Newspaper Page Text
EXTRA
VOL. 11. NO. 47.
North Carolinan, in a Reply to
Senator Weeks, the G. 0. P.
Spokesman, Defends Tariff
and Business Legislation.
Cites Statistics to Show That
Until the War Revenue and
Exports Did Increase—Praises
Trade Board and Clayton Act.
By JOHMN TEMPLE GRAVES.
WASHINGTON, Feb. 27.—Claude
Kitchin is now the new leader of the
Democratic majority in the House,
succeeding Oscar Underwood, by the
vote of his party caucus. It is the
opinion of House Democrats that Mr.
Kitchin knows as much, if not more,
about the tariff even than Oscar Un
derwood himself.
He is a student, a thinker and A
master of men. Champ Clark says he
is the finest debater the Houee has
known in years.
To-day he gave his views, in detail,
an follows:
“The real, big issue between the
parties in the campalgn of 1916 will be
the approval or disapproval of the
Wiison administration and the Dem
ocratic Congress.
“The tariff will be the main issue—
that is, the Underwood-Simmons act
will be the main point of attack by
the Republicans and of defense by the
Democrats.
Tariff as Revenue Aid.
“1. It lis charged by Senator
Weeks and his Republican friends
that the Underwood act is a failure
as a revenue producer.
“There is no truth in this charge.
“The fact that that, from October 3,
1913, the date of its enactment, (0
August 1, 1914, the beginning of the
European war, the Underwood act,
with its income tax and other in
ternal revenues, produced $8,000,000
more revenue than the Payne act,
with its corporation tax and other
internal revenue, for the same months
of the preceding year under the Payne
act—that is, the next to the last year
of the Payne act.
“If no European war had occurred,
at the same rate of collection prevail
ing up to August 1, 1914, and the same
rate of increase in importations as
was the annual average increase dur
ing the four years of the Payne act—
even I the reduced tariff of the Un
derwood act had not added to the in
crease—for the fiscal year ending June
30, 1915, we would have collected, with
the Underwood act, income tax and
other intéernal reyenue, over $20,000,-
000 more than for any year under the
Payne act, or any year in the history
of the Government.
“The authors of the Underwood
act, at its passage, estimated that, for
the fiscal vear ending June 30, 1914,
with the three months—July, August
and September, 1913—0 f lhe Payne
act, it would yield, in custom receipts,
$270,000,000. It actually yielded $292,-
000,000. It exceeded expectations by‘i
$22,000,000. |
Effect on Exports.
«2 It is charged that our tariff act
has injured our export trade.
“There 18 no truth in the charge.
“The fact is that, from October 3,
1913, to August 1, 1914—the life of the
Underwood act up to the beginning of
the European war (when at once the
slump in our export trade began)—
our export trade was larger by over
$80,000,000 than, with one exception,
in any year in the history of our
country. It was $193,000,000 larger
than for the same month under the
Payne act for the year ending Au
gust 1, 1912, and $465,000,000 larger
than for the same months of the first
vear of the Payne act.
“There was, on the first day of
the first August under the Wilson ad
ministration and Underwo®d act an
excess over the first August under
the Taft administration and the
Payne act, of $66,385,000.
“The working balances in the
Treasury offices on August 1, 1930,
first year of the Taft administration
Continued on Page 4, Column 4.
it s e T e T {9 b
Robert W..Chamhere in Hearet’'s Magazine
& : = B e&5 , S . e ‘ . ‘ ; 4 43
%w er » 3 sou et 00l v “The Third Eye” rivals Edgar Allan Poe LY i
” - 8 9 lAE K S
Investigator Moore Declares Na
tion Would Be Helpless in War
Because of Its Unprepared
ness—‘Armed Citizenry’ Myth.
Would Take Year to Install Facto
ries to Make Machines for
Turning Out War Equipment.
Powder Plants Are Ample.
| By ARTHUR MOORE.
(Military Expert and Investigator.)
. That “citizenry” President Wilson
l-poke of as the proper guarantee of
iom- security was an “ARMED citl
gzenry.” Yet Mr. Wilson, the com
‘mmdcr—ln-chld of our army and
navy, knew when he coined that
phrase his predecessors had left him
no way to make our citizenry an
armed body, and knew equally well
his administration had done nothing
to change that dangerous fact.
