billeted
on US, an’ I don’t want to incon
venience other people. So I’ve knock
ed up a bunk for myself on the prem
ises. It’s handier to the stores."
Warning Not Needed.
We entered what had been the lo
cal garage. The mechanical trans
port were in full possession, tinkering
the gizzards of more cars. We dis
cussed chewed-up gears (samples at
hand) and the civil population's views
of the military. The corporal told a
tale of a clergyman in a midland
town, who, only a year ago, on the
Occasion of some maneuvers, prech
ed a sermon warning his flock to
guard their womenfolk against the
soldiers.
"And when you think—when you
know—** said the corporal, "what life
in those little towns really is!" He
whistled. "Now come and see us
paid in the drill shed."
The first man I ran across there
was a sergeant who had served in the
M. I. in the picnic we used to call a
war. He had been a private chauf
feur for some years—long enough to
catch the professional look, but was
Joyously reverting to service type
again.
The men lined up, were called out,
saluted emphatically at the pay ta
ble, and fell back with their emolu
ments. They smiled at each other.
"An’ it’s all so funny,” murmured
the master builder in my ear. "About
a quarter—no—less than a quarter—
of what one ’ud be making on one’s
own! ”
No Rest for Them.
"Two-ten a week and all found. I
was. An’ only two cars to look after."
said a voice behind. "An’ If I’d be^n
asked—only asked—to lie down in (he
mud all the afternoon—” The speak
er looked at his ten-shilling paper
note and half handful of silver.
Someone wanted to know sotto voce
if "that was union rates," and the
grin spread among the uniformed ex
perts.
"Thank heaven!” said one of them
at last. "It’s too dark to work on
those blessed Bulfords any more to
day. We’ll get ready for the con
cert"
MILITARISM BUT ORGANIZED
PATRIOTISM, SAYS GERMAN
1
Every German Soldier Actuated by True Love of
Country; Victory in Poland Shows How
Spirit Wins Over Bulk, Kaiser’s Spokesman
Declares.
By JAMES CREELMAN.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 26.—There was a loko of pride and
power in the gray eyes of Dr. Bernhard Dernburg as he talked of
the German naval raid on the English coast and the smashing vic
tory of German arms over the Russians.
A great, thick bulk of a man is the former German Colonial
Minister—broad-shouldered, deep-chested, with a massive head
and strong face, mantled with a thick shag of grizzly beard.
There is something in the rough, plain outline of the man that
at first suggests phlegmatic slowness,
but, as he spoke of German victory
to-day, he lifted his great head high,
his big, flat teeth showed under the
mustache and his countenance shone
with patriotic enthusiasm and confi
dence.
"The great victory of Germany in
Poland, a victory so great that per
haps the general public can not ap
preciate its full weight, shows that
mere numbers, mere military units,
can not insure success in this war,"
he said.. *
Patriotism Triumphs.
"The tremendous victory which our
arms have won in the pastern theater
of war is due to militarism backed by
German love of country,” he said.
The heavy figure paced the room
slowly and the powerful hands were
locked behind the back, head down
and brows close-knit.
"Indeed," he said, "It is impossible
to separate German militarism from
German patriotism. One is simply the
expression of the other, and the world
has in this great victory an illustra
tion of what German militarism
means—that is, the organized strength
and patriotism of the German people
to serve as a defense for their father-
land, which practically every German
soldier considers a privilege rather
than a mere duty.
"For instance, no criminal is per
mitted to serve in the German army
to-day, in spite of the extreme emer
gency created by this war. This 1* a
particularly understandable illustra
tion of how the German nation re
gards the right to fight for Germany
as a privilege rather than a mere ob
ligation.
1,500,000 Volunteers.-
"The tremendous and very real pa
triotism animating the so-called mili
tarism of Germany is also shown in
the fact that more than a million and
a half of Germans exempted by law
from military service at the present
time have gladly, and, in their own
free wiil, reported to the colors and
taken up arms in defense of their
country, and it must not be forgotten
that more than 90,000 of these volun
teers came from Alsace-Lorraine."
Dr. Dernburg stQpped pacing the
room and folded his arms over his
powerful chest. Hia heavy face was
lit up by the thought that possessed
him. The heaviness was gone; he
was all enthusiasm.
"Masses can not do it,’’ be said.
"At the baginning of the war we
were told that as soon as the Rus
sian army was perfectly moMlized,
an army which would number from
10,000,000 to 12.000,000 men, it would
by sheer weight of numbers break
down whatever forces Germany, fight
ing on tw'o frontiers, could oppose,
and would rush on irresistibly to Ber
lin. where they were to be not later
than Christmas.
"Look at the situation to-day. There
will be quite a number of Russians
serving as unwilling guests in Ger
many at Christmas time, no less than
780.000 unwounded prisoners having
been taken so far in the Poland cam
paign.
