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TRUTH, JUSTICE
Two Very Simple Ways
Of A ehyi evi np Fedelr]'a i
Ownership o? Railroads
The opponents of Government ownership of railroads say, among other
things, that the country can not take over the roads; that the theory may be
all right, but that the practical application of the idea is too difficult for the
Government to accomplish.
The best answer to that is that previous to the beginning of the world
war forty-three different Governments had adopted State ownership of rail
ways. A few of these countries, it is true, had adopted State ownesship in
part only. But the majority of these countries, and among them the largest
and most populous, had put complete Government ownership into practice.
The countries which had taken over complete ownership of their rail
ways, were New Zealand, South Africa, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Chile,
Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Germany, Greece, Holland, Honduras, Italy,
Japan, Nicaragua, Norway, Portugal, Roumania, Serbia, Siam, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey. The countries which had taken over their
railroads in part under Government owmership, were Canada, Australia,
Brazil, Denmark, France and Russia.
Different nations took over their railway systems in different ways.
But, generally speaking, the plan was to purchase the existing private rail
way properties with Government bonds bearing a low rate of interest, with
the provision of a sinking fund from the receipts of the road which would
extinguish the bonds automatically at the end of a given period of years.
In this way the people were not taxed to purchase the equities of the
private owners, but the roads were made to pay for themselves out of profits
that would otherwise have gone to the private owners.
Now it is ridiculous to say that the people of the United States, the
richest and the most intelligent group of people on the face of the earth, can
not do what such countries as Austria, Russia, Germany, France and two or
three dozen other smaller countries have successfully done. |
The only question for the people of the United States to decide is
whether or not they want to own their own railroads or to have their own
railroads owned by a comparative handful of private owners. We can have
public ownership of the railways for the benefit of the people instead of a
few of the people whenever we decide that we want public ownership.
The process of transferring the railway systems from private ownership
to public ownership is simple and easy. The Government has two ways in
which to approach this problem of purchase,
It can either agree with the private owners upon a reasonable purchase
price to be paid in bonds which the receivts of the roads will finally extin
guish; or if the private owners be obdurate the Government can exercise its
power of eminent domain. By that we mean that the Government has the
right, if it chooses, to take the railways away from the private owners by
compulsion: and to pay them such a price as it deems to be fair.
The estimated total value of all the railroads in the Unitéd States is not
over twenty billions of dollars. And a nation that can appropriate fifty bil
lions of dollars for two years of warfare can very easily find twenty billions
of dollars to pay for properties that are worth that amount and that will be,
under proper management income-producing properties.
As a matter of faci, the people of the United States need never be called
upon to pay a single dollar in taxes f@r the purchase of the railway systems.
Most of them already earn money and all of them can be made to earn money
under Government ownership. The money which they will earn for the next
twenty or thirty years can be very well spent paying the principal and the
interest on the bonds which would be given in exchange for them. The rail
roads would simply pay for themselves. ' ‘
Taking over the railway systems is a simple business. It is such a one
as business men engage in every day when one man buys from another an
income-producing property and pays most of the parchase price in secured
paper. :
i
If'is quite natural that the financiers who do not want to see Government
ownership substituted for private ownership try to make it appear that the
purchase of the railways from their private owners would load the people
down with an enormous addition to the public debt and would increase taxes
for many years to come. But you can depend upon it that all that sort of talk
{is pure buncombe. The financiers themselves know very well that the entire
fortunes and their huge incomes are all derived from buying income-produc
ing properties upon credit and letting these properties pay for themselves
out of their own revenues.
If they can get rich at that kind of game, so the people of the United
States can obtain the ownership of their railways by the same means.
' |
B Oncedldves — |
“UNACCUSTOMED AS | AM"—
» It is a great gift to be able to speak in public, but because you cannot do so
with credit to yourself is no reason you should feel that you are not a success in life.
There are many men who can make good speeches, but are unable to make the
income you receive,
It is not a sign of unusual intelligence or finshed education to be able to give
bright and snappy addresses.
