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This Edition oi The American
Cenaista of the Foliowino Sectional
1 — Late New*.
2— Society.
3— Editorial.
4— City Life, Sport*.
5— Magazine.
6— Cornice.
Be Sore You Get Them All
VOL. m. NO. 8.
(Copyright, 1918, by
The Georgian Company.)
★ ★
ATLANTA, GA., SUNDAY, MAY 30, 1015.
Mrs. Carman Plans to Go on Stage
To Work to Pay Debts of Trial
+•4* •!•••!* • ‘b v • *1* v*t
Regrets She Used a Dictograph
Mrs. Florence C. Carman, who is ready to go on the stage to
repay debts incurred in trial. From her most recent photograph.
Nude Models Will
Educate the Public
Chicago Club Will Repeat Startling
Exhibition to Give Masses Ar
tistic Mental Attitude.
EXPENSE OF
L
Administration Will Reintroduce
Measure Which Met Defeat in
Last Congress and Merry
Contest Is Expected to Result.
Ship Subsidy Advocates to Make
Counter Proposals, Saying
War Will Necessitate Vessels
to Handle the Larger Trade.
By JONATHAN WINFIELD.
WASHINGTON, May 29.—A great
battle over shipping and merchant
marine is to be fought In Congress
again next winter. The lines are now
being drawn for the fight, and a great
effort will be made to place the issue
before the American people In an ef
fective manner.
The Administration will reintroduce
the shipping bill which met defeat in
the last Congress. The advocates of
ship subsidy will make counter pro
posals and will concentrate their ar
guments on the fact that the Demo
cratic administration is now agreed
with them on the main point—that
American shipping must be rehabili
tated in view of the certain perma
nent expansion of American foreign
trade resulting from the European
war.
Has Largest Trade.
The ship tonnage of the world is
now apportioned in the following
manner: British, 53 per cent; Ger
man, 14 per cent; American, 9 per
oent. French, 5 per cent, and & few
others scattering. The supremacy of
Great Britain In shipping is not based
on any such overwhelming superiori
ty in commerce.
As a matter of fact, American ex
ports and imports at present are by
far the largest of any nation In the
world. For the fiscal year 1912-1913
they barely fell behind the total for
eign trade of Great Britain and all her
colonies.
At the present time American ship
ping carries less than 9 per cent of
our own foreign trade. Out of a total
of more than 45,000.000 gross tonnage
for the entire world Great Britain
carries a trifle less than half, more
than 5,000,000 are German, while only
a Tittle more than 2,000,000 are Amer
ican.
Wants Merchant Marine.
The Administration wants to build
up a merchant marine through gov
ernment ownership and operation.
The shipping interests believe the
same end can be attained through
government subvention. Various
methods have been proposed, but that
of Great 'feritaln, which uses a system
of mail contracts, is one upon which
most emphasis is being laid.
The United States Commissioner of
Navigation recently estimated that on
the principal ocean mail contracts be
tween England and the other parts of
the British Empire a yearly output of
$4,400,000 was made. Germany also
gives its ships a heavy subsidy for
carrying the mails.
These successful examples of ship
subsidy will be placed before the
American people in a supreme effort
to convert them to the subvention
doctrine. The Administration will be
equally arduous on behalf of its ship
ping measure. Between the two of
them a merry fight is promised.
John D. p Jr., Borrows
$1 in Washington
WASHINGTON. May 29.—John D.
Rockefeller, Jr., borrowed a dollar to
pay for a subscription to a Socialist
magazine. The solicitor ^as so persist
ent Mr. Rockefeller could not shake
him off.
Then when he went to pay for it he
found he didn’t have any money. L.
M. Bowers, former superintendent of the
Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, loaned
him the amount.
Willing to Give Sons
For Country’s Honor
GALVESTON, TEXAS. May 29.—A
proposal that the Texas Equal Suffrage
Association Indorse the women’s peace
party failed of adoption at the annual
convention. Mrs. Wendell Spence, vice
president of the Dallas association, said:
“1 am opposed to war. but if our
country Is subjected to insult I will
willingly give my four sons to assist in
wiping out that insult
Mrs. Florence Conklin Carman, ac
cused and acquitted of the. murder of
Mr8. Louisa Bailey in the office of
Dr. Carman, gave out her own spe
cial!!/ prepared statement <m the case.
