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and woes of disgrace- If poor and depeii
dent upon the fathers labour for their sub
sistence, how deplorable the condition of
■wife and childkn when he prefers drunk
enness to labour—when instead of sup
plying thfcir wants and heightening their
enjoyments hv his society, he reels before
them a drunkard and vagabond. Oh!
who can describe the tuiguish ofa moth
ers heart, when she beholds her husband,
the father of her children, the object of
her first, her fondest love, pressing penu
ry and disgrace upon her, and making
beggars of her offspring, and yet insensi
ble to the*r sufferings? Not she, who has
beheld the object of her affections, cold in
death. No, death is the tribute of our be
injr, and reason can council passion when
it occurs. Not so with vice.
Why' then do mothers impart flavour to
the food of husbands and children with
this cause of woe. Ladies—we appeal
to you, for your assistance in the cause of
temperance. Intemperance is an evil,
which has often blasted the brightest pros
pects of many of your sex —torn from
them the endearments of society, wither
ed their hearts in grief, and hurried their
immortal spirits into the presence of their
God. And how many of your youthful
associates can you now enumerate, who
were beautiful, intelligent and gay, when
cheerfulness has been vanquished by the
intemperance of their husbands?—The
pleasing aspect of countenance by which
they eiilivened your hearts is no more; —
they are now pale and inelancholly; and
breathe not anticipations of future bliss,
but sigh in deep despair; and Yre long,
unless the cause of their sorrow is remo
ved, they will leave your society for the si
lence of the grave. Sympathize then,
with them in their distress, turn not a deaf
ear to fheir lamentations, but be active
for their relief. If the efforts in the
cause of temperance are successful, the
sorrows which have been produced, and
now subsist by intemperance, will diea
way. The happiness of the daughters in
•whom you now delight, will he better se
"Ctired; but if the progress of intemper
ance is not checked; they too, may feel
the sorrows incident to it, “when the pla
ces which know you now, shall know you
•no more.” Use not ardent spirit at your
tables, and improtate its use by your male
•acquaintances. Persuade them, with
whom you are familiarly acquainted, to
advocate the cause of temperance; and
regard, the overtures of them with whom
you are not familiarly acquainted, who
are proud under the influence of an intox
icating draught, as you would the approa
ches of the most insidious and cruel foe.
And believe not thut your efforts will be
unavailing. There are other testimoni
als of tiie influence of woman over man,
than the disobedience of Adam, to the
mandate of his God, and of the conse
quences o'" tb. t influence, than his expul
sion nm the garden of Eden.
Man appreciates you, as Heaven’s “last and best
gift"
Gentlemen; If instead of fathers, sons
be drunkards, sons whose beginnings were
promising and auspicious, whose spright
liness of genius, and moral excellencies
increased parental love and pride, who
can behold their fond parents weeping o
ver their vices, and hear their bitter lamen
tations, and be less affected? Such are
the scenes incident to intemperance, and
consequently to prevent such is the object
of the Temperance society.
And the disasters of intemperance, are
not confined to the individuals under its
influence, but extend to the community or
nation of which they are members, by di
minishing its numbers, and conse
quently its means of wealth and great
ness. lienee, Fellow Citizens, for
your aid in the cause af temperance,
we appeal not only to love of men, but
love of country. And, if the grounds of
your appeal, are not sufiieently strong to
induce you to associate with us, permit us
to declare that to be members of die Tem
perance society, will neither diminsh your
pleasure, or endanger your happiness :
and may perhaps increase the one, and
better secure the other. We have been
recently brought together, and from dif
ferent parts of this, and other States.—
Our acquaintance with each other, is not
Sufficiently mature, for each to occupy
the station in society, to which merit en
titles. Some, may perhaps be richer than
others,but pleasurable eminences arise not
from such a source: Riches may belong
to the vilesrt of mankind. Some may
perhaps possess titles of honour, and wear
such distinctions always, or even gener
ally obtained in consequence of uncom
mon merit, they would indeed confer
honour on the character.—But in the
present state of society, it is too well
known, this is not the case. They are
sometimes the fruits of mere dependance
assiduity: They may be the recompense
of flattery, versatility and intrigue; and
so be conformed with meanness and base
ness of character.” That kind of emi
nence, which is entitled to esteem and
can be alone procured among strangers,
is that which arises from personal merit.
