Newspaper Page Text
Wtfhli) jlutelligeiiar.
ATLANTA,GEORGIA,
Wednesday, March 20, 1866.
Military Law—The Second District.
The article of the Charleston Mercury an
nouncing the presence of the Military law in
the second district, contains so much good sense,
is so replete with timely suggestions, and breathes
such a spirit of high and manly self-respect,
that we transfer it entire to the columns of the
Intelligencer, and commend it to the reader’s
attention. A smilar announcement will be made
in this, the third district, in a few days, and the
remarks of our South Carolina cotemporary will
apply with equal force and pertinency here :
“An official order from General J. C. Robin
son announces that the “ Act to provide for the
more efficient government of the rebel States ”
is in force in this department; and our Washing
ton dispatches announce that General Sickles
has been appointed to the command of the sec
ond district, which is composed of the States of
North and South Carolina.
The Military bill and the people of the State
of South Carolina are now brought face to face.
There can be no further evasion of the issue; it
cannot be postponed by discussion or technical
objections. The Military bill is the law of the
South. Sovereign States are divided into mili
tary districts. The State governments are set
aside, all State officers are virtually deposed;
and the district commanders have, as their only
rule and guide, a copy of the Military bill. By
the law they have entire and absolute authority;
it rests with them to say what shall remain, what
shall be changed, and what shall be altogether
swept away.
This is our position, and it is our duty, as brave
and honorable men, to make ourselves equal to
the occasion; it is our duty to determine what
must be done in this saddest hour of our coun
try’s history. Our rights are still our rights; jus
tice is justice still, but the South is under mili
tary law, and the people of the South are power
less but for dignified obedience, and a submission
which the proudest cannot venture to condemn.
There is no need to give up an atom of our self
respect ; there is no need to give up the memory
of that blessed past, to which we so long have
clung; but the military law is the law for us; and
until that law be repealed or modified, it is the law
which the people of the South must obey.
In this crisis we must act With wisdom and
caution. It is our first duty to learn what is re
quired of us ; and to this end the District Com
mander should be requested to state what course
he intends to pursue, and in what manner and to
what extent he will use the powers which are
vested in him. This must be done in order that
we may know what is required of us; and,
whatever be the regulations that District Com
mander may prescribe, we have no alternative
but to obey them to the letter.
This is the first thing to be done; and then, in
the event of the failure of Wilson’s Supplemen
tary bill, we can still choose between the continu
ance of military rule and the humiliation of a
State Convention.
There is no need to dread military rule per se !
There is no reason why life and property should
not be protected under the direction of a Briga
dier General of the United States army, and the
whole logic of the question points to but one
conclusion —we must make the best of that
which we are powerless to avoid.
No one but a madman would counsel mere
physical resistance to the law. Obey we must;
and it is better to do this without any exhibition
of bitterness or ill-feeling. Our only plan now
—the only plan that can avail us—is to make
merit of a necessity.
No one expects South Carolinians to give up
one particle of their veneration and respect for
their illustrious sires; no one expects them to
forget what they have been and what they de
sired to bo. There is no dishonor in having been
conquered as we have been conquered. No one
will dare to say that South Carolinians are dis
honorable or base. No one will dare accuse the
ex-Confederate soldier who obeys the military
law of cowardice of heart, or of falsehood to
those principles for which for many a year he
fought. Obey we muss, and it is well to recog
nize this fact at oh<£ There is no overcoming
this conclusion, and there is no wrong in bowing
to that which cannot at present be overcome.
The Dist r ict Commander will, doubtless, issue
a General Order explanatory of the regulations
placed in force by the Military law ; and, how
ever hard and bitter those regulations may be,
the denizens of District No. 2 are compelled to
submit. History will do us justice; and, surely,
the future historian will give bis meed of praise
to a people who deserved success,but who in de
feat choose obedience to an irrefragable law in
stead of inciting to an open contest, which could
only end in making military rule still more op
pressive. Nothing but additional trouble aud
additional misfortune can result from resistance
or factious agitation. Prudence, good sense, and
our every interest alike condemn a course which
could only aggravate our evils and make our
position more unendurable. What else, then, is
left but obedience to the law and an acoeptance
of the obligations which it imposes upon us I
The Georgia State Lottery tor the Hcnetlt
ot the Masonic Orphans' Home.
We call attention specially to the card of Col.
W. W. Born, the faithful and honorable mana
ger of “ the Georgia State Lottery.” This lotte
ry was granted by the Legislature ot 1860, for
charitable purposes, which appealed to the sym
pathies and judgment of the Legislature.
It appears that recently, some men from New
York by the name ot “ Mclntire,” have been
to Augusta aud commenced drawing under some
old charter, granted in 18'29, to the “ Washing
ton County Academy." That this charter and
all others, previously granted, were repealed by
the Legislature <»» Georgia in 1858, is known
to everybody in Georgia. No man could be de
ceived here, by so palpable and illegal an at
tempt to "draw a lot tery.” The name being sup
pressed under which they draw is itself evi
dence of its illegality. But, in New York, where
we see by our exchanges, these parties, who
figure under the name of “Mclntire A C 0.,”
are publishing in the press the drawings of “The
Georgia State Lottery,” drawn and authorized
by the “General Assembly ot Georgia,” under
their names as managers, by (false repre
sentation ot their connection with the legal lot
tery, of which Col. Boyd is manager, in the
name used, the fraud is apparent and should be
exposed, and the parties guilty of gross, it not
false, misrepresentation be punished. As appears
by Col. Boyd’s can!, there was no authority to
draw “ the Georgia Slate Lottery,” by those par
ties ; and, as everybody knows, this is the only
lottery authorized by the act ot “ the General
Assembly of Georgia”—all other lottery grants ;
having been repealed by the acts ot 1858.
In this connection we may add, that we un
derstand Judge Lochrank, so long the able
professional representative of lottery interests in
this State, has made application to His Honor.
Judge Erskine, for injunction, which we have
no doubt will be successful in stopping these il
legal and fraudulent drawings.