In part it follows:
By MRS. FLORENCE C. CARMAN.
Naturally, I am very' much elated
over the result of my second trial, and
feel that justice has at last prevailed.
Nevertheless, my past sufferings have
left an Indelible impression upon me,
and. although I might not show It
outwardly, still I am conscious my
constitution is far weaker than before
this homicide, and my nerves are al
most shattered.
It is, of course, with deep regret
that I look to the time when I in
stalled and purchased the dictograph.
Even now I can not realize why it was
such a terrible thing to do. I was sus
picious and curious, due to the many
remarks I had heard concerning my'
husband. I would have regarded It as
contemptible if my purpose was mere
ly eavesdropping and if I had no defi
nite aim in view except to overhear
what the doctor might say to his pa
tients in a professional w r ay.
When I heard him speaking profes
sionally I always put the receiver of
the dictograph down, as I regarded
such conversations as sacred and as
statements which I absolutely had no
right to know anything about.
“Not Great Jealousy.”
I think the jurors thoroughly under
stood it was not great jealousy which
prompted its installation, but curios
ity to determine wheyier rumors
which I heard were correct or not.
On July 3, 1914, the coroner’s In
quest was started, and I did not hesi
tate to take the witness stand at a
place where the District Attorney had
full sway, where I could not be pro
tected by any counsel and where the
District Attorney could ask me any
questions which he desired.
Celia Coleman also testified before
the Coroner. T was not even present
when she testified, and she. walked
home alone, so that It is quite obvious
that no influence on the part of any
member of the Carman household
could have been exercised over her at
tha t time
Upon the tent mony of an'unreliable
Praises Husband, and Urges Solution of Murder
of Mrs. Bailev.
person I was committed to jail.
The Grand Jury brought in an in
dictment of manslaughter in the first
degree against me on July 17. 1914,
and I was admitted to bail by Judge
Sicklen.
In September I was surprised to
learn that by a second Grand Jury I
had been indicted for murder In the
first degree in a superseding indict
ment, and I was again committed to
jail to await trial.
The uncertainty which confronted
me while the jury was out was some
thing I hope no living mortal will
have to endure.
As the second trial approachd, Mr.
Graham, Mr. Levy, Dr. Carman and
myself had a consultation in Mr. Gra
ham’s office, and it was mutually
agreed that Mr. Levy should try the
case. There was no friction between
Mr. Graliam and Mr. Levy, or between
Dr. Carman, Mr. Graham and myself.
The jury’s “Not guilty” was like
music to my ears.
Nerves Break Down.
Since the trial I have been at my
home at Freeport and have suffered a
nervous breakdown. When I look back
now I can not realize how I went
through so much.
My wish Is that the citizens of Nas
sau County will insist that the Dis- ,
trict Attorney continue to show as
much energy in clearing up the mys
tery surrounding the death of poor
Mrs. Bailey as he has done In prose
cuting me.
I have placed the disposition of my
services for professional work In the
hands of a reputable New York man
ager, and I feel he will wisely shape a
couTse for me that will aid me to hon
estly return the money that this un
just accusation has cost my relatives
and friends. I sincerely trust that a
fair-minded public will look upon my
temporary adoption of a stage career
not as a desire for notoriety, but sim
ply as the quickest method of paying
my debts.
When mv debts are paid I will set
tle down and devote the rest of my life
to my husband and my daughter Eliz
abeth, on whose little shoulders fell
the heaviest burden of the case, and
who at the age of 10 years was called
upon to save her mother’s life
Advocates of Law Curtailing
Spread of Information Limit
ing Families Clash With Ex
perts Insisting Upon Its Repeal
Movement to Abolish Measure Led
by Dr, Abraham Jacobi—An
thony Comstock Says Action
Would Lead to Immorality.