"This rush upon the German east
ern lines of the greatest armed force
ever assembled In human history," he
said, "has not only been checked, but
it is a fact that the Russian army is
actually shattered and in rout at the
present time.
Russians Must Reorganize
And Form New War Plans
"In order to become effective again
at all, there will be considerable time
required, an absolutely new grouping
of the Russian forces and an alto
gether new' Russian plan.
"This great and crushing German
victory, as I have said, shows what
German training, backed by German
patriotism, means.
"Surely, it must be plain to any
body who has paid the slightest at
tention to the matter that Russia has
no cause that can evoke an Intelligent
patriotism, since she is merely a bru
tal aggressor, and the ignorant mil
lions who have been called to tne
Russian colors have no idea what
they are fighting for.
"As a matter of fact, intelligent
men in the United States can not un
derstand w'hat Russia, is fighting for,
a mere fierce and vulgar passion for
conquest, against which the German
nation Is a unit.
"This great German victory in the
East shows clearly, not only that
mere masses can not achieve victory
in such a great international strug
gle as this, but that victory is not to
be secured even by trained officers.
Germany a Unit.
"A nation can rely for victory only
upon the intelligence, initiative, mor
ale and self-reliance of the individual
soldier, united with the trained d-
rective intelligence of the officers, and
supported by an ideal conviction of
the righteousness of the cause for
which they are fighting.
"Nothing stands out in this situa
tion more clearly than the absolute
unity of the German people, from the
Emperor and the Chancellor down
to the humblest man in the German
ranks, than the conviction that they
are fighting for the very life of their
nation.
"Since the armies on the eastern
line of war are stretched out literally
for hundreds of miles, it must be ap
parent to everyone that the nations
involved must largely rely upon the
initiative, intelligence and individual
convictions of the private soldiers
themselves, as well as upon the lead
ers of the smaller unts.
"It is the fact that German mili
tarism, so-called, has produced in its
army a morally conscious military
unit that w’lll make the cause of Rus
sia eventually hopeless.
"It is democracy against autocra
cy; for, whatever may be said, Ger
many to-day Is a true democracy and
is, in fact, the actual mother of the
essentials of the democracies of the
United States and Great Britain.
Swiss Armed .Democracy.
"It is asserted by many people that
universal military training, universal
military service, is not consistent with
democratic institutions. Yet we have
Switzerland, for instance, which re
quires every citizen of military age to
be a soldier, and even furnishes arms,
uniforms and other equipment to be
kept in their houses.
"And Switzerland is held up to the
admiration of the world as an almost
perfect example of democratic and
federal free government.
Democracy Is Possible in
Country WhichHas Monarch
"It was your own Daniel Webster
who asked his people not to forget
that there can be a despotism under
the form of a republic, and that It is
also possible to have a democracy
under the form’of a monarchy.
"No one who haq observed the ex
traordinary care with which the Ger-
nf&n Government has. for a quarter
of a century, exerted its supreme ef
forts to raise the masses of the Ger
man people by systematic and uni
versal education, by technical train
ing, and by successive laws provid
ing for old age pensions, compulsory
insurance against the consequences
of sickness, accidents, invalidism, and
taking care of widow’s and orphans—
in all of which she made her demo
cratic reforms long before they were
brought into the field either of Brit
ish or American politics.
"I say that no one who has ob
served these thing* can doubt that
the central thought and pusgose of
the German Government has been
directed to true democratic ends.
Mortality Reduced.
"It is the consciousneas of that fact
that stands behind the trained power
of the German army to-day.
"In spite of the talk about militar
ism. it must be remembered that while
the German army, a purely defensive
force provided by a nation surrounded
by powerful arms and aggressive
neighbors, has cost about 800,000,000
marks a year, the social insurance
system, w'hich has safeguarded the
masses of the German people, has
enormously reduced mortality and
added to the productive efficiency of
the masses, has amounted to 1.200,000
marks a year, and the increase of
German national wealth acquired
through peaceful and intelligent in
dustry has increased annually about
8,000 006,000 marks.
"Militarism takes about two years
out of the productive life of the ordi
nary German subject. But the great
system of social and economic laws
evolved bv German statesmanship has
actually added more than two years
to the average life of Germany. Un
der the present beneficent German
system the annual increase of the
German population, quite aside from
the relation which deaths and births
bear to each other, amounts to 80,000
persons a year.
Predict* Victory.
"Is it any w'onder, then, that the
German masses, conscious of these
things, can fight successfully against
a brutal and ignorant autocracy like
Russia?
"Nothing can be more certain that
when the German force* take th* lino
of the Vistula and dominate Poland,
they w’lll be In a position to spare
enough troops to crush the Allies on
the west side of Europe. After thl*
smashing blow it will take the Rus
sian army many months to reorga
nize for a new campaign.
&
DR. J.T. GAULT
SPECIALIST (for men)
establish,d Ilsvsn Vsars
32 Inman BulMlna
Atlanta Osor«l.
LESWERK LAUNDRY
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