And what a source of pleasure have they,
who command th< esteem of ‘heir ac
q laintanccs; ad art jularly,tht m among
whom they live. \ud what readers an
individual more meritorious, than an anx
ious solicitude, demonstrated bv acts of
self-denial, for the happiness of his fellow
beings, the honour of his country, and the
glory of his God! Nothing. —Hence,
draw the conclusion, that if sacrifices have
to he made for the formation of Temper
ance societies, and their objects are be
nevolent, no man can be less meritorious
from being a member of such a society:
and if merit be a ground for esteem, and
esteem a source of pleasure, no man’s
pleasure can lie diminished, mid, may be
increased by such an association. And
feilrtw-Tfltzen's, we believe, let your con
diton be ever so different, yet that you can
all derive advantages from a Temperance
society. Jf you arc young by your efforts
to suppress vice, you will command the at
tention, respect and influence, of the aged
and thoughtful. And if ybur effor s are
produced, not only by an abhorance to
iutempernnee, but by obligations known
to the community in which you live, you
will be better secured from its inroads.—
If you are in a state of celibacy, and wish
to continue, until you have acquired
w ealth or knowledge, a temperance so
ciety will be a bulw ark against the in
trusion of spendthrifts and idlers; and
when you wish to change, your conditions
will not be urged as an objection against
you, by such as are qualified to improve
them. If you are aged, the influence of
your example upon the young will be ben
eficial to them, and to the country;
and will cause them to reverence you as
you move oft’ the stage of human action;
and, the rememberance of your efforts in
the cause of temperance, will be no evil
to you in the vally and shadow of death,
and perhaps may aid you on tlie thres
hold of Eternity. If you are married and
a parent, you may witness the beneficial
influence of your example upon your
children while you live, and it may prove
“a savour of life” unto them, when you
slumber in your graves. And who will
undertake to say, that your efforts in the
cause of temperance, will not be instru
mental in associating you all in the
praises of “the only true and living God”
and the other enjoyment of Celestial
bliss when time shall he no more.—
With such a possibility, connected with
such inducements, we invite you to all be
come members of the Temperance society.
Fifteen persons become members. The
names of the gentlemen
Jos. T. Kilgore, G. E. Thomas, esq.
A. R. Mf.rshon, J. T. Camp, Esq.
Henry C. Dawson, E. A. D. Brown,
Caleb C. Dibble, Wrn. Salisbury,
John Johnson, Geo. W. Overton,
H. P. Garrison, Lewis Leion.
Which together with
31. D. Robertson, J. N. Bethi nk, esq.
Richards, R. Rutledge, and
Ephraim Brown, R. Scatter
Who have joined since the meeting on
the 14th of March, and the number who
joined at that meeting makes fifty-two
members of the Temperance Society of
Columbus.
A. P. MANLEY, Prest.
J. S. Norman, SVc’y. pro tem.
POLITICAL.
RESIGNATION OF THE CABINET.
From the globe.
Washington, April 20.
It will appear, by the publication in our
columns of to-day, that the Secretary of
State has tendtred his resignation to the
President, who has accepted it. The
grounds upon which this step was taken
are so fully and distinctly stated in the
correspondence, that comment an our part
is unnecessary. On the 7th Secretary of
War tendered liis lesignation to the Pres
ident; and yesterday, the Secretary of the
Tresury and Secretary of the Navy han
ded in theirs; all of which have been ac
cepted. From this it is inferred that a
new organization of the Cabinet is to take
place. *
Washington, April 11, 1831.