QotßTio.v—The National Intelligencer wants
to know what becomes of the State of West
A irginia it Governor Pierpoint is not the legal
Governor of Virginia. His signature validated
the act giving the consent of the Slate to divi
sion It he was not the Nn-i fid: Governor,
what becomes ot the act itself ? It the South
ern States are net States, how comes it that
United States Courts arc held in their midst and
appeals taken thence to the Supreme Court'
"Alkxandri v —The city of Alexandria is not
to be taker, from Virginia and attached to the
tree and enlightened District of Columbia just
yet. as the project has been overslaughed in Con-1
gress tar a while at least.
What Shall the People of the South Do ? I
Various impressions prevail with regard to |
the duty of our people under those recent en
actments of Congress which place them under
military government, and which prescribe also
for the Southern States the mode by and through
which they shall be reconstructed in the “Union.”
The following, which we clip! from the Wash
ington City National Intelligencer,mid which was
doubtless designed to impress the Southern mind,
we lay before our readers, for their considera
tion, offering no comment upon the counsel em
braced in it, but endorsing most heartily that
journal’s belief in “the superiority of intellect
and ot culture” of the white race, and their ul
timate triumph, it they but “do themselves jus
tice,” over any other with whom they may come
in contact, grant the latter what privileges the
government may. Says our Washington City
cotemporary:
“Whatever force there may have been in the
argument that the South could take no action
under the Sherman-Shellabarger bill without
voluntary participation in its own degradation,
is now destroyed by the bill which passed the
House of Representatives. That takes the ques
tion of holding a convention out of the realm of
popular consent, and confers it upon the military
commander. He is enjoined to make a registra
tion and to order an election. Whatever may
be done, therefore, is done under military duress,
and it is the part of wise men to accommodate
themselves to circumstances. The registration
will be made. The election will be held. The
negroes will vote. Shall the whites abstain ? If
inaction accomplished aught, we might under
stand why men should advise it; but when the
practical effect of inaction will be to secure the
adoption of a State Constitution by those who
do act, and an application for admission into the
Union from men who have voted, while this in
action will put arguments in the mouths of men
who have already too much control of the Gov
ernment, we cannot exactly see the wisdom of
hesitation. Those who abstain now from choice
will abstain hereafter from necessity. No one
appreciates more fully the inequity of this kind
of legislation ; no one realizes more keenly its
inconsistency with republican principles; no one
more heartily deplores the stab it gives to consti
tutional government; no one is more aliyg/To
the dangers which beset the new order of things
which it is proposed to inaugurate ; "TVertheless,
we believe in the superiority of intellect and of
culture ; and, if they do themsel, es justice, they
are bound to control.”
An Amendment Demanded.
Under the foregoing heading the National In
telligencer comments as follows upon that supple
mental clause of the bill of Mr. Wilson, which
requires that the Southern people shall swear
that they are “earnestly attached to the Union
and Government of the United States.” It is
is enough, says that able and conservative jour
nal, that “they take the other clause of the oath
—“that I will steadfastly support the Constitu
tion, and obey the laws of the United States; and
that I will, to the best of my ability, encourage
all others to such support and obedience.” To
ask men to swear earnest attachment to a gov
ernment which denies them their rights, even
though willing to support and obey it, is simply
an outrage. The first is a matter of sentiment
—the last a matter of obligation. Legislation has
nothing to do with the former, and this, if inten
tional, is simply a piece of malevolent ingenuity,
contrived to prevent sensitive men from voting.
It will catch only the most high-toned and scru
pulous—the very men whom it should be the po
licy of a wise and liberal government to bind
while it will not interfere in the slightest with
others. The words are totally unnecessary.—
They will be construed into an affront, and they
are outside of the sphere of just legislation. We
hope, therefore, that the Senate will strike them
out, and let the oath simply pledge fealty and
obedience and personal influence in favor ot
both."
Outside the sphere of just legislation the whole
civilized world will pronounce the exactions com
mented upon in the foregoing which we made up
on the Southern people unjust, and it is most ear
nestly to bo hoped that the “amendment de
manded” by our able and patriotic Washington
cotemporary will prevail in the Senate.
The Involuntary Features of the Bank
rupt Bill.
The Philadelphia Inquirer sums up the causes
which will authorize a creditor to proceed against
a debtor, under the Bankrupt law, as follows. —
We copy from the Augusta Constitutionalist:
“First. The voluntary departure of the debt
or from the district, or Territory, of which he is
an inhabitant, with intent to defraud his creditors.
Second. Concealment by a debtor, to avoid the
services of legal process, in any action of debt
or upon demand.
Third. Concealment or removal of property
to prevent its being attached, taken or sequester
ed on legal process.
Fourth. The assignment,gift, sale, conveyance
or transfer of estate property, rights or credits, in
this country or abroad, with intent to delay, de
fraud or hinder creditors.
Fifth. Being arrested and held in custody un
der mesne process of execution for a debt valid
and provable under the Bankrupt law’ exceed
ing one hundred dollars, if such process is not
discharged by payment or by law within seven
days.
Sixth. Actual imprisonment by process in a
civil action upon a demand exceeding one hun
dred dollars, founded on contract, for more than
seven days.
Seventh. The payment, gift or transfer, sale or
conveyance of property or money to any person
in contemplation of bankruptcy, the party being
bankrupt or insolvent at the time.
Eighth. Giving a warrant to confess judgment
in contemplation of bankruptcy.
Ninth. Suffering property to be taken in exe
cution, or on legal process, with an intent to give
a preference to one or more creditors.
Tenth. Suffering property to be taken in exe
cution or on legal process, with intent to give a
preference to indorsers, bail or securities, with
intent to delay or to deteat the operations of the
act.
Eleventh. The fraudulent stoppage or sus
pension by a banker, trader or merchant of pay
ment of his commercial paper, not resumed
within fourteen days.
Any person thus liable for the acts designated
may be made a bankrupt w ithin six* months
alter their perpetration, on the petititiou of one
or more of his creditors, the aggregate of whose
debts amount to $250. Nor is this all. The
transaction which caused the bankruptcy is void,
aud the assignee may recover back property
transferred or money paid by the bankrupt; pro
vided, that the person receiving it had reasonable
cause to believe that a fraud was intended, or
that the debtor was insolvent. And furthermore, j
such person so implicated in the fraud, if a I
creditor, shall not be allowed to prove his debt
against the bankrupt, and must lose it altogether.
