Newspaper Page Text
.ding to the endowment of the College,
lias enabled the Trustees to replace the
'building which was destroyed during the
last year, contract for the erection of a
chapel sufficient for the accommodation
of the numerous visitors, whs attend the
annual College commencements, create
two additional Professorships, nod till one
which was vacant. There is every reason
to hope that the State will be amply re*
paid for the support which i* has thus giv
en to its principal seminal y of learning, in
the improved capacity of its young men
to serve the public faithfully and with abi
lity.
The Trustees have born very much em
barrassed by th • I 'gd requirement that
t i v should board and educate at the
College one poor youth from each country,
on account oftlie failure of the Legislature
to provide the necessary funds for that
purpose.
The Academic and poor school funds
continue to be paid away from me Trea
sury, without any security that they will
be applied pmperlv to effect the object, for
which they are appropriated. Indeed we
appear to have been expending the pub
lic money more with th** vk vv of ex
pressing our conviction oftlie importance
of education, to a free people, than of ac
tually securing Us advantages. We liavt
been pay ing sums to academies that have
only an ideal existence, and for the edu
cation oftlie poor, where such a class can
scarcely be said to exist, and when all re
quire its advantages. The annual reports
oftlie Trustees of these funds, prove that
they have rendered no public be elit, at
all equivalent to the amount which has
been expended, notwithstanding that there
have been particular instances of the very
useful appiicutionnf lioth. It may well be
doubted whether the present plan of ap
propriutiug the public funds to the purpo
ses of education, is not radically defective.
If the people are to V*e educated at tlu
'pu'Te expense,"ought not pr nmry schools
to be established in eyery District, and
in eh* common to all the children of the'
State?
The laws upon several subjects of gen
eral interest, have become so multiplied,
an !, hi some instances, so contradictory
in their provisions, as to render a careful
xevisal of them exceedingly necessary. I
would call your attention particularly to
the defects of our election laws. Os the
thousands of Election Returns anmmlly
jo.ci wd at this Department, scarcely one
is in dfs inexact conformity with the law.
There have been one hundred laws pass
ed, upon this subject, during the last six
y .each varying in its provisions from
tli »t‘>er, without any cone, ivahle oliject.
P> b ips the multiplicity and contrariety
of; 1 . r enactments, cannot be more st ri
le v exemplified, than from tiie fact,
tli e 18 different degrees of punishment
were pressribed for the same offence in
tlie laws passed at one session; and that,
by'he laws of the last session, directing
die election of surveyors in each county
,to survey the Cherokee territory, the su
perintendents were directed* to make
the returns under their hands and sr.alf,
and t* at in the 76 returns which.have
been received, the law has not been com
plied with ii» a single instance. The duty
of this Department, in determining upon
the legality of elections, is thus rendered
exceedingly laborious and difficult. If no
.commissions are signed, except upon the
gvideoce that elections nr* held in strict
conformity with the law, the comities will
be without officers; and if a different courn
J 8 pursued, the law becomes nugntorv:
The host remedy for those difficult <s,
wo ! ' seem to be the substitution of one
general law, of simple and explicit re
quir merits, for all that are now in force
upon this subject, . ■
I compliance with the request: of the
Legislature, 1 iddresscd a li-'ter to the
stockholders of the I).ri« i Bunk, pskmg
of them to state upon what terms, they
w ere willing to dispose- of their stoc- to
the State. 'l'hc copy of this letter, to
gether with the answers received, are here
wth communicated. The offers of sale
jteo e been hut few, and at.hut way small
discount. It t- believed llmt the purchase
upon any terms would he an exceedingly
unprofitable application of the public
funds.'
I transmit copies of the reports which
have . been received from the different
Lank?.