Often it is a man of great brain power who furnishes the material with which
a man of less inteiligence makes his hits as a speaker.
& Men who are good speakers and good writers are exceptions, not the rule.
If you are a good, logical thinker and have the gift of transferring knowledge
to others, you have a possession which is far better than that of a man who is able
to talk easily and entertainingly but has not strong mind power back of him.
There is no reason for you to be discouraged or displeased with yourself because
vou are not a good public speaker.
Of course, it would be a valuable and pleasing accomplishment, but you should
not make yourself nncomfortable because you do not possess it.
Think a minute; have you not some qualification which is much more valuable
and proritable?
Be satisfied. ’
Put on the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the deviI.—EPHESIANS, Vl. 1.
AT FANTAS-GEORGIAN
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- * 441
Complete Victory
Or Nothing
By Harry Lauder.
T 1s only the man who has trav
l eled this great country who ¢an
“fully realize the strength of the
German propaganda. The country
had to be piloted by a noble mind and
& steady hand, and I feel sure that
those who appreciate the immensity
of the task thank God for President
Wilson, whom history will surely ac
claim as one of the outstanding men
for humanity in these terrible days.
Now a rcunion has been brought
about between tne English-speaking
peoples of the world. This spirit of
reunion is well lighted and is burn
ing brightly. Its glow can be ob
served everywhere in the United
States.
It is wrong for us to say that
America is helping us to win the war.
America realizes that she is not fight
ing for Great Britain, She well
knews that the British Empire can
fight for herself. She realizes, too,
that she is fighting for her own per
sonal defense. Her sword has been
buckled on and her gun is shoulder
ed. Her teeth are set, There is a
calm but stern look in the face of
every American soldier. It means
complete victory or nothing.
See here, mate,
Don’t you figure it's great
To think when the war is over
And we're through with the mud,
And the spilling of blood,
And we're shipped back again to Ollk
Dover;
When they've paid us our tin
And we've blown the lot in
And our very last penny is spent,
We'll still have a thought—
If that's all we've got—
I'm one of the boys who went.
And perhaps later on,
When your wild days are gone,
And you're settling down for life,
You've a girl in your eve
You'll ask by and by
To share it with you as your wife:
And when a few years have flown
And you've got chicks of your own
And you're happy and snug and con
tent,-
It will make your heart glad,
When they boast of their dad—
“My dad was one of the boys who
went."”
Saturday, August 10, 1918
More Truth Than Poetry
By James J. Montague
~
Rooting for Runyon
HE went to war in "98, this Demon Runyon did;
Just fourteen years he was back then—a pindlin’, splind
lin’ kid;
But hungry, like he is to-day, to sort o’ ease around
Until he happened on the spot where fightin’ could be found.
‘They threw him out of three commands because his years was
shy,
But he just kept on buttin’ in, and finally got by.
And while most lads was livin’ soft among the old home scenes
This Runyon youngster packed a Krag across the Philippines.
HE took to writin’ after that, ard roved around the map
Where disagreements here and there gave promise of a
scrap. :
And trouble seldom broke so fast but what he hove in view,
And wrote the thousand words or so that made you see it, too.
He never took things serious, he took the other slant,
But always somehow got the punch that most reporters can't.
And wken the late unpieasantness with Mexico began
He went right in when Pershing did, this writin’, fightin’ man.
AND now he’s packéd his type machine an’ tooth brush in his
grip »
And headed for the battle line, to make a pleasure trip— ‘
A pleasure trip for him, because his chief idee o’ fun
Is bein’ there to see and hear when fightin’s bein’ done.
A pleasure trip for you and me, because he sure knows how
To make a lyric of a scrap—an epic of a row.
Don’t wait to buy your papers, friends—just order in advance—
You'll never want to miss a line that Runyon sends from France.
e Wl DB R e .
> F rr\fl /:\ - ifik‘;fi A '%’m
SO NG B o lAT NG U (TIPS
Yy o 'f“t/ ;. s-.( RS 1 N%//’
§ G 0 gae% -sy =
* iOel B
STILL PRUDENT.
