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VOL. 111. NO. 27,
—
Scientific Means to Locate Sub
* marine One of the Most Im
portant Tasks, Says Dr. Ar
\
thur Webster, Noted Authority.
New Engine for Submarines and
Battleships and Gyroscope
Must Be Developed, Declares
Member of Board. ‘
By DRARTHUR GORDON WEB
STER.
(Member Naval Advisory Board, pro- |
fessor of physics in Clark Universi
ty, scientist of international reputa
tion.)
BOSTON, Oct. 3.~"H0w can y»
tell, at present, the position of an en
emy's submarine ™
You can not. The ;nnwr is simple
enough as things are, and if they were
different the Germans would not be
having things so much thelr own way
on the high sea. Possibly this single
problem of locating & submarine Is
one of the most important naval prod
lems of the day. On its solutibn, then,
will depend the success of a large pro
portion of & nations maritime activ
ity
Various solutions have been sug
gested. There is the idea of sending
out sound waves under the water and
measuring the time required for their
echo to reach the sender. This sug
gestion is based on scientific facis
that are known.
But at the same time I belleve, &s
a result of my own studies in sound,
that such a method could never be
practicable in actual war. It might Go
for an lceberg, but not for an object
16 small as a submarine.
Must Keep on Alert,
There have been other solutions of.
sered, too. That none of these seems
to me at the moment practicable does
not alter the fact that the problem is
a vital one. y
I personally have no solution to of -
fer in a case like this. 1 will say—but
anyone might say this—that the best
hopes of success seem NOw to be in
keeping numbers of small, swift mo
tor boats on the alert everywhere,
armed with light guns of sufficient
power to frighten undersea craft. It
is not a very sensational solution, but
perhaps the best that can be done for
somne ume.
One of the great problems—speak
ing broadly—is to organize theory so
it may yield practical results, It is
just here, as you suggest and as the
world knows, that the Germans sur
pass us.
Germans Lead in Wireless.
Look at my bookshelves; that is
the best book there on wireless teleg
raphy. It is that volume by Zenneck,
the man who has been one of the ex
perts for the German wireless com
pany, with its station at Sayville.
Now, you would expect the Mar
soni Company, with the start it had
on all others in the matter of time, to
ne far ahead of the others. It is not.
r'he Germans have caught up, and
just a little more,
Why is it? It is on account of their
thorough, unrelenting study of theo
ry. See where it has placed them. We
rather tend to despise theory in this
country, vet we can not afford to. You
might ask, how does this bear on the
navy? Well, the navy employs wire
less and the mathematical physicist
studies wireless waves and their
propagation. It is the organization
and application of what she theorist
knows that may help the navy in un
told ways.
Eastland Disaster.
Take another concrete example that
has come before the public very re
cently—l mean the Eastland disaster.
Why did the Eastland turn over? Be
cause—as every man who has any
knowledge of hydrostatics could have
told—she was improperly designed
and had her ballast in the wrong
place.
This sort of accident will happen
again and again, because the theo
retical knowledge that scientistg pos
sess is not applied effectively to prac
tical problems. Does the theory of
hydrostatics, now, affect the navy?
Certainly—in more ways than I could
enumerate.
There are some problems that will
not easily yield to scientific study,
others that will. Perhaps it is not
Continued on Page 6, Column 5.
- War Problems
| Yet To Be Solved
§ How to locate a hostile subma-
Imn.
Mow to make “safe™ storage
tmmwm
| Hew to drive a submarine with
ElWonflnf’
| The perfection of wireless tel
| agraphy.
| The dpvelopment of the gyre
| scope.
{ The gyroscope stabilizer for
| seroplanes.
. The gyroscope as applied to the
| torpedo.
| The torpedo contrelied from the
ém
. The development of the gas en
f.lmhmlnmuhln.
|
Penrod Lost; Found
- Reading of Himself
Booth Tarkington's Nephew, Proto
type of Fiction Character, Gives
Mother a Scare. |
PR
NEW YORK. Oct. §.—Master Booth
Tarkington Jameson, son of Mrs. Ovid
Butler Jameson, sister of Booth Tark
ington, author. caused his mother
much worry in the McAlpin Hotel
Master Jameson is about 12 years old,
and is sald to be the original Penrod
Schofield. He hag lots of his own ideas,
and has been delighted with New
York City since coming from his
home in Kennebunkport, Maine. He
knows most of the bellboys, porters
and so forth, in the McAlpin,
Mre. Jameson was ready to go o
the station to leave on the noon train
for Indianapolls. She suddenly real
ized that Booth Tarkington Jameson
was not In the apartment. The de
tectives were sent out on the hunt. M
Denison, the head detective of the Me.
