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T HE very palace to which
Pharaoh's daughter took the
baby Moses and in which he
grew up has been found in Egypt.
Ita ruins have been laid bare by the
Eckley B. Cox Expedition, under the
leadership of Dr. Fisher, of Philadel
phia. operating under the auspices of
the University of Pennsylvania.
Excavations have been carried on
upon the site of the ancient Mem
phis. and at the very spot where
the work at first disclosed merely
an old Homan fort and the remains
of a Ptolemaic city, quite late in
date, was found the ruin of a great
palace, which has been identified as
having been built and occupied by
Rameses II., the Pharaoh who ruled
Egypt when Moses was born, and
who is best known as the Pharaoh
who oppressed the Israelites.
This oppression began before or
about the time of the birth
of Moses Not only were the Israel
ites oppressed with hard labor, build
ing up the store-cities of Plthom end
Raamses—the latter named after the
monarch—hut the Israelites were
commanded "Every son that is
born ye shall cast into the river,
and every daughter ye shall keep
alive." (Exodus 1:22).
It was in accordance with this
law that Jochebed, the mother c*
Moses, after keeping him with her
as long as she could, somo three
months, at last entrusted the infant
to the waves of the Nile. But she
evaded the law to tbe extent that
she put tile babe into a little box.
"daubed with slime and pitch." so
that it would not leak, and did not
put the box out in the current of the
stream, but placed it. near the bank,
among the tall bulrushes, which pre
vented it from floating away.
It has been suggested lately by
Professor Camden M. Coburn, of Al
legheny College. Meadville. I 1 *.. that
the mother of Moses was simply fol
lowing a very well known practise,
which had been observed by the
Semites for ages, tn abandoning her
offspring to the waters, for, accord
ing to the Babylonian myth, Sargon,
one of the earliest of the kings of
Babylonia, was abandoned to the
waters of the Euphrates when he
was & babe, by his mother. But tn
the case of Moses the abandonment
was by no means complete, for hts
mother was not satisfied Just to
place the ark In the hulrnshes. She
also set Miriam, his sister, to watch
over the Infant and ascertain who
would find him.
Then, the Bible relates: "And the
daughter of Pharaoh came down to
wash herself at the river; and her
maidens walked along by the river's
side; and when she saw the ark
among the flags, she sent her maid
to fetch it. And when she had
opened it she eaw the child: and
behold, the babe wept. And she had
compassion on him. and paid: This
Is one of the Hebrew's children."
(Exodus li. 5-6).
Then Pharaoh's daughter told
Miriam, when she approached, to
bring a nurse to take care of the
child, and naturally’, his sister
brought her mother, to whom the
princess said: "Take this child
away, and nurse it for me. and I will
jive thee thy wares." And further
the Bible states And the child
frew, and the brought him unto
Pharaoh’s daughter, and he became
her son." (Exodus 11, 10).
In these verses of the Biblical
narrative is the simple story of one
of the greatest events in the history
of man. when reckoned by conse
quences.
The adoption of Moses by Phar
aoh's naugnter "as her son" made
possible all of the rest of the history
of Moses and of the redemption of
Israel from Egyptian bondage, but
it also made possible the great lead
ership of Moses, which could hardly
have occurred otherwise.
At that time Egypt wns a great
centre of learning ard science. The
Pyramids had been built, and won
derful temples and palaces which
tell us even to-da.v of the great me
chanical skill, the astronomical ad
vancement. and the general high cul
ture which had been attained In
Egypt. But this culture was
not given to thn people It was the
policy of the ruling classes, the
Pharaohs and the priests, to keep
the mass of the people as ignorant
as possible that they might be the
more easily ruled, and kept in sub
Jectlon. All of the vast learning of
that day, and it probably extended
to a knowledge of electricity, of
much of modern chemistry, and
splendid philosophy and poetry, was
reserved for the Pharaohs and the
priests. The men. women and chil
dren were not even taught to read
and write
It is therefore very plain that the
adoption of Moses as the son of
the Princess meant everything in
the way of opportunity to him. He
was thus given a right to study
all of the secret learning—the
esoteric science—as It was called
df the priests and princes, and in
this way his mind was eximnded and
he was thoroughly equipped for his
life mission. Not only was he to
lead his people out, but he was to
become their great lawgiver, and
Egyptian learning was made to
serve tn preparing Moses for this
work, which was to stand for ages,
and still stands as the supreme ideal
of civilised mankind, especially in
the Ten Commandments, which are
Btill the moral code of the world.
