Newspaper Page Text
ReAQASAgReRg ke Ko Aakoke Kak o iiie ko kok
flm Autos. Trucks and .
F Accessories =
Py P-4 ]
BY DUNCAN CURRY.
g xplaining that the co-operation of
i e];: a(t'it'ulrers of motor vehicles
f;aderal buerr:e al part in his proposed
) au to prevent stealing of
au®mobiles, and with a view of ob
gllli'\"i"}gofh&r aid, Chief Clerk Frank
> e City Magistrate’s Court
last week sent a circular-letter to all
of the automobile manufacturers,
which follows in part:
“Recently I have been attempting
to secure the interest of State licens
ing authorities, police departments
and insurance companies in the prob
lem of recapturing the stolen auto
mobiles. They expressed immediate
approval of the idea. My plan is to
establish a central agency, either un
der federal government auspices or
under private insurance and manu
facturers’ control, in which all in
formation shall be pooled, of the
licensing of automobiles by State
governments, together with their de
scriptions, owners and reports of po
lice departments, citizens and insur
ance companies of the theft of auto
mobiles. The central bureau would
report to all police departments,
licensing agencies and insurance com
panies the alarms so received. |
“In this way, provided the plan is
efficiently administered, I hope that
it will be impossible to steal an au
tomobile in one State and license it
in another. I hope that it will be
possible upon application for a
license in any -State that the pur
chaser of a stolen car or the thief
who took it will immediately be
brought to account by denial of the
application and action by the police.
“Many States have inadequate
Jaws, and few States, if any, co
operate with each other. Some
States with lax systems can easily,
though not intentionally, become
‘fences’ for stolen cars.
“The men in the insurance busi
ness are upset with the impossibil
ity of recovering stolen cars before
payment is made to the persons who
haye insured Ahem.
ASKS MAKERS' CO-OPERATION.
“T write, therefore, to the gentle
men who manufacture automobiles
and who sell them to the public, sug-|
gesting that thqy give consideration
t 6 a plan which they will combine in
a conference with State licensing |
officials or automobile associations’
for the purpose of outlining a com-{
prehensive system to destroy the
business ofprofitable automobile pil
fering.
“T find tfl\t the manufacturers are
unconsciously responsible for the
slow progress at the beginning of a
search for a stolen automobile.
“The facts generally seem to be as
follows: An owner reports that his
car has been stolen. This report is
made either to the police or to an
insurance company. The owner does
not know all of the numbers of thei
car, the motor number, the axle num- ‘
ber, the transmission number, and
other marks of identification which‘
the manafacturer has. The police
departments and the insurance Cflm-‘
panies through their detective agen
cies immediately write to the manu-l
facturer asking for a complete iden
tification by numbers of the car
stolen.
“Pen days or two weeks elapse be
fore the manufacturer replies to the
inquiry. This can easily be obviated
if the manufacturer Wwill, upon the
sale of twenty-five or fifty cars, {m
mediately send out to State licensing
departments, leading police depart
ments, insurance companies or uum-‘
mobile associations, or to such a bu
reau as 1 have proposed, a list giving
the purchaser and the complete d"-'
seription of the car such as he now
furnishes upon the request of the
police departument after an alarm of
theft.
“These lists, under an efficient sys-‘
tem, will immediately be indexed by
those whose duty it is to gearch for
lost cars and will be at hand imme
diately upon the report by an owner
that his car has been stolen. In
this way ten days or two weeks will
be saved at the start when an owner
reports that his car has been stolen.
ELIMINATE FREAK CARS.
“Again, I find that freak cars are
made up of the component parts of
various cars by shyster repair shops
and crooked service people., If the
matter were given serious considera
tion the art of camouflaging a stolen
car might be annihilated.
“The automobile crooks operate in
organized gangs. It is possible that
there is not sufficient im:n-nult:»’,ln-‘
terest and publie spirit in the auto
mobile world to organize to drive
them out of their game.
“Phe numbers that manufacturers
put on motors and parts are so easily
erased that it is evident that they
should be sunk deeper and m:ndo‘
larger. 1 believe that a public list
of manufacturers' sales should be
very promptly sent out.