Dear Sir: I feel it to be my duty to re
tire irom the office to which your con
fidence and partiality called me. The
delicacy of this step, under the circum
stances in which it is taken, will, I trust,
be deemed an ample apology for statins'
more at large, than might otherwise have
been necessary, the reason by which I
am influenced.
From the moment of taking my seat
in your Cabinet, it has been my anxious
wish and zealous endeavor to prevent a
premature agitation of the question of
your successor: and, at all events, to dis
countenance, and if possible repress the
disposition, at an early day manifested,
to connect my name with that disturb
ing topic. Os the sincerity and the con
stancy of this disposition, no one has
had a better opportunity to judge than
yourself.—lt has however, been unavail
ing. Circumstances, not of mv creation,
and altogether beyond mv control, have
given to this subject a turn which cannot
now lie remedied, except by a self-dis
franchisement which, even if dictated by
my individual wishes, could hardly he re
concileable with propriety or self-res
pect.
Concerning the injurious effects which
the circumstance of a member of the Cab
inet’s occupying the relation towards the
country to which 1 have adverted, is cal
culated to have upon the conduct of pub
lic affairs, there cannot, I think, at this
time be room for two opinions. Diversi
ties ulterior preference among the friends
of an Administration are unavoidable;
and even if the respective advocates of
those thus placed in rivalsip be patrio
tic enough to resist the temtalion of cre
ating obstacles to the advancement of
him to whose elevation they arc opposed,
by e minimising the branch of public ser
vice committed to his charge, they are,
nevertheless, by their position, exposed
to the suspicion of entertaining and en
couraging such views: a suspicion which
can seldom fail in the end, to aggravate
into present alienation and hostilty the
prospective differences which first gave
rise to it. Thus, under the least unfa
vorable consequences, individual injustice
is suffered, and the Administration em
barrassed and weakened. Whatever
may have been the course of things un
der the peculiar circumstances of the
curlier stugo of the Republic, my exjieri
ence lias fully satisflsd me that, at this
day, when the field of selection has be
coiA so extended, the circumstaces re
ferred to, by augmenting the motives and
sources of opposition to the measures I
of the Executive, must unavoidably prove;
the cause of injury to the public service,
for a counterprise to which we may in
vain look to the peculiar qualifications
of any individual; and even if I should in
this be mirtaken, still 1 cannot so far de
ceive myself as to believe for a moment
thatjl am included in the exception.
These obstructions to the successful
prosecution of public affairs, when su
peradded ta that opposition which is in
separable from our free institutions and
which every administration must expec*
present a mass to which the operations
of the government should at no time be
voluntarily exposed:—the more especial
ly should this he avoided at so event
ful a period in the affairs of the world,
when our country may particularly need
the utmost harmony ia her coun- 1
cils.
Such being my impressions, the path
of duty is plain: and 1 not ouly sub
mit with cheerfulness to whatever per- :
sonal sacrifices may be involved in the j
surrender of the station 1 occupy; hut
I make it my ambition to set an ex- j
ample which, should it in the progress ;
of the Government be deemed, notwith- !
standing the humility of its oigin, worthy ■
of respect and observance, cannot, I think
fail to prove essentially and permanent
ly beneficial.
Allow me, Sir, to present one more
view of the subject;—You have consen
ted to stand before your constituents
for re-election. Os their decision, res
ting as it does upon the unbought suf
frages of afree, numerous, and widely
extended people, it becomes no man to
speak with certainty. Judging, however
from the past, and making a reasona
ble allowance for the fair exercise of
the intelligence and public spirit of your
fellow-citizens, I cannot hesitate in adopt
ing the belief that the confidence, as well
in your capacity for civil duties as in
your civic virtues, already so spontan
eously and strikingly displayed, will be
manifested with encreased energy, now,
that all candid observers must admit
their utmost expectations to have been
more than realized.