Alpin, chanced to ask gomebody at the
news stand. Yes, they had seen Booth
Tarkington Jameson. He was right
behind the newspaper counter read.
ing the latest story by his uncle. They
got the train by a minute.
'
Dumba's Broth
[ S .er a
Railway Section Hand
MISSOULA, MONT., Oct. 98-~
Though his brother, Dr. Constantin
Dumba, has held the highest diplo
matic posts in the service of Austria,
Alex Dumba is an ordinary hard
working section hand on the Northern
Pacific Railroad. He has been in the
United States three years, and re
cently has been at St. Regis, near
here.
Dumba was dnied advantages given
to the elder Dumba, whose recall from
the position of Washington envoy was
recently asked by Secretary Lansing.
Dumba and his fellow section hands,
ail Austrians, are outspoken in their
condemnation of Lansing for his ac
tion.
.
Watch Lost in War
Returned to Veteran
WASHINGTON, Oct. 9.—Private
'George Rovillard, aged G. A. R. vet
eran, was made happy by the return of
a silver watch which was confiscated
from him fifty years ago by Lieutenant
W. D. Colvin, Confederate veteran.
When Colvin and Rovillard met here
for the first time in fifty years they
immediately recognized each other. The
“Confed"” said:
~ “Now, ‘Yank,' here is your silver
watch and a very pretty u\lver link
chain 1 made with my own hands, I
will make you a present of the chain
‘as interest for the use of the watch
idurlnz the last fifty years.”
Negro Wouldn't Work
'For $8 Day; Arrested
| )
l HAYS, KANS,, Oct. 9.—Charley Line
}berger, a negro, did not make sls a day
this harvest—the law got him. In 1813
‘Charley worked nineteen days in Ellis
‘County at sls a day. In 1914 he worked
’elght days in Russell County at $i a
day. This year, due to the rank growth
of the wheat stalk, the best he could
do was $8 a day, and he turned his at
tention to a quicker mode of making
money. Sheriff Davis and his deputy,
Jack Watkins, raided a box car game
near Walker and Charley is now in jail
‘on a plea of guilty to the charge of
gambling.
. . .
Arizona Livery Co.
Ejected as Squatters
GRAND CANYON, ARIZ, Oct. 9.—
The conditions of the frontier days
were approached at Grand Canyon,
Ariz.,, when Ralph Cameron, former
territorial delegate to Congress from
Arizona, and supported by a contingent
sald to number fifteen, forcibly ejected
H. Wyatt, of the Arizona Livery Com
pany, from the premises which Cam
eron claims, but which the United
States Government contests.
The County Attorney and Sheriff are
now on the ground, and the Governor
has been notified.
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Compulsory Military Education
Advocated by Massachusetts
.
| Executive.
\
e—
- . - ah
Civil Service Positions Open Only
to Those Who Have Served
Full Time.
BOSTON, Ocf. 8. —~Governor Walsh
appeared before the commission on
military education and preparedness
at the statehouse and made a num
ber of recommendations for Improve
ments in our system of military ed
geation and tralning His recom
mendations have attracted wide at
tention and commendation by military
men in New England
The Governor's recommendations
follow
“1. Compulsory education of all
male children over 14 years of age
attending schools in the following
military matters—not only wigh the
end in view of preparation for the
duties of citizen soidiers in later life,
but as we!l for the physical and men
tal development of the Boys: |
“{a) Military calisthenics as taught
at West Point. |
“(b) Milltary history
“(c) Military mntap reading and
sketches "
“{d) Personal hygiene |
“({e) Sanitation in camp, home and
clity.
“(#) School of the soldier and the
company, without arms. Simple move
ments ‘
“(g) Mag signaling
“(h) Telegraphy. |
“(1) First aid to the injured,
“(4) No boys to be given rufik high
er than lleutenant. |
“{k) One week in camp
Enlistment Encouraged.