“I believe that all manufacturers
ghould deliver to purchasers a mg-|
nified bill of sale, Executed with
formality, with the signatures or‘
agents and purchaser clearly set
forth on some individual paper
property stamped and designed,
“l believe that the time has come
for a general conference of licensing
authorities, police officials, insurance
companies, manufacturers, dealers
and automobile owners, to devise
ways and means to prevent the as
tonishing traffic in stolen automo
biles, 1 therefore request you to re
view, as far as you can, the entire
problem and to let me know if you
will send a representative at a con
venlent time to a conference to take
up in a broad and gensible way the
great problem that I have discussed.”
Chief Clerk Oliver's plan Is inter
esting and well worth considering,
Some weeks aga 1 called attention to
the alarming indrease in the theft of
automobiles, and said that the only
way to stop it, until uniform laws had
peen adopted by all States, would be
to compel every one selling a car to
Why Not a Permanent Curbstone Market for Atlanta’
Will Lower Cost of Living and Encourage Motor Express
o 5 PRI Y;,W o )‘;&\;g fi] LR i,
»: T o » . -. R 2 G 4 3 ol
4 5 e _\\’}?‘ e ¥ BORARG To 44 ¥ 7g B WY SR AR IR ¥ o
ER SN R V\; ,’f :l“ Nm / Q‘J‘}ffr;“‘“ z‘?‘-"té;;{xm' e R)tR W,) 3 KAk i&“fi e o >s i & ~{»
DeseSO Res S T REE Bel ; A |Re g- .
RT S eRe s e BRI i oy TR ¢ v { soB i R W W
TEIE el ey bT R A R S peemt T O T ¥ ; % R ARG | : R
a"“}m oW IIR R Bik o gS S 3gt e i ¢ i
‘(,‘/,g‘?‘l"fié* BRSSP PRy Q,%“ J)Q‘A) TS T TSR SO SR i % bSBt e g o 030 k 5 % Bewaol o R Y . i
TEe s LaT TR S A STR N 8 4 :AR e Wt B B £
‘g‘f‘.:;"::’i?:"'-'-":-?f'( T %&3 2 gfi%:(#\/},{-\‘ 3w B Il R S b X 3 } :3b & B bARWL SR ‘(.) B& ) 3
AN 2AR T R BRREAER 4B¥ SR TR 3N, ‘AR ¢glßo Y b % RR P ORI
b e "’»"7‘:{7'%2( 3’;{“ oikAL S TR o ST . A e ~53“9&. % 35XT oR W G
M e 4o TR s, it G Guck® o SRR A ha Tl
3‘)\)%/‘2, %’éA {;? R f:M».v- Seibihal SO -il S R e LSI Aga‘q’ B M z )éee‘sz?’fll‘;x‘c PR s} i PRI P oia s o ; EE R
RSARe s! R TR 5 :k‘\ GoB»¥RGo Tl ¢AR % % TDOML gRO N o. R A
SYo S> N . b BT oSRRO T, N T 4}», MU e b S .
-9T 3 9 D = a 0 4»»'4-{‘ % ~ %PR s NG e:x PP. % T s \B‘ ‘*'s" At e g -5% one SSR KXy P ‘
Re 2 PR 2o9TR A - Bcs )etN ge o2y R g 1 s s S 7
7s R SRR . B x"f G A RN e % RNi NN eesst ‘EI . A > ; v
eR 8 R ssßeb SNDA S Taal R Y2..0N iT ; 3 ”PAk S »
iz BNB ol 52ARRSlBs Ve o) D Y PR . T L.PRSP 3? RO 3_ R G B 4
go g SR B, o f‘) EHRTIRPC et v SRR ORY X ‘ QAR RRe it y s 2 eoßee 16 e,
TR ke ; PR 3 oS o~ Po 1 ¥ o g% VG Gon Go o ')*'s“ i . %i*oo sS el Iw2 3
: AN A e ;&% BSE PR G \, X AR Lo S T §TR )
LE g ¥B3 . R eNe R ? PR ORISR oSI M M, S e o i\ g 2
£R A & o PR * B R < SRR sbsooo es B 3 :OT vR L gt RS & %
3 |il & iY > : R SR e ""'55-‘-}‘» Se"M S STN e ;@m" ;AT 2AT
?’( ‘; g et > Whaeg b st ‘SLeS RN;A ’ Syl Foo o B o o o BRPESR eR e
?2 By yE L P ook vt et < S B A 3i e 8 e et iR ETR SR & e
io ; % ko Rl e R 3 3 vi\_‘.:-:vfit’ '_ § > N Rbgß <e e 2 __';vg_ oo ¥s i Vi " T
i T S i : TN Ciy T .