It will thus be seen that this act not only gives |
to the debtor who has been honest but unfor
tunate the means of relieving himself from hi
burden, but it guarantees to the creditor a remedy ■
against fraudulent practices ; renders dispositions
of property in favoritism and preference void,
and punishes not only the party making such
preference, but him w ho has to receive the t»eue- '
tit. Against involuntary bankrupts, orders of:
arrest aud imprisonment may lie issued, and they
may he either confined or made to give bail for
their apiwarance. These regulations may affect
business very much, and it is the duty of every
one having transactions with others to make
himself master ot the directions ot the law, so
that he shall not render himself innocently liable ,
to punishment”
Finis I’oi.osi.e —The St. Petersburg papers
state that the Russian government has decided
on obliterating the name of Poland. From
April next the name ot “Kingdom cd Poland"
will be replaced by that of "The Military Dis- <
trict ot Warsaw.” "The courtesy of the langu
age of "executioners, adds the 7< "is always
“an aggravation of the punishment.”
The of the South.
Our readers will notice in our telegraphic col
umn that the “Supplemental bill” to the Sher
man Military enactment, providing for a recon
struction of the Southern Statcsintothe“Union,”
apd which has been before the United States
Senate for several days past, has at last passed
that body and been transmitted to the House,
where it will no doubt be concurred in without
any material, if any, change. M c suggest that
our readers give to the provisions of this impor
tant measure, a careful reading. In doing so,
they cannot fail to perceive that Congress has
taken the matter of reconstruction into its own
hands, and has directed most emphatically and
imperatively how it shall be accomplished. It
were folly now to controvert so glaring a fact, and
all that our people are now authorized by the
“situation” to do, may be summed up in these
words —“do the best you can under all the cir
cumstances to promote your best interests, and
trust in God.” The conqueror has imposed his
terms; the conquered must submit to them. —
What is most important to save when a people
have come out of a contest vanquished, are life
and honor. These have been preserved by our
people, and it now behooves them for the sake of
the women and children of the land, and the re
storation of its prosperity, to obey the laws en
acted for their government, and patiently bide the
time when they shall again walk the earth erect
as freemen, invested withall those political privi
leges and civil rights which the men of the
North possess and exercise, for that time will
surely come.
It is probable that in a few days the Military
Commander of this, the third district, will as
sume command of it, and issue his orders.—
These we shall not anticipate, but if they should
be similar to the following, in spirit and in fact,
issued by General Schofield upon assuming
maud <ii the first district, or
be, we trust, that our people
obey them to the letter Tl '' ..
lIEAjyyx RTI . JJS Plnsr
> bTAn :
' K ICIIM O N
thy,, i.
1 In CompliaiK wit«
ill_ ! l c I
act of ('<>ngr»-ss of MarclfCJi
11. All officers under the c.xi: '
Government ol the Stale ot \
timie to perlorm the duties of
oltiee- according to lav, , >:• . o',
■il'e: ordeie'i in indivi lo
shall be dull ■ G and
cordam c wit 1: the a num
ill. ii :- u< simi '. in" : ■
ierre I l.y !>•
only so tar asm::;, necm
the'object- which mm
and the under.-igned appeal; • .wfcAg&v i
Virginia, anti i-pi i mdy to m.im H h
civil < ilicers, to render tin- n •ces.-'.t\
ercise ol this power as slight as possiblKßßMj
obedience lo the laws, and l>\ imp •,>
tration of justice to all classes. ©■sV?* '
IV. The staff officers now on
quarters Department ol the Potomac,4®
ed to corresponding di;ties at J leadq yjW I'Jfe’J
District, State of Virginia.
J. M.
Brevet
Official : S. F. Chai.itn,' -
Assistant AilmH
Bankrupt Act
A Washington date states lx*;
t'li .-eh. -ho vly overwhelmed
u.r appointumn's a > llegi-b-io
nipt Act. ' that tie will not
one until after the meeting of the SuprelMß®®
in April next. Where several counties are em
braced in one Congressional district, one register
will probably be selected for each county, and
none will be appointed except lawyers who stand
at the head of their profession, will be rigidly ex
amined, as these positions are regarded as of as
much importance as that of United States Dis
trict Judge, and the fees will be fixed by the Su
preme Court so that the best attorneys can afford
to attend to it. Where there are any number of
persons who desire to take the benefit of the |aw,
the position of register will be very profitable.
Let the South Beware.
One of the first objects hoped to be accom
plished by the recent military’ reconstruction
bill, is a division of the people of the South into
parties, in relation to it. The New York Eve
ning Post thus states the case:
“ The movements for reconstruction under the
act of Congress will produce one very much
needed result —they will divide the Southern
people into parties once more. There must
henceforth be two political parties there, as there
are and always have been in the Northern States;
and by means of the negro vote these two par
ties will be in every State so nearly balanced in
strength that each will have to respect the other’s
rights ; and each will be able to insist upon its
ow n rights. This once done, the Southern States
must inevitably and quickly advance in liberal
sentiments and in love of country—for it needs
only free discussion, thorough discussion, to en
able the people everywhere to see the right, to
recognize their best interests, and to lead them
to cast awaj’ the false leaders whose stupid blun
ders and criminal ambition brought such ruin
upon the Southern States.”
The Future Foreshadowed.—We take the
following paragraph from the Richmond Times
of the 12th inst:
Never before have our citizens been subjected
to such insults as they received on yesterday from
the negro soldiers that arrived here on Saturday,
la different sections of the city they were fight
ing among themselves or with other negro or
white soldiers, brandishing their pistols and bay
onets, frightening ladies and children, and in
many instances endangering their lives. But
the crowning insult was that offered to the Gen
eral Assembly. About half-past two o’clock a
squad of about twenty of the negro soldiers,
with closed ranks and bayonet in sheath, and
commanded by a burly negro, marcbed around
the Capitol building in which the Legislature
was in session. As they passed arotind they
vociferously cheered for the Union and the Shel
laberger bill, and frequently shouted, “If you
bad accepted the constitutional amendment, you
would not be out here in the cold.”