The notes of our domestic banks form,
at present, the entire circulating medium
of the state. „ It is, therefore, of great im
piuTjnicf. both to the government and the
people, that their issues should be so regu
lar I mid controlled as to prove»t-lhe"eviis
o'" h vicious currency. Notwithstanding
our staple productions have been constant
ly declining in price for the last ten years,
the number of our hanks have been as re
gularly increasing. And at no time here
tofore, his bu"king privileges been more
eagerly’ sought after than at present, when
our st ml" commodities are reduced to the
lowest price at which they can lie-produ
ced. There s some reason to apprehend
that the desire for the increase of hanks,
proceed- ps modi from the spirit of .specu
lation, which the universal habit of tra
ding upon credit has created among our
people, as the necesity for an additional
quantity of currency to represent the cir
culating wealth of the country. Whilst the
government is conferring upon particular
corporations the exclusive right of issuing
notes to supply the place of specie,it ought
assuredly to protect the interest of the
people from the improper exercise of such
a nrivih ;>e. It will In’ perceived bv nil
exmuination of the Bank Reports or the
present and several succeeding v< irs,t|mt
the i»«nes of each hank, owl of the whole
Colleetively« have been more than double
the amount of specie in tijudr vaults, i'.v
j cry bank may therefor*) be Considered un
able to redeem its notes in specie, upon
any general and sudden demand. The
! '•(immunity is not at present suffering un
der any particular injury from this suited
i things, because of the regular state of our
home and foreign market, and the undis
turbed quiet of the country. Convulsions
in trade will, however, take place at some
time. Upon the first general demand for
S|>ccie, the Ranks must press their debt
ors, curtail their issues, and perhaps stop
payment, and thus bring ruin upon mauv,
and distress upon the \i hole people.
It is well worthy of vour consideration,
whether some precaution cannot I**' used
against the occurrence of evils of such
magnitude. For this purpose, permit me
to suggest to you the |ml icy of making the
the 1! inks subject to the payment of a
large percent, upon all sums of their notes,
the payment of which may be demanded
by the holder (not being the agent of hiiv
other Rank or Corporation,) in specie,
which they may omit or refuse to comply
with.
As, however, this remedy might not be
very effective, until the evil to be prevent
ed was actually felt, I would specially re
commend that you prohibit the circulation,
after a certain length of time, ofall Bank-
Notes under the value of five dollars. The
effect of this measure will be to make gold
and silver supply the place of the notes,
which will be thus excluded from circula
tion, create a constant supply of specie in
the country,ami thereby enable the,Ranks
through their debtors to meet occasional
measures upon them for specie, to render
the whole currency, whether of bank-notes
or coin, of equal value. That part of tho
community, whose money must always be
in small notes, who have but little know
ledge of tlie state of the Banks, or the
genuineness of their bills, would, by this,
measure, be in some degree secured from
forgeries and failures, from which they
must always suffer more in proportion to
their means than other classes of the com
munity, so long tis bank-notes login the
exclusive currency oftlie state.
The doubt w hich is entertained of the
.constitutionality of the law which creates
the Central Bank, on account of the ail-*
thoritv which it gives to the Directors to
issue bills, would justify an alteration of
the law in that respect. The State would
also derive, from such a measure, an. ad
ditional security against attempts to make
the issues of the Bank correspond rather
with the demands of the people, for mo-'
nov, than the quantity of public funds in
its possession.
A statement of the warrants drawn
upon the Treasury, dunng the past year,
is laid before you.
A splendid Map and Atlas of the State
of Nevv-York, has been, by the direction
of its Legislature, presented to Georgia,
in a manner worthy the munificence of
that State.
1 cannot conclude this Message with
out calling your attention to the serious
public injury which must follow from ti e
number of oaths which are required to be
administered bv our laws. Tio truth is
bettor tested by experience, than that oaths
lose their proper effect upon t lie conscien
ces and conduct of most men, m propor
tion to the frequency of their repetition:
And vet we continue to divest them of
their sanctity, by requiring then! to be ta
ken upon all occasions, and for the most
trivial purposes. The consequence must
necessarily be increasing immorality, and
the general insecurity of all public and
pro ite rights; the preservation of which,
in any manner, depend upon the testjmo-,
nv of witnesses. The extent of the evil
dein uids an immediate and adequate re
ined v.
With the strongest desire of mrtintain
ing the honor and rights of the State, an.d
promoting tlie happiness of its people,
these various matters are submitted to
your consideration,
Tlv your fellow-citizen,
GFOKGE R. GILMER.
GEORGIA LEGISE VTURE.
IN SENATE—. Votv 7,183 L
Notice tor the appointment of a com-
I mitt‘ e to prepare and report a Bilk
By Mr. Dunagan: To repeal the fifth
| sec. of the act to authorise the survey
i and disposition of the lands within the
limits of Georgia,in the occupancy of the
! C'herokee Indian-, Sic. passed the 110th
( Dee l>:tO.