T ':‘fi f© - ‘& ; T e 3 ) RO B ;‘%g'“’» ey % )L g
SRR | R 3 . Souieec e R o 2 SRR R R NG By : o
*\Vg }wE 3 ) BR e PO PR -, . e S
Ia DR e : e : & X ol
.\ IS T A 3 ,_ 7o;\ i
BRI, SR S B AR R B BB R g R k. 3e T
S o FR T A
%EX "B gs P{ R
bl Ny R 2 {
. N Ry
Te R Rl L
%SROa T T O A
By Aet S R i 30
o 8 s ks - & s S’}Q‘g
PR £O R e ¢ S Lo 0 5
Os S PN\ 4 5
R R ! T e i
R R
LR e L e
Sda Tt S e ;
Ry s B S
KRR R < e S
R RS 3 R
R By ]
e O IR
B O . sAB
R 1 BB
Yy v B ; .s‘s’fi
8 3 CPR ol
3 it
R g
e TR
o T
2 N SRR % 4
< \'wfir 2 : iy
A 4 B fé' % 3 . > %
A % R %
P S '
£t #]é 3"". . 5 :
v R B e E 4
R %y\,,; SR ¥ P
T ARRE B } v
THE ity 'f«{""g SR T 3 R R y
FeEg o IOT R o : s
B ;‘; ;’:«‘;v i‘. \,§> % .‘5 AR ‘ e
AF R SOREERT T S T e
3 _v&d PPN W P S g 5 b e 4 e & = e
Bel e e P R SRty
R D » %% RIS 2
A R R AR ¥
£ 0 -'fl.g{‘«'"'*. o 7 3 >w<}f-’ &y 7 {
eo M RN e O “a‘y{,fi"’) X
BAR T g o )
B, i g s R ; RP, 2. s =
£ ;,;;»f’; B A : §;s ¥ iss -N/.ég;/’*" T i
g ’»s' Rl R RSR S sAT % L
o I RS O oottt S s
"‘ »NV i \}«’ : B e _;,f,,’ e S "9&:'“1”' s %
Le s SR . BT
é,;;,;.,»;;»4'-'-»:;:;-';'3»"’)1 : YN elßi Bl
ey il SRS TR s ""»"fi:{’b\v L e
PRGN e Rosgs ¥ 3 . R LA s
Ro R ! e NN S
Mo R, L oy
T R B e, o g
B o SRR RS el SR SRR L T
RO e Y Y ; 5 T A TR
Rl e S ”gl« EP ey g
Te SR SRR S ‘3‘- W R T 8
OAR ,fi%,ju BWP A 8 L A TR oTR 5
BRGNS ,v.,,.,»f.w,‘f),y(fim/ 3gt s Rt v £ p
GO B L R R RSI Bt & S
AR N /‘f”:"‘%’i‘ 3 3 ("'- PRER § e
AT LAi ot T K 0 2
Ve B eSR R PR ¢ Fics
B 2 LT R e W s Y i
o A ,;:».»‘fl':“;; SR ePO SR B LR R
TV 0 iR BRI Lk e BIRE iLI e "
] AR OO K
e
R e e
$17,000 for a Four
Year Old British
Car at Auction
LONDON. Aug. 23~—Seventeen
thousand dollars was paid for a four
vear-old car of a well known Brit
ish make at the auction of govern
ment property under the auspices of
the war property disposal board. The
price of the car when new, four years
ago, was just one-quarter what it
brought at auction.
Here is a fine text to point to some
of the bitter criticisms being brought
against the coalition government for
its shrewd policy of embargoes upon
imports. When anybody in England
is willing te pay $17,000 for a four
vear-old car that's a pretty fair in
dication that the supply of British
made motor cars does not come up to
the demand. But by the processes
of the true embargo, which amounts
to an adoption of the protection pol
icy as distinguished from Britain's
former consistent free trade ideas,
French and American automobile im
portations are kept down to the
barest minimum,
American automobile manufacturs
ers who were in business before 1919
are permitted to ship over here ecars
to the number of one-half their 1913
exportations to Britain—a duty of
33 1-3 per cent is imposed upon
them. An American company which
sent 1,200 cars into Great Britain in
1913 may now sell only fifty a month.