Even though he has not permitted
the professional military men whose
knowledge he has at his disposal to
tell us the truth, he has been told
the truth himself. Knowing it, he has
‘done mothing but emit another phrase.
. Not Enough Big Guns.
" Our stores of war materials would
be our first resort in the nation's need.
It has been told us again and agaln
by men that know the truth that the
great cannons of our coast defenses
are pitifully too few. It has been told
to us that our field artillery is even
more scant, and that ammunition for
both types of cannons is Insufficient
for a week of hot fighting.
The most essential weapon for any
sort of fighting, the rifie of the sol
dier, is, however, where we are most
of all short of our simplest needs.
It is doubtful if there are half a
million Krag and new Springfield ri
fles combined in the whole United
States.
The average man naturally might
conclude that after the extensive
preparation to fill foreign orders for
all types of artillery and ammunition
our American factories would be ready
to supply our own needs.
Would Take Year to Equip.
But here is the most dangerous mis
take that an American could make.
For every bit of this preparation to
manufacture foreign guns and muni
tions will HAVE TO BE REPEATED
before our manufacturers could BE
GIN to make war machines for our
own use.
It would probably take a year to fit
up for the manufacture of any con
siderable quantities of war machines
of our Government standard types.
At the end of a year the capacity of
the private concerns may be doubled,
but only for production of foreign
standard arms. While if nothing is
done with our arsenals, which ALONE
produce our Government Springfields,
the capacity for that arm will be just
the same as it is to-day.
Of fleld cannons of adequate range
and efficlency we can not produce a
thousand in a year under any condi
tions at all possible of attainment.
For powder we are well off now, be
cause of the quantities in process of
manufacture for foreign governments.
But ordinarily we could not secure a
powder supply short of five or six
months.
The present Administration is not
responsible for the condition. Mr.
Wileon is only responsible for the
falsely confronting phrase.
. . .
Missing Heir Found
After 4-Year Search
ORANGEBURG, 8. C, Feb. 27—
After a seemingly frultless search for
four years, Mrs. Maggie Walton has
at last been located, and within a ‘ew
days will receive her portion of an es
tate which was settled up in this
county in 1911. From place to place
the search has been carried on, until
practically the entire country has
been covered. A few days ago the
much-sought heir was located at
Brewton, Ala.
e - HEARSFS . . _——>
N AV S 5 AMER]T
S UNDAY: it AMERICAN
- MY S AV
- —F R
Colquiit Pleads for a Great U. S. Navy
Wants a Real Merchant Marine, Too
DARDANELLES SHELLING IS LESSON FOR AMERICA
I THE ARGUMENT: |
That New York and other American coast
cities would be helpless under a bombardment
from warships of a nation at war with the United
States because the range of our coast defense guns,
is not as great as that of modern battleships has
been brought out before the House subcommittee
on fortifications at Washington. General Weaver,
commander of the coast artillery, admitted that
such an attack would be extremely likely in case
of war and that the American guns could not reply
Honors Planned for
.
Reconstruction Hero
Memorial To Be Erected to South
Carolina Man Killed in Famous
Riots in 1876,
AUGUSTA. Feb 27 —~Gowvernor
Mamning, of South Carolina, has
signed a bl!l passed by the Legisla
ture appropriating S4OO to erect a
monument to McKie Meriwether, ‘he
young South Carolinan killed in the
Hamburg riot, across the river from
Augusta, in 1876, provided a similar
amount is raised by the McKie Mer
iwether Memorial Assoclation.
The ladies of this association have
raised a large portion of the S4OO, and
within a few months a marble tablet
or shaft will be placed in the principal
street of North Augusta, 8. C, in hon.
or of the young man who gave up his
life when the negroes and whites had
trouble in the final days of reconstruc
ion.
Merwiether was the oniy white man
to lose his life. A negro military com
pany was barricaded in a two-story
brick house, when Meriwether and
‘some other young men were recon
noitering and got too close. Meri
wether fell dead from a volley of
shots. A large number of negroes
were killed before the riot was
quelled.