If this promise, so auspicious to the !
best interests of our common country, j
be fulfiled; the concluding term of your j
administration will, in the absence of;
any prominent cause of discord among!
its supyorters, afford a most favorable!
opportunity for the full accomplishment'
of those important public objects, to the
prosecution of which I have witnessed
on your part such steady vigilance and j
untiring devotion. To the unfavorable j
influence which my continuance in
your Cabinet, under existing circum
stances, may exercise upon this flatter
ing prospect, I cannot, Sir, without a to
tal disregard of the lights of experience,
and without shutting my eyes to the ob
vious tendency of things for tiie future
be insensible. Having, moreover, fronfa
deep conviction of importance tothe coun
try, been among the most urgent of vour
advisers to yield yourself to the obvious
wishes of the People, and knowing the
sacrifice of personal feeling which was in
volved in your acquiescence, I cannot re
concile it to myself to he in any degree the
case of embarrassment to you during the
period which, as it certainly will be of
deep interest to your country, is moreover
destined to bring to its close, your patrio
tic, toilsome and eventful public life.
From these considerations, I feci it to
be doubly mv duty to resign a post, the re
tention of which is so calculated to attract
assaults upon your administration,to which
there might otherwise be no inducement
—assaults of which whatever be their aim
the most important as well as most injur
ious effect is, upon those public interests
which deserve an 1 should command the
support of all good citizens. This duty,
I should have discharged at an earlier peri
od, but tbr considerations, partly of a pub
lic, partly ofa personal nature, connected
with circumstances which were calculated
to expose its performance then to miscon
struction and misrepresetation.
Having explained the motives which
govern me in thus severing, and with
seeming abruptness, the official ties by
which we have been associated, there re
mains but one duty for me to perform. It
is to make my profound and sincere ac
knowledgements for that steady support
and cheering confidence which, in the dis
charge of my public duties, I have, under
all circumstances received at your hands
ns well as for the personal kindness at all
times extended to me.
Rest assured, Sir, that the success of
your priv ate life, will ever constitute ob
jects of the deepest solicitude with.
Your sincere friend and obedient servant.
M. VAN BUIiEN.
The President.
W ashington, April 12, 1831.
Dear Sir,
Your letter resigning the office of sec
retary of State w as received last evening.
I could indeed wish that no circumstance
had arisen to interrupt the relations which
have for two years, subsisted between us,
and that they might have continued
through the period during which it may
lie my lot to remain charged with the du
ties which the partiality of my country
men has imposed upon me. But the
reasons you present are so strong that,
u ith a proper regard for them, 1 cannot
ask you on my own account, to remain in
the Cuhinet.
1 am awure of the difficulties you have
had to contend with, and the benefits
which have resulted to the affairs of yoi g
country, from your continued zeal in tile
arduous tasks to which you have been
subjected. To say that I deeply regret to
lose you is but feebly to express my feel-
I ings on the occasion.
When called by my country to the sta
j tion which I occupy, it was not without a
deep sense of its arduous responsibilities,
and a strong distrust oLmyself, that I o
lieyed the call; but cheered by the con
sciousness that uo other motive actuated
me, than a desire to guard her interests,
and to place her upon the firm ground of
those great principles which, by the wis
est and purest of our patriots, have been
deemed essential to her prosperity, I ven
tured upon the trust assigned me. I did
this in the confident hope of finding the
support of advisers, able and true ; who,
laying aside every thing but a desire to
give new vigor to the vital principles of
our Union, would look with a single eye
to the best means of effecting this para
mount object. In you, this hope has
been realized to the utmost. In the most
i difficult and trying moments of my ad
| ministration, I have always found you
; sincere, able and efficient—anxious at all
i times to afford me every aid. If bowev
j er, from circumstances in your judgment
| sufficient to make it necessary, the official
ties subsisting between us must be sever
j ed, I can only say that this necessity is
deeply lamented by me, 1 part with you
j only because you yourself have requested
! me to do so, and have sustained that re
quest by reasons strong enough to
command my assent. 1 cannot, howev
er, allow the separation to take place,
without expressing the hope, that this
retirement from public affairs {is but tem
porary ; and that if, in any other station,
the government should have occasion for
services, the value of which has been so
sensibly felt by me, j our consent will not
be w anting.
