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Po 2 S ’?;}:5;.2’3"-.!: RY o sLT We e R .-"-',.:s;:'v-.f'-,'i.-..;,, RRI 4;:}‘%#::.:?;.:;3’ £7 8 o Lok 'e e s& B Priap g TN S e B 2 e ARt Re R R v S i A s ARt MT ) B R R Y A R S A7r NR o e e PR IR R & I SIS L e o S 3 o 2 e i igt R o TR R L e MR R R s Ie e A L T v R A e CRCar APR IR e DL LA :L;u: > C:; Sl N this cartoon Mr. McCay calls B}\ R T the attention of legislators to ' J B (’\2 the shame of modern govern- Q 3\5 ments—base ingratitude to the i At]| women who bear and rear their children. It is a picture that is worth the careful study of every lawmaker. Twenty one States, it is true, have made provision for . widowed mothers—have assisted them to provide for their young children in their own homes. But in most cases the laws for relief of mothers could be greatly improved. IN NEW YORK, THE RICHEST AND MOST POPULOUS STATE IN THE UNION, NO PROVISION WHATEVER 1S MADE FOR MOTHERS. Left a widow by the death of a husband who could not possibly make more than a living for his family during his lifetime, the mother is often . turned out into the street with her children. The charity societies cannot provide ifor half of her kind. Her only resource is to send hLer children to State orphan asylums, and apply herself for entrance to the poorhouse. That means that the children will be brought up with hundreds of others in the cold mechani cal fashion of a State institution, if indeed they survive at all. It means that the mother who gave them Lirth, who planned to make them use ful citizens, who had a mother’s pride in their careers, will be sent to some desolate, far away corner of the country, to earn a bare existence at such work as her feeble strength enables her to do. IT MEANS THAT A HOME, WHICH MIGHT HAVE CONTRIBUTED MUCH TO THE WEL . FARE OF THE COUNTRY AND ITS CITIZENS, WILL BE BROKEN UP, and that the priceless teachings of a mother to. her children will be denied an important part of the future citizens of the country. s& & . ' Twenty years ago no State government felt called upon to do anything for the widow and the orphan beyond giving them places in asylums, often badly managed, and always the worst pos sible substitute for a real home. In that day the mother was forced to send her . children out to find what work they could in order . to help support themselves. Her slim earnings were never sufficient to feed and clothe them. Child slavers, taking advantage of the helpless ' ness of mother and childrer, took them into fac ‘tories, and broke down their strength in a few years, turning them out cripples and derelicts. Gradually. in some of the States, the people The Widowed Mother Who Has Borne Children for the State Is Too Often Permitted to Starve With Her Children in the Streets Because of the Indifference and Ignorance of the Men Who Make the Laws. Twenty-one States Provide for Widowed Mothers in Some Fashion or Other, But None of Them Makes Adequate Provision for the Noble Women Who, Because of the Death of Their Husbands, Have Been Reduced to Poverty. New York, the Richest and Most Populous State in the Union, Makes No Provision for Widowed Mothers at All. Yet the Future of the City, the State and the Nation Depends on the Care That Is Given to the Upbringing of Children and the Security and Comfort of the Mother Who Trains Them to Become Citizens. learned that this was not only inhumane, but bad economy. The loss of the home made itself felt. The State was put to just as much expense in maintaining so-called charitable institutions as it would have incurred in keeping mothers and chil dren together. Its loss in good citizenship was incalculable. The workhouses and asylums overflowed Worse still, the prisons overflowed. Children without a mother's care do not, as a rule, grow up right. Indigency increased, and indigency al ways leads to crime. Where families were maintained as families, it was found that the State immediately benefited. Paying the debt of the people to the mother was found to be a good investment. One State profited by the example of another, until now twenty-one of them have laws under which a mother is given some return for the great work she has done for the State in giving birth to chil dren. e & @& The States now having laws for the relief of widowed mothers are: Colorado, California, Idaho, Illinois, lowa, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Washington and Wisconsin. In every one of these conditions have materially improved since the passage of such laws. In most cases mothers with orphaned children are permitted to keep their sons and daughters at home—being given a sufficient allowance to main tain them, after a fashion. Because the people have not fully awakened tp the tremendous importance of a mother’s influ ence, this allowance is seldom as large as it should be. But a beginning has been made. And gradu ally, as education brings about enlightenment, bet « ter and better provision will be made, until at last the widowed mother will be enabled to stay at home and look after her children through the day, without having to go to the task of support ing them by her own