“2 That all young men, sons of cit
{zens of Massachusetts, be en« ouraged
to enlist in the militia We should
have 20,000 men at least in our State
militia. The following methods are
suggested to assist in keeping the en. |
listments of the militia adequate: |
“(a) Teaching in schools and rnl-i
leges the honorable character of this
public service; co-operation of bus!-
ness, fraternal and public-spirited or- |
ganizationsi, encouragement from
public authorities, State and munici
pal. |
“{b) Teaching in schools and col
leges the rea! facts in our military
history, with the end in view of em
phasizing the necessity of every citl
zen possible being prepared by train-.
ing for service.
“(¢c) As a means of encouraging
enlistment and service in the militia
I would abolish the payment of poll
taxes for the remainder of life of any
citizen who has served three full
years in the State militia and recelved
an honorable discharge.
Civil Service Preferment.
“(d) Only those who have served
in the militia shall be eligible for em
pioy as policemen, firemen, letter car
riers, clerks, etc., by national, State
and municipal governments, of
course, such a regulation could only
become operative after present civil
service lists have been exhausted, and
indeed the date of its operation would
have to be fixed for several years dis
tant.
| “(e) Your commission should rec
ommend the passage by Congress of
the so-called ‘pay bill,” which provides
for an annual payment of 350 to mili.
tlamen who attend certain prescribed
idrmz;. etc.
‘ “(f) That men who have completed
their service in the militia be enrolled
in a reserve, The length of service
in the reserve, the training and the
remuneration for keeping themselves
in touch with military matters and
military authorities to be studied and
worked out by your commission, and
¢ome military official, such as the Ad
jutant General, The training of the
reserve should be sufiicient to ke=p
them avallable for second-line de
fense. e
Organizations as Feeders.
“(g) Semimilitary organizations en
couraged and brought under the di
rection of military department, given
the use of armories under proper re
strictions, and used as feeders for reg
ular militia.
“(h) Remove one of the embarrass
ments in the development of the mili
tia by providing that they shall not be
required to do strike duty. This duty
could be performed by the State and
local police.
«3, Adopt a policy of either having
the individual pay for necessary citi
zen soldiery or serve himself. Place
the burden of the expense of develop
ing and maintaining a citizen soldlery
on those who do not serve, and ex
empt from this tax those that are in
the militia or reserve and comply
with the national or State military
requirements. Some system of th:s
kind might be worked out that would
dist_ribute the military duty absolutely
equitably without the necegsity of
compulsory military service.
“4, Recommend that the militia be
placed under Federal control.”
ATLANTA. GA. SUNDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1915
|
'Thomas Jefferson
|
Upheld Water Wagon
e |
Famous American’s Letter, Advie
ing College Men on Diet. s
Gift to Marvard, |
BOSTON, Oct, 3--Gifts 0 lhl"
vard University aguregating $155.-
691,74 and & letter writiefh by Thomas
Joftersen from Monticello in 1719 rel
ative to a diet for undergraduates
{have heen announced The letter is
the gift of J. Randoiph Coolidge, of
For breakfast” wrote Mr. Jeffer
son, “wheat or corn bread at the
cholce of each particular, with but
ter and milk or coffee au lait, at lbo}
cholce of each. No meat. |
“For dinner—A soup: & dish of salt
|meat, & dish of fresh meat and as
great a variety of vegetables, well
cooked, as you please. |
“For supper—Corn or wheat bread
at their choice, and milk or coffes ay
lait, also at their choice, but no meat.
“Their drink at all times water, a
young stomach needing no stimulat
ing drinks and the habit of using them
being dangerous. And ! should rec
ommend as late a dinner as the nnui
of their school will admit. No game
of chance to be permitted In the
house.™ :
!
Banker's Daughter
Shoots Coins in Air
LOS ANGELES, Oct. %A new
way of getting rid of one's money has
been ilntroduced to Pasadenans by
Miss Dorothy Eckhardt, of Taylor
Texas, who has become the envy f
all the guests at the Maryland Ho
tel because of her feats in marks
manship. Miss Eckhardt can hit sli
ver dollars with a revolver as they
are thrown into the alr.
Miss Eckhardt, who is the daughter
of Robert J. BEckhardt, banker, of
Texas, first attained notoriety in Pas
lmnn when she shot a dollar through
{the window of one of the hotel bel
‘roomu. startling the occupant. She
tried to repeat the feat and the fright
ened guest appealed to the manage
ment for help. . |
Since then Miss Eckhardt has re
moved her shooting gallery from the
hotel grounds to the outskirts of the
city, taking her admirers with her. |
At Last! Uncle Sam 1
.