By GRACE PHELPS.
NEW YORK, May 29— Nation-
wide interest has been suddenly
aroused in the movement to repeal
the law r prohibiting the spread of in
formation that will result In curtail
ment in the production of families.
All over the country scientific and
lav minds are at grapples over the
subject, with the partisans of both
sides of the problem unhesitatingly
outspoken in approval or denuncia
tion.
Dr. Jennie V. H. Baker, of the Me
morial Hospital for Women and Chil
dren, Brooklyn, is one of the oppo
nents of the efforts to repeal the law
forbidding the spread of information
leading to family limitation.
“I am absolutely opposed to at
tempts at birth control,'* said Dr.
Baker. “I do not care to give my
reasons, but you may put me down
for an unqualified NO!”
Dr. Abraham Jacobi, world-known
as an authority on children's diseases,
Is one of the leaders of the Birth Con
trol Committee. Dr. Jacobi did not
hesitate to support his partisanship
when asked.
Would Control Marriages.
“The congestion of population has
proved dangerous even when the na
tion consist of normal individuals,
originally healthy and competent,
said Dr. Jacobi. “The case is much
worse when unhealthy sick, sickly or
infested and contagious children are
born. It should be punishable by law'
for persons affected by bad heredi
tary influences to prorogate their ail
ments.
“It is important that this unjust
law regarding the limitation of chil- j
dren should be repealed at the ear
liest possible moment. It is Impor
tant that useful teaching be not crip
pled. that personal freedom be not In
terfered with, that the independence
of marred couples be protected. It
is important that families be safe
guarded in regard to health and com
fort. and that the future children of
the nation be prepared for competent
and comfortable citizenship.’’
Our Morality Safe.
Anthony Comstock, president of the
Society for the Prevention of Vice,
recently stated that the repeal of this
law' would lead to immorality.
Dr. William J. Robinson, president
of the American Society of Medical
Sociology, said:
“There is a class of people who be
lieve we are all essentially wicked.
They believe the only thing that re
strains us from committing all the
crimes on the calendar Is the fear of
consequences. X should like to re
mind such persons that capital pun
ishment In England for stealing a loaf
of bread did not prevent a hungry
man from stealing.
“What keeps our unmarried women
moral is the general bringing up, the
general and religious education, the
custom of the country, hereditary in
fluence and the general monogamous
tendency of the female.
Cause of Late Marriages.
“One of the chief causes of late
marriages with their attendant evils,
is the fear of having to support not
a wife, for two can often live as
cheaply as one, not two or three chil
dren, but a possible ten! The spread
of information on family regulation
would Induce many men to get mar
ried much earlier than they other
wise would and it would decidedly
diminish the number of bachelors and
old maids.
“Our opponents ask, ‘Do you not
admit that there are people who with
this knowledge would shirk the re
sponsibility of parenthood altogeth
er? I answer ‘yes,’ but I hasten to
add that it is better for the race that
such people should remain childless.
In time by such processes, such peo
ple would be eliminated from the
race.
“From (he bottom of my heart I
pity the children that are bom Into
the world against their parents' dis
tinct wishes."
CHICAGO. May 29.—R. V. Brown,
president of the Palette and Chisel
Club, has announced that the exhibi
tion of professional models given at
the club headquarters will be repeat
ed in a Loop theater as soon as ar
rangements for the production ca> be
made.
"There is nothing suggestive in the
nude,” Mr. Brown said. “It is the half-
draped figure that should be sup
pressed. No one could take exception
to the poses of the Bort on the pro
gram before a group of artists. It re
mains to educate the public to an ar
tistic mental attitude.”
Professional models posed several
old masterpieces and some new ones.
An improvised stage at one end of the
cluibroom had been fitted to represent
a huge frame. Across the frame was
stretched a sheet of fine gauze.
The room was darkened. Then on
the other side of the gauze appeared
the rosy light of a dawn 'effect. This
was the “Awakening of Spring." All
the young women were awake and
dressed in $1,000 worth of electric
light and one set of epidermis each.