The finding of this palace of
Hameses among the ruins of Mem
phis is of tremendous Importance,
for as the explorers go deeper into
the remains and bring to light all
that Is there, they may find not only
the room in which Moses lived for
forty years, whtle he was receiving
his education, hut at the same time,
many of the very statues and wall-
pictures which his eyes saw. and
more than possibly, some of the
very books from which he westered
the great learning of the Egyptians
The art of the Egyptians was still
at its best, for the statu of Rameses
II.. as .Crown Prince, carved out of
Mack granite, and ,ow In the Turin
Museum, is considered one of the
finest of Egyptian works of art. and
the colossal statues of the monarch
are held to be splendid likenesses.
It has been possible, by the de
cipherment of some of the inscrip
tions of Rameses to ascertain the
name of his favorite daughter, and
she was doubtless the one who
-dopted Moses. Her name was
Bint-Anath, hut in the Bible no name
H given to her
Rameses is set down by historians
as one of the greatest, if not the
very greatest of all the Pharaohs
He lived to the advanced age of
ninety, after reigning sixty-seven
years, until 1225 B. C He had
.cemented Into one an enormous em
pire. and he held many of the neigh
boring nations tributary.
He developed the great cities of
the Ntie-Delta. making Tunis a
powerful metropolis, with a splendid
temple. There he had erected that
wonderful monolithic statue of him
self, towering ninety feet In air,
weighting nine hundred tons Hts
enterprises in Asia compelled him
to strengthen the towns in the
northern part of hts kingdom, near
the Isthmus of Suez, and he built
that great store-rtty of Pithom. men
tioned tn the Bible as having been
built with the labor of the Israel
ites. half-way out to the Isthmus.
He and Sett founded a great city at
ita western end. Just north of Helio
polis, now known as Tell el-Yehudt-
yeh. the Mound of the Jew.
The great residence-city, which ha
called Per-Rameses. is identical w-ith
Tanis. near the Eastern frontier of
Egypt, and this became the seat of
The Daughter of Pharaoh Discovering the intant Moses, Lying in the Box, Which HU
Mother Had Entrusted to the River Nile.
plea, hut eaoh one was endowed. In
one of the inscriptions he relates
how he built the Ahydos temple, of
finest limestone, with granite door
posts and doors of copper, wrought
with silver-gold alloy, and that he.
established for the god "permanent
daily offerings, at. the beginning of
the seasons, all feasts at, all times,
and filled it with everything, over
flowing with food and provision,
bulls, calves, geese, oxen, bread,
wine, fruit. It was filled with peas
ant slaves, doubled in its fields,
made numerous in Its herds.
* * * * His treasury was filled
with every precious stone: Silver,
gold in blocks."
It was a wonderful reign of a
mighty monarch, and to be a prince
in his palace was a uniqup privilege.
Yet, in the most remarkable ■ way
in the world this was the good for
tune of Moses, and to judge by the
later results, he made the, greatest
possible use of ail the opportunities
spread out before him. ,
He lived there for forty years, get
ting everything that his teachers
could give him. yet not forgetting
that ne was a Hebrew, for he vrent
out to his own people, slew an
Egyptian whom he saw heating one
of his brethren, and in fact, had to
flee from Egypt, fearing that this
deed might become known to
Pharaoh.
To have found this palace is a
great achievement indeed, and the
world will await eagerly further ac
counts of what is brought to light
in its rains.
Your Father's Character at the Time
of Your Birth Will Be Yours Also
A Wall Carving Showing Pharaoh and .His Daughter, the
Foster-Mother of Moses, Receiving Tribute,
the Government, where all the royal
records were kept.
The wealth of Egypt at this time
was almost fabulous, or Rameses
would not have poured out the mill
ions which he lavished upon palaces
and temples. One of the most no
table of these was the Ramesseum,
at Thebes, which surpasses in its
colossal proportions all buildings
of the ancient or modern world.
