Newspaper Page Text
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Copyright, 1919, §
History’s Contrasts,
Kaiser and Liebknecht.
‘““Red Rosa’" and Cavell.
No Throne, a Garfge. -
<o~ By Arthur Brisbanel
Writers of history will® find
strange contrasts in this war,
Edith Cavell, the English nurse,
is shot as a spy.in Belgium.
Rosa Luxemburg, “Red Rosa”
who- lived with Lénin in Switzer
fand and taught him the Bolshe
vism with which he ru®s Russia,
is ‘'shot in Berlin by milder Social
ists that want a republic with or
der, not her #escrlpuon for curing
all ills, g
= s e
The Kalser, who dreamed of rul
ing the world, is a fugitive in Hol
land. The Allies and his own coun
try seek to extradite him, and hang,
guillotine or shoot him.
.- - i
Liebknecht opposedl the Kaiser's
plan, he was one of the handful
that spoke out against him and
was put in prison.' He opposed the
war that has ruined Germany.
Now he is shot to death in Ber
lin with his co‘;panlon. “Red Rosa.”
.
Part of the Kalser’s dream was
to provide sixe “newly carpeted”
thrones in Europe for his six sons,
as Napoleon supplied thrones for
his relatives and proteges.
, The oldest Hohenzollern son
lves In a fisherman’s shut on a
lonely island. No throne there.
Another sonfhas found a job with
an automobile concern. He may
find there the peace of mind and
safety that he wouldn't have found
on the throne. \
. " \
. The Hohenzollerns that for 700
vears had been building up\power.
in good times and bad, began as
usurious money lenders in a poor,
barren country. They ruled Ger
many, Austria, Turkey, Bulgaria
and Greece, and intimidated neu
trals but a few mohths ago. Now
Ebert, the harnessmaker, rules in
Berlin, and Morges, a tailor, is the
head of the Brunswick Govern
ment, fighting the national Gov
ernment of the Berlinn harness
maker. T
2V €
There are some contrasts for
you,
When the war began the United
States conflned itself to its own,
contifent. The President never
left his country, The newspapers
printed regularly George Washing
‘on’s advice about “foreign entan
glements.” ~
* Today the President is _sitting
with the Prime Ministers of Eng
land, France and Italy and the Am
bassadors from Japan and other
countries Mn Paris, manning this
country by wireless, and helping to
gettle the affairs of allithe govern
ments of the world.
These are a few contrasts that
will strike the future writers of
history. They will have to think
ha,rtand steadily to present the
entire plicture complete, with its
changes, meanings and its causes.
That will not be done in this cen
tury. i
N~ * »
When the war began Poland was
a nation chopped to pieces, divided
up by the bandit countries, as
wolves divide and tear up a deer.
. The end of the war sees Poland
going back to her old nationality,
with the approval of other nations.
And whom do you find at the head
of Poland in this movement of a -
natién's rebirth?
Is it a descendant of the Poni
atowski who, with bullets in his
body, blood streaming, jumped his
horse into the river to swim across
and attack the enemy of Pgland,
erying, “One must die like a
brave?” .
Is it a descendant of Kosclusko,
wha_helped this country In ité fight
and for Poland started with 5,000
men to._fight the whole of Russia?
No, none of the old Polish names.
The new head of Poland is Pad
erewski, the musician. The Poles
choose as their leader one repre
senting the intellectual genius, not
the .flghtlnx quality, of Poland.
- ~ L
Instead of a flerce Jghter, you
have the gentle musician as head ;
man in Poland. He has already
been shot once, and shot at five
times, |
Great as she has beg¢n in fight
ing,~Poland has been even greater
in the production of genius. The
name of Copernicus will stand out
in real history thousand® of cen
turies from now, when every name
that you read in today's paper—
Foch, Clemenceau, Lloyd George,
Wilson—will be as completely for
gotten as the names of the gen
erals that fought under Caesar, or
the chiefs of the tribes that strug
gled here.
Rumely Fights- Against
Washington Extradition
(Bg International News Service.)™
NEW YORK, Jan. 25.~Dr. Edward
Rumely, former.owner of The Eve
ning Mafl, appeared refore Judge Ju-
Nus Mayer, in the United States Dis
trict Court, today“on writs of habeas
corpus and certiorari, in an effort to
prevent his removal to Washington,
I €., to answer an indictmeant 1.!'8-
ing him with violgtion of the espion
age law.