When a deduction representing, the
number of demonstration cars for
American agents is taken from this
number the resultant remainder Is
not great,
On the grea, plantation of the i'nit
ed States Rubber Company in Suma
tra one of the chief difficulties of
the plantation managers is to keep
the sources of drinking water free
from contamination. The twenty
thousand natives employed on the
plantations show a fine disregard of
all the rules of sanitation that are
second nature to an American or Ku
ropean. In order that the workers
may always have a cooling drink
without running the risk of drinking
contaminated water, cold tea s served
in liberal quantities. Boys carrying
cold tea pdss frequently from group
to group., 'The company finds that
this practise greatly reduces the
number of cases of fevers of the sort
caused by drinking impure water.
furnish a bill of sale, or, better still,
an abstract of title with every car,
the same as is done with a plece of
real estate, If every one selling an
automobile was compelled to give a
clear title to the car, there would be
few thefts of automobiles, as the
thief could not dispose of them, and
it would also obviate the creation of
an expensive bureau to record and
classify milllons of part numbers,
which would be a necessary adjunct
of Mr. Oliver's scheme,
Ay AVNeTiien
: “ \)”’ a
'fl%,-mj SN ‘. A 0 THINK g
Speed Fiends in
.
Chicago Have to
Visfi: Their Dead
Judge Stelk of the Speeders’ Court,
in Chicago, last week adopted a new
punishment for auto speeders. He
sentenced eight men accused of
speeding to be taken through the
morgue and the county hospital to
gaze on the dead and maimed vie
tims of drivers.
“Two hundred more will be dead
before the first of the year,” said the
judge, “if reckless driving continues
as it has. If those sights don't touch
your hearts nothing will. I think
that a little psychology may do more
than all the fines I can impose; even
the most outrageous violators of the
speed regulations must be touched at
the sight of the suffering faces of
some of these little cnildren.”
The men protested and pleaded to
have fines assessed, *“No,” replied
the judge. “I will postpone your trial
until after you make your trip. My
clerk is in bed in plaster casts now
due to reckless driving.”
In the morgue the drivers saw the
body of a child who had been killed
by a car. In the hospital they saw
fifteen victims of automoblles, some
of whom will never get well. The
eight formed a subdued party when
they had ended their inspection.
Truck Haul Cuts
Huckleberry Price,
Makes Pies Cheaper
“Heavy receipts of huckleberries from
the western part of Michigan brought in
by motor trucks has lowered the price
$1 per bushel for Detroit buyers. Two
truck loads came seventy-five miles,' says
W. K. Hoaglund, president of the Signal
Motor Truck Company, Detroit.
‘““lhis Is just one illustration of what
the motor truck s doing towards cute
ting the high cost of living. While every
one Is talking about what should be done
to the profiteers, the motor truck s acs
tunlly getting resulta.
“Right here in detroit there have been
earlonds of food rrmu-'u spoiled in the
radiroad gdl before me{ could be de
livered. is Is undoubtedly true of every
other ecity. This condition will be over
come at neo distant date when growers
and merchants realize the food, money
and time which can be saved by motor
truck transportation direct from grower
to merchant,
“The truck can be loaded, driven to
destination and unloaded in less time
than it would take to place the shipment
on board the oars, and on shert hauln
The customer will receive fresher products
and at a cheaper rlen‘
“A number of Bignal trucks have been
sold recently to enter this kind of work,
Motor truck transports are being formed
wll aver the country to make regularly
scheduled trips, ocarrying loads hoth ways,
at rates with which the railroads can not
compets
ATLANTA, GA. SUNDAY, AUGUST 31, 1919.
Curb Market Would Help
®
Atlanta in Many Ways
Will Make Rural Motor Express Lines Profitable
and Increase Land Values Around
Atlanta.
BY D. K. ROBERTS.
Automotive Editor of Georgian-American.
The nearer we can approach a direct from producer to con
sumer method of distributing foodstuff the lower will be the cost
of living and at the same time the producer will receive greater
returns for his produce. Every time an article of food changes
hands the more expensive it becomes. Lost motion is an expensive
thing and the cost must be borne by the consumer.