Hy Mr. Burch: A Bill to extend the
I time for fortunate drawers in the land
i lotteries of ISIS, 18111 and IStlO. to take
out their grants, was read the (irst lime.
Tuesday, JVnr H
Agreeable to notice given yesterday, a
committee was appointed to .prepare and
report a bill to repeal the 15th section of
an act to authorise the survey and disjmsi
tion of the lands within the limits of Geor
gia, in the occupancy of the Cherokee
tribe of Indians.
Hv Mr. Cleveland: A Bill to amend the
13th sectiou/ofthe late Land Act, so as to
reduce the time requiring persons to be
inhabitants of this State four years, to
three: and iilso to repeal the 35th section
of said Land Act, enacted on the 20th
Deeemficr, 1830, for the disposition of the
Cherokee country, and force the imme
diate survey and occupancy of those lands
agreeable to the provisions of said law.
By Mr. Clavton: A Bill to incorporate
a Bank in the town of llawkinsville, in
I’ulaski county.
.Mr. Wood laid on the table the follow
ing preamble and resolutions:
Wr.r.nrvs the cli*otion of ANDHPiM
JACKSON to the Presidency of the (J.
Stati s, forthe next term, isofvit.il im
portance to the best interests of the peo
ple, imd will tend to ix rpetnute the h ip
pim;-1 uud prosperity of our Is luted coun
ry, a.- well as preserve ’Unimpaired the
Federal Constitution—for the following
reasons; ' K
Ist. Because lie is a decided and firm
friend to the continuance of the* Union of
the .’■•tales. “It must be preserved.”
2d. Because be lias avowed an honest
conviction, the payment of the national
debt is the surest means of reconciling the
conflicting' interests at present existing,
and thereby render permanent the hit s.—
ingswc now enjoy. If In* is re-elected,
tla re is no doubt that til! important objects
will lie accomplished.
Bd. 15ec.in.se since be has been Presi
dent, lie has done all in bis power to en
sure to Georgia, the Territory now "in the
possession oftlie Cherokee Indians; judg
ing therefore by the past, we notv confi
dently rely fin- the future on his exercisin':
all lus influence,lo enforce our just rights,
Jitui thereby realize to the State the pos
session of th* se lauds, and the citizens the
enjoyment of them: For these, and other
strong considerations—
lie it resolved by the Senate ami fdouse
of Representatives of the State of Gior
gio, in Ge.netal Assembly wet, ami it is
hereby resolved by the authority of the
saute, That the people of tins Btate look
forward with' deep solicitude to the re
election of Andrew iackson to the Presi
dency of the United States at the ensuing
election, and do hereby pledge themselves
to support bun for dint high office. They
do not hesitate to declare it as their opi
nion, that ni the disturbed and excited
feeling of the country, he is the most fit
and proper person to be supported, and
we do in the most earnest terms recom
mend him to the people of our Sister
States at the approaching election.
Mr. Swain laid on the table resolutions
that no member be allowed pay whilst ab
sent, except on account of sickness of
himself or family, and. that the Legislature
adjourn sine die on the 17. th December.
Wednesday, Nov. 9.
Committees appointed to prepare and
report bills, presented, among others, the
following?
For the purpose of making provisions
to cordpensate Grand and Petit Jurors of
the State.
To prohibit any chartered or private
Rank, or Corporate Company, from issu
ing any bank bill, or bill for circulation,
under the sum of five dollars.
To amend the law lor licensimr Ped
lars.
To repeal so much of the Penal Code
of this State, its relates to Penitentiary
; confinement.
To alter and amend (lie laws of this
St.de regulating ami defining patrol’dutv,
and for other purposes.
To rebuild the Penitentiary Edifices;
to appropriate money, for tha; purpose,
and to provide for the government and
discipline of the Penitentiary.
To incorporate Franklin in the county j
of Heard.
To establish two additional election
districts irt the county of Marion.
Mr. W oolfoik-obtained leave to report]
instanter tiie following bills:
To grant purchasers ot reserves, frac
tions, arid town lots, grants from the State
for the same free *>f charge.
To incorporate the Roman Catholic
Church of St. Philip and-St. James, in
the town of Columbus.