Counsel for Rumely entered the
contention that the former newspaper
owner should not be removed because
he is under similar indictment here
and has been under $36,000 bail since
last July. He also insisted that there
is no reason for the New York court
to defer the trial of mfly ‘on the
Andictments returned bt b
If you have any difficulty in buy
ing Hearst's Sunday American any
where in the South, notify Circula
tion Manager Hearst's Sunday Amer
fcan, Atlanta, Ga. \
WVOL. V. NO. 42.
AMERICA
Resolution Among Those Intro
duced at Second Full Session
of Peace Body.
WILL SETTLE REPARATION
‘Early Action Against Kaiser and
_ German Breaches of Law
| Provided. ‘
‘ ———
By JOHN EDWIN NEVIN,
Staff Correspondent of the I. N. §
PARIS, Jan. 3.—A resolution pro
viding for the appointment of a com
‘mittee to work ut the details of a
‘leag'ue of nations “to promote inter
lnafional obligations and to provide
\safeguards against war” was pre
sented today at the second plenary
session of the peace conference.
The resolution gets farth that a
league of nations ‘ys essential to the
maintenance of the world settlement
which the associated. nations are now
met to establish,” and provides that
the ‘lJeague should be created as an
Integral part of the general treaty of
peace and should be opened to every
civilized nation which can be relted
upon to promote itu' objects.” -
Reparation To Be Settled.
At the same time resolutions also
were presented for the appointment
of committees to inquire and report
onhe following important questions:
Breaches of the laws of war, re
paration, the conditions of employ
ment from the international aspect
and the_international means neces
sary to®secure common action on
matters affecting conditions of em
ployment and to recommend the form
of a permanent agency ‘to continue
{:;:;;]hs lnquiry under the league of na-
The resolution concerning the in
vestigation of the breaches of the
laws of war” provides that the com
mission hall rewt on five phases of
that question. ey are:
. Responsibility for War.
1. Responsibility of the authors of
the war.
2. Facts as to the lireaches of the
laws and customs of war committed
by the forces of the Cierman Empire
and their allies on jand and sea and
in the air during the present war.
3. Degree of fesponsibility for these
offenses attaching to particular nfem
bers of the enemy forces, incliding
members of the general staff and oth
er individuals, however highly placed.
Will Try Offenses. ¢
4, The constitution and procedure
of a tribunal appropriate to the trial
of these offenses.
5. Any_other matters cognate or
ancillary to the above which may
arise, X
~ On the question of repasation the
resolution provides that the commis
?(on shall report the two subjects of
he amount of reparation which the
enemy countries ought to ray and on
‘what they are capable of paying and
the method and form and time within
which the payments should be made.
The text of the resolutions follow:
Draft of Resolutions.
Following is a draft of the prelimi
nary resolutions for a league of na
tions: .
“The conférence having considered
the proposals for the creation of a
league of nations, resolved that:
“It is essential to the maintenance
of the world settlement which the as
soclated natlons are now met to es
tablish that a league of nations be
created to promote international obli- |
gations and to provide safeguards
against war. This league should be
created as an integral part of the
general treaty of peace and should be
opened to every Nemzed nation which
can be’relied ofic to promote its ob®»
jects, The members of the league
ctould meet “periodically in interna
tional conference and should have a
permanent organization and secreta
ries to Wry on the businegs of tke
league in ‘the intervals betwcen the
c&nference. ’
Committee Is Provided.
“The conferenec, therefore, ap
points a committee of representatives
of the "associated Governments to
work out the details of tha eonstitu
tipn and functions of tone league and
draft regolutions in regard to breaches
of meerm of war for presentation
to the peace conference,
“That a commission composed of
two representatives apiece from the
five great powers and five represer.-
tatives to be elected by the other
powers to be appointed to inquire and
report upon the following:
“First—The responsibility of the
authofé of the war,
Atrocities To Be Probed. |
.“Second—The facts as to bredches
xoff the laws and customs nf* war com
it'ed by the forces of the German
Empire and their allies on land, on
sea and in the air during the present
war,
“Third—The degree of responsibil
ity for these offenses attaching to
particular members of the enemy
forceg, including members of the gen
eral staffs~and individuals, however
highly placed.