Five Minutes Limit
.
On Party Line Talk
CINCINNATI, Feb. 27.—Any one who
uses & telephone “party line”’ muat not
talk over it more than five minutes at
a time. So Municipal Judge Wicks
ruled.
George Houssey keeps an information
bureau, so he has to talk. The Bell
Telephone Company complained he
sometimes monopolized a party line for
forty minutes, talking about nothing
more important than the weather or so
clal affairs. So they cut his wire and
want to annul his contract.
Hussey says he wrl carry the case
to the highest court.
Cornell Students to
Have Military Course
ITHACA, N. Y,, Feb. 21—A two
years' course of military drilling will be
required of Cornell students after the
new hall now being erected by the State
on the Cornell campus is completed.
This has been decided by the faculty,
which has made such a recommendation
to the trustees. Under the Morrill land
grant act Cornell is required to conduct
military drill. Since 1902 only freshmen
have been required to take the military
course.
It is probable that two regiments of
1,000 men each will be formed by Lieu
tenant H. T. Bull, U, 8. A, at present
detailed to Cornell.
One in 7 Marriages
. .
In Chicago Failure
CHICAGO, Feb. 27.—For every six
merriage licenses in Chicago during 1914
there was a divorce, a separate main
tenance or an annulment suit filed, ac
cording to County Clerk Robert M.
Sweitzer's figures, just made public.
A total of 5,356 suits were filed dur
ing the year, as compared with 338,897
marriage licenses issued.
Tolstoi’s Grandson
- Now Kept in Chains
PARIS, Feb. 27.—Count Michaei
Tolstoi, grandson of the writer, who is
a prisoner of war in Bohemia, escaped
with two companions, sought refuge in
a Bohemian village and was recaptured.
The three now are confined in a fortress
in chains.
ATLANTA, GA., SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 28 1915
Former Governor of Texas Says England Has
Made Conditions Like Those of 1812
NEW YORK, Feb. 27.—Vigorous protests against the alleged
misuse of the American flag by England and the advocacy of a
navy sufficiently strong to insist upon America’s sovereignty on
the seas were features of a largely attended mass meeting under
the auspices of the ‘‘For America League’’ at the Hippodrome,
Reference to Secretary Bryan as ‘‘The Prince of Peace’” was
greeted repeatedly with hisses and ’en. Resolutions were adopt
ed demanding that Great Britain be held accountable forthe vio
lation of international ethies equally with Germany for the loss of
American lives on ships in British waters.
CITES BRITISH GOLD AND GREED.
““We have always had to contend against British gold and
greed,”’ declared ex-Governor O. B. Colquitt, of Texas. *‘Condi
tions confronting us now are not muech different from those of
1812. Then, as now, England controlled the seas; she has written
the law of the seas; they have been drawn to suit her interests.
‘When we talk of ‘precedents’ we are merely referring to what the
country has laid down in her interests as the law, because she is
mistress of the seas.
““No nation should be conceded the right to stop the free
transit of impartial commeree. For this reason the navy of the
’United States should be inereased until it is second to none.
| ““Our laws should be changed so as to encourage a merchant
marine, ample to earry our commerce to all parts of the world.
But what a spectacle our nation presents in humbly bowing its
proud and free people before the commercial will of Great Britain!
That country threatens to withdraw its millions they have loaned
in America if we do not continue to do her bidding on the high
seas and let us destroy or use our commerce at her pleasure.
DECREASE SHIPMENT OF ARMS.
“*lt would be a gracious and just thing to do if Congress would
pass an act forbidding the shipment of arms to any of the bellig
erent nations. The ‘Prince of Peace’ would undoubtedly smile
with approval upon such an act. If foodstuffs can’t be sent to
noncombatants, then we should at leas trefuse to ship the instru
ments of death from our shores to increase the widowhood and
orphange of Europe.”
"
‘T Gotcha,’ Policeman
.
Tells Senator Lewis
Slang Answer Given Correct Speech
of Statesman Who Recovers
Lady's Handkerchief.