For the relief of Moses Cox—-and
For the relief of Thomas G. Gordon.
Thursday, Nov. 10.
Committees were appointed to prepare
and report the following hills:
, To alter and amend the patrol laws of
tills State.
To repeal the 2d, 3d and 4th sections
of tiie University'Act, passed December
21 st, 1830, to appoint eleven additional
trustees, Ac.
To exonerate the trustees of the Pres
byterian 'Church in the town of Columbus,
from the payment of their note due the
States &o.
.To give to the Commissioners of the
town of Columbus, tiie entire control of
the public; hands west of Flint river.
Authorizing the Governor to order the
immediate survey and occupancy of the
Cherokee country in this State, and to or
ganize the same.
To grant a charter to a Rail Road
Company from Augusta to Columbus.
To authorize the Governor to issue a
| grant to the Roman Catholic Church of
Columbus, fora lot in Columbus,
j To incorporate the Laneustermn School
Society of Columbus.
To incorporate the Stewart County
AeadeniTt -
To divide the county of I.ee.
To define the duties of Solicitorg-Gen
cral, in certain cases.
• To amend in part the 4th and Bth sec.
of the Ist mt. of the Constitution of t e
State of Georgia.
To repeal that part of the tax laws
which requires our free white citizens to
pay {I poll tax.
To appoint Commissioners to alter tiie
control and management of that part of
the public hands apportioned to Flint
liver.
Mr. Bailey, from the special commit
tee appointed, reported “a bill to pardon
Josiali Gaines.”
Bills read the 2d time:
For the relief of Thomas G. Gordon.
To grant purchasers of reserves, frac
tions and town lots, grants from the State
lor the same, free of charge.
T* incorporate the Roman Catholic
Church of Columbus.
To repeal the I.7th section of an act to
authorize ihe survey and disposition of
lauds in the occupancy oftlie Cherokees,
passed Dec. 21, ism
The bill extending the time fur fortunate
drawers m the land loltcriov of I*lß, IMP
audlSCI, to take out their grant*, vfa«
read a third time and passed, and the Se
j cretary directed to carry the bill forthwith
to the House of Rcprest utatives.
HOUS'D OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Monday, Nor. 7.
1 Mr. Carnes, from one of the committees
j appointed to prepare lulls, re|Hirled one
[ for the Letter government of slaws ai:ei
t ree persons of color.
Tuesday, Nor. 8.
Mr. Rates reported a lull to repeal the
1 *>’h section of an act to authorize the
survey and disjxisition «if the hinds lying
wit hi- the limits of Georgia, in the occu
pancy oftlie Cherokee tribe.
air. Alerriv.ether gave notice that lie
would bring m a bill relative to th in
troduction of slaves in the State of Geor
gia, from and after the Ist January, lr*32.
Mr. Hatcher gave notice that he would
bring ot a bill to amend the Judiciary of
171>!>, so far as relates to writs of certio
rurio.
Wednesday, Nov. 9.
The Governor transmitted to the lioase,
a report from the agent appointed to in
vestigate the manner in which the Com
missioners of Pilotage, ofSavannah, have
performed tiie duty imposed upon them,
In the law passed the 19th of December,
1823; and the Returns of tiie Census of
the State, taken during the [last year,
as they have been received at the Execu
tive Department, from the clerks of the
different counties; which were read and
laid on the table.
Thursday, Nov. 10.
Mr. Bates from the committee appoint-'
ed , reported ihe following rule: TLit no
joint committee shall consist of more
than eight members on the .part of the
Senate, and twelve me in hi rs on tiie part
of the House of Representatives.
A message was received from the Sen
ate, informing the House that it agreed to
a joint rule, that no joint committee shall
consist ot mere than eight members on
the part of the House of Representatives.
The same being taken up, was disa
greed to.
Triday, Nor. 11.
B'*Hs wdre reported by the following
gentlemen: By Mr. Dye to regulate
slaves in the crf'mtv of Burke. Bv
Mr. Myers, to prevent itinerant persons
from locating themsclvss on or near-the
Savannah river; oh the pretence of lidi
ing. Mr. M. also reported a bill to exempt
from taxation, in certain eases, the Capi
ta! St no', of the Bank of tiie State of
Georgia. By .Mr. Terrel, to niter and fix
the tone of holding tin Superior Court for
Hail coun'y. By* Mr. Williams, to lay
out an.il organize anew county, from the
countiesof Marion and Iloustou. ilealso
reported a lull to compensate Petit Jurors
in Marion county: and to establish and
regulate election districts in said county.