“Fourth-—The constitution and pro
cedure of a tribunal appropriate to
the trial of these offepses,
“Fifth-~Auy other malter cognate
T Continued on Page 7, Column 1,
% .
et ] — G gy .
AR N SErer 1T 0R T #UR EEORIe g OTR Y
.
Convicted Man
Stays Home for
’
Over a Year
(By International News Service.)
LEVELAND, Jan. 25.—Bosario
C Spinéllo for more than a year
has been supposed to be serv
ing a term in the penitentiary for
manslaughter. And all during that
time he has been at his homeswith
his wife and sejen children—either
there or at hiss work in a factory
here. The authorities merely ne
glected to come and get him. He did
not attempt to evade the serving of
his sentence. But he was not going
to go te the police and Insist on it.
He did not even dodge policemen who
knew he had been convicted, hé says.
The crime was committed more
than two years ago® For a year the
case was in the cowrts, Then the
Appellate Court sustained the ver
dict and ordered the'sefftence exe
cuted. But papers ordering his ar
rest, giving the police official infor
mation of the decision of the Appel
late Court, werg stuck in a pigeon
hole somewhere, gnd it was not until
the middle of January that they
came ‘to light and the police went
to Spinello’'s home and took him
away to Jjail f
WINSTON-SALEM, N, C., Jan. 25—
Internal Revenue Officer F. C. Tolbert
was hot in the leg and painfully
wounded Baturday when a posse of rev
enue men and deputy sheriffs were at
tacked by a party of ten men at the
Frank Snipes farm, about 2 miles from
Kernersville. Snipes, who was recent
ly discharged from the Atlanta Federal
prison after serving a two-yedr term
for blockading, s recognized, the raid
‘ers said, as leader of the gang.
+ No arrests were made, but it is un
‘derstood thal Revenue Agent T. H.
' Vanderford has organized a force and
}that they are determined to capture
‘the Snipes crowd.
| Officer Tolbert was able to be moved
to a Salisbury hospital today
It is statéd that when the crowd at.
tacked the officers Tolbert demanded
'that they surrender. He was greeted
with jeers and oaths, The atackers
then climbed imto an automobile and
drove away.
Army Officials Push
- .
Naturalization Work
Naturalization of foreign-born sol
diers in the United States army is be.
imy carried on with increased vigor by
th¢ naturalization ,n:‘stlon of the army.
Evsry wan in unifofm who desires to!
bedome a full-fledged ecitizen of the
Unlted States is being flven every as
sis u&to by the authorities to t{mt end.
~ Lieutenant Ecgl Morris, naturaliza
tlon otficer at mp Gosdon. is comb
ing thd camp for foreign-born soldiers
who wish to take advantage of the free
aid beljjg given those seekln¥ naturali
zation. | Several soldiers will be sent
to the/)Federal naturalization court
Mondaj ' afternoon.
Soldiers who have been natdralized
and failed to receive their naturaliza
‘tion certificates, are urgded to commu
‘nicate with Lieutenant Morris at camp
‘headquarters. Soldiers who! have been
discharged and left the camp without
‘having received their final papers, but
who had applied for naturalization, are
also urged to write to Lieutenant Mor.
ris, camp headquarters, Camp Gordon,
stating the facts in their case in order
that he may assist them in securing
their certificates.
Rep. Rach Seeks to Make
.
T. R. Birthday a Holiday
“gs‘ International News Service.) .
ASHINGTON, Jan. 26.—The twen
t{-srvenm day of October, the day of
‘the birth of the late Theodore Roose
velt, would be made a legal holiday, un
' der a bill introduced in the House this
‘aflemoon by Representative Rach, of
New Jersey. ‘
.
House Gets Undesirable
. . .
Alien Deportation Bill
WASHINGTON, Jan. 25.—A bill au
thorizing the-expfilsion from this coun
try of enemy aliens designated as un
desirable by the Secretary of Labor
was re{mted out this aftenoon by the
House Immigration Committee,
1
Go Investigating §
Today Through the
”
) “Automobile” Columns
A fine lot of good cars are
belni‘ put on the market
which are sgure to hold the
attention of anybody who
has even considéred the
nwnerum;;, of a car. Most
of them have been more or
less used, but you would
never know it to look at
them, and their sérvice wl‘l}
measure up well with a ne
car.