labor. The New York American has introduced into the State Legislature of New York a bill which empowers the county and city authorities to save its mothers from the poorhouses, and its children from orphan asylums. The bill embodies the best features of the bills of other States. Its passage, which is assured, will place New York at least on a par with her Eastern and Western sisters in commonsense legis lation for the benefit of the whole community. The ablest and wisest members of the Legisla ture are behind the bill. The Legislature will have the benefit during its discussion of the advice and counsel of leaders in the mothers’ relief move ment in all the progressive States. And if improvements can be found, they will be incorporated. The work is a great and important one, and needs the support of every good citizen, not only of New York, but of the whole United States, for the entire nation is dependent on the character of its citizens, and indebted to the mothers who give it good citizens. g 8 ® The picture Mr. McCay has presented io the at tention of the Legislature is not an exaggeration. During the intensely cold weather of late December and early January, many mothers and €ditorial and @ity Life Section of Kearst's Sunday American, Htlanta, January 10, 1915. their children were evicted in New York Oity and in other northern cities—turned out into the biting cold because of their failure to pay a few weeks’ rent. The picture is a fine commentary on the present state of civilization. Here is a woman who has given the best years of her life to the bearing of children. Her hus band, hard-working and honest though he was, could earn only enough to keep a roof over the heads of his family, provide them with food and clothing, and send them to school. Saving was out of the question. With his wages, life insurance was out of the question, When he fell ill and died there was nothing left. In such cases it is always the neighbors, poor themselves, who do the immediate relief work. Charity organizations usually have their hands full. It takes long negotiations to gain admittance to State institutions. Here is a woman who needs food and shelter The neighbors, at tremendous sacrifice, take her in. But soon they must find her other means of support or take the bread out of the mouths of their own children and risk the very roof they live under. : ¢ & ¢ The mother has lived wisely and carefully. She has made every possible sacrifice to keep her children alive and well. She has sought to inspire them with high ideals, to make them the kind of citizens she would like to call her sons. Every effort she has put forth at the prompt. ings of her mother instinct has been an effort in the interests of the whole people. The task she has begun, if finished, will give T E—— tritain Rights Resetved ght. 19 » ' to the commonwealth a family of useful, upright men and women whose labor and thought will benefit the entire community. But death has interrupted her labors. She has no skill in any craft. She has no sirength for manual labor. Her earnings as a floor scrubber or a washerwoman would not begin to keep her fam ily in food. What is she to do? And the great State of New York answers that she is to send the babies about whose future she has dreamed, and whom she loves as onmly a mother can love, to some far away asylum—to place them in the hands of people whose only in terest is drawing their own salary, and to say goodby to them forever. As for her—though she has served the State bet ter than any man can serve it, she can, if she is lucky, gain admittance to the county poorhouse. A beautiful reward for the highest service that human being can give to the world! ¢ & ¢ What will be done by the New York Legislature this year will be done, we believe, within ten years by every State in the Union. o The laws now on the statute books of the more progressive States will De bettered. The people will come to recognize the worth of the mother and the home. There is more than sentiment in the movement to pay the debt of the citizen to the mother, al though there is and should be a great deal of sen timent in it. It is a matter of economy, of self-interest on the part of the people who thus provide out of their earnings for the woman who has no earnings and can find no means of having any. Men grow up as they are directed at their moth er’'s knee. The greatest men owe their greatness to their mothers. Washington, Lincoln, Jefferson, Grant, Lee have all acknowledged their debt to their mothers. And every man who sits in the Legislature, who takes part in the affairs of the community, who builds a business, or works to uplift his fellow men, must acknowledge the same debt, s & & Gentlemen of the Legislatures of the States of the Union, study this picture. Ask yourselves how you would like to see YOUR mother at the mercy of a bleak Winter wind, or to know that when you die the mother of your children will be thus de serted by humanity. Make such things forever impossible. You are charged with the business of government. Do not let such a disgrace as this endure in any govern ment of which you are a part. w,h