Bv Mr. Petit, a hill to abolish the Peni
tentiary System in this State, and to
change the mode of punishment for crime.
Adjourned.
if
fall of Wausau I
On the -7th of September tlie Russian
commander, Paskevvitch sent to demand
the surrender of Warsaw, in the name of
the emperor of Russia; offering amnesty
and pardon if the surrender should be
made: it was refused. At day break on
the 6th the Russian army advanced to
storm: the conflict was desperate: they
carried the four redoubts and the .first line
of entrenchments, On the morning of
the 7th a message was received at 4 o’clock
from general Krukowiecki, to say that if
the renewal oftlie attack was suspended,
the Poles would surrender. Soon after the
chief ol the Polish -government came to
inform Paskevvitch that he could not con
cur m the offer of surrender witltout the
consent of the Diet; lie withdrew ,*rt 19
o,clock—3 hours were granted for con
sultation, this period expired; half an hour
was axed, and given: no answer; the sig
nal was given for attack—it was terrible
and successful. Again flags of truce were
sent to require surrender; they got only
evasive answers; the second line of en
trenchments was carried; the gardens,
the ditches, the most were desperately
defended; but carried at the point of the
bayonet. The meat and the walls were
now assailed, and at nine at night after
a bloody effort, they were crossed: the
streets were barricaded, but father resis
tance was useless.—lo.o pieces of cannon,
6999 prisoners, the dreadful carnage and
the occupation of their capital, have, we
bear blasted the hopes of Polish liberty.
The Russian commander was wounded
early in the action, and obliged for a time
to retire, during bis absence Gem Mil Toll
commanded: the Diet dissolved itself on
the night of the 7th. General Crucko
vviecki then assumed the dictatorship, and
sent a flatr of truce to announce to Paske
witeh his Surrender: upon which the Rus
sian gave orders to respect persons and
property. The Polish army marched to
Plot/ to await the commands oftlie eon
querer; the Grand Duke Michael received
bread and salt a deputation at the barrier;
the suburbs on the South-west are nearly
burned down: ihe imperial guard took
possession of the city. General Count
Witt is governor and General Cord* com
mandant: the Russian loss it is various
ly stated from .7,000, to 30,000 men. La
ter accounts inform us that there was a
cessation of hostilities for 1.7 davs, until
the resolution of the imp' ror could he
learned from ♦it. P« tersburg. The Rus
sian governor of Warsaw, count Witt, re
quires the National guard and all others,
who have arms, to deliver them up with
in 48 liotlfs ill the m-eiud, oil** l « in: lino
! 'fill suffer miiiraiy pnc-J menr. Ti e
mam body ol the i ohsh army was not at
Warsaw; it appears that tiiev were on
| their mnrch to effect some other oh' -i
| not supposing the attack would l e >,j
successful, 6.006 of them are still under
| arms,and have consider:.hie confidence.
The whole number of killed and woun
ded at Warsaw was about 30,000 of w hum
two thirds were of the Russian aiiuv.
Paskewitch’s wound, though onlv a con
tusion, was exceedingly dangtoua, and
his recovery was doubtful.
lit xcAt:v. —The massacres perpetrated
by the insurgents ware shocking; th.v
tortured and killed a number of tho nu
bility and physicians, under the impres
sion that they had poisoned wells. Thcv
were confirmed m this notion wfieri they
perceived that « servant wh mi thev had
! compelled to swallow a quantity of it, liar]
vomited blood. The greatest excesses
were in the counties iff Zips aad Zein
plin. They looked upon the cholera to
have been produced i y this prepaid*
tion.
France. —The city of Paris was digs
turbed greatly for some days by the mob
who charged the king and ministry with
having abandoned Poland to its fate.
But after an exposition in the chamber,
the ministers had a majority of 80 upon
the question ofp ssing to the order of the
day. During the excitement (lie crios
vvere—for Napoleon 11. and for a Repub
lic—the object of those who excited thfe
cries was to influence the chauthers.