. Turn to the *“Automobiles’”
columns over in The Ameri
can today and read the In
© teresting offers there, Then
go farther, Call up the per
®on or firm offering the cars
which appeal to you and
make an engagement to see
the cars In action, e
‘Your desire to own a good
car can be fulfilled rlfiht now
at terms which will be a
pleasant surprise to yow
Read t{\e “Automobiles’” col
umnsg foday.
The Gcorgian and American
Atlanta’s Want Ad Directory |
Read for Profit-Use for Results ‘i
‘ ANI
HAD SECOND LARGEST ARMY
Bolsheviks Prepare to Flee Pet
rograd and Plan to Execute
Prisoners.
A ")
Rioting Renewed in Berlin With
Many Casualties Reported in
Street Fighting.
BULLETIN.
GENEVA, Jan. 25.—Leon Trotzky,,
Bolshevik War Minister in Russia,
was shot and killed by soldiers at
Libau, according to an unconfirmed
report received by the Polish press
bureau at Berne today.
(By International News Service.)
STOCKHOLM, Jan, 25.—The Bol
sheviks in Petrograd are making hur
ried preparations to evacuate the city
and plan to execute most of the pris
oners that have fallen - into their
hands, ageording to information from
Helsingfors today.
REDS TO ACCEPT TRUCE.
(By Universal Press.)
PARIS, Jan. 25.—The Bolshevist
Government, according to some quar
ters usually in close touch with Mos
cow, is ready to accept the proposal
of the Allied and associated Govern
ments for a truce in Russia and for
an international conference on Princes
Istad. ;
The Bolshevik government at Mos
cow has sent out a wireless message
inviting the communist groups of all
countries to an international prole
tariat congress.
\ o
REDS TAKE ORENBURG.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 25.—The cap
ture of Orenburg on January 22 by
the Bolsheviki, was reported to the
State Department this afternoon in
a dispatch from Omsk. Orenburg had
been held for a year by the Orenburg
Cossacks, loyal to the Allies,
Terrorism Resumed
In City of Berlin ,
(By Universal Service.)
AMSTERDAM, Jan. 25.—Terrorism
has been resumed in Berlin, [Today’s
dispatches do not make clear what
the present situation is, but there
was heavy fighting Thursday night.
The Spartacides appear to have ral
lied after their temporary check, re
sulting from the loss of Liebknecht
and Rosa Luxemburg, their chief
leaders. Many ocasualties are report
ed.
The Government has ordered the
arrest of Herr Ledebour, who was one
of Liebknecht's chief lieutenants.
ATTEMPT TO RESTORE ORDER.
By H. F. GREENWALL,
Exclusive Cable by the International
News Service and The London
Daify“Express.
BERLIN, Jan. 24, via London, Jan.
26.~Following the election, Germany
is making a desperate utrerflp! to put
her house in order to combat unem
ployment and to force the strikers
and other idlers in the cities to re
turn to the provinces. This was indi.
cated to me today by Philip Scheide
mann, a Minister in the KEbert gov
ernment,
“I quite understand that abroad
they look at Germany with certain
uneasiness and fear it will be difficult
for us to pull ourselves out of the aw
ful situation which the end of the
war brought to us,” said Herr
Scheidemann. “But you may be sure
the German people have already mas
tered the worst of the crisis and
eventually the great secret of how to
make good after the present defeat
will be found here. Work and still
more work must be our present reply
to the misfoftune that has befallen
ug., It must not be forgotten that
the German peaple have always been
one of the most work-loving people of
all”
The Goverament is facing diffMicul
ties, however, one of them a noisy
mirority, including officials of the old
regime, g
The mlnnrlu,A and their supporters
from the old regime are charged with
deliberately trying to upset the Kbert-
Scheldemapn government, | \
ROYALISTS WANT ARMISTICE.
(By International News Service.)
LISBON (via Parig), Jan. 256.~The
monschunt revolutionaries at Mont
ganto (emanded an armistice today,
but it was refused, it was officially
announced.
A republican lh‘m_v has laid siege to
the monarchists in Oporto.
The monarchist leader, Colonel
Mendoza, War Minister in the Paes
government, lvas been wounded.