The Gemmans call the American
soldiers satans: but they never say to
them: “Geét-thee behind me.”
-
TRYING TO KEEP UP,
When we take 35,000 prisoners and
ten or fifteen trains of war material
the Germans get even by ‘inking one
of our lightships. ‘
PUBLIC SERVICE
Timely Topics
of Today
By Arthur Brisbane.
PROFESSOR HENRY DRUM
MOND, :uthor of important re
ligious books, wrote also “The
Ascent of Man.” Read it. It is pub
lished by James Pott & Co., No. 214
Bast Twenty-thi'rq street, New York
City. Your book store will get it for
you. 5
This book treats reverently the
bl:oad question of evolution. It re
flects the cold, purely scientific view
of nature’s phenomena. .
Its treatment is scientific, yet it
satisfies the fundamental craving of
human nature that the marvels of life
be treated with reverent wonder, due
place given to poetry and to imagina
tion.
The chapter on “The Dawn of the
Mind” tells how the human being—
described by a German physiologist
as ‘“a number of atoms of carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and so
on"—develops into the thinking ma
chine, ruler of the world.
Note how the emotions appear in
their order.
Fear is the mental sensation de
veloped lowest down in the animal
scale. The annelida—earthworms and
such humble folk—know fear.
The insects develop social feelings,
plus industry, pugnacity and curi
osity. ’
The firsh is the first animal to show
Jealousy. Sympathy lis first born
amoeng the birds. The meat-eating
quadrupeds bring to the world cruelty,
hate and grief—mnot a very desirable
combination, :
The higher classes of apes give
us a varied miental collection—re
morse, shame, deceit and a sense of
humor.
Observe that these emotions ap
pear in the human child in the same
order as in the animal kingdom. The
brain of a child duplicates in itg de
velopment the growth of mental sen
sations in the animal.
It gets the emotions of the earth
worm first, those of the ape last. At
the end of childhood we take leave
of our animal brothers’ limitations
and build up new emotions and men
tal mainsprings—rational judgment,
abstract thought, progressive ambi
tion and the other. impulses that force
us to do our work here as men.-
In advising you to read this GOOD
book, we select for special treatment
the chapters on ‘“The Ascent of the
Body."”
Marvelous simplicity and uniform
ity of working plan characterize na
ture's achievements.
The child beging its career before
birth as a single cell, and in that con
dition all the power of science, aided
by the microscope, is unable to dis
tinguish the future man from the
most inferior animals.
There was a stage in the existence
of Alexander the Great, of George
Washington and John D. Rockefeller
when no microscope could have told
whether the single cell embryo would
develop into a shark, a crab, a coral
polyp, a lizard, a leopard, a monkey
,or a man. N
The development of the human in
fant is exactly and LITERALLY a
panorama of animal life on the globe.
In the few moriths that precede
birth the infant passes through trans
formations that represent the animal
development of thousands of cen
turies.
All that we know of animal evolu
tion is Teproduced in every single
human being before birth. Scientists
hope, through study of embryology,
to acquire the knowledge that can
not come from the digging of fossils
or the hunting of “missing links.”
As each of these various animal
stages of life in the devg]oping child
are replaced by others, something is
retained from the vanishing form—a
muscle, a nerve, a more effective sys
tem of leverage. Says Drummond:
“As the modern stem-winding
watch contains the old clepsydra, as
the Walter printing press containg the
rude hand machine of Gutenberg, as
the modern locomotive. of today con
tains the engine of Watt, so man con
tains the embryonic bodies of earlier
and humbler and clumsier forms of
life.”
. Nature in manufacturing man re
produces temporarily every one of the
primintive animal forms. eliminating
each ip turn and passing to a higher.
In embryology we are -permitted to
study a perfect working model of ani
mal creation from the beginning.
If this persuades you to read
Drummond’s book, we shall have ren
dered you a service.