Rameses had little respect for the
buildings erected by his predeces
sors, when he happened to need
stone for his own Temples. so he
helped himself to whatever he re
quired. even though he had to tear
down magnificent structures in so
doing
He loved most of all to erect
statues of himself. He put up an
other monolithic statue, towering
over the pylons of the Ramesseum
at Thebes, which weighed at least a
thousand tons. He marked every
jubilee in his long reign by the erec
tion of obelisks or 3tatues. putting
up no less than fourteen at Tanis.
We can hardly grasp the tremen
dousness of these enterprises, for
not onlv did h» build all these tem-
S CIENTIFIC studies of heredity
are showing some very Inter
esting and unexpected resultrf.
We know that the typical character
of a man undergoes variations at
different periods of a long life, and
that the son is likely to "take after"
his father. But we notice, often with
surprise, that capacities that were
dominant in a father, w-hich gave
him sometimes great reputation, fre
quently are entirely lacking In his
son.
I.iterarv distinction, genius In any
particular direction, which distin
guished a certain father are quite
frequently absent in the case of his
son. In wondering at this we fail
to take note of the period in the
father's life when he "made his
mark.” After patient investigation
science has come to the conclusion
that the son inherits from his father
only the qualities that were domi
nant at the time of his birth.
These conclusions are set forth in
the book called "Dynamic Evolution."
by Caspar L. Redfleld. recently pub
lished by G. P. Putnam's Sons. New
York and London. That author
writes:
“As a general proposition the man
between twenty and thirty is aggres
sive, ambitious and conceited. He
would rule the world with a club.
This stage gradually merges Into an
other so that as a general proposition
the man between thirty and forty is
In the artistic stage of life. He is a
lover of poetry, music, painting and
sculpture.
"The artistic stage gradually
merges into the practical stage, which
may be generally defined as between
forty and fifty. The practical man
looks at the dollars and cents, wishes
to Improve government, and has the
qualities of statesmanship. As he
passes beyond fifty into his older age
he becomes philosophic in his senti
ments and moral in his maxims.
"These different qualities are sim
ply dfferent, forms of one and the
same mental energy within the man,
and they are spread out through his
life much as red rays, yellow rays,
blue rays and violet rays, all from
the same white light, are spread out
by the spectroscope."
That the son will partake of the
father's type of mental energy that
was dominant, at the time of the son's
birth is shown to be substantiated
by history and biography. This
author presents a classified list of
world celebrities together with the
ages of their respective fathers at
the time of their birth. For example.
Alexander. Bonaparte. Charlemagne.
Grant, Hannibal Pompey and Roose
velt were all born when their fathers
were at the age of less than thirty-
one, the age of militarism and ag
gressiveness.
At the age of thirty-one to fortv,
the artistic age. their fathers pre
sented to the world such geniuses as
Bach, Beethoven. Goethe, Shake
speare. Raphael, Carlyle and others
of their status. In the list of states
men thesp were born when their
fathers were aged from forty-one to
fifty, Bismarck, Cato, Cromwell, Ma-
chiavelli. Webster. Great names in
philosophy born when their fathers
were over fifty-one are: Aristotle,
Bacon. Buddha. Confucius, Franklin.
Moses and Solomon-
"While men born in one of these
divisions,” writes this author, "may
show the type of character repre
sented in the next adjacent division,
above or below, the extremes do not
meet. No mild-mannered moralist of
the type represented by Buddha and
Confucius is found in the son of a
man less than thirty-one years of
age. and no aggressive military com
mander of the type of Alexander or
Napoleon is found in the son of *
man more than thirty-one years or
age."
It is remarked that Mohammed
whose father was twenty-five, though
a moralist and prophet, would rule
the world by the sword; also that)
General Robert E. Lee. whose father
was fifty-one. went to war because his
moral obligations forced him to do
so and not because he wanted to-
The Colossal Statue of Rameses II, Ninety Feet Tall, Weighing Over a
Thousand Tons.
The Very Palace in Which the
Great Leader of the Israelites
Was Educated and Prepared for
His Life’s Work Unearthed
at Memphis in Egypt
m
The Egyptian High Priest, Wearing the
Breast-Plate, Just as Described
in the Bible.