Wife Held for Murder
~ Of N.Y.Man in Florida
~ (By International News Service.)
~ ORLANDO, FLA, Jan. 25.--Lloyd
1. Darling, of Gloversville, N, Y., was
slain here last night by a shot through
the lungs. - His wife, Mrd. Margaret 8,
iDarllnx. was arrested today, charged
with the murder,
ATLANTA, GA., SUNDAY, JANUARY 26, 1919,
Armour Denies He Entered For
eign Field to Keep English.
From Cutting Prices. ;
l
$25,000,000 TOTAL EARNED
Packer Chief Says Policy Has
Been to Buy Small Competi
tion Rather Than Squelch.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 25.—Some
$10,000,000 1n profits hav: been made
by Armour & Co. in South Amerieca
which have not been included in the
financial statements submitted to
congressional committees, Pm_ncis J.
Heney, Federad trade commission
counsel, brought out in cross-exami
nation of J. Ogden Armour today.
These figures were refused the Fed
eral tvade commission by Levy May
er, Armour's counsel. They would
bring the total approximate profits of
Armour to about s2s,ooo,ooo—about 16
per cent—instead of approximately
$15,000,000 profits, or 9 per cent.
“The figures on the South American
companies of Armour are required to
be made public by law down there,”
Armour testified in answer to Heney's
questions as to the profits of the
American companies.
“Isn’'t it a fact that you refused to
give these to the Federal trade com
mission?” asked Heney.
“Y¥es, on my advice,” interrupted
Levy Mayer, Armour's counsel. “The
Federal trafle commission has no au
thority under the law to ask for those
figures.” P
Charges Price Strifling.
Heney charged that the real reason
Armour en{ered the South American
trade was to keep Epglish compar?e
from furnishing meat to this country
and thereby bringing down the price.
Armour denied this, saying that
while it would affect the cattle mar
két its influence would not amount to
much in the long run.
“We ship our beef where he can get
the best prices,” said Armour.
“It has never been the policy of Ar
mour & Co. to crowd out small pack
ers,” Armour declared. “We always
try to buy them out.”
“Suppose you wanted to establish
a branch in a town and the small
packer refused to sell, your poliey
would be to pay large .prices to put
him qut of business as soon as possi
ble, wonldn't it?" Heney suggested.
Blames Small Packers.
“T don’t know what we'd do. Tt
wonld depend on circumstances.”
Armour sald small packers were
making far larger profits than the
big packing houses.
“And so.” Heney commented, “they
can pay larger wages to their work
ers.” i
Armour contested this statement.
They might pay higher wages for a
day or two, he said, but their work
was not steady.
Armour reiterated his statement
that there was not any arrangement
-=or combination or ecall it what you
will—bhetween Armour & Co, and oth
er packers as to buving or apportion
ing of territory in buying, but admit
ted that there might have been gome
sort of an arrangement by which
packers “could protect their industry”
in some special case,
If there was, it was not a ntnn‘"ng
arrangement,” he sald. He denfed‘'ab
solutely that he and Swift had appor
tioned dairy territory among them
selves or that between Swift and
Armour & Co. the butter market could
be influenced.
“We might have a slight influence
on the butter market, but not much,”
he testified. The packers gold about
60 per cent of the oleomargarine on
the market, he said, and Jelke & Co.,
origihal manufacturers of this prod
uet, about 25 per cent.
»
Six Missing as Schooner
. »
Breaks Up in Pacific
(By International News Service.)
ABERDEEN, WIS, Jan, 26.—The
euxiliary schooner Janet Carruthers,
driven asghore near North Head, is'
breaking up today and will be a total
ioss. |
Captain Carney and survivors of
the crew left here this morning for
Seattle, No trace has been found of
six members of the crew who at.
tempetd to reach shore In an open
boat,
i ‘
Death of Wealthy Twins
i Confirmed by Red Cross
~ (By International News Service.)
. NEW YORK, Jan. 25.--Apparent
confirmation of the double suicide of
Migses Gladys and Dorothea Cromwell,
wealthy heiresses of New York City,
was reported by the Red Cross here
today, A cable to that organization
stated that the Misses C(Cromwell
sailed on the French liner La Lor
raine, News dlypatches yesterday
told of their leap to death from the
}de('k of that vessel,
Two Stowaway Deserters
. .
