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THE WEEKLY CONSTITUTION. '.ATLANTA, GA.. TUESDAY MAY 12 1885,
WEEKLY CONSTITUTION.
Inured »t thcAll.nl* Post-Office a* socond cists
vail matter, November 11,1573.
Weekly Con.tltntton, ai.Std p«r annum,
r Clou ol Are, 11.00 cub; data ol tea, tLOO each
and a copy to gottcr-up ot Club.
ATLANTA* GA., MAY 12, IMS.
OUR PREMIUMSI
Tmt Cohtitctiox la very careful In th*
•election ol the premium It offer* to it>
reader*.
We could easily fill our eolnmm with pre
mium picked np at random 11 we did not
consult our reader’* interest.
We offer nothing we do not KNOW TO
BE GOOD. Toaeoare oar Indorsement an
article moat be,
1*1, Jn*t as Bepreiantad.
Xd, ’ It Halt be Cheaper than It Can be
Bought Kliewhere.
With there two qualification* filled, the
premlnm la really a premium. Otherwise,
It la limply a piece ol merchandise.
We offer but three premiums; Our Library,
Onr Sewing Machine, The Watarbury Watch.
We recommend these to our reader*. They
will find each article juat at represented, or
we will make It eo. When they hare eup-
Hed themaelTea with them premium* we
will offer other*.
THE CONSTITUTION LIBRARY
Webaeetanbookathat wa bny from the pub.
Ushers by the thousands, and ofibr to onr readera
at about cotL The hooka are handsomely bound
In In cloth and told, printed In large type end
Illustrated. Thoy are Uio tan moat famoua hooka
In the world-u (ollow*:
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.
Roklmon Cnnoe, Ivanhoe,
Oliver Twist, Last of the Mohicans,
Scottish Chiefs, Children oftho Abbey,
Arabian Nights, Pilgrims Progress,
Swiss Family Robinson.
These hooks wc offer at 00 centa each over onr
couuttr.or 20 cents pot Use paid. Wa guarantee
that they arc tho name hooka sent for 11.00 and
sue by tho bookstore*. Wa hare shipped them
Into every southern state, and hart net or had a
complaint. Krerytamllyshonld hare them hooka.
They are pot*, Instruct]re, thrilling, and maka a
Ubrtary In themselves. WO recommend them to
nr readers.
II yon can’t buy ten hooka, order ono of them.
Toucan spare 70 oen tea month, and In ten months
his will give you a library ol which you will ba
proud.
OUR SEWING MACHINE.
We offer our tewing machine, with tho Weekly
one year, at Sis, simply because wa do away with
the egenl’s commission. We buy born (he lactory.
You lend us your money, we take out the price ol
our Weekly, and Band your money to the (aelotr.
The mtchloo Is shipped you Irom the factory. No
agent handles It, and no espouse* or oommlatluus
are added to the coat.
When you buy from an aaent you pay SIS, *1
Which amount tho agent lets about SJ0, and ol
which the firm ha travels lor gem about IS. Whan
you buy tram ns, your money goes to the lactory,
and tho machine la shipped direct to you and no
middleman handles t.
Wo guarantee that It ta as good, aa handsome, ts
durabless the Singerecwlng machine thateosta
you Sts to K0. Onr guarauloo la good. 11 the
machine Isn't what U I* represented to bo, wo will
mako It to. Bowing machine agents, who htro
heavy expenses to pay, and who want heavy oom
missions to pay them wllh, will run down our
machine without ever seeing lb Tell them Tin
OonsTmmoii’a guarantee la good lor a lowing
machine.
The patent! on tho Singer are out Tho monop
oly la broken and wo cut prices to hod rock. At
|1S lor our ecwlng machine, and tho Weekly ono
year, no family should bo without ono.
our waterIury watch.
The Waterbary watch Is tho mlmdo ol cheap-
hesa and efficiency. Though It so cheap as to ho
Within every man'e reach It ta substantially, ac
curately made, end as reliable a tlmokceper as can
ho found. Wo have sold thousands ot these
watches. They are being worn everywhere. We
have hut one watched returned, aud thit was
broken and promptly replaced, W* havo never
bad a complaint
The price ol the watch Is It Tor Id.W wo will
lend tho wstch In a neat satin lined case, postage
paid, and Tua WaxxiT OoRertrunon out year
or lot SACS the watch Tub Oournronou one year
and a strong ntckle-plated chain. Wa are enabled
to make this offer lor the reason that we buy the
watches by the thousand lot spot cash.
For the sverago m»n the Waterbary Is the best
watch to wear. II It broken It can he easily mend
ed; II lost cheaply replaced, it la an accurate
timekeeper, and at the glu, In the field, In the
home It U the best watch lor use, At the price
w* oiler, no men or boy should be without ono.