Recognizes Oysters
WASHINGTON, Oct. s.-—"Oyner-.‘
the food that has not gone up,’” is the
title of the Government's lategt cook |
book, Issued through the Bureau of]
Fisheries. It contains 100 regipes for
preparing the bivalve, as well as a m-!
tle of their history, written by H. H.
Moore, Deputy Commissioner of Fish
eries. 1
“An animal food that practically has
not increased In cost for twomy-flvel
yvears, and the production of which has
kept pace with the growth of popull~‘
tion,” Moore says, ‘is a present-day
anomaly worthy of public attention; es
pecially when its price brings it wllhln‘
the reach of all and its excellence
leaves little to be desired. This Is the
l\llc of the oyster.” l
|
120 Crops on Acre at
I . .
U. 8. Farm Exhibit
JACKSON, MISBS., Oct. 9.—Uncle
Sam is going to give a demonstration
in scientific farming at the Mississippi
State Fair In October. It will take
place on a sure-enough farm, in order
that tillers of the soil may see with their
own eves the merlts and advantages
of intensified and diversified agriculture,
The demonstration farm at the State
Fair Grounds is now being prepared
for cultivation under the direction of
Professor P. P. Garner, district agent.
On a tract of land about 1 acre in
extent, the visitors will find about twon-l
ty crops in various stages of growth.
Agricultural experts will be on hand
each day to deliver brief lectures at
‘uuted intervals, |
.
Bowling Green Is
.
Best ‘Twin Zone'
’ BOWLING GREEN, MO, Oct. 9.—
Speaker Champ Clark has found the
banner twin-producinz zone of the en
tire country. It's in his own district,
of course.
. I want Colonel Roosevelt to visit the
lcommunity and make proper recogm-l
tion,” is the way he winds up his her
alding announcement, l
The center of the zone is High Pdint,
Montgomery County. In the last sews
years twelve set of twins have been
born in a radius of 2% miles from High
Point. 1
.
@Girl to Run U-Boat:
Gauntlet With Cupid
YORK, PA., Oct. 9.—Miss Florence‘
Harding, of Burslan, Staffordshire, Eng-‘
land, will run the gantlet of German‘
submarines to come to this country to
marry Philip R. E. Lever, a photogra
pher, of this city. |
In a letter received by Lever from his
fiancee, she says she realizes the danger
|ln making the trip to America, but isg
not afraid. The marriage will take place
Friday, September 24,
———
Tired of Giving Bridal Showers
for Successful Matrimonial
Candidates.
l
’PLAN WINTER ‘CAMPAIGN'
;lamod Clubwomen Mystified by
~ New Organization's First
‘ .
| Coup.'
| SABASHMA, KANS, Oct. 3.—An
organization of spinsters has been
formed in this town. Miss Georgia
Hook, for years sociely Teporter on
The Sabetha Herald, heads the “an
tique spinsters’ club™ as the terms
it. and is emphatic in her denial that
any of the 30 members want to be
marrigd
“The object of our soclety,” she ex
plains, “is protection. For genera
tions we have been giving bridal
showers to almost every girl in Sabe
tha who gets married. | myseif have
contributed enough to start sevoral
couples to nousckeeping
“We propose to turn the thing
around. We are going to educate the
candidates for marriage so that thowse
unsuccessfu! in the matrimonial lot
tery will be given ‘showers’ just the
same as the real brides”
Then Miss Hook explains that the
antique spinsters’ club’ intends to
make life bearable for the members
who by fate are foreed to live in
the small town of Sabetha ‘
Tired of Wives' Talk,
“It has always been In Sabetha
that unless you are married in Sabe
tha you do not have much chance fur
pleasure-~that s, unless Yyou are
young,” she says. “You can not real
ize WhHat mi'Séry many of our most
prosperous 01d malds suffer.
. “Many of us have been invited to
be members of some of the women's
cluigs. The majority” of the members
are marricd. At the meelings all we
hear is talk of babies and children
and husbands of various Kinds We
have the feeling that we are allowed
to come to the meetings as a matter
of kindness |
“Oh, you can not realize the unln-‘
tentional cruelty of it all! What
pleasure can we have in hearing talk
of bables, bables, babies all the time?