The Beginning.—The Norwich, Connecticut,
Advertiser says:
The people of Norwich and vicinity have been
startled by the announcement that the house of
Orray, Taft & Co., of Providence, one of the
most wealthy and enterprising cotton manufac
turing establishments, has been forced to suspend
under the pressure of a falling market.
We understand that several other heavy houses
have gone down with Tati A Co., and we are
told that still others are in a precarious condi
tion. What will be the extent of the crash it is
impossible to predict, for this occurrence has
shaken the fabric of credit in New England to
its center.
When did Slavery Cease —A suit was re
cently brought before Judge Duvall, in the Uni
ted States Court at Austin, Texas, to recover the
value of a note given for some negroes in 1864.
The defense alleged that the sale, taking place
after the emancipation proclamation was issued,
was illegal, and that there was no consideration.
The jury held that the decease ot slavery must
be dated at the military occupation of the State
by the Federal troops. The case will go to
Washington.
Chattanooga.--Notwithstanding the immense
destruction worked by the recent flood at Chat
tanooga, wc learn through the American Union
that the enterprising businessmen ot the city are
all at work again, repairing damages, and ma
king everything trim and snug. The paper states
that it is impossible to estimate the amount of
loss at present, but it is immense.
Population of Montgomery.—The Mont
gomery papers give the following as the popula
tion of that city at the last census:
White Males 2,910
Colored Males 3,181
Majority for colored males. 271 !
White Females ... 2,615
Colored Females 4.355
Majority for colored females 1.740 j
The Sevens. —The Augusta Press says the ;
sevens are proverbially hard years, and from
present indications-the present is to be no exc- p
ti.m to the rule. la 1837, 1847 and 1857. the
country was shaken by severe financial revul- j
s ons and everything indicates that 1867 will
exceed any of the “seven sisters” in the tnagni- |
tude ot its calamities.
Sound Advlee from a Republican Source.
We deprecate, at this juncture particularly
everything calculated to promote division, or
perpetuate the discrepancy of feeling which, to
some extent, prevails among our people. We
think such a spirit should be studiously avoided
by the press, and a feeling ot harmony and one
ness of sentiment be daily cultivated. We
must, however, beg leave respectfully to ask the
attention of the loyal men, par excellence, within
the range of our circulation, to the article below,
copied from the editorial columns of that promi
nent and leading radical journal, Raymond’s
New York Times, and commend the views it sets
forth to their attention and serious consideration.
We will also state that the views here expressed,
as we know from unfailing sources, are the views
entertained by the leading and thinking mem
bers of the Republican party at Washington:
[From the New York Times, 11th.]
Southern Loyalty.—We believe fully in
the duty and necessity of protecting men in the
Southern States who stood by the Union cause
during the war. They should be shielded by
the National Governn e.it from persecution of
every kind, and their necessities and interests
should be consulted so far as possible, in all pro
visions for the future government of those States.
But we are by no means satisfied that it will
answei to allow those who call themselves loyal
Southerners in all cases to dictate measures of
reconstruction, and possess themselves of all
political power in the Southern States. Justice
does not require this, nor will good policy per
mit it. Their numbers do not justify any such
action in any of the Southern States, —and in
case of many of this class of persons neither
their wisdom nor their services to the Union
cause warrant them in making any such de
mand. Many of them left, the Southdta<gMd|
the rebellion merely to avoid
but they were jn-t
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of
and March winds dry off the
ground,-’’everything must be put in motion, and
nothing omitted from the necessary preparations
to make a fair start, and keep pace with the
season. The first great work of the year’s oper
ations is
PLOUGHING.
This embraces the proper breaking up of all
sod-land, and all such as may be prepared for
seeding down to grass for two or more years. It
is to be borne in mind, constantly, that it is not
mere cropping and its results that we are aiming
at, but lasting improvement,
and tliat of this the very foundation is good
ploughing- a through breaking up—of that
which we cultivate, and breaking from such a
depth as will continually increase the bulk <>f
fertilized soil. Below the very deepest we have
yet reached, there is a lower depth, which we
need not fear to invade one or two inches far
ther. This for the permanent improvement of
the land. For the present crop, and as a point
of mere labor-saving, one good, thorough plough
ing is equal to three imperfectly and indiffer
ently executed.
In any ordinary soil, we should not be content
with less than seven inches, and the nearer we
can approach twelve, the better. The sub
plough will readily break to the depth of fif
teen inches. There may be soils that form an
exception to the rule of deep ploughing, and
which, from some hurtful property of the sub
soil, need to be deepened gradually, but they
are so rare, we think, as not to give any concern
in our ordinary operations. AV iieie there is risk
of harm, the ground should be deepened in
the fall.
A deep soil is the very first requisite for the
1 successful cultivation of almost every crop.
- Bummer crops, so very uncertain in a shallow
i soil, are, in a deep one, almost insured against
the vicissitudes ot the season. Planted in a
bed of twelve inches, our all-important corn
' crop would not fail of good yield one year in
i twenty.
Except on the lightest lands, three horses to
the plough are necessary to break sod-land
properly. As ample strength of team, as well
1 in number as condition, is most necessary to the
success of farm operations, see to it now’ that
anv deficiency is promptly supplied.
The master should bestow the most careful
supervision, to insure that the plough, the
gearing, and every other requisite be in proper
order, and that his work be- not slighted by the
ploughman.
East Tennessee.—A dispatch from Knox
ville to a Northern paper contains some addi
, tional particulars of the flood :
The towns along the Holston and Tennessee
rivers all suffered severely. Dandridge, Lenoirs,
Loudon and Kingston were all partly submerged.
Whole houses were swept down the river, filled
with household food and supplies. The farmers
living near the French Broad and Holston rivers
lost everything they had. Houses, barns and
fences were washed away, and the stock all
drowned. Great numbers of wealthy farmers
are left with nothing but their bare lands, with
crops all washed out or thickly covered with se
diment. One farmer living on an island in the
French Broad had houses anil barns washed
away, his corn and cribs swept off, and all his
stock, save two horses, drowned. He carried 1
his family oft in a boat, and they are left per- 1
fectly destitute. Mr. Meredith, living on the t
Holston, near Bristol, lost a flour mill and a |
foundry, his house and all his stock ; loss over
fIO,OOO. Vast quantities of corn had been gath
ered and stored on the river banks, waiting for s
high water. All this corn, thousands of bushels, <
on the Clinch, Holston and French Broad rivers, '
was swept away. Mr. Fain lost 7,000 bushels in '
one lot. It is estimated that over 100,000 bush- 1
els ot corn were lost in this way. Thousands of s
bushels are now covering the bottoms, buried in ’
the mud. The railroads all lost heavily.