WASHINGTON, Feb, 27.—Senator
James Hamilton Lewis picked up a
dainty embroidered handkerchief
dropped by a woman Just outside the
White House. He waited some time
for her to return to reclaim her prop
erty, but she failed to come back.
Finally Senator Lewis draped it on
a bush just at the White House gate.
He called the policeman’s attention,
saying:
“Perhaps the dear lady will return
and discover it hanging there, and I
beg of you to watch for her and at
once ease her mind.”
“I gotcha,” replied the policeman.
Dealers Made to Eat
. .
Poisoned Ices; 35 Die
AUSTIN, TEXAS, Feb, 32.—A Mex
ico City dispatch says:
“The death of several Constitutional
ist soldiers, causged by eating poisoned
ice cream, led to the arrest of 84 ice
cream venders in the city All were
made to eat their own wares, with the
result that 85 of them died of poison
ing.
SHUTS BAR, GOES TO REVIVAL.
EVANS CITY, PA., Feb. 27.—Evans
City had a religious revival conducted
by the Rev. A. H. Griffin. All of the
business houses closed during the ser
vice on Mothers' Day, and one hotel
man, C. H. Miller, closed his bar and
attended the meeting.
| THE PROOF: | :
LONDON, Feb, 27.—The Franco-British feet
whieh bombarded the Dardanelles forts Friday
and Saturday, a week ago, escaped all damage
from the guns of the Turkish forts because they i
delivered their attacks at long range. The forts;
replied, but their shells fell far short of their tar
gets because they were out of range, while the war- }
ships did terrible havoe in the fortifications. The |
admiralty announces that five forts were silenced |
because of their helplessness. :
;Millionaire for Da
~ Now Seeki Wy'
Now Seeking a Wife
Butch McDevitt Would Wed Girl Who
Will Think Him Great as
He Believes.
. WILKESBARRE, Feb, 27.—John
“Buteh” McDevitt, “millionaire for a
day,” is in the market for a wife, He
believes the prettiest giris come from
New England, and has offered him
self exclusively to girls of that sec
tion, providing they don't bother him
with church questions, club affairs and
pink tea parties.
“Butch” says his wife must be will
ing to allow him to keep his own hours
and do pretty much as he pleases. He
agrees to keep her fashionably dress
ed. btu denies her poodle dogs, fancy
cats and parrots.
John wants his wife to absorb his
jideas of his greatness, and to regard
him as one whose life will be recorded
in history
Man Is Crushed in
Bargain Counterßush
TRENTON, N. J., Feb. 27.—Five hun
dred women tried to get into an installi
ment house here, where a special sale
was 1n progress under a new owner,
They crushed lLawrence Clark, a spe
cial officer, so badly he had to be car
ried away. The attending physician be
lieves Clark is injured. internally.
The special officer was standing near
the door and was almost pushed through
a large plate glass window.
is ‘Jim Crow’
St. Louis ‘Jim Crow
| .
~ Jitney Bus Barred
Police Judge Releases Six Negroes
| Who Were Arrested at In
| stance of Chauffeur.
| BT. LOUIS, PFeb. 217 ~"Jitney"*
bus drivers can not draw the ocolor
line. This ruling was handed down
by Judge Hogan in Police Court In
the case of John J. Hickey, chauffear,
who had six negroes arrested when
they refused to get out of his bus
{Judtt Hogan held the “fitney” bus
{s a public conveyance, and as there
‘was no evidence that the negroes had
conspired to raise trouble he dis
imh—‘d them
| Ten minutes after leaving oourt
Hickey knocked down a man, and as
iho was driving away from the hos
pital to which he took the man he
struck another automobile and dam
aged it
Mrs. Nellie M. Read, wife of a one
time railroad conductor who is now
an invalid, has started as a “Jitney”
bus driver and made $6.36 the first
day
-. e R
Girl Gets $4,000 for
Pretty, Rosy Cheek
‘ —— e
| COLUMBIA, 8. C., Feb, 27.—There is
& yYoung woman here who regards her
'm-y cheeks as being very valuable.
"l'hi- really would be true, in a mome
tary sense, could all the epidermis of
Iher face be charged for at the rate the
Columbia Railway, Gas and Electric
Company was forced to pay for about
three square inches of that complexion,
’wmch was removed when she wus
thrown from a moving street car.