Captured on Freight Ship
NEWPORT NEWS, VA, Jan, 25—
Two American deserters arrived here
¥riday on the freighter Iron. They
were locked in the guardhouse and will
be sent back to France for Jnmlshmem
on the first available ship. One return-
Auitican expedtiionary force siss As
[ v ce A re
"l')l.‘ on the I[ron.
Shaw Reveals Secret
Alliance That Bound
England and Russia
ngland and R
Menace of the Triplice Drove Her to Accept
(zardom Under Pressure of France.
By GEORGE BERNARD SHAW.
L Copyright, 1919, by Star Company.
LONDON, Jan. 25.—At the end of the preceding
article, published in The Sunday American last Sun
day, having traced the direct course of the policy by
which the British Empire broke the power of Germany,
I promised to explain the entanglements which made it
impossible at any moment before the end of the war to
lay that policy bare to the British publie, the British
Parliament or the British historian.
To begin with, the jingo Imperialists and the genu
inely liberal Imperialists were at eross purposes. Lord
Haldane, a Scot, and by far the ablest member of the‘
imperialist trio—Asquith, Grey and Haldane—who
conducted the policy and as Secretary of State for War,!
the acting partner of the eombination, foresaw the war
as a horrible possibility to be avoided at all costs short
of subjugation. He did what a man, a liberal and a
philosopher could to maintain friendly relations with
the Germans, a course which, when the war broke out,
earned him bitter vituperation and even threats of im
peachment as the friend of Germany. - ‘
HOPED KAISER WOULD KEEP QUIET.
‘ His two English colleagues who had drifted into the
combination under French pressure, accepted this as
the correct attitude, and, being peaceable, good-natured
persons, hoped the Kaiser would keep quiet.
‘ The jingoes, on the other hand, were eager for a
fight with Germany. Many of them advocated a sur
prise attack on the German fleet about a year before
the war., : . \
On the initiative of a German Count friendly ad
dresses were exchanged between the leading men of
both countries, full of platitudes about Shakespeare
and Goethe. A sentence was inserted in the first draft
of the British address to the effect that the possession
by Germany of a powerful fleet from being a subjeet of
Jealousy could only be regarded as an additional guar
antee of civilization. : |
It was found impossible to obtain the necessary
British signatures until that sentence was expunged.
Evidently those who refused and those who consented
were in very different attitudes. ‘
Men who were making a necessary provision for de-‘
sense in the event of an attack by Germany were inex
tricably eonfused in the same party with men who could
hardly be induced to wait for a decent pretext before
springing the mine so carefully dug. ‘
| CALLED SURRENDER ‘‘PEACE OFFENSIVE." |
To the latter the avoidance of the war would have
been the worst misfortune that eould have happened to
England. Even when Germany capitulated, they were
still uhder such a terror of pece that they called her
surrender ‘‘a peace offensive.”’ . {
‘ There is a good deal to be said for their view from
the militarist and British leonine point of view. Tam
not here criticising it adversely. 1 am only demonstra
ting the division of opinion and feeling that existed in
the Imperialist camp. - \
Now, if this had been the only division in the party
and in the country, it would not have mattered, as both
sides were agreed on the practical part of the poliey.
Both were equally determined to place the British
Empire in a position to reduce the German Empire to
the degree of a second rate power if she moved toward a
hegemony and to keep ahead of her in naval shipbuild
ing, but there were other seetions whose secession would
Thave wrecked the Liberal Government and who were
fundamentally opposed to the policy. 4
‘ Ifirst, there were the ecommereial non-intervention
ists, Cobdenites, Gladstonians and George Washington.
ians, who objected to meddling in Continental quarrels,
and knew that huge profits could be made out of a war
by neutrals supplying the combatants with war mate
rials.
PREVAILED IN THE UNITED STATES.
On their position I need not expatiate, as it pre
vailed in the United States during the first years of t.hu
WAar,
« With them on the practical point werg the Quakers,
* Continued on Page 2, Column 1, . l
] BECF i i eBoB ob gl eT B B
; THIS EDITION CONSISTS OF
The Following Sections:
- I—Late News. —Editorlal, CRy Lite,
2—Society. Movies, Want Ads,
’ 3-~Sports, Autos, Firlng 5--Magazine.