A good poper one year, and a good watch—*s good
as the beat watch-!or|S.M la selling both by the
hundreds. Those who am already taking tho pa
per caa get the watch lor IlCO, None hut esbecri-
hen can get II at any priest
We ofltr thee* premiums confident that
they are th* beet and cheapest that can be
had. Every man who buys will thank ue
lor having urged him to buy. Goneult the
list, order what yon want, and wa guaran.
tee you will find it precisely as represented.
- Our Interest ta your Intoreet. W* handle these
premiums lor your benefit, and to Increase
the circulation ol our paper. W* shall add
to the list (ram tlm* to time.
REMEMBER!
That our big prizes to agent* will
be awarded on
JUNE THE ist.
These prizes are for the largest
list of subscriber* sent in by any
•gent before June 1st
One set of the prizes is exclusive
ly for agents outside of the State of
Georgia.
Read the announcement else
where, and compete for one of the
prizes.
Any active person can earn ono
of the prizes by a few days work.
Get to work at once. Send us
your name and we will send you
sample copies and agents outfit
kou have only a short time in
which to work Bend in at once
and get to work.
You can get a prize in gold, if
you will only try.
MR. JOHN E. BRYANT, MARSHAL.
Collector Crenehsw I* authority lor the
statement that hie deputy oolleetors cannot
work efficiently with the deputy manhale
In the service ol Marshal Bryant. He taya
they are odioue to the people, and will bring
odium on hie branch ol the service. Same
of hi* deputies have already complained that
the [deputy marshall with whom they are
thrown ere notorious lor bid character aod
bad mathods, and will Impede rather than
assist a clear and prompt enforcement ol
the law.
There la reason In the complaint. The
democratic administration has put In a dem
ocratic collector. It is due him that he
tbould be aupported with a democratic mar-
ehal. The offices ol collector and marshal
an *o nearly connected that tfaa efficient ad
ministration ol the one depends upon tha
full and hearty oo: operation of the other.
This, It aeems to aa, is Impossible between
the office* as they are now filled. Indeed,
Mr. Crenshaw nvs It la clearly ao.
Tag Coxanreno* has not been Impatient
In lta consideration ol the policy punned by
Mr. Cleveland and bis cabinet. On the con
trary, it haa sustained the administration,
because It has believed it was doing the beet
Ibat could be done, and moving as tut as
justice and wisdom would allow. Thli
opinion wa have bad constantly strength
ened and confirmed. We cannot be consid
ered captions, therefore, when we make an
appeal for the prompt removal ofMuahal
Bryant.
We see no reason why Mr. Bryant abonld
not have been the Bret republican official la
Georgia to feel the weight ol the democratic
axe. Certainly there is no man who Is so
offensive to the people. It has been about
fifteen yean since, In the chill and odorlea
air ol Maine, he scented flesh to the eonth
ward and bant hie eager way hither. II In
the fifteen years that have elapsed since
then, he has had one thought, epoken one
word, or done one thing that has put him In
sympathy with Georgia or with Georgian!,
we do not know It In the factional fights
between democrats he has been a petty and
hustling Dalgatty. Bat wherever the parly
line conld be drawn, he haa led the wont
elements ol the republican party and lad
them in the wont way—delighting to foment
discord between the races, to Inflame preju
dices that patriots ol all parties sought to
eBay, and to put hlmsell In opposition to
the people among whom be had come un
hidden, and with whom he had remained
unwelcome.
The patting ol this man into offioeoverour
people was a grievance that was submitted to
qnletly, simply beoanse an appeal toa repub
lican administration would have bean nselaas.
But it la an insult sgslnst which we may con
fidently protest to a democratic president.
John E. Bryant has no inheritance In this
state or among this people. Ho has sought
to have none. Ho la an alien by instlnot,
proleiilon and cholee. While hundreds ol
bis countrymen have pinned their faith to
onr old red hllle and established themselves
in the esteem and confidence ol onr people, ,
he hei remained a political tramp, peddling
mischief'll he knooked np a living along onr
byway e.
We understand ha claims to have aomesort
ol commission lor three years longer. Tho
term for which he was appointed expire*
about tha loth ol this month. He may have
Jnggled with the republican administration
in tie last days, and by a trick Moored some
color ol authority (or a longer term. Presi
dent Cleveland ahould knock thia pretension
cut. H there le a roan In the United States
who cornea within th* meaning ol the Prosl-
denfsletteroncival service, and who deserves
Instant removal, that man it John K. Bryant,
present marshal ol Georgia.