The small town never gives the prop
er chance for all giris to marry hap
pily. Too muny of our best young
men go to the cities. As a result
there are more marriageable young
women than young men."”
burmg the coming winter the spin
sters’ club, which has for its official
name the “Queen Elizabeth Club,”
plans to give a series of social func
tions which for elaborateness will
outdo anything belore attempted in
Sabetha J
First Surprise Sprung. |
While all the 'm-"mbers»—rschnul-‘
teachers, employess in county offices,
heads of departments in stores and
holders of sther responsible positions
deny unanimously that they are
gsecking marriage, tl.ey plan to invite |
out-of-town men to their parties. 1
Already, the Queen Elizabeth Club
has the Sabetha married w“men‘
guessing. Only a few days ago A& |
stylishly dp:ssed, middle aged woman |
accompanied by two younger wumen‘
arrived at Sabetha. It did not take
long to find out that the three were
expert seamstresges from Kansas |
City. Mrs. J. K. Scoville, wife of §
wealthy lumberman, met the eldest
of the three.
“1 would be pleased to give you
employment for several weeks mak
ing my winter gowns,” said Mrs. Sco
vi‘le.
“1 am sorry,” was the reply. "“We
were brought here by the Queen
Elizaheth Club. The members expect
to keep us busy for at last three
months. We came here at the club’s
invitation,”
John M. McCormack
. ’ . ‘
Saves Artist’s Life
NOROTON, CONN., Oct, 9.—John M.
McCormack, Irish tenor, saved Marie
Korbel, sculptor, from drowning in Long |
Island Sound, near here. Marle Korbeli
and Edwin Schneider were cruising in
Richard Le Gallienne’'s small }'achti
Aphrodite when a squall capsized lhe:
craft. ‘
WOODROW WILSON ROBBED,
HARRINGTON, DEL., Oct. 9.—
Woodrow Wilson, an admirer of the
President, was robbed of a horse, bug.
gy and harness that were hitched on
a street here. In the morning ',he‘
outfit was found in a woods between
Farmington and Greenwood, and a
negro suspected of the theft was ar-
$25,000 Year Expenses of Girl,l6
Sum Granted Lusitania Orphan
;::‘.'lp;\:h:l‘l;..;ulfeu ‘ux;:‘rd $25,000 yearly m«umr~ to ".mawum‘
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Court-Holds Request of Guardian of $1,000,000
Heiress Is Entirely Proper.
NEW YORK, Oct. 9.—Permission to
spend $25,000 a year for the support
and education of Miss Virginia Bruce
Loney, 16 yvears old, whose parents,
Mr. and Mrs. Allen D. Loney, were
lost in the Lusitania disaster, has just
been granted by Justice Pendleton in
the Supreme Court.
Migs Loney inherited the estate of
her mother, amounting to more than
$1,000,000, as the result of the death
of her father, who was to have re
ceived the income for life from all the
properties. The girl narrowly escaped
death when a lifeboat in which her
parents had placed her capsized in
being lowered from the Lusitania,
She swam for ten minutes before be
ing up. Neither Mr. nor Mrs. Loney
had opportunity to ieave the steamer.
Figuring definitely, the guardian
submitted the following list of ex
penves for Miss Loney:
List of Expenses.
Rent of Park avenue apartment,
$6,000.
Maid, S6OO.
Expenses of school, music, lan
guages, books, $2,500.
Three servants, $1,200.
¥Food and household supplies, $4,000.
Clothing, $3,500.
Physicians, dentists, etc., SSOO.
Automobile and chauffeur $2,000.
Recreation and amusements, in
cluding horseback riding, $1,500.
Summer vacation and traveling ex
penses, $2,500.
Insurance and storage charges, S2OO.
Incidentals, SI,OOO.
Affidavits submitted by Miss Mary
B. Chamberlaine, general guardian of
Miss Loney, indicate that Mrs. Loney
had foreseen the disaster in which her
daughter was made an orphan.
Total Income at $75,000.
Just before leaving New York for
England, May 1, the mother made a
new will. giving her entire estate to
nICRTE: Bl
Miss Loney in the event that Mr,
Loney should die. One part of the
properties was to be held in trust to
produce an income of S9O a month for
Miss Loney's maid, Elise Bouletier,
but .she also lost her life when the
Lusitania went down. E
Since Miss Loney returned to this
country Miss Chamberlaine has been
making a careful study of her needs
to estimate the amount necessary to
maintain her “in her proper station in
life.” ‘The total income of the girl is
more than $75,000. Miss Chamber
laine asked for $25,000 for Miss Loney
and $5,000 for her own expenses. Jus
tice Pendleton said he would grant
both requests. George McKesson
Brown, executor of the will of Mrs.