Chatham County.—The Savannah Republi- *
can of Friday, publishes the following list of I j
prisoners who took their departure, a day or two j ]
ago, from the County Jail of Chatham, for the | t
rural shades of Milledgeville: I 1
Chas. Abner, forgery, two years hard labor in ! !
the Penitentiary.
Titos. T. O'Neil, horse stealing, four years. | ,
John P. O'Neil, horse stealing, four years. j ’
Patrick Murner, charged with murder, verdict .
manslaughter, five years.
Thomas Williams, forgery, five years.
COLORED. - S
James Gibbons, alias Harris, larceny after ■ t
trust, four years. , t
Peter Brown, larceny from the house, three ! C
years. i r
Sawney Harris, larceny from the house, four j t
years. _ ' Ip
Albert Wilson, forgery, six years. r
M m. Bennett, horse stealing, two years. u
Eugene Grant, robbery, four years. , o
| Gibbons Stevens, murder; plea, guilty man- c
; slaughter; four years. “ I t:
Allen Dorcey, roblrery, three years.
I Griffin Gamble, robbery, three years.
! Jeremiah Gilmer, manslaughter, one year. iy
Daniel Powell, assault with intent to murder,'
! seven years. n
a
A Sensitive Man.—Near Philadelphia, in the g
State of Pennsylvania, lives a hale and hearty I a
i man. possessed of the most sensitive feeling® o
i M ben his wife goes into the yard and saws wood ft
I for halt a day, he sits by the fire with tears in . ri
his eyes. j (
Education—An Address to the Parents
and Public of Virai«»l«, b y General R.
E. Lee and Professors Minor and Dab
ney.
General Lee and Professors Minor and Dabney
have published an address upon the subject of
education, which is so judicious, practical and
sensible in its views, that wc transfer it to our
columns. It will well repay an attentive perusal
by every person who is interested in the educa
tional training of children.
The address is as follows:
The undersigned have been appointed, by the
“ Educational Association of Virginia," a com
mittee to address you on their behalf, “urging
you to a more hearty co-operation with teachers,
in matters of instruction, discipline, &c.”
The benefits which would be secured to edu
cation, and the aid which would be afforded
teachers by such co-operation, would be very
great; as all who have any experience on the
subject must be aware of the obstacles at the
very threshold of education, arising from the
want ot proper family management. If, there
fore, they can be removed, much good will be
attained. Since the teacher is properly to be
regarded as the parent’s agent, to assist in the
training of his children, it appears obvious, that
parents may be best induced to this important
concurrence, by pointing them to the fundamen
tal principles to be observed in the education ot
youth.
In its broad, comprehensive sense, education
embraces the physical, moral and intellectual
instruction of a child, from infancy to manhood.
Any system is imperfect, which does not com
bine them all, and that is best, which, vyhffiyW
thoroughly develojxs them,
animal affections of
ilu- 11’.Lilicr
. ' '
Jpni'ii'l. Xeitlii-r \ i.-i< IHT
-'..l'l'iy in iniiid, th ii > miv
must show him that hecancon
■®roimself. One of the most common errors in
B the management of children is irregularity of be
havior towards them. They are as skilful, as
' pertinacious in their attempts to gratify their self
will ; at one time trying to evade authority, at
another to oppose it. It they once succeed, they
1 are encouraged to persevere, and it is necessary
' for the parent to meet the first attempt with
' firmness, and not permit himself to be baffled
either by evasion or resistance. Although a child
: may not yield to threats, and may defy puuish
' ment, he cannot resist patient kindness and gen
tle admonition.
The love of truth is equal in importance to ha
bitual obedience. Every encouragement, even to
tne pardon in i’of offenses, should be given to its
cultivation. The first impulse of the mind in
children is always to speak the truth rather than
falsehood, unless some evil motive arise to sway
them to untruth. They should be accustomed
to hear the truth always spoken. Confession of
error, with a, detestation of falsehood, dishonesty
and equivocation, should be sedulously inculca
ted. A strict adherence to promises made to
them is of the utmost importance, as well as the
removal of all temptation to misconduct.
The influences of Christianity form the essen
tial element ot moral character; as its principles
are the only sufficient basis of virtue or happi
ness. Hence, the parent’s most sacred duty to
bis child is to impress the sentiments of our holy
, religion early upon his mind, by personal ex
. planation aud systematic instruction. As the in
tellect expands, its sacred truths will be compre
hended and felt, and its motives and principles be
strengthened and confirmed by practice and
habit.
An essential part of the education of youth is
to teach them to serve themselves, and to impress
upon them the fact that nothing can be acquired
in this world without labor, and that the very
necessaries and comforts of life must be pro
cured. by earnest and regular exertion. They
should also be taught to know that after having
been reared and educated by their parents, they
should not expect them to provide further
for them, and that their future subsistence
and advancement must depend upon them
selves. Parents sometimes commit the mis
take of allowing their children, after having
reached a period of life when they ought to be
engaged in making a livelihood, to rely upon
them for support. This encourages them in in
jurious idleness, and destroys their spirit of self
dependence, which is necessary for their advance
ment in life, and causes them to appear so un
reasonable as to depend upon them, after having
arrived at an age when they should think and
act for themselves.
The choice of a profession is not of so much
consequence as the manner in which it is pur
sued. Ii habits of self-control and self-denial
have been acquired during the season of educa
tion the great object has been accomplished.—
Diligence and integrity in any useful pursuit of
life will be sure to secure prosperity and fame,
and success will result from engaging in that bu
siness in which the generality of mankind are
interested.