These considerations are reapactlnlly aub-
milled to President Cleveland and tha at
torney general.
THE GOVERNOR AND OUR BONDS.
Governor McDaniel on yesterday sold the
pending inns ol three and a hall million of
Georgia bonds.
Tna CoitariTcviOR commended the action
ol Governor McDaniel In rejecting all the
bide made, under his lint adverliiement of
tbiM bonds. Th* wisdom of tha governor'*
count ts demonstrated happily In dollan
and cents, no leas than In other terms ot
advantage which he iccnred to the atate by
proceeding to negotiate the bonds under pri
vate negotiation. At wa pointed out In onr
former article the governor oonld net hare
accepted the lint offer of Messrs. Wolff* and
Bogan, which atone ol tb* fint bide made
deserred consideration. He oonld not bring
the gentlemen to an agreement as to the de
livery ol the bonds, and wisely declined to
sign a contract that would force the state to
have two eeta ol bond* amounting to three
million each, representing th* same debt,
floating and drawing Interest at once,
while the money waiting to retire
one set ol them was lying Idle In tb* treaen-
ry or loaned ont at the risk ol the state.
Thera are those who expressed the (ear that
In rejecting all the bide made, the governor
had acted nnwieeiy and would never secure
i good a bid In the future.
That he showed graatcourage and nerve in
taking this step is unquestionable, bat It wm
th* courage ol common eenrn and waa backed
by hla faith In th* credit and resources ol tha
ataia. Th* mult prove* that hi* common
•ensevrai right Mnmal, and that hi* faith
waa not misplaced. He has just closed a bid
which yields him th* right to deliver bond*
M th* Mat* needs th* money, and doe* not
lore* him to hurry a ilngl* bond to market
before th* bond that It Is to replace hai ma
tured. In addition to that he ha* secured a
premium above tha highest bid made nnder
tb* fint advertisement, amounting to about
tan thoniand dollars. Thia premtoti will
more than pay the expense* of advertising
and of negotiating th* bouda, ao that tha an
tic* ism* ol three and a halt million! [a
floated at a figure that will net
th* itate more than par (or AM per cent
bond* Thia ta a result that it Is (air to say
no man belltved possible ot achievement.
W* certainly did not hep* tor it, aod we do
not beltev* tb* governor did. II haa been
hie courage and hla vrtadom through which
It waa brought about, and be deserve*, aa he
will nealvt, tha gretltnda and th* congrat
ulation ol Georgians (or hla splendid manip
ulation ol this moat Important loan.
Tha highest prats* i* due to Treasurer
Hardeman far tb* skill and earceetneae he
baa shown ia th* who!* mat'*-, and which
basbeenjtnt whet hla admirable a Iran i-
tration cl the treasurer's office haa jontfiad
tbe public In txpectine. The guarantee of
tbs continuance ot such admiuiatratlon ol
ARTESIAN WELLS.
The lystem of boring lor water la vary
ancient. Wells ol this nature are found In
Egypt, bored (onr tbonnnd yean ago, and
lined with brick or wood. It la not known
bow the boring waa done. In China welts
from 1,800 to 1,800 feet deep have long exist
ed ; and the manner ol boring them as prac
ticed from the flret deep well down to the
present day t* essentially that in uae in this
country. To bore them, the Chinese begin
by placing in the earth a wooden tabs ol
three to font inches diameter, mrmonnted by
a stone edge pierced by an orifice of five to
tlx Inches. Then a trepan, weighing three
or (onr hundred pounds, Is allowed to play.
A man mounted upon a scaffold depresses a
lever, which raises the trepan two feet high,
and lets It (all by its own weight; the trepan
la attached to the layer by a cord of rattan,
to which astnp ol wood Is fixed; a man aeat-
ed near the cord misea this (trip at each ele
vation ol the lever and give* It a ball torn,
to that the trepan in (ailing may take a dif
ferent direction. The workmen aro changed
every six hours, and the work goes on night
and day. They are aometimes throe years in
boring these walla to the depth necessary to
reach the springs they are Intended to attain.
The name "artesian” was gained from a well
sunk In the French province ol Artois in
1120. In that province artesian wells are
very nnmerone, and so they are in nearly all
of
th* credit ol the slat* and given confi
to bidder*
tfaa countries ol Sorope. The economy
boring lor water lnilead ol sinking a abaft ia,
ol court*, well understood In every civilized
country, and the art Is applied wherever and
whenever deep wells are desired.