. Why Not Chain
, People?
By Winifred Black.
6( ELL,” said the woman who
\;\/ owns a dog, “what in the
world’'s the matter with
you?”
,—-———-—~7 We were talk
: t‘:. e “é ing, a group of us,
ol Aol about the Over
e r&é&,g’%fi Soul or the Sub
e Bl | conscious Mind, or
iy iB. |the Friendly
O ! Hunch— which
kr ¢"T "3 ever you want t
%fi Cell can It—a group
i } young person who
NEPE. )/ doesn't know what
SSBNE~ Ppe she's going to do
" with herself since
she's left college and can’t find any
congenial companions calls it the Over
Soul, and the young man who's called
the Captain and wears shoulder
straps, and spends his days finding
out whether the enlisted men are
normal or subnormal or supernormal,
calls it the Sub-Conscious mind.
Anyhow, whatever you call it, it is
very interesting. The Captain had
just told us about a man he's curing
of melancholia by a simple treatment
which is making him forget some
thing that frightened him when he
wag a little boy. The college girl had
promised to tell us about an experi
ence in which her Qver Soul warned
her not to have a thing to do with
the new professor of chemistry, and
that professor turned out to be really
~—don't you know——
WANTS CHAIN AGAIN.
And T was crazy for them both to
get through, so T could tell about the
time that the Friendly Hunch sopped
me from taking a certain little coast
wise steamer at the last minute, and
the steamer turned turtle with all on
board, while I wag sitting in'a ham
mock eating ripe mangoes under the
shade of a perfectly =safe and abso
lutely reliable cocoanut palm.
And we were a good deal bored
when the woman who owns the dog
interrupted.
We knew she was talking to her
dog, or about him, because she's
never really very much interested in
anything else when he’s around, un
less it's the cat or her mocking bird,
or her parrot, or the little white goat
with the long white beard, who cries
pathetically from the back garden.
But as we were sitting on the porch,
of course, we had to stop everything
and listen to her and look at the
dog and eay, “Well, did you ever?”
and “What do you think of that?"
and all the rest of the things people
say when they really don’t think any
thing at all.
And it was all about the dog’s
chain. The woman who owns him
bad unchained him, and he was run
ning around the yard, and she had
thrown his chain on the floar of the
porch, and in the excitement of our
discussion about the Over Soul some
one had stepped on the chain and rat
tled it, and the dog was wild with ex
citement.
He came running with all-hts might
and main and insisted on having his
chain put on again, and we all won
dered and couldn’t understand it, but
I kept thinking all the timegof a
friend of mine whose worthless, good
tor-nothing husband had disappeared,
and she watches the newspapers day
in and day out, and writes letters, and
telephones her friends, trying to dis
cover what has become of him.
If that isn’t trying to get your chain
back around your neck when you
might as well be free, what is, I
should like to know?
I know an elderly woman who has
been in straitened circumstances for
years, and she’s come into some
“money and we're all so delighted
about it. E
WHY SHOULD THEY.
Does she dress and have good
things to eat and entertain her friends
and buy new books and give some of
her money away to those who need it?
Not she; she frets and worries
from morning until night, and from
night until morning, for fear some
thing will happen to get that money
away from her.
I know a man who has a good posi
tion, as positions go, and he frets
and worries because he wants the
position just above him, and he’s not
competent to fill it, and if he had it
he'd be perfectly miserable.
As it is now, he keeps his own office
fours, does his own work when he
feels like it, and knows his job from
mside 10 outside and from tie outside
to inside again. ¢
The man above him has “more to
do, longer hours, more worry, and he
must carry a great load of responsi
bility that is already beginning to
turn his hair gray.
What does my friend who wants
that position want it for?
What will he do with it when he
gets it?
He doesn’t know—he just hearg the
chains rattling once in a while and
can’t help doing his best to get it
around his own neck.
Sometimes 1 think dogs are a good
deal like human beings, and then
again I think that human beings are
a good deal like dogs.
Which way would you rather put it?