Such being the correct view of education, the
support and co-operation which faithful teach
ers should receive from parents can be easily in
terred by the good sense of each one. We only
ask especial attention, in concluding, to the fol
lowing suggestions, which our experience has
shown to be of prime importance:
1. The parent, after committing his child to
the teaching of another, should continue to man
ifest an affectionate interest in his improvement,
by constant inquiry and encouragement.
2. The supplying of young persons, while ab
sent from their homes, with needless money, and
the permission to contract debts, is to be repro
bated, as tempting to a sinful prodigality and
multiplying the dangers of contracting habits of
vice.
3. The proper authority of teachers must be
firmly sustained by parents.
4. Every young person should be informed by
his parents that he must give diligence to profit
by his studies, or else must be compelled to make
himself useful to society by actual labor in some
humbler sphere.
And last, an unworthy parent cannot reasona
bly expect the teacher, against the current of his
wrong example, to form his son into a worthy
man.
R E. Lee, 1
John B. Minor, ,-Com mi tee.
R. L. Dabney, )
March 8, 1867.
Cereal Crops in the South.
While the press of the South generally is com
mending our planters to plant more corn and
less cotton, the subject is attracting some atten
tion North. The New York World, of the 13th,
has an article on the subject as follows :
Several of the leading Southern journals are
suggesting to the planters the policy of planting
cereals, and devoting no more land to the culture
of cotton, rice, and sugar than may be necessary
for home consumption. The starvation in some
sections of the South is a serious argument in fa
vor of this course for the coming season. There
is a deal of difficulty in making contracts with the
freedmen for the long season necessary to perfect
the sugar and cotton crops; but less time, fewer
laborers, and far less expense will suffice to fill the
barns and granaries of the South to overflowing.
It is getting to be generally believed, too, that cot
ton is the main source of continued difficulties be
tween the Northern and Southern-States and be
tween the white employers and black laborers in
the South. TLe Southern advocates for universal
corn-planting claim that, so long as the South con
tinues to raise cotton, one-filth of which is paid to
t he government at once, while the remainder goes
to the Northern manufactories, or, in other words,
so long as the South employs its capital and labor
for I he benefit of the North, the North will lie rich
and the South poor; the North will be the mas- j
ter and the South subordinate. With regard to
the lat>or question, the raising of quick crops, re
quiring little culture, like wheat and corn, will
render the planters comparatively independent of
the freedmen, and will open the way for the em
ployment of white immigrants, since these crops
require next to no attention in the hot summer
months. Whether the arguments are to the point
or not, it is quite certain that an immense area of j
corn will be planted in the South this season, and
that the cotton crop will be less than usual.
Arrested. —The Charleston Courier says:
We learn that three negroes, charged with the
murder of the late Captain George C. Heyward,
and against whom there is strong evidence of j 1
guilt, have been arrested and committed to jail
at Gillisonville. The facts and circumstances
connected with the murder, as given by our in- I
'ormants, the sons of the deceased, do not mate- '
rially differ from those already reported in the
Courier. j i
The Manufacture* of Atlicnv, and its VI-j
clnity.
A writer who signs himself “A. C. sends the
Augusta Constitutionalist the following interest
ing information in regard to the Manufactures ot
Athens, Georgia, and its vicinity:
The history of manufacturing in Georgia runs
back near forty years, and although commend
able progress has been made during that period,
the business may be regarded as still in its infancy.
Many enterprises have been commenced without
the necessary capital, and conducted without
sufficient prudence and skill. These having failed,
have exerted in many sections a depressing in
fluence, and contributed to lessen public confi
dence in their success. The progress of manu
facturing has been thus retarded, its develop
ment lias been checked, and many capitalists have
been indut-ed to seek investments in other direc
tions. Still, much has been accomplished. Even
our failures, disastrous as they have been to in
dividual-stockholders, have contributed to warn
others of danger, and pointed out the means of
avoiding it; and for this reason, the establish
ments that have survived arc probably upon a
sounder footing than they might otherwise have
been.
To Alliens belongs the honor ol erecting the
first cotton factory in Georgia. This was called
the
GEORGIA FACTORY.
The first building, which was of wood, was
erected in 1829, by a joint stock company,
North Oconee river, four miles
went into operation
and T) loom-.
j
i'ii 'ii'-'. Tin-
’ r ' h uiil'. i!h- Athens Mann
• loi'in,'i. iio ,Ti-< ii'.i ii, \v Irina!
B Wrton and wool factory. The business was con
tinned until November, 1857, at which time tht
e factory was again burned. It was r built in 1858
' and last year additions were made, increasing its
capacity from 2,000 to 4,000 spindles. Over 7C
looms are kept running upon white and colored
1 cotton goods. The present capital is $92,000
and employment is given to about 125 opera
? tives. There is a superior flouring-mill connected
with the factory, located on the opposite side ol
1 the river. Mr. R. L. Bloomfield is the present
f agent of the company.
1 PRINCETON FACTORY
1 Is situated on Middle Oconee river, three miles
j from Athens. It was built in 1833-34, by a
- joint stock company, witba capital ot $50,000.
. In a few years, the late William Williams, one
of the original corporators, became sole pro
prietor. After bis death it was sold to a Com
a pany, and was operated until some time in 1866,
s when it was closed. It gave employment to
j about 70 hands, in the manufacture of yarns,
i shirtings, osnaburgs and stripes The present
p capital of the company is $54,000.
PIONEER PAPER-MILL.
This enterprise, the oldest of the kind in the
I State, was commenced in 1847, by Messrs. Chase
& Linton, and began the manufacture of paper
* in the spring of 1848. In 1858 it was destroyed
e by fire ; and after being rebuilt, was again burn
ed in 1861, and again rebuilt in 1862. It i.-
j situated on Barber’s creek, tour miles from
” Athens, and lor several years has been the prop
erty of a joint stock Company, with a capital
' of $30,000. It is now in successful operation,
z turning out about 600 lbs. of printing papei
daily, and employs from 12 to 16 hands. Mr.
Albon Chase is agent of the company.
, THE ARMORY
1 comprises one or two fine brick buildings, and
a number of wood dwelling-houses, on the east
, side of the river at Athens, erected by Messsrs.
s Cook & Brother during the war. The onlj
portion of the establishment now in operation
j is the flouring-mill. The machinery has been
. removed, but the buildings arc adapted t<
■ almost any kind ol manufacture, and it is to be
; hoped they will soon be thus occupied.