The accepted theory ol artesian wells
tbst they are artificial springs tapping the
underground drainage. The supply of water
comae, ol conrse, from the rainfall ol the
earth’e surface. Most ot the rainfatl is car
ried off by surface drainage and by evapora
tion, and tbs remainder sinks into the earth
to find an ontlet where it can. It fills with
water the soil and all the limestone and old
red sandstone it ctn reach. These
become saturated with water, but
if the sinking or flowing water reaches
a layer of clay or granite or other impervious
materiel, It can go no low*r, and mnit flow
to the bounds ol the Impervious layer, or
elM it moat accumulate and thoroughly sat
urate the soils and porous rocks that are
within reach.
In all the country below a line drawn
Ihrongh Maeon, Montgomery, Viekabnrg
and Shreveport, there has nevsr been any
difficulty In getting excellent water at
depth ol from 500 to 800 feet—water that
contains no organic matter and rises to
helghth ol twenty or more feet. Such
wells are (onnd all the way from Brunswick
to towns In Texts. None ol them pis*
Ihrongh bods ol granite, but sometimes
flinty rock, that is not at all porous, la found,
and when rcckol that natnrels encountered,
the well most, ol oonrae, be sank btlow the
non-bearing layer to obtain the desired re
mit. The cosmogonlsta do not, In other
words, accept the crevice or vein theory
all. To look (or a crevice two thousand
(set below the surface with a drill only a lew
Inches in diameter, would be very muchlike
looking (or a needle In a haystack. What all
Intelligent boron ae*k U a porous rook, un
derlaid and overiaid with lmpanaanbEctayMl^
lying below some section ol the earth’s sur
face within the noge ol drainage. Th*
nnder layer holds the water that comes to
the porous rock, and the tipper layer help*
to give the bydrostatlo pressure that makes a
flowing well as soon as the drill penetrates
the water-bearing rock, which la either lime
stone or sandstone.
There conditions exist in th* low country;
but do (hay exist In th* rocks upon whleh
Atlanta rests? Do they extat anywhere In
the Appalachian sections ol th* aouth, ex
cept, possibly, in a lew localities where, at
no gnat depth and on smell areas, there are
underground basins?
GEORGIA AND OUR CONVENTION,
We note with pleasure that the town* aud
eitie* ol Georgia, hare without exception, w*
believe, appointed delegates to the national
commercial convention, to be held in this
city on the 10th, 20lh end 21M, and other-
wire teatllied their IntereM in Its nieces*.
The Mnpld and malicioni opposition It has
received from one alngle quarter ta as harm
ten aa It ta (rotations. That the convention
will benefit Georgia goes without Mylng. It
will attract hnndreda ol Intelligent investor*
from other elites who will be abundantly
Informed as to Georgia's resources, and many
ol whom will extend theta travels through
the state. Boms ol them will cast their lota
with us—others will invest thslr money
here—and all will go back to their home*
end tell Ihereetles* thousands there of onr
splendid climate, onr ample and fertile fields;
onr exbausttaM forests, rich mines, wasting
water power*, and ot onr hospltabl* and on
to rpriiing people. All the expense, trouble
and responsibility ol the convention, At
lanta has wUlInglr shouldered, asking from
her neighbors in Georgia nothing but their
good will end their pretence. This, we am
glad to lay, ia happily aaured.
It will b* noticed that Governor H. D.
McDaniel, *x-S*nalor Gordon, General A. R.
Lawton and Hon. J. C. C. Black are among the
Georgian* who hava prominent and lormal
places on the programme. If there were no
other ipeakers than three, they should in-
■nr* attendance from every town and city
in the state. The people ol Atlanta appro-
data th* hearty response enr invitation baa
met in onr own state, u elsewhere. As (or
Tua Corivitcvior, wherever any Georgia
Interest ta to be advanced, any Ueorgta town
to be helped, or any Georgia enterprise to
be built np, It ta manly enongh to sink lta
prejudices end (all to with a will (or the
good old Mate.
end not American money, that ta being ex
pended at Panama, and ao far as the money
Is concerned we can afford to regard the exoal
without anxiety or apprehension.
Bat, say the enemies ol the canal, the com
pany will fail and the French girernmen'
will come to its resene, and then the Monroe
doctrine will be trampled underfoot. As the
canal company is able to command all the
money it needs, and as the canal will largely
benefit onr commerce, and as we are not
wilting to undertake Its construction either
aa a people or as Individuals, it would seem
to be wise and altogether best to keep hands
off the canal until default is at least near
enough lor men engaged In financial opera
tions to suspicion its coming. The discredit
ing ol thit great world's work by tha United
States is not a creditable act under the cir
cumstance*. The French people alono were
ready and willing to put their hands to the
work, and they should not be embarrassed
by the country that will be Immensely ben-
efitted by the canal, even if some of onr rail
roads aro deprived of trans-contlnentsl
freights.
THE COMMERCIAL CONVENTION.