Every unnecessary move or handling of food is an absolute
waste and waste should at all times be intolerable and especially
now with the high cost of living keeping us awake at night. Di
rect from the farmer to the table is a method we all admit to be
potential in reducing the cost of living. This fact is recognized by
the United States Government which is encouraging, in a small
way, this plan threugh the parcel post system. Any system that
will bring us eleser to reahzing the ‘‘farmer to the tablé’’ result
should receive the closest study and thorough support of every
American who has the welfare of the present and future of his
country at heart. 3
A correct and speedy solution to the high cost of food prob
lem in this country is going to prevent a lot of trouble and a great
deal of suffering. This fact is now being realized by all thinking
men and the government is making strenuous efforts to ‘‘crack the
nut.”’ i
Atlanta can take a step at onece that will accomplish much to-‘
wards reducing the cost of food to Atlanta people. This step will ‘
bring the farmer and gardener in direct touch with the ('onsumor.‘
The plan is a simple, but will prove to be an efficient, one. Certain
streets, as near the heart of the city as feasible, should be desig
nated as a city market place. Farmers and gardeners should be
allowed to park their trucks or wagons on these streets and sell
direct to consumer without paying any license or tax of any kind.
Most cities in the South have a central market and all of them have !
proven beneficial to'the public. Farmers and truck growers wouldi
soon learn that better prices could be obtained than they have been ‘
receiving in the past and the public would find that they were‘
buying cheaper and fresher produce. Such g system would not
only lower the cost of living but would result in increased lund|
values and a much richer trade territory for Atlanta merchants
ito draw from. ‘
Another progressive result would be that farmers would learn
that they could, by using motor trucks, drive to Atlanta in an hour
or more, dispose of their produce and be back at work before noon.
This would help the motor truck, tire and gasoline dealers, and
would, at the same time, make good roads boosters of men who now
have little enthusiasm for this important improvement. Rural
motor express lines would soon be established if such a market was
in existance. Several small truck growers could combine their
produce, making one load for the express line and only one of the
gardeners would have to go with the load to dispose of the produce
at the market. This would make a splendid business for the oper
ator of a Rural Motor Express line and would encourage capital
to invest in such an enterprise,
. . .
Birmingham Plans
.
Co-Operative Idea
For Shipping Mills
BIRMINGHAM, Aug. 30.—~A co
operative plan for milk shipments
is being worked out here. A com
mittee from the Chamber of Com
merce hag been ponferring with
representatives from Clanton and
it is expected that shipments will
be begun during the next two
weeks,
Birmingham uses 30,000 gallons
of milk each day, and under the
present system, but 5,000 gallons
are shipped in. The plan s to have
the milk sent by the farmers on
the rural routes to a depot and,
and shipped from there to Hir
mingham via fast train., Other
Alabama towns are expected to
follow the example set by Clanton
in the organisation for co-operative
shipments. This plan would ma
terially lower the price of milk, it
is belleved, and would allow the
farmer a bigger profit on his dalry
products, »
Fo% Training Fligrs
For Royal Air Force
lz FLOYD MACGRIFF,
~ Staff Correspondent of the |. N. 8.
LONDON, Aug. 30.—Englund’'s first
alr force cadet college will be opened
in February, fifty-five cadets being
admitted by competitive examination,
Graduates will become permanent
commissioned officers in the royal alr
foree,
Candidates for the examinations to
be held in November must he between
171-2 and 19 years old. The course
will last two years. During the sec
ond year the cadets will be taught
to fly.
Among compulsory studies will be
English, English history and geog
raphy, mathematics and some foreign
language.
The cadet fliers’ college will be ad
ministered by the air ministry, and
80 far as aviation is concerned will
try to do what the Sandhurst Military
Academy does for the army.
Cadets' eXpenses will be borne by
the state, ’
Carbon and Late Spark
Causes of Overheating
Clogged Radiators and Slipping Fan Belts Are
Also Big Factors—Few Realize Heat
Generated by Engine.