. The Supreme Court agreed that this
cuticle was not worth all of 510,000, for
’whlch amount suit was entered by Miss
(Mlyde Yarborough. The high court did
‘hold, however, that she was due $4.000
for this loss, the rosiest part of one
‘chook
| ) 2
John D.'s Gift, Lost
12 Years, Is Found
TARRYTOWN, N. Y., Feb, 23i.—John
D. Rockefeller's gifts to publie funds are
not often put away and forgotten, but
that is what happened here twelve
vears ago, and the gift has just been
resurrected. At that time Mr. Rocke
feller gave SIOO toward a pension fund
for firemen's widows, which was just
about to be wound up because of a lack
of money.
Chief Martin deposited the money and
forgot all about it. A few days ago he
came across an old bankbook in the attic
and found the SIOO entry in it. The
chief promptly turned it over to the fire
department, and as a result an attempt
will be made to reorganize the fund If
other subscriptions can be obtained.
Freed by Blease, Sent
Back for Longer Term
P |
COLUMBIA, 8. C., Feb. 27.—""Have
vou ever been pardoned or paroled by
Governor Blease?' was the evubt-;t,u,ncc:i
of a question put by Judge Sease, hold
ing court at Charleston, to Willlam
Freeman, convicted on two counts,
housebreaking and larceny. 1
¥reeman answered he had recelvod‘
ciemency of some desoription, but he
did not remember ‘‘exactly whether he
was pardoned or paroled.” |
Thereupon the judge increased fromi
three vears to six years the term the
prisoner must serve for his latest
erimes.
“You will not get pardoned this time,"’
said the judge.
PRIZE FOR YALE GRANDPA.
NEW HAVEN, Feb. 22.—The Yale
class of '96 has declded to oer a silver
platter to the first member of the class
who becomes a grandfather,
Germans Not Likely to Take Po
land’s Capital, Declares Gran
ville Fortescue, Who Is at the
Front With Russian Forces.
Roosevelt's Former Aide Writes of
Awful Devastation in the Bzura
River Region Caused by Mon
ster Cannon’s Modern Shells.
By GRANVILLE FORTESCUE. }
(War Correspondent, Who Was Mili
tary Aide to President Rooseveit.)
SOCHACZEF, POLAND, Feb. 27—
Sochacset s the skeleton of & town.
The rafters and wreckage of i‘.-‘
Louses stick up from the ground like
a carrion-picked carcass in the desert.
The town has been battered beyond
all recognition by the German slege
guns |
With Sochaczef as your center,
taking a mile radius, measure north
along the Bzura River to the east,
and then to the south on the same
river, and you will have a segment
pockmarked with shell holes—not
¢lone two-feet excavations, made by
small shells, but enormous pits that
mark where the 13-inch projectiles of
the great cannons have exploded. One
of these excavations was directly in
the center of a road and big enough to
bury an elephant in. I took a pho
tograph, with two officers standing
one above the other, and yet not
reaching its rim.
The town shows the frightful raw.
ages produced by these giant shells.
Houses have literally been disin
tegrated when these cones of explo
sives have touched them. A whole
block of bulldings was smashed into
the street Into an Indistinguishable
pile of rubble. Not only houses
knocked Into shapeless masses, but
streets are obliterated by piles of Je
bris. Not a soul treads the silent
ruins, the fear-stricken populace long
ago fled.
The Modern Moles.
With characteristic Russian hospi
tality, Major Sokolowski invited me
to the commodious cavern that serves
as his quarters. Going underground
from the bright sunlight, I could not
help thinking that the modern soldier
has developed the characteristics of
the mole. He lives underground, and
displays the greatest activity at
night. By the dim rays of a single
candle, I make out a table, covered
with the outline of the orders of the
day, The adjutant sits before it, and
the routine of the regiment goes on
underground exactly as If they were
‘nving a normal existence In bar
racks.
| After a short visit, | went with two
Russian officers to the observation
station. This was in the garret of a
half-wrecked brick bullding, over
looking a bridke across the Bzura.