There appears to be no donbt ol the bril
ltant success of the commercial convention,
which assembles in this city week after next.
Theattendxnce ol more than two bnndred
delegates la already enured, and this number
ta Increased by every mall. Among these
ere some of the most distinguished people In
the country, including Governor Gray, of
Indiana, and Governor Scalee, ol North Caro
lina. Delegations from Ban Francisco,
Omaha and Leadville will come and will
evidence the widespread intereit in the con
vention. The programme will be rich and
varied.
A viiit to Atlanta at this period of tha year
will of Itself be worth a five days’ journey,
The city is fresh and beautiful, and spreads
before the view ts a picture. Never before in
our hlitory have we been ao well prepared to
entertain gnesta and Show onr bright and
lively city at lie best. We guarantee that
all who come to the convention will bo de
lighted with Atlanta, with lta hospitality
and its people.
We hope to see every sonthern town and
city represented In the convention. We can
easily take care of one thousand delegates,
and ehonld not feel crowded If twioe as msny
were to come. Certainly every town and oity
within a hundred miles of Atlanta ahonld
be represented. Those towns that hire not
yet appointed delegates shonld do so at
once.
THE PRESIDENT CANNOT COMB.
It ta announced in onr telegrams that,owing
to the pressure of official duties, President
Cleveland has declined the invitation to be
present at the session ol the national com.
mcrclal convention. Simultaneously with
this announcement Senator Colquitt, chair
man ot the committee ol invitation, received
a letter from the president announcing his
inability to attend, and regretting that Im
perative dnliea stand In tile way.
The people ol the south would have been
delighted to have welcomed the president,
and Atlanta would have been proud ot tho
honor ol having tho chief magistrate of the
repnblio (or her guest, and to have given him
something of a hint ol tbe appreciation In
which he ta hold In this section.
The visit of the president wonld have been
e pleasing Incident ol the commercial con
vention. It would even have added to its
Importance; bnt the lallore of Mr. Cleveland
to attend will Interfere In no wise with the
assembling ol that convention. Iti success
ta already assured; indeed, we may go far
ther and say that It will be the largest and
moat imposing assemblage of business men
ever held In thia country■
BILL CHANDLER’S BOSS.
John Roach, Bill Chandler’* side partner,
ta still on the rigged edge in regard to the
new steamship Dolphin, ordered by the BUI
Chandler administration. Some time ago
the secretary ol the navy Informed Roach
that he was not ta til lied with tha trial trip ot
the veeeel, and appointed an examining
board to report as to her fitness. This board
met, carefully examined all the papers re-
lating to the Dolphin's construction and
sent word to Roach to prepare her lor another
trial trip. Roach wrapped himself In hta
dignity and refused to reply. He paid no
attention to the demand. Hie position was
that he had complied with the law, which
completed bis duty.
Tbe board has, therefore, disbanded tem
porarily, and Roach 1s left in the position ol
a man who dreams that he ta either running
the administration now or will be able to do
eo before long, lieoently Roach wrote to tho
secretary ol the navy asking him what die-
poalUon he proposed to make ol the Dolphin,
•a the venal was completed and shonld no
longer remain In hla possession. The corre
spondents say this communication has pre
cipitated a brisk correspondence between
Roach and the secretary, the detallaol which
wlU be furnished the pnbllc in a short time.
INCREASE OF POPULATION IN THE
SOUH.
The Colombia Register follows np its
statement that the south wUl increase rapid*
Iy enongh la population without the aid of
immigration with tome interesting (acts. It
prints the foUowtng figures:
ncreare ol population In the eoven states ol
North Caroline. Sooth Carolina, Georgia, Mor
Ms, Alabama, ktutofppt and TeoneaMe Irons
1*00 to lew: . _
Increase. Per Cent
ltco to 1SJ0 1,CULMS *M
■wo to lsto t.TM.iue
1M0 to ltw l.kTVDtt
1X0 to ISO 2,371,611
THE PANAMA CANAL.
The Unitad States keep* sons* ot its naval
officers on the Isthmus to watch th* progress
ot th* canal project; end aa thea* officer* an
expected to take a gloomy view ot a French
scheme cm American aoU, w* certainly g*t is
thslr report! th* wont that the cam admits
of. Lieutenant McLean ta confidant French
money wUl not hold ont. Inxtesd ol T5,*0*,.
000 coble meters of excivatiao, it ta now
thought th* work wilt require 120,100,000,
and that tb* cost wUl b* 835*.*00,000, Instead
Of (120,000,00*, as at tint animated. Th*
actual expenditure to data baa been
»T1,C«0,000.