The chambers if seems want to bring the
relics of Napoleon from St. Helena. The
minister appear to gain strength; the 3d
regt. of light infantry which repressed the
popular movements has received ert dp,
audits officers.tire promoted. Govern--
meat appears now to have acquired some,
stability.
Gat vt Britain—On the morning of
Sept. 22d the Reform bill passed the house,
of commons by a voted 347 to 238—ab
sent 49, paired off 22, vacant 19. Tho
reform bill was on the evening of the 22d
carried with usual form to the house of
Lords. M. Van Buret!, accompanied bv
Washington Irving, visited Lord'Palmer
ston at tlu* foreign office on the 10th of
September. The house of Lords has
had galleries created lor the nccoifinroda
tion of its members, as the great increase
of attendance upon the question of Re*-
form would seem to require. Speculation
was busy in conjecture as to the fate of"
the bill. The number of members arc,
Dukfs (4 royal) 23 Marquisses 26 Earls
129 Viscounts 2.» Barons 143, Represen
tatives of Scotch peers 16, Representa
tives of Irish peers 28. English bishop*
(arch, 2.) 29. Rep. of Irish bishops (arch.
1.) 4—total 420. Some of these are
rumours, and some insane'. As proxu'S
are allowed it was thought 400 would
vote:" feais were entertained from tin*
opposition of such a body as 39 prelates
most of whom are opposed to every exten
sion of popular freedom. The second
reading of the Irish r form bill was to
succeed the Scotch bill passing the com*-
mittoe in the house of commons.
Portugal. Several executions of the
late insurgents have taken [dace in Lis
bon. Miguel is abused as usual, yet he
is a favorite with many of his subjects.
The fleet which was said to have been
given up to Don Pedro, has returned to
Miguel.
Belgium. It was thought bis Dutch
majesty would assail king Leopold as
soon qs the armtstic shall have terminated.
Leopold was making ready. Subsequent
accounts state that the treaty of peace •was
arranged and to be signed on the tOth’of
October, Liixemh rg is to belong to Bel
gium, and Austria and Prussia are to
fix the compensation 5o fie given to 110 l
land.
Switzerland —Neufchatel a little can--
ton of 20,000 inhabitants which the holy
alliance gave over to P ussia has declar
ed itself independent, reiving uppon the
fear of the cholera in France and in otlv
er Swiss cautions through which Prussia
should inarch to its attack. Negoerations
were opened for the emancipation ofNeufi*
chatel: the cbiefobstacle was the demand
of the country party to occupy tiie fort
with 400 men pending the negocia~
tiuu.
coi.i: METIS
CIRCULATING LIBRARY.
7TRIE subscriber respectfully informs the in
l lint) tents of Columbus and the neighbor*
liood, that his Library is no>v open for the re
ception of subscribers.v. The Library will con
sist of Religious Works, History, Travels, anil
Lives of distinguished Mon. Poems, Romances,
Novels, Reviews, Magazines, Ac. Ac. They
are also informed that he has made arrange
ments to receive all new publications ns soon
as they are issued from tlie press. If the pat
ronage will admit of tho ■undertaking, there will
be a Reading Room added to the above, well
supplied with News papers from different parts
of tlie country, which will be expressly for the
use of Subscribers, free of charge. ,
Ts RMS—For one year s>lo. one halfto no
paid in advance. For six months stf>, one hah
payable in advance Subscribers will be entit
led to change tlioir books ns often as once a daw
if required, and not allowed more than <>rr*
work mu at a time. Any subscriber losing or
injurir g a volume will bn charged for the sett.
N. It. The Subscriber takes ihis opportunity
to return his sincere thanks to those who have
so liberal'v come forward and bestowed liver
names in aid of tho above undertaking.
L. S. Norton,
nnv >5 tfroi if Street.
m , -- -■
<GEORGIA Alerri wether County-
Vtf 7 lII'RFAS .lames Cushion admr. of tiro
tV estate nt John Pullin dec. applies to nw>
for letters of dismission on sail] eat a to.
Those are thorofurn to oilo anil admonish
and singular the kindred mid creditors of said
deceased, lotto end appear at my otlico willno
Hie time prescribed hv law, to shew cause it any
limy have, why said letters «lioiild not ho grant
ed. Civcn under my liand llui Dll* day id X«‘,
vcuibei ledl. t
L«ti M. VdllWV, C. C■ **»
pur l‘»