The river looked fresh and blue in the
sunlight; the snow had disappeared,
and the ground before the German po
sitions was green with winter wheat,
The German trenches are hardly 500
vards distant. A line of raw earth
marks their position. At the back of
their trenches, near a wood, are the
artillery positions, and beyond these
some white buildings, which the Rus
sian officers tell me are hangars. Six
aeroplanes are housed there.
There are elaborately constructed
saps that lead from one trench to
another. An order says that officers
passing to and from the front line
should use this approach. But there
is a short cut, and as traversing it is
spiced with danger, some officers al
ways take this route. It is an open
stretch of about 50 yards, commanded
by German gharpshooters.
Running the Gantlet.
The game is to run that 50 vards
and not get hit. The adjutant went
first. He was halfway across when
three bullets plastered themselves
against the bricks above his,head. My
turn was second. I knew the game,
as I had practiced it from the gharp
shooters’ point of view myself. I knew
the whole squad would be ready to
welcome me, so I started out to beat
Continued on Page 2, Column 6.
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can, Atlanta, Us. ;
Prime Object, That of Preventing
Means of Livelihood Reaching
Besieged, Is Overlooked, Ase
serts Famous Military Experts
Finds Four Reasons That Mighy
Explain the Imperfect Blocke
ade, but He Declares They
Show No Consistent Policyy
| By HILAIRE BELLOC,
Foremost Military Writer in Europes
The essentials of a siege are tha§
the operations of the besleged force
are confined to a restricted area by
the action of the besieging forces, 8
that it is the object of the besieged t®
force thelr way out and of the bes
slegers both to prevent the m
from forcing thelr way out, and grade
ually to contract the area withis
which the besieged are restricted o
thelr operation. 1
Subject to this definition, the pres<
ent phase of the war may be accu=
rately described as the siege upon an
enormous scale of the Germanic pows
ers.
A condition commonly but not necs«
essarily accompanying a slege is that
called the blockade. The essential of
a blockade i» that you prevent the
means of livellhood from reaching the
besieged, and also, of course, but as &
secondary matter, the opportunity
through munitions of continuing thele
resistance in arms, .
You may have a siege without &
blockade, as when an armed force is
s 0 restricted that it can not break out
and yet still possesses avenues of sup
ply, or is permitted some forms of
supply for political, religious or otl"
reasons by the besiegers. But you
could hardly have a blockade without
a slege, because no armed force
would permit itself to be starved If it
were able to cut its way out. :
True Siege; Imperfect Blockade.
Now, the present siege of the Ger
manies is remarkable for the fact
that It is a true siege accompanieg
by a very imperfect blockade. The
German and Austrian armies have
tried very hard indeed to force theis
way out through the lines that com
tain them in Frrance and Belgium and
Alsace, to master Serbla and get
a way out in that fashion, to break
through the Russian lines in the east,
They have hitherto falled in all these
attempts. But in the blockade which
‘ahould accompany such measures the
besiegers have shown no oconsistent
‘military policy.
I do not say that the besiegers have
not shown a consistent moral or po
litical policy; I only say that they
have shown no consistent military
policy.
If you desire to reduce your enemy
by blockade you prevent his getting
anything whatsoever of ich he
stands in need. The Romflin front
of Jerusalem, for instance, or the Ger
mans in front of Paris, in 1870, did
not say, “We will prevent arms get
ting through, but we will allow food,*
or, “We will prevent the food for sol
diers going in, but we will allow food
for civilians.” If they had adopted
such a policy they might just as well
not have had a blockade at all.
Germany Would Stop Food. /
If the (Gérman Empire had the luck
to cripple the British fleet it would
establish a blockade with these
islands. It would allow nothing to 8¢
through, for its alm would be the re
duction of the blockaded party.
If vou do not prevent everything
vou possibly can prevent from go
ing into the blogkaded area, then your
blockade is imperfect and will almost
certainly fail. You may have excel
lent moral, religious or political rea
sons for thusg running the risk of los
ing the war; but you have no military
reason. As a military operation, to
allow cotton, let us say, to 20 inte
Germany, and to forbid copper, ia
meaningless. What you are fighting
is the whole nation with all its re
sources, economic and social, and in
asmuch do vou increase the chances