Ot the state oftliings to which you ad
vert, I cannot hut he lullv aware. I look
upon it with sorrow, and regret it the
more, because one of its first effects is to
disturb the harmony of my Cabinet. It
is, however, but an instance of one of the
evils to which free government must ever
he liable. The only remedy for these e
vils, as they arise, lies in the intelligence
and public spirit of our common consti
tuents. They will correct them—and in
this there is abundant consolation. I
cannot quit *.is subject without adding
! that with the best opportunities for observ
| ing and judging, 1 have seen in j r ou no
| other desire than to move quietly on in
! the path of your duties and to promote
; the harmonious conduct of public affairs,
i If on this point you have had to encoun
ter detraction, it is hut another proof of
! the utter insufficiency of innocence and
j worth to shield from such assaults,
j Be assured that the interest you express
; in my happiness is most heartily recipro
cated—that my most cordial feelings ac
company you, and that I am, very sin
ccrcij' your friend.
ANDREW JACKSON.
P. S. It is understood that vou are to
continue in office until your successor is
appointed.
31 artin Van Burf.n,
Secretary of State.
The following is the correspondence
between the President and the Secretary
of the Navy, respecting the resignation of
the latter. It will he seen that the con
cludiug letter of the President to Mr.
Branch, with only the substitution of
Navy for Treaury, is identical with the
one which he addressed to Mr. Ingham.
W asiiinoton, April 19th, 1831.
Sir: in t!\c interview which I had the
honor to hold with you this morning, I
understood it to be your fixed purpose to
reorganize your Cabinet, and that as to
myself it was your wish that I should re
tire from the administration of the Navy
Department.
Under these circumstances, I take
pleasure in tendering to you the commis
sion, which, unsolicited on my part, you
were pleased to confer on me»
I have the honour to be, with great
respect, yours, &c. JOHN BRANCH.
To the President U. A.
Washington, April \9th 2831.
Bm, your letter of this date, by your son, is
just received—accompanying it is your
commission. The sending of the latter
was not necessary it is your own private
property, and by no means to bo consid
ered part of the archives of the Govern
ment. Accordingly, I return it.
There is one expression in yoor letter
to which I take leave to except. I did
not, as to yourself, express a wish that
you should retire. The Secretary of
State, and war, having tendered their re
signations, I remarked to yon, that I felt
it to be indispensible to recognize mv
Cabinet, proper,—that it had come iii
harmoniously, and as a unit; and as a
part was about to leave me, which on to
morrow would be announced, a reorgan
zation was necessary to guard against
misrepresentation. These were my re
marks, made to you in candor and sin
cerity. Your letter gives a different im
port to my words.
Your letter contains no remark as to
your performing the duties of the office
until a successor can be selected. On
this subject I should be glad to know
your views.
I am very respectfully, yours;
ANDREW JACKSON.
The Hon. John Branch,
Secretary of the Navy.
Washington, April 1 [ith 1831
sir : I have the honor to acknowledge
the receipt of yours of this dutc, in an
swer to mine of the same.
In reply to your remark that there is
one expression in my letter to which you
must except, I would respectfully an
swer that I gave what I understood to be
the substance of your conversation. I did
not pretend to quote your language.
1 regret that I misunderstood you ir.
the slightest degree; 1, however, stand
corrected, and cheerfully accept the in
terpretation which you have given to your
own expression.
I shall freely continue mj best exer
tions to discharge the duties of the De -
partment, until you provide a succes-or.
I hav e the honor to be, w ith the greatest"
respect, your obt. sent.
JOHN BRANCH.
To the President, U. S
Washington, April 20, 1831.
Sir: Lute last evening, I bad the honor
to receive your letter of that date, ten
dering your resignation of the office of
Secretary of the Navy.