Loney, his sister, said he considered
the expenditure of the amounts asked
to be “eminently proper.” Mlqs Cham
perlaine became the general guardian
of Miss Loney July 26 in accordance
with an often expressed wish of the
child’'s mother.
Original Income Too Small.
The application for the fixing of a
proper amount was made by Miss
Chamberlaine because she wished le
gal sanction of her estimate. Miss
Loney had no other property besides
the $75,000 a year, the guardian said,
except a trust of $45,000 left by her
mother and a legacy of $12,000 left by
a great-aunt, Matilda W. Bruce, be
sides jewelry and furniture left by
Mrs. Loney. The income from these
sources would be only about $2,500,
which Miss Chamberlaine asserted
would be entirely inadequate.
Miss Chamberlaine sald Mrs. Loney
was accustomed to spend her entire
income of about $75,000 a year in
support of her household and in en
tertainments and traveling expenses.
The daughter had traveled extensive
ly, passing the greater part of her life
abroad, as Mrs. Loney kept a country
estate in England.
EXTRA
e< S " e ————
:
}
|
Teutons Have Forced Only Ree
tirement of Czar's Forces at
Almost as Great Cost to Them«
selves as to the Slavs.
Maintains Russian Army Has Not
Been Broken, and Points Out
Reasons Why Mere Occupation
Can Not Be Called a Victory,
By HILA'RE BELLOC.
Foremost Military Writer in Eureps,
The conditions under which the
Vilna salient, with its threat to the
Russian army, was produced, are
those repeated perpetually in this
campalign as the sole conception of
the Teutons. The Kalser's superiori
ty In equipped numbers and muni-.
tions permits him at certain rather
distant intervals, the length of which
is determined by the rate of bringing
iup heavy shells, to push back the
Russiane upon any selected short
sector
‘k If he chooses two such sectors at
some distance one from the other, say
50 or 100 miles apart, he will there
determine two retirements and will
leave behind each a bulge or salient
in the line
This operation is but & preliminary.
His object i not merely to make the
Russians fall back, though this has &
political value which we will discuss
in & moment His object is to de~
stroy as much as possible of the Rus.
sian armies
In & mere slow retirement, followed
by & mere (and equally siow) ad
vance of the enemy, an army s not
destroyed. It loses heavily, but then
80 does the advancing force
| Strategically therefore (apart from
‘all political effect), it is the business
'of the pursuing party not simply to
occupy territory, but to envelop or
to scatter as much as he can of the
retreating party.
Envelopment Unlikely.
In the case of the Russian armies,
over a space of 8500 miles, there can
be no thought of a general envelop
ment. The hope of scattering them
has also ceased to exist since it falled
between the Dunajec and the San,
four months ago. There remains the
chance of partial envelopment.
The Germans use, at intervals
longer than they would like, but in
evitable from the immobility always
imposed by dependence upon heavy
artillery, their superiority in that arm
and its munitionment to strike on
two sectors fairly wide apart and cre -
ate a salient—that is, a “bulge” be
tween them
This first step accomplished (and i\
can be accomplished virtually at
will), the second step, which is the
gist of the whole operation, begins.
He tries to cut the neck of the sal«
ient, striking down from one side and
up from the other, and thus to {solate
by envelopment—that is, surrounding
-—the men and the guns within the
salient.
Losses Nearly Equal.
This is the only maneuver open to
the Teutons in the Polish campaign.
They can not hope for success upon
any other lines, and upon these lines
they have attempted to succeed over
and over again and hitherto have al
ways falled.
The bodies of men and guns within
the salient have invariably escaped
them and in their deliberate retire
ment have inflicted on them lcsses
approximately equal to those suffered
upon the Russian side,
It is on Minsk, or rather on the
region of Minsk, that the retirement
of the Russian troops from the saliend
of Vilna must take place.
All the central group of Russian
armies must fall back upon and be
dependent on the great main line from
Moscow and Central Russia to Minsk,
They have no other avenue of supply
upon which to retire.
So far I have only been following
the strictly military side of all these
operations. I must now consider for
a moment the politcal side, becauss
the political effect of war is inex=
tricably mixed up with its mere stra<
tegics.
Occupation Not Victory.
Let us get our minds quite clear
upon this distinction lest, in' the in
terests of purely military problems, wa
should underestimate the political side
of the matter as grossly as she
alarmed opinion of certain uninstructe