ATHENS FOUNDRY AND MACHINE WORKS.
These works are located in the town of Ath
! ens, and are operated by steam power. They
commenced operations in 1857—were burned
r in 1863, and’rebuilt the same year—since which
’ they have been in successful operation. Be
' sides an extensive repairing business, these
1 works manufacture mining and mill machinery,
iron railing, agricultural implements, &c., giv
ing employment to about twenty hands. Cap
ital, $25,000. Mr. R. Nickerson, agent.
THE ATHENS BOBBIN WORKS
are on a small water-course, just out the cor
porate limits of the town. They were put in
operation in 1852, and make bobbins and spools,
used by cotton and wool factories, and various
kinds of turned work. Employs eight to ten
hands. Messrs. E. J. McCall & Co., proprie
tors.
Other manufacturing establishments, in adja
cent counties, might be enumerated, but I have
not been able to collect the necessary statistics
in reference to them. I am happy to learn,
however, that the readers of the Constitutiondlis
will shortly be furnished with this informatioi
through another channel. The whole sub
ject is one of deep interest to our people ; for
should our now- afflicted section ever regain its
former prosperity, it, will be, in a great measure
owing to the development of ils manufacturing
resources. A. C.
—*■ * —
Tlie Condition In Tennessee.
The New York Times is a Republican, ot
Radical journal. It is conducted with market
ability, and though frequently at fault both in its
facts and conclusions, it occasionally deals out
the truth to its less scrupulous brethren in a
manner that must impress them rather unpleas
antly. In st late article, in which the condition is
ably reviewed in connection with the passage oi
the Southern Military Bill, the Times said :
“If any Ex-Confederate State is to be subjected
to military law 7 , it certainly ought to be Tennes
see-which, however, is the only Ex-Conlederatt
State exempted from military law.
“At the same time, Tennessee is to be presently
placed under a sort of military power—not mili
tary power as wielded by- the National Govern
inent and administered" by the officers of the
army, but as wielded by Parson Brownlow and
administered by his appointees. Brownlow 7 , at
Governor of Tennessee, has called out a force oi
twenty thousand men, to be in the service oi the
State for three years, and to operate against its
enemies in the various counties.
“The present civil administration of Tennessee
is certainly a failure. So far as the duties ot a
State government consist in preserving order,
enforcing justice and maintaining law, there is
no State in the South whose government makes
such a show as that of Tennessee. Georgia,
Texas and Arkansas are quiet amt orderly, and
life and property are secure, in comparison with
Tennessee. We hear, through the local papers,
of confusion, disturbance and collision in nu
merous localities, and it is evident that the con
dition of aftairs throughout the Slate is such as
to offer abundant opportunities for work on the
part of the Brownlow Army, which lias now
been called under arms. The disfranchisement
of all Tennesseans who were rebels; the con
ferring of exceptional franchises upon the blacks;
the administration of oaths, right and left, to all
men, under all circumstances, and at all times—
all these things have failed to secure those ends
for which State governments are instituted and
i administrative officers are appointed. The bayo
net is now, therefore, the necessary resort. It
was a mistake, however, for Brownlow to have
called out his army for three years—he should
have called it out for thirty years’ service.’’
Knotty.—The Springfield (Massachusetts,)
Republican, suggests the following political enig
ma, which some of our friends would do well to
solve:
“Congress having declared that no legal State
Governments exist in the ten rebel States, has
the thirteenth amendment to the Constitution,
abolishing slavery, failed to be adopted ? The
rebel State Constitutions prohibiting slavery be
ing also null and void, does slavery still exist ac
cording to constitution and law ? If not, why
not ? If Virginia has no legal State government,
is the separation of West Virginia from Virginia
null knd void, because not assented to by any le
gal government ot Virginia? By what right arc
the United States courts held in rebel States, as
if they were States in the Union, and cases taken
from them to the Supreme Court ? There are
scores of like enigmas to be asked,and they will
multiply and complicate themselves till legal
skill will in vain seek their solution. We are
tying knots that will have to be cut.”
Heavy Robbery.—A jeweler’s establishment
in Charleston was entered by burglars on Tues
day night, and robbed of goods to the amount of
two thousand dollars. i
t Another Important Caae.
j The Savannah News Herald ot Thursday
contains the following;
A case in which the poor Confederacy was, as
often, somewhat involved, come up yesterday
before His Honor, Judge Russell, in the County
Court.
Mr. George Cooper, it seemed, in the latter
part of 1864, just before Sherman’s army s ar
rival in this vicinity, filled an order tor goods
from Augusta, to Col. Augustus S. Jones, at bis
place in Scriven county, and the latter, in pay
ment, remitted to him promptly by mail, a check
on the Bank of Commerce, in this city, for the
amount. The check was lost on account of
Sherman’s laid, and the question was as to who
was really tb° ’oser.
After a caieful hearing of the evidence, and
able arguments of the counsel. His Honor
charged the jury substantially as follows :
“ Payment is often made by letter, and the
question arises at whose risk it is, when so made '
■ This must depend upon < ireninstances; but, in
general, the debtor is discharged, although the
money does not reach the«cfeditor, if lie was di
rected or expressly authorized by the creditor so
to send it, or if he can distinctly derive such au
thority from its being the usual
n<and not otle'i w’oe." 1
i-Di
'' ! 1 ■ ll i I ■ l '
’ ■ l ; 111 '
( oiiii-derate uiimyto
value. The ordinance wisely gives the
" jury a wide latitude.”
y “I am fully persuaded that you have sufficient
j- discernment to judge of the evidence, apply the
1- law to it, and form your verdict accordingly.”
a The jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff,
i- scaling the amount down to a gold basis.
te —«
8, The Cartersville Meeting-.