Line, Finanoe. B—Comies.
} BE SURE YOU GET THEM ALL.
(Copyright, 1913, by the
Georgian Company.)
_PRICE_SEVEN CENTS. 4
e e et
Million Men Discharged andt
i
1,300,000 More To Be Mus
tered out of Service Soon.
'
France Alone Exceeded Americam
Force in Field When Armis+
tice, Ended Hostilities. .
(By International News Ssrvice.)
WASHINGTON, Jan. 25.—Americs
had the second largest army of the
Allies on the western front at the time
the armistice was signed, General
March, chief of staff, announced to
day in his weekly conference with
representatives of the. press.
The Allied armies on the western
front at this time ranked as follows
in proportinate strength:
First—France, total strength of
2,267,000 men.
Second—The United States, to- /
tal stregth of 1,950,100 men.
Third-+~Great Britain, total
strength of 1,718,000 men.
Next ranked Belgium and Italy,
with a total combined strength of
approximately 200,000 men, the gen«
eral said,
Figures Are Complete.
These figures have just beem re«
‘ceived by the War Department, Gen
‘eral March sald, and they are fairly
complete,
~ The suspension of the war-time se
verity of army court-martial sen
tences also was announced by Gen
eral March. The general explained
‘ that during the war sentences for de
sertion, absence without leave, in
‘subordlnatlon and of a llke nature
‘were dealt with great severity. The
suspeggion of the war-time punish
ment, however, does not commute’
those sentences that are now being
served, March declared.
~ All such commutations, hm
ued, must be made by the
himself, who approved the sentences
when they were dealt.
915,553 Men Discharged.
To date 57,366 officers and 858,187
enlisted men have been discharged
from the u:{ny, General March an
nounced, and the number designated
for discharge, fncluding both the
who have served overseas and
who remainéd in this country, is ¢
1,300,000, Reports reaching the War
Department indicate that Great\Brit«
tain has taken to speeding A the
demobilization of her men, the total
since the signing of the armistice be
ing 12,759 officers and 611,450 men of
other grades, .
Will Soeed Un Mail,
The failure of friends and relatives
of members of expeditionary forees
to receive mail from overseas has re
sulted in the War Department taking
action, which General March said
will result soon in the next of kin of
every man in foreign service hearing
from him. Form post cards have been
ordered and will he sent to‘Golwul
Pershing, with instructions that thev
be issued to every man, with orders
that they be filled out and mailed at
once to the next of kin.
A recent War Department order, *
General March observed, has been
misconstrued to mean that men eounld
not wear divisional insignia in the
United States. The department has
no intention of depriving any soldier
of displavie such insignia, he added,
10 Die in Fighting Rod?
General March also read a dispateh
from Archangel, reviewing the recent
action in which the Allied forces wers
forced to withdrAw in the face of at
tacks by the Bolsheviki.
The dispatch, which was dated Jan
vary 23, failed to supplement those
received through press channels, how
ever. The American casualties were
placed at ten killed and seventeen
wounded. s
“The War Department studied the .
auestion of demobilization Very care.
fully before adopting any policy,”
March also wrote, “Two needs of the
country were kept constantly In
mind: First, the resumption as rap
idly as possible of the normal indus
trial life of the country, and, second,
replacement therein of Individuals in
the military forces and in occupa
tions which ended upon the eessation
of hostilities,
The War Department gave serifons
consideration to the plan of making
the order of Aischarge depend on the
availability of industrial positions to
which ihe Individual soldier might re.
turn as opposed to the plan of dis
banding complete organizations in the .
order of their avallability for dis«
charge,
Scheme |s Impracticable.
The former plan was deemed tm
practicable. The preliminary investi
gation discloses that an equitable de
termination of such a schedule, it
practicable at all under present con
ditions in this country, would have
delayed all demobilization beyond
reason. .
“On the other hand, dishandment
of complete military units could bde
and was immediately begun,
In this way the military situatfon
was safeguarded, and at the same
time demobilization was accelerated
If a cross section of industrial or ag
ricultural class discharged had Deen
at once cut across all military or
ganizations, the integrity and eof- .
clency of every unit would have been .
destroyed at the outset, te qon
fusion of orderly procedurs the
retardation of the rb
tion program!™.