By MERLE SHEPARD. :
Few people realize the tremendous
quantities of heat which are dealt
with in the automobile engine. The
heat generated in one hour by an
engine developing 25 horsepower is
sufficient to raise 335 pounds of water
from the freezing point and turn it
into steam. We do not allow the en
ergy all to go into heat, however, as
we want it preserved for mechanical
delivery of power at the rear wheels,
and consequently we carry as little
heat as possible away through the
jacket and throw it away in the radi
ator. However, it is impossible to get
all of the heat -in the engine trans
ferred into mechanical energy. There
fore, we must have some provigion
for cooling.
When everything is normal, the
temperature of the cooling water as
it leaves the jackets of the engine is
%g:\evm around 180 or 190 degrees
hrenheit. If it begins to rise
above that, which is bolling point,
the engine is said to be overheated,
and since the lubricating oil is de
signed to operate below this temper
ature, and since the engine generally
is designed to run with a tempera
what M(mu are made for cooling
water boiling, it will not per
form well above this point. In fact,
carbon begins to form and the per
formance is generally unsatisfactory.
For this reason it is necessary for
the owner to majntain his engine in
such a way that overheating Is
avoided. Me will be able to do this
much more carefully if he knows
what provisions are made for coiling
his engine, and what are the factors
which tend to raise its temperature.
Neglecting for the moment the air
cooled engine and referring to the
water-cooled, which is in vast mas=
jority, we note that the working por.
tion, or upper part of the cylinder,
Jis surrounded by a water jacket,
Through this water Jacket, by means
of a pump or by themosyphon cir
culation, water is continually passing,
carrying with it the heat from the
cylinder walls and distributing it to
the atmosphere by means of the radi
ator, The jllustrations herewith show
a cut-out section areund the eylinder
bloek, bringing out very clearly the
layout of the water, jackst,
WHERE THE WATER GOES.
The wajer @enerally enters the
jacket on Ae‘r",‘ddo ‘of the engine,
passes th,l'q?:h to the other, and
comes up over the top of the cylinder
in the head. In some engines the
water follows a preconceived pas
sageway. In others, it is allowed to
clroulg(“ freely around the cylinder
block. This part of the construction
is fixed, and the rate of circulation of
the water by means of the pump or
thermosyphon is also fixed and out of
the hands of the driver or car owner,
He can see that they are kept clean
by periodically flushing them out
with a strong soda solution made up
by dissolving a couple of heaping
handfuls of soda in a pail of boiling
water. He can not, however, alter
the water jackets or change the rate
of speed at which the water flows,
This is fixed at the factory. Like
wise, the size of the radiator and
hose connection, ete, are fixed,
The fan is a fixed quantity, but the
fan belt, by means of which most of
the fans are driven, must be Kkept
adjusted properly or the fan will not
run at its proper speed. The belt
will slip, instead of driving the fan,
with the consequence that the re
quired amount of air is not forced
through the radlator, and the heat Is
not carried away. One of the first
All Moon Dealers
Asked to Aid in
Graduate Course
Instructions to lend every ald pos
sible to the good roads movement in
their respective territories has been
sent to all handlers of the Moon car
in the United States by Stewart Mc-
Donald, president of the Moon Motor
Car Company of Bt. Louls, Particu
lar stress has been lald by MceDon
uld on this to his dealers who are lo
cated along the route of the army mo.
tor transport train from Washington
to San Francisco, started July 7. It
{8 expected to reach San Francisco
by the middle of SBeptember, He has
asked them to call attention to the
coming of the caravan of army trucks
in their advertising. The tour is to
pass through Pennsylvania, Ohlo, In
diana, Ilinols, lowa, Nebraska, Wy
oming, Utah and Nevada into Cali«
fornla J
I I N N I T I N S I R
M“ Autos. Trucks and M]
oL Accessories =
sPG REAR LT S a 0 e
things to inspect when the engine
rbexins to overheat and the radiator
starts to boil is the fan belt, to see
that it is not slipping.
Probably the most prolific cause of
heat of all is carbon deposit. The
‘piston has a tremendous amount of
‘heat to radiate. It is working in
‘such a location that it can not come
in contact with the water jacket, ex
cept through the cylinder walls, and
only then at the outside of its diam
eter. The center part of the piston
or the piston head s exposed to the
direct heat of combustion and explo
'sion, and it is natural that it is at
‘this portion that the carbon begins to
form. The result of carbon lofll&
on the piston head is not clearly u
‘derstood by scientists even today.
The theory that the carbon becomes
incandescent’ and causes pre-ignition
{s beginning to be doubted.