Believed Dead, Comes
Back to Claim Estate
BOSTON, May 29.—The full bench of
the Supreme Judicial Court will decide
whether Charles C. Jones, who was
thought to be dead, but who, after
wandering about the world from 1879 to
1913. now seeks to reverse a decree
of the Norfolk Probale Court, made
in 1901, may maintain a petition to that
efTect.
His mother died in 1900 and he was
entitled to $12,754.91 from her estate.
A year after her death It was repre
sent^ that Jones was dead and the
money was divided among his three
.sons by a decree of Judge Flint. If
Jones is able to have the decree re
versed it will give him an opportunity
to begin proceedings to recover the
money.
IN LIFE AND
But Cost of Armed Clash With
Germany Would Far Over
shadow Previous Setbacks,
Experts in Washington Claim.
National Tax Laws of Past Being
Studied by Treasury Officials.
Country Paid a Total of
$6,237,965,701 for Civil War.
$1,000,000 Bride’s
Drama Venture Fails
PHILADELPHIA, May 29 —Mrs. Keith
Donaldson, one-time “Million Dollar
Bride." and “Little Mary Mack" have
come back, but not in the usual mean
ing of the phrase.
"Little Mary Mack” Is, or was. a mu
sical comedy, in which Mrs. Donaldson
starred. The show, rehearsed in this
city, played twice at Wilmington, went
to Scranton and Harrisburg and went
on a reef at Wilkes-Barre. Attach
ments on the scenery and trunks have
been filed by several persons to whom
the company is said to owe money.
Edison Would Have
U. S. Warn Voyagers
NEW YORK, May 29.—Thomas A.
Edison, In a talk in his laboratory in
Orange, said:
“I feel the deepest horror over the
destruction of the Lusitania. Why should
not our Government warn all Americans
not to go abroad except in American
ships? If then Germany fails to have
proper regard for American rights we
can retaliate.
“We can harm her more by boycott
ing her and helping her enemies than
we can by fighting her.”
Wills 1 Cent Each to
His Son and Daughter
NEW YORK, May 29.—Out of an es
tate of $160,000, William J. Cooke, a
Richmond Hill leather merchant, be
queathed l cent and his parental affec-
tlon to his son, Dr. Tyler 6. Cooke,
and his daughter, Margaret Gordon
Cooke, a nun In St. Mary's Convent,
Peeksklll. The bulk of the estate is
left to his widow.
The testator held they were amply
provided for.
Witchcraft Charges
Win Husband Decree
NORRISTOWN, PA.. May 29.—Believ
ing his wife was influenced by witch
craft or was “hexed" to leave him,
William A. Evans applied for divorce
from her. The courr granted the di
vorce.
The master. W. B. Conver, reports
the “hex" testimony of the husband to
the court, but makes his own deductions
that the woman just got tired of liv
ing with her husband after six years.
DixieBeauty andBich
Fiance Break Match
CHICAGO, May 29.—The engagement
of the young Chicago millionaire, Rich
ard Reed, now in business at Phoenix,
Arlz.. and Miss Martha Downs, a South
ern beauty, daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
William P. Downs, of Shreveport, has
been broken. It Is reported here.
A lover's quarrel Is given as the rea
son. A reconciliation is likely, how
ever friends lav
WASHINGTON, May 29.—The pos
sibility of war between this country
and Germany and the vast trail of
national expenditure that might fol
low has set members of Congress
who are In the city to looking up sta
tistics concerning the cost of wars in
the past, particularly those of the
Civil War and the brush with Spain.
I^arge as was the total cost of the
war between the States, public of
ficials estimate that it would become
small by comparison If the United
States were drawn into the vortex
and compelled to put an army In the
field and undertake actual military
operations.
In the War of'the Revolution the
total forces engaged amounted to
309,781; in the war w-ith Great Britain
in 1812 the total force amounted to
576,622; in the war with Mexico,
112,23ft. The entire number engaged
in the Civil War aggregated 2,772,408.
In the Spanish-American war the
number of men put into the field was
274-717, but of these only about
60,000 troops were actually engaged.