When the resignations of the Secreta
ry ol State and Secretary of War were
tendered, I considered fully the reasons
offered, and all the circumstaces connec
ted with the subjects. After mature de
liberation, I concluded to accept those
signations. But when this conclusion
was come to, it was accompanied with a
conviction that I must entirely renew my
Cabinet. Its members bad been invited
by me to the stations they occupied—it
had come together in great harmony, and
as a unit. Under the circumstances in
which I could not but perceive the propri
ety of selecting a cabinet composed of en
tirely new materials, as being calculated
in this respeet at least, to command pub
lic could I be insensible to thcfact, that to
permit two only to retire would be to af
mrd room for unjust misconceptions and
maligant misrepresentations concern
ing the influence of their particular pres
ence upon the conduct of of public affairs.
Justice to the individuals whose public
spirit had impelled them to tender their
resignations, also squired, then, in my
opinion, the decision which 1 have sta
ted. Howwer painful to my own feel
ings, it became necessary that I should
frankly make known to you my view of
the whole subject.
In accepting your resignation, it is with
great pleasure that I l>ear testimony to the
integrity and zeal with wh en you have
managed the concerems of the Navy. In
yourdischarge of all the duties of j’our of
fice, over which I have any control, I have
been fully satisfied; and in your retire
ment you carry with you my best wished
for your prosperity and happiness. It is
understood that you will continue to di»-
charge the duties of your office until a suc
cessor is appointed.
I have the honor to be, with great res-’
pect, your most obedient servant,
ANDREW JACKSON.
John Branch, Secretary of the Navy.-
TIIE LATE RESIGNATIONS.
From the Intelligencer.
T he *1 elegraph ot last evening contains
the following correspondence between th«
President and Secretary ok the Trea
sury. It discloses the fact that 3lr. Ing
ham resigned eit the request of the Presi
(lent, for which the previous resignations,
of Messrs. Eaton and Van Bijren paved
the way, and confirms the opinion which
we hazard as the true cause of the move
ment. The dismissal of Mr. Ingham is,
we believe, the first case of the dismissal
of a Cabinet Officer which Ims occurred
in our Government since the first term
31r. Madison’s administration.
3Yashington, April 18, 1831.
Sir: In communicating to me, this
morning, the information of the resigna
tion of the Secretary of State and Secre
tary of War, together with the reasons
which had induced the former to take this
step, you were pleased to observe that this,
proceeding was made known to me as
one of thase w hom you hud associated
with you in the administration of the Gov
ernment, and you suggested that I would,
after a few days reflection, have a further
conversation with you on this subject.
But, in recurring to the brief remarks
made at the time, as well as to the letter
of resignation of the Secretary of Stated
which you were good enough to submit,
for my perusal, I have not been able to
ascertain what particular matter was in
tended to he proposed for my reflection,-
as connected with this event. Under
these circumstances, and being desirous
of avoiding the possibility of misappre
hension as to your views, I would respect
fully inquire whether the measure adopt-'
ed hv the Secretary of State and of War,
is deemed to involve considerations on
which you expect a particular communi
cation from me, and, if so, of what na
ture.
1 have the honor to be, respectfully,
your oh’t serv’t. S. D. INGIIAAI. •
To the President of the U. S.
W asiiington, April 19, 1831.
Sir: I aid gratified to find myself en
tirely relieved, by the distinct explana
tions at the interview to which von invi-'
ted me, to-day, from the uncertainty ni
to the object of your communication yes
terday, which I had referred to in mv note
of last evening; and have to make my ac
knowledgments for the kindness with
which you have expressed your satisfac
tion with the manner in which I have dis
charged the duties of the station to which
you had thought proper to invite me, and
your conviction of the public confidence
iu my administration of the Treasury De
partment. I bejr leave, however, to add
in my own justification, for not following
the example of the Secretary of State and
Secretary of \Yar, in making avolunta-.
r y tender of the resignation, of my office,