W« do not at* why Lieutenant M.-Laau'a
figure* need trouble the people of tbte coun
try; for they ref nwd, when Invited, to pat
any mency In tb* enterprise, and they have
not since changed their m infix or tb* direc
tion of their merry. It ta French money,
GENERAL WINFIELD S. HANCOCK.
Atlanta to honored with tho presence of
f he distinguished soldier and high-minded
patriot, whose ntme heads this article.
There are few men who are dearer to the
ronthern people than General Hancock. Hls
fearless assertion of the supremacy of the
civil over the military law at a ttmo when
the court-martial was tost becoming the
recognized judicial power for the south, and
when It seemed that no man dared speak out
In her behalf, entitles him to onr everlast
ing gratitude and the gratitude of onr chil
dren who ehall come alter no.
Fonr yean ago he bore the standard of the
democratic party tn a national campaign—
and bore it stainlessly and without reproach.
Although the passions of the people then
rnled so high that a democratic victory was
Impossible, be received, as he merited,
nothing bat respect and honor for hta
superb leadership and unassailable charac
ter. One of the most dtatlngnUhed of living
Americans, he wean his honors modestly,
and with qnlet dignity maintains the state
of hta present high office and his past
illustrious service. Onr people will be
happy If thoy can In some fitting way testify,
daring his stay in onr city, to the esteem
and affection in which they hold him.
INTERNATIONAL Y. M. C. A. CONVENTION.
Next Wednesday a most important con
vention will meet in Atlanta, in the First
Baptist chnrcb, the international conven
tion of the Yonng Men’s Christian associa
tions of the Untied States and BritUh
provinces. Three hundred delegates from
over one hundred cities [of thirty states are
already assured. That leading railroad offi
cials, bankers, merchants and divines shonld
gather themselves together from each wide
extremes of territory to consult upon a
single phase of Christian work, claims for it
at once the most thonghtfnl consideration.
These men bring to the discussion of their
subjects extensive observation and large ex
periences, gathered from the varied Interests
they represent, and aro necessarily most
practical in all they do. That the organize*
tion of the Yonng Men’a Christian associa
tion shonld attract such men and enltat
their sympathy and active co-operation, is
itself a strong Indorsement of the Idea it
represents.
Forty-five years ego there was no Yonng
Men’s Christian association; to day it en
circles the earth, and is a recognized power
ful auxilliary of the chnrch In all lands.
Delegates to this convention wlU be here
from foreign parts as well as from every por
tion of the union. Their advent will murk
a new era in the history of the association In
Atlanta and ihe south.
To entertain thia convention will require
a generona response on the part of onr citi
zens. That onr city will maintain lta repu
tation for splendid hoepitality, we promise.
Let these distinguished visitors be enter*
tained royally, and as Atlanta can entertain
in her hundreds of beautiful homes, and
fonr bnndred delegates will leave the gate
city to spread the story 'of progressive,
earneit and hospitable Atlanta.
PENSION FRAUDS.
Tho democratic administration hat a great
work before it in hunting down and clearing
ont the pension frauds. The pension laws,
framed by the republicans, offer a thousand
opportunities for swindling tho government
end the people, and it may be safely said
that not one of these opportunities has been
nrglected by the pension swindlers. , The
most of these frands ora concocted by tho
claim ngents in Washington, end there can
be no doubt that tbe republican admlnistra
tion has connived at the swindle.
We read In the papers that the commis
sioner of pensions has recently ordered the
suspension ot one hundred and two pensions
that have been drawn at the Philadelphia
agency, although the pensioners are dead.
The commissioner has discovered that in
some esses the pereons in whore names tho
pensions were drawn hare been dead since
1871. The commissioner has also directed
the suspension at the eame agency ot pen
sions to seven widows who remarried In 1881
but who have been drawing their pension
money ever since. It is annonneed that the
commissioner has addressed a communica
tion to tbe attorney general requesting him
to bring suits againit the pension agent and
his bondsmen for the moneys he has thus
unlawfully disbursed.
All this at only one pension agency. II
these frauds are
Bradstreet’s has given special attention to
the subject, and it expresses the opinion that
th* machine ta nearly ready tor common
ns*.