‘While the definite occurrence which
takes place is not known, it is known
at a sharp, elinking lmommur
to what would be expected hav
ing the spark too far advaneced, does
take place. It is found that it is im
possible to carry the spark as far
ahead when there is carbon in the
eylinders, and also that the engine is
very prone to overheat because the
carbon forms a heat insulation
which prevents the Tflt from being
carried out to the water jacket.
REMOVAL OF CARBON.
Removing the ecarbon is generally
accomplished on a detachable head
engine by simply taking off the head
and seraping it out. On a fixed head
engine that is not so easy to do, and
probably the simplest means of re
moving it is by burning it out with
oxygen. Only people skilled in per
forming this operation should be al
lowed to do it, however, as there are
certain precautions to be observed if
it ils desired to do the work without
damaging the engine in any way.
Another reason for overhicaling is
traveling with the spark too far re
tarded. The earlier in the stroke that
the explosion takes place, the more
complete the combustion and the
cooler are the exhaust gases. If the
explosion is late, due to a retarded
spark or for any other cause, the ex
haust is anything but cool, and con
sequently it overheats the entire en
&ine, Traveling with late spark cuts
down the power, because a late ex
plosion reduces the effective pressure
~-Or, in other words, the pressure eX~
erted by the exploding gases is lesul
on an average than it is with the ex-!
plosion timed earlier, Generally, on
internal combustion engines, such as
are used for automobiles, the spark
should be s=et so that it is in full
retard position at upper center. That
is, the breaker points of the ignition
should separate when the engine is
on upper center.
Some of the very high speed en
gines are set so that full retard Is
about five degrees after center, but
If there is any doubt on timing the
ignition and you want to check it
over, if you will see that it breaks
on upper center at full retard you
will be on the safe side,
Other frequent eauses for overheat
ing are clogged witer passages,
sometimes due to a flap in the hose,
or scale in the radiator from the use
of hard water, This can be dissolved
by the use of the soda solution pre
viously mentioned. Sometimes the
louvres, or side vents in the hood, are
covered for winter and the covering
i 8 not withdrawn for summer use,
This also tends to overheat the en
gine, and the louvres should be un
covered during the summer, ‘
Penn Rubber Co.
.
Builds Model Town
For Its Employees
In common with hundreds of large
manufacturing concerns throughout
the country, the Pennsylvania Rubber
Company has, for the past two years,
faced a serious shortage of housing
facilities for its workmen, |
The remarkable growth of the mak
ers of vacuum cup tires has brought
a steadlly increasing army of expert
workmen to the town, with the result
that houses were soon at a premium.
The rubber company was quick to
realize that it would be necessary to
take upon itself the necessity of fur
nishing sultable homes. Accordingly,
it purchased approximately 120 acres
immediately south of the plant upon
which it is erecting modern homes.
These homes are not of the type coms
monly known as “factory houses,” but
Careful comparison of the ecost of
shipping by motor truck and by rail,
as made by the Fisk Rubber Com
pany of Chicopee Falls, Mass., shows
that it is cheaper to make shipments
from the factory to New York and
Boston by motor truck than by raile
road express or freight.
The analysis made by the coms
pany’s road transportation depart~
ment, which has been in operation
for some time and has greatly devel
oped, is based on the operation of
fifteen motor trucks, including trucks
of 3-4, 2, 3 and b tons capacity. No
trailers are operated with the trucks
as yet, but the company has been
ccnsidering the use of trailers as a
means of still further reducing its
haulage costs,
Comparative figures are as follows®
Cost Per Ton Mile.
To Boston or New York by motor
truck, full load: 5-ton truck, 6.9
cents; 3-ton truck, 10.5 cents; 2-ton
truck, 13.82 cents; 3-4-ton truck,
17;11‘5 cents,
0 Boston—Expres 20.8 g
freight, 15.2 cents, " o
To New York—Express, 17.6 cents;
freight, 10.4 cents,
Cost Per Ton-Mile by Truck With
Various Loads.
Load Five Tons—Five-ton truck,
6.9 cents,
Load Four Tons—Five-ton truck,
8.6 cents.
Load Three Tons—Five-ton trucks,
ton truck, 10.0 cents.