Figures supplied by the Adjutant
General's office show that in the Civil
War there were 349,944 deaths from
various causes. In the Confederate
army there were, according to the
best figures obtainable. 133,821 deaths.
The Confederate troops captured 212,-
I 608 of their opponents, and the Union
| troops captured 476,169 of the Con
federates.
Jump in Public Debt.
The total interest-bearing debt of
the United States in 1860, before the
outbreak of the rebellion, amounted to
$64,640,838; in 1861 It jumped to $90,-
380,873, and the following year to
$366,304,826. The war debt approach
ed three-quarters of a billion In 1863,
and reached the high w'ater mark
August 31, 1865, when the total inter
est-bearing debt touched the huge
sum of $2,381,530,294. At the same time
the total national debt, including that
which bore no interest, aggregated
$2,844,649,026. This interest-bearing
[ debt remained above two billions until
1871, and by 1897 had been reduced to
$847,365,130.
The Spanish-American war again
ran It up, the highest point, $1,046,-
048,760. being reached In 1899. For
1914 the total Interest-bearing debt
is $967,953,310, with an annual inter
est charge of $22,891,497 Jn 1S6.'> tho
annual interest on the war debt
amounted to 9U0,477,M7. This, nat
urally, has fallen with the principal;
but In the period between 1864 and
1897, just before the war with Spain,
the American people had paid in In
terest a grand total of $2,713,316,675,
a sum that represents almost the en
tire amount of the national debt caus
ed by the Civil War.
First Big War Tax.
The act of July 1, 1862, to meet the
expenses of the Civil War was the
foundation for the present internal
revenue system. It contained the first
Income tax law from which tax was
collected. It taxed practically every
thing that was capable of being taxed.
Nearly every occupation w’as taxed,
with the exception of ministers of the
gospel and schoolmasters. Manufac
tures of nearly all kinds were taxed.
It appears from the best obtainable
information at the Treasury Depart
ment that (luring the years 1861 to
1866, or the duration of the Civil War,
approximately $680,000,000 was col
lected from internal revenue taxa
tion.
Add this sum to the high-water
mark of the national debt on August
31, 1865, amounting to $2,844,649,026.
and the interest charge for the 26-year
period, and we find that the total cost
of the Civil War to the Government
footed the enormous total of $6,237,-
965,701. This, of course, does not take
into consideration the vast expendi
tures made by the South out of its
treasury, nor the huge destruction of
property and loss in earning capacity
of the entire country.
Cost $5,000,000 a Day.
In addition to the bond Issue of
$198,792,600 on account of the Span
ish-American War the people paid in
“war taxes" a total of $380,371,764.67,
making the extra burden of taxation
to the American people on account of
that small affair amount to $579,164.-
424. This war began April 21, 1898,
and ended December 10 the same year.
Hostilities actually ceased August 13,
1898.
Hostilities continued, therefore, ex
actly 115 days, and the cost of that war
upon this basis was a triflp ‘over $;>,
00^,000 for pai’h dav of that period
ITALY.’S foremost fighting
■*" men. King Emmanuel,
who will lead his own
army, is shown above. Below
is the Duke of the Abruzzi,
head of the navy, who is fa
vorably known in the United
States beeause of his ardent
though unsuccessful courtship
of Miss Katherine Elkins.
I i
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/~n1
m
Ex-Gov. Cox Turns
Laborer; Foils Strike
Former Tennessee Executive Fires
Big Lime Kiln on Farm When
Workers Quit.
BRISTOL, TENN., May 2.—Former
Governor John L Cox, of Tennessee,
settled a strike among laborers en
gaged in burning a large lime kiln
on one of his farms In this county by
stripping off his coat, donning his
son’s overalls and Jumping into the
task of firing the big mass of lime
stone.
The laborers worked amicably until
the kiln was constructed and the fires
kindled. Taking advantage of a sit-
ua^n they thought would assure
them a substantial increase In w'ages,
every man walaed out and demanded
more money.