The peculiarity ot the Mason picker Is that
It seizes upon the fiber, bnt passes over leaves
and bolls. This seeming Impossibility is ac
complished by the points that seize upon tha
fiber being placed just beneath the orifice
where they work. The projecting fiber enters
the znlnnte distance between the points and
the surface, and Is seized and separated from
the plant. The stalks, leaves and bolls glide
over tbe surface without coming in contact
with the points lying immediately below, and
thus escape seizure or injury. The catching
points are placed in stems, or fingers, which
gather the cotton as the mule draws the
picker np and down tho rows, which the ma
chine straddles. Whiles large nnmbcr ol
the stems enter each plant, they do not jostle
or tear it. The cotton that is gathered, by
reverse action, is cast into side receptacles
prepared to receive It, and the stems pass on
to do their work In another plant. An aver
age-sized mschine has from 150 to 173 steins
upon It, eo that a sufficient number pass into
each plant to do the work. As far os experi
ments with tho list crop went, which were
continued into January, a little more than
one-half of the cotton was gathered in one
passage. By driving np the row agitn.and
back, seven-eighths of the cotton that waa
open wasjpicked. Its condition was remark
ably good, bnt when froat had made the
plants brittle tbe cotton contained some trash
from the leaves which hid fallen upon and
adhered to thffllber on tbe open bolls. Tha
mschine, where the cotton was well opened,’
picked 230 pounds of seed cotton an hoar, or -
3.380 pounds a day. Of conn* these trials
showed details where improvement was pojfi
slble, and some changes were determined
upon in the shape of the framework, the
movement cl the picking stems and the
movement snd construction of the elovators
which carry the cotton from the receptacles
to the pendent bags at the back. Tho changes
decided upon will effects large Increase of
gathering capacity, and Insure the exclusion
of trash even in the last stages ol the crop..
Increase of nopolatton ta NorthJtaroUnijSouth
Carolina, Georat* and Florida Iron lt-.j to laeo:
Increase. Per Gent.
1*00 to 1*20 51M7S *W'
IK* to IMO SMfiil- se t
INUtOIXO MV-.'-M 35-t
U00 to lkW 1.507.9*0 ij.l
From these figures our contemporary ad
duce! some Intonating facto. Tha seven
states, though ravaged by war, gained nearly
two and a half millions In population from
16C0 to 1880. The rats ol growth has been
forty-one per cent, notwithstanding
th* fact that th* seven states
have supplied th* trana-MtseieeippI
Mates a population of at least on* million.
This growth of forty-one per oent wonld go
to ihow a gain of three million tlx handled
thousand inhabitant* in 1903, making tha
population of the teTin Mate* about twelve
million end a halt At th* same rate ot in
ert ere th* eleven sonthern Kite* wonld ihow
in twenty y«*ra a i--potation of tw«nty-tif*
million. Th*figure-are by no metni erxg-
gciattd. No fiction of the country hx* a
more hopeful outlook than the errata, and it
1* an outlook that by no mean* depends on
artificial methods ot inviting immigration.
The sonth need not bold ont Her hands to the
fntnre.
se fraud* are possible at Philadelphia, they
possible in all parts ot the country, and
as a matter of fact, they extat alt over the
country. The republican party has set a
premium on dishonesty, and its example
has had a demoralizing effect everywhere, in
the sonth as well as In the north.
We have before us s letter from Mr. A.
Griffin, who writes from Wesley, Ark. Mr.
Griffin appears to take a somewhat humorous
view of the pension business, bnt he evident
ly writes out ol abundant knowledge. "I
want," he says, “a copy of the pension taw,
I want to know what a man has
got to prove to get a pension. I served three
years and a-half in the rebel army, bnt I can
take fifteen or twenty dollars and prove that
I served In the federal army. I have had
my hip broken since the war, bnt I can
prove It was done in the war.'
Mr. Griffin then alludes to a neighbor by
name, and says: "I want to know who hta
witness ta. Ha ta drawing a pension, and ft
ta said he got it through fraud. He draws
thirty dollars a month, and he can do as
mneh work as anybody. I think it is the
duty of every honeit nun to guard against
fraud tn tho government. There are two or
three hundred applications for pensions from
this county atone, and the applicants can
prove what they pleas*. I think the name
of every pension claimant, together with the
namei of hta wilneasei, ehonld be widely ad
vertised, eo there conld be no underground
work."
Then caa b* no donbt that the whole pen
sion businen ta honeycombed with frands
snd swindles, snd ft ta to be hoped that th*
democratic administration will promptly
ffLiaggr 1 * emj tainri * *“ rch '
THE MASON COTTON-PICKER.
The Mason cotton-picker has not been
abandoned. The principle ta a new one, and
time and practical work in the fieldaro need
ed to develop and apply it to the best ad-
vxntfge. I'was tested last tall from the
opening to th* dot* of th* crop, and it will
be Mill mere freely tested this year, and It ta
now anticipated that the mschine will be so
tar perfected this year that It can be safely
placed upon the market for general cm be
fore the gathering cf the crop of 1880-87.