Is We subjoin the resolutions adopted at the ad
journed meeting ot the citizens of Barlow coun
j ty, held at Cartersville on the 13th, as we find;
i them reported in the Express of the 15th :
d Hi solved, That in view of the recent action
Ji the Thirty-Ninth Congress, in the passage of Mie
>t Military bill, and the amendments thereto, that
the citizens of Bartow county, hereby express
our readiness fully to comply with the require
,s ments of said bill and its amendments in the
a formation of a new constitution and intheadop
j lion of the constitutional amendment.
e Resolved, Inasmuch as we are not yet informed
as to the mode in which the proposed reconstruc-
L lion is to be effected, that we are content at pre
; sent with the avowal of our intention to comply
J with the requirements of Congress, as soon as
j we know the mode of compliance.
l The report was then discussed, in which dis
cussion, C. W. Howard, Col. 11. P. Farrow, CoL
J. R. Parrott and Judge Jas. Milner, participated..
e The report was put upon its passage and was
r decided by the chair to be negatived, a division-
I was called for, pending which Judge Milner of
i sered the following resolution :
Resolved, That we will obey the mandates ofr
1 the law. We will do what the authorities of the
'• United States require us to do. We are for the
1 Union and the government, and will abide its
> action upon all subjects affecting our interests,
1 whether it comes from Congress or the President,,
our duty is to obey. We love the government
of our Fathers and desire that party differences,
be buried in oblivion.
:1 This resolution was, without discussion, unfint.’-
1 mously adopted.
1 Deisti-uclive Fire at Albany.
j The Albany News, Extra, of the 14tli, oostains
the following account of a fire which occurred
L . in that city on the previous evftning, and the full
loss by which it estimates at two hundred thou
sand dollars:
Last evening, between half-past seven or eight
/ o’clock, a fire broke out in the back room ot the
1 dry goods store of Raine & Hewett, on Wasli
i inglon street, supposed to have originated from
-a kerosene lamp, and in spite of the almost su
? perhuman exertions of our firemen, citizens and
, freedmen, the fire soon consumed the store of
■ Raine & Hewett, and spread rapidly up Wash-
- ington street to Broad, and then up the north
side of Broad, consuming all the wooden build
ings on that side of the street as far as Hines A
Hobbs’ law office and directly opposite the office
5 of the News, where, about eleven o’clock, it was
arrested. The following is the list of the suf
’ terers : .
’ Raine & Hewett, dry goods and clothing; Jas.
11. Hill, dwelling house; barber shop, colored
man; Grimes’shoe shop; Walker’s bar room;
J. F. Merrill’s shoe shop; L. E. & H. E. Welch.
, drug store ; Veal’s harness shop ; L. E. Welch
. & Co., book and jewelry store; J. Neundorffer.
confectionery; Albert & Bork, dry goods and
clothing; Bush, Groceries; S. Strauss, jewelry
(D store, with dwelling; Cordell & Co., confection
b ery, with dwelling ;T. H. Clark, bar room; Drs.
r Cromwell & Connelly ;M. Fleishman & Co., dry
goods; Rich & Co., dry goods ; Gardner&Kirk
e man, dry goods; Ivey’s Hotel; Kidd’s bar room „
Richardson, Talbot & Co., groceries; Murphy &
° Lindsay, dry goods and groceries; post, office
The greater portion of the material of the
Aetex olllce, which was only saved by the great
)r est exertions, being removed, and consequently
very much disarranged, we are compelled to
!ti postpone our regular issue-until Saturday.
Is It will be seen the fire occurred in the very
’’ heart of the city.
a—«• -
s . Bogus Lottery Scheme.—The Hon. C. H
is Van Wyek publishes a card in the National In
,l tellir'cir cautioning the public against a bogus
lottery scheme now being manipulated by a firm
d styling itself “Kennedy & Co." We annex so
g much of the honorable gentleman’s card as will
j ( -erve to put the public on their guard against
this gigantic attempt, to swindle.
Kennedy & Co. belong in New York city—if
r they have any “local habitation”—wherc they
, stinted this same project a few weeks ago; but
|( a vigilant police and outraged public sentiment
( j probably induced removal here. They then pre
ls tended aid for a scitool for the orphans of the
war, to be located at Deposit, Delaware county,
' New York; an institution to which our citizens.
(s contr buted liberally, which was somewhat per
spective, as lai tei ly its operations were carried:
on in. New York city, where published state
a ments show the few orphans in charge were
r shamefully neglected, and treated not as well as
j ordinary paupers.
The circular of Kennedy A Co. now, for ob
i vious reasons, does not locate the institution for
j which, under the guise of charity, they seek lo
I enrich themselves. The boldness of the scheme
in the advertisement might to make the object
’ apparent. Not a single responsible name in this
city is attached, when the programme is to raise
$600,000, with a paper promise to give in return
, some engravings, probably of no value, and a,
j few gifts.
t The only hope of success is that it emanates
from the Capital, and if allowed to go fully un
. challenged, would imply sanction here.
j As it is intended to lay the whole Republic
under contribution, I iiope papers in all sections
. will warn their readers. Yours, <fce.-;
j C. 11. Van Wyck.
t The Flood at Petersburg, Virginia.—
, The Petersburg papers state that the recent flood
I has caused serious damage to properly in that
city, all the bridges over the Appomattox having
been more or less injured. The main bridge for
the transportation of passengers is so much
injured that it is dangerous for wagons to go
upon it, and persons crossing prefer to go on
> foot and have their baggage taken over on
tnicks. On Sunday six citizens attempted to
, cross the river in a row boat, but were washed
' down by the current against the railroad bridge,
and one of them, Mr. Edward W. Traylor,
' was drowned. The rest succeeded in getting
upon the bridge and reached the shore in safety’
A Generation oe Prosperity Expected.
—The San Antonio, Texas, Express, speaking
, ; of dry seasons and crops has the following:
; There is a tradition among the old settlers of
’ J this frontier that the seasons of prosperity in
! agriculture are periodica). According to the tra
| ’ dition there is ten years drought out every forty
! ’ years. The sec'ion has just passed through more
! than ten years of unusual severe drought. We
'are about to enter thirty yearsofprosperity.—
Our farmers should he “ setting th- ir houses in
order,” fitting up their fences, preparatory to the
fine crops to come.
Alabama.—Twenty-five person were sentenc
■ ed to the Penitentiary in the Mobile City Court
I on Monday last.