“Gentlemen,” said the ex-Governor,
“you were content to work until you
had advanced this kiln to a point
where you felt your services were in
dispensable. I will pay you for what
you have done, but will not need you
further in this connection."
With this statement, the ex-Gov-
ernor went immediately at his task.
When his son brought new men. the
ex-Governor made up his mind he
would be no quitter, so he continued
to feed the furnaces until the lime
stone crumbled Into flakes of pure
lime. His neighbors commend him
for his stand.
BIG CROP OUTLOOK.
BRISTOL. TENN., May 27.—Crop
conditions In upper East Tennessee
are unexcelled The season has been
ideal thus far The wheat has sel
dom looked rnor» promising
Kaiser Making Strong Offensive
but Will Be Unable to Push
Gains Because of Lack of
Troops, Declares War Expert.
Filling of Gaps With Final Re
serves Explains Recent Vic
tories in West, but Close For
mation Means Failure Finally.
By HILAIRE BELLOC.
(Foremost Military Writer of Europe.)
The last week was the beginning of, ]
that critical period in the war indi
cated as due in the late spring or early
summer.
Briefly, the lost reserves of the ent«<
my are beginning to appear In the j
flbld. He is undertaking his last of
fensive (though no longer with supe
rior numbers) in the west.
Under the momentum of that of
fensive he has achieved three loc&i
successes of very different values. ’ ]
none of which has as yet any decisive
character. The two lesser ones, In
the Vosges and in the Woevre, we may
neglect for the moment. His offensive
In Flanders, around Ypres, Is upon
another scale.
In order to comprehend this offen- ,
sive, which he has just undertaken,
and undoubtedly intends to maintain 4|
(at great expense to himself), let us J
recapitulate certain main elements.
2,500,000 Men to Call.
In the German Empire alone (ex
cluding Austro-Hungary) we esti- ;
mated some two and a half million at
the most, probably more like two mil
lion men, really available for fighting,
over and beyond the numbers of
trained men which the empire could
put into the field In the first two
months of the war— say by October 15.
Supposing this estimate to be accu
rate within its rough limits, we note
that the German Empire has a maxi
mum training capacity of some 800,.
000 men. It was to be presumed,
therefore, t hat, generally speaking, the ,j
forces of the German Empire du r ingr
the war would pass through a sort of
rhythmic movement, diminishing un* ,
der the losses of the first stage, swell
ing again when the earliest of the
newly trained hatches arrived, dimin- if
lshing again by farther losses and
then swelling again as a further hatch
of newly trained men came In—and
so on.
Now. If we admit 800,000 as the '
maximum number of men which Ger
many can train at any moment, and
if we compare this with, say, 2,400,-4 j
000, It was to be expected that in the
course of the war three principal ac
cessions of strength would be appar- .
ent in the forces of the German Em
pire alone, exclusive of those
ally. JT1
Last Accession Is Made.
Upon the appearance of the thir
these accessions of strength, the
effort of the enemy would have t #
launched and no more was to foil*
It is evident that we are now <
tering this period of the third and Is
accession of strength to the enemy. J
How he is using this last reserve w
can not yet tell. Much of it must al
ready have been drafted in to fill gaps, |
much of It may be on the Hungarian
side. Perhaps he is planning another
stroke In North Poland when the finer
weather has dried up the mud.
But of one thing we can be certain:
He is using a very considerable pro
portion of his new strength in, Flan
ders and upon other points on the
western front. And that is the expla
nation of all the news that we have
been receiving during the last few
days, and that wd shall continue to
receive for some time to come, in
cluding a very possible stroke south
of Lille..
Upon the analogy of what the
Germanic force did in the past we
may expect repeated attacks in close
formation and losses far superior to j
those of the defense.
Play for High Stakes.
Whether we may expect the final
failure of these blows and the securs
resistance of the line against which
they are directed only the future i
show, but if this Issue la achi*
then we can confidently predict that
the decline following upon It will be
very dampening.
The enemy can not but. play now
for high stakes, and attempt at a
very great expense of men, to obtain
n-litionjs favorable %a pneatbt* 1