Load Thre Tons—Five-ton truck,
11.5 cents; 3-ton truck, 10.5 cents,
Load Two Tons—FKive-ton truck,
17.25 cents; 3-ton truck, 15.75 cents;
2-ton trucky 13.5-14.15 cents.
Load One and a Half Tons—Five
ton truck, 23 cents; 3-ton truck, 21
cents; 2-ton truck, 18-19 cents.
Load One Ton—Five-ton truck, 34.6
cents; 3-ton truck, 31.5 cents; 2-ton
truck 27-28.3 cents; 3-4-ton truck,
17.08 cents.
Load Thre-fourth Ton—Five-ton
truck, 51 cents; 3-ton truck, 42 cents:
2-ton "truck, 36-37.5 cents; 3-4-ton
truck, 22.75 cents,
This table emphasizes strikingly
the economy and importance of op
erating trucks at as nearly as possibls
their full capacity and also the su
perior economy of the larger trucks
over the smaller units.
Outgoing shipments from the fac
tory consist of automobile and truck
tires and sundries and incoming ship
ments of tire fabric, litharge and
valves, Following is an analysis of
the freight and express costs, includ
ing haulage at both ends in the case
of freight shipments and war tax on
both freight and express shipments,
Itemized Freight Rates.
Outgoing—— F
Eighty per cent tires, at 63 cents
per cwt.: New York, 50.4 cents; Bos
ton, 50.4 cents. ‘
Twenty per cent sundries, at 42
cents per ewt.: New York, 8.4 cents;
Boston, 8.4 cents,
War tax, at 3 per cent per cwt.:
New York, 1.8 cents; Boston, 1.8
cents.
| Hauling: New York, 45 cents; Bos«
‘ton, 40 cents,
~ Total—New York, 10.56 cents; Bos«
ton, 10.06 cents,
-~ Incoming-—
. Pifty per cent fabric at 305 per
ewt.: New York, 15.3 cents; Boston,
305 cents.
Thirty per cent litharge, at 23 cents
per cwt.: New York, 6.9 cents.
Twenty per cent valves, at 36 cents
per cwt.: New York, 7.2 cents.
. War tax, at 3 per cent: New York,
0.8 cents; Boston, 0.9 cents,
Hauling, per cwt.: New York, 20
cents: Boston, 20 cents.
Total—New York, 50.2 cents; Bos
ton, 51.4 cents. o
Average per cwt.: New York, 779
cents;: Boston, 76 cents,
Cost per ton-mile (rate 20 per cent
milage): New York, 10.4 cents; Bos
ton, 15.2' cents,
Itemized Express Rates.
Outgoing and incoming-—
l')xlixrowskl.un per ewt.: New York,
126.0 cents; Boston, 99.0 cents.
War tax at 5 per cent: New York,
6.3 cents; Boston, 4.9 cents.
Total—New York, 132.3 cents; Bos
ton, 103.9 cents,
Cost per ton-mile (rate, 20 per cent
milage): New York, 17.6 cents; Bos
ton, 20.8 cents,
Thus it is cheaper for a company
in or near Springfield, Mass.,, to do
its hauling to Boston with its own
motor trucks of 3, 3 or 5 tons capac
ity than to ship by freight, l""‘"""“‘d
full loads are carried by the 2 and 3-
ton trucks and loads of 2 1-2 to § tons
are carried by the b-ton trucks, and
is cheaper to haul to New York with
its H-ton trucks, loaded with 312 to
5 tons, than to ship by freight.
To ship to Boston by express “"“{‘
more than to ship by trucks of 1 to §
tons capacity, provided the 11-ton
trucks are loaded to capacity, the
g.ton trucks carry 1-2 to 2 tons, thfl
3-ton trucks earry more than 11-2
tons, and the b-ton trucks carry 13-4
tons or more,
are modern, commodious residences of
stucco and brick, and are sold to the
workmen on such extremely liberal
terms that they are being snapped up
eagerly as soon as erectad. Twelve
have already been completed and are
now occupied. Thirty-three more are
in the course of construction and will
be ready for occupancy not later than
November. Streets are being graded
and improved, and it ls within the
present plans to continue until a min-«
fmum colony of 600 houses has been
completed, set down in the midst of
one of the finest industrial develop
ments in the country, containing com-«
munity center, athletic park, school
houses and fine gtreata