THE CIVIL SERVICE IN THE SOUTH,
Under this head the New York Timer,
which has been a consistent supporter of
President Cleveland's admlntatration, has an
article which is as admirable In its temper tut
It 1s wise in its suggestions. Allading to the
exhibition of impatience in some quarters of
the south at the delay in the reorganization
ol the civil service In the sonth, and admit
ting that such impatience ta not unnatural
under nil the circumstances, the Times is of
the opinion that a little reflection will show
those who desire the right kind of a change
in the federal offices in tbe sonth that ths
very nature of the task to be accomplished
requires the utmost care and deliberation in
treating It. The Times then goes on ta say:
What the sonth needs now Is precisely what It
has needed for years, a body of federal offlrahoM.
era of good character and capacity, representing
the federal government with dignity, and with
rcdlt to thcmschrcs and to tbe government, per-
forming their duties faithfully, and holding atooi
irom mere partisan etrogglta. Wo have urged on
every republican president In succession the wis
dom and necessity ol providing the south with
this kindol government officials. The principal
motive tor such a policy, apart from the general
requirements ot sound administration, was that
It would tend very actively toward tho creation
ot a strong sentiment ot respect and attachment
for the union as represented by tho national ad
ministration. This motive Is now replaced by the
corrcapondtngosothatanehaetTllservtee In the
south, selected a* it wonld be Irom sonthern ettt-
eens, would have an active tendency to strengths
en the respect and attachment ot the wholo coun
try for the peoplo of that section.
We do not underestimate the value or necessity
ota purification and clcvstldhot the civil icrvtcQ
at the north. We have labored for It for many
yean with all onr energies. Bnt all tbe motive*
existing for It In tbe north exist with tar ,'grtties
urgency with regard to the south. Thera it Is not
Simply a qneetlon of good administration ana
purer politics; tt Is a question ot tho highest pa
triotism, of cementing more closely and durably
tho bonds of union between tho peoplo ol tho
whole country by instilling mutual confldeuco
and regard. Some of tho most unfortunate of tho
few errors ot the administration have come from
haste, and from haste In the selection ot southern
men for appointment. Thoy hero already been
seized upon by tho extreme partisan republicans
u a basis for criticism. And wo may add that tho
wont encmic* ol tho president, those tn hls own
party who ere seeking to pnranade or force bin
to abandon hta reformfprioclples, aro urging bins
to the repetition ot these errots. The southern
men whoappr.-ctato the Importance ottho next
fonryeux to tho progress of the south will not
only awaltpatlcntly tho action of tho president,
but WlU do all that thoy can to aid him In mak-
lng.his action decisive In Its results.
This Is admirably put, and we present i t here
because it agrees so completely with what
Tux Constitution has already said on the
subject. There is even lees excase for im
patience than the Times is disposed to allow,
for it must be apparent to every reflecting
democrat that a sweeping change in the fed
eral offices of the sonth is inevitable—not E
change here and there, bat an absolute clean
ing cut and purification of the whole crowd
that has for so long hnmlltated the sonth and
disgraced the country.
Knowing that each change Is inevitable
nnder a self-respecting, democratic adminis
tration, there is no reason why any democrat
ehonld display impatience at what may seem
to be tbe delay of the president in making
satisfactory appointments. There ere cues—
notably the case of John E. Bryant, the
United States marshal for this district—where
prompt action on the part of the preddent
is demanded to secure the proper adminis
tration of the taws; but in the majority of
instances, the demoers's of the aontb can
well afford to reltsve tbe president of any
pressure that may arise from impa'tenc*.
There need be ao donbt that the present gang
of disreputable federal officials will be there
oughly cleaned ont
TH* agents of the SDanish government now In
Washington think that th* United State) can be
persuaded ta pay <150,000,000 for Cuba. Of coarse
such * scheme cannot snared. We can get Cub*
lor Uttla or nothing. By tha way. a traveller who
recently visited the .island’gives It a very good
character tor health. Tha only place in It tbst Is
sickly Is Havana. They have th* yellow lever la
this city nearly every season. Bat|wlth a good
sanitary management this conld be easily ■-o' let?.
The sewerage of Havana la at present drained into
the bar. This bay lies so locked in that the sew
erage has no ontlet to th* sea. The watera ol tho
bey, therefore, orCvery tonL People sre oltett
nradc very !U Irom stuply riding aero** the bar.
Re ny< that aU ot this conld be remedied by cut*
tin* a canal through ona ol the encircling points
of the bey, so u to girt a current out to the ret.'
He tsys that this can at would not cost over two OC
three millions. Theentttasol this canal would
makeBavasau healthyacllyuthere ta tnthia
world. He says that In the book part ol Cuba the
people are very vlxoroo. It ts not an an-..»mots
thing to sre.peopl* eighty or hlacty yean of a**.