Newspaper Page Text
®ht times & Sentinel.
VOLUME IHj
THE TIMES & SENTINEL.^
fBNNENT LOMAX & ROSWELL ELLIS,
EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.
ffHB TiU-WEEKLY TIMES fc SENTINEL
• published EVERY WEDMESDA Y and FRIDA Y MURA-
I \f l and SATURDAY „
THE WEERuY TIMES fc SENTINEL
published every TUESDAY MURA’IA’Q.
Office on Randolph Street, opposite the Post Office.
TERMSS
VRI-WEEKL Y, Five Dollars per annum, in advance.
Two Dollars per annum,in advance#
inserted at Ome Dollar
, for the first insertion, and fifty cents for every sub
B ,q U>*“rirt deduction will be made for yearly advertisements.
Sales of Land and Negroes, by Administrators, Executors, or
;.urdians, are required by law to be held on the first Tuesday
in the month, between the hours of ten in the forenoon and
th, ee in the afternoon, at the Court House in thecounty in which
os, lT.lK.to. Notice. o‘ the*, Mj be *tve„
* stve, a,
‘'“'is SlHSk'n UdcJSitoi ofLlEatate must be publish-
application will be ma.leto the Court > Ordinary
for leave to sell Land or Negroes, must be published eekly lor
Citations for Letters of Administration must be published
thirty Ttys for Dismission from Administration, monthly six
ninth- -for Dismission from Guardianship forty day*.
Rules for foreclosure of Mortgage must be published monthly
for four months —for establishing lost papers, for the full space
Os three months- for compelling titles from Executors or Admin
istrators. where a bond has been given by the deceased, the full
wW always be continued according to these,the
>galre inirements, unless otherwise ordered.
BUSINESS CARDS.
TOINTTNG~ANFBOoFiINDING.
HAVING connected with our Printing Office, a full
and complete assortment of Book Binders tools and
stock. and also added to our Prii. ting materials, we are now
prepared to execute,in good style and with despatch,every
kind of work in either branch of the business, on the best
ter LV!VK WORK, of every description, with or with
out printing, made to order, in the neatest manner.
WARE If Oils M IMUNTING, Receipts, Dratts ;
Notes, Bills of Lading, &c., &c., executed neatly and
promptly, and bound in any desired style.
It ULRUAI) ANI) STEAMBOA T BLANKS,
of all kinds got up. with accuracy and dispatch
Itill Heads, Cards, Circulars, Hand Hills,
Posters, Programmes, &c., &c., printed in the shor
test notice and in the best style.
Niagara tie and Pamphlets pu* up in every style o
binding. . , , ,
Bookso all kinds rebound strongly and neatly.
LOMAX ELLIS
Columbus, April 15,1854.
DR. TANARUS, STEWART,
n HAVING returned to Columbus would reepectfnlly an
nouncethat he has resumed his practice of Medicine
and Surgery.
Golumbus, On.. Dec. 7. 1854. w&twtf^
DENTISTRY.
flag® J. FOGLE, D. D. 2.
tsr Office on Randolph near Broad Street.
Columbus, fehl—
JOHN PEABODY,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA.
in Warren’s Arcade. oct4 —twain.
J. A. FOX,
ATT 011 N K Y AT LAW,
COLUMBUS , GA.
WILL attend punctually to al criminal ami civil cases in
trusted to him in any of the courts oi the surrounding
conntiesof thisS.ate and Alabama.
Office on corner of Broad and Randolph streets, over Manley
&. Hodges.
REFERENCES—Hon. A. Iverson. J
Tennent Lomax, > Columbus, Ga.
1 >r. Stanford, 1
S unuel F. Rice, > Montgomery, Ala.
Columbus, Oct. 4. w * lwt>
R. J. MOSES,
ATTORNEY AT LAW.
WA UR EN’ S A RCA DE.
Hours from-9 A. M. to 4P.
N-R.—All business entrusted to me will be faithfully
attended to. oetll w&iwly.
ROBERT N. HOWARD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CRAWFORD, ALA.
September 8, 1855. twfrwtf.
“"ROBERT E. DIXON,
attorney at law,
COL UM B US, GEORGIA
Office over E. Barnard’s &, Co.’s Store
April s —wtwly
JAMES HAMILTON. VV M. F. PLANE
HAMILTON & PLANE,
Attorneys at Law
Columbus, Geo.
Will practice in the Courts ol the adjoining counties
io this State and Alabama. decs— w&twtt.
DENTON & PHILIPS,
ATTORNEYS AT L A W .
W/tLL Practice in the different courts of Russell county,
Alabama. ADDRES^
R. WATSON DENTON, JOHN M. PHILIPS,
Columbus, Ga. Crawford, Ala
Sept 15, 1854. v>Saw\y.
PEYTON H. COLQUITT,
ATTORNEY at law,
CO 3 UJIBUS, GA.
• jy Officejjfl St. Mary's Rank Building. wA-twtf
inaySti 1_
” 7 J. M. BUSSELL,
ATTOK \■ Y AT I> AW ,
Coluiuaus, April 9, 185a. ___________
RAGS! SAGS 1 ~
THE ROCK IS-L AND PAPER MILLS
100 lbs. Woolen Rags not wuntec. palaEE MILLS.
Office in front of w&lwtf.
Columbus, Ga., A/ay 9, 1855
PRICES REDUCED.
COTTON YARNS FOR SALE
At 80 cents per. Bunch, “Cash.”
,uly n--twtf. WINTER FACTORY.
“THE UNION OF THE STATES AND THE,. SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATES.”
RICHARD iJpPEIf;
COMMISSION KRCHANT,
CHATTANOGHA, TENN.
WILL attend promptly to the purchase of COUNTRY
PRODUCE, or any other business entrusted to his care.
May 13—twly .
LUMBER, LUMBER.
THE undersigned are prepared to furnish Oak, Hickory,
Poplar, Ash, Beach and Pine Lumber from their Mill at
market prices,delivered on Railroad or in Columbus. Per
sons wishing lumber, will leave their hills at the Auction
Room of Harrison,-Austin & McGehee, where they will be
promptly attend to.
dec 23-twtf. WHITTELSEY & BRO.
DR. T. S. TUGGLE,
OFFICE lOVER MIILLFOKD’S OS BROAD STREET,
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA.
Columbus, January 10th, 1855. twly.
ROPE.
FIVE HUNDRED COILS FANCY
KENTUCKY BALE ROPE.
Justreceivedand for sale at the Alabama Warehouse by
J. I. RIDGWAY.
Columbus, Ga., May 4—twtf
NOTICE.
OUR Store was brnk fc n into on the night of the 2d inst, and
all our notes and papers taken therefrom.
All persons who have executed any notes payable to us or
to A.S. Hays, or who may know the tact of our holding their
notes or obligations, are heieb) cautioned agaii st paying them
to any person except J. VV. Sappington or to us.
fulyA—twtf I>. P* KLI.IS & CO.
Weekly Enquirer and Corner Stone copy twice.
Drs. BROOKS & CARRIGER
fll AVING associated themselves together in tne various
branches of heir profession, they will lie enabled there
by to give more general satisfaction to all who may favor
them with t.he ; r confidence.
Dr. Carriger is fully prepared and willgi ve special attention to
all cases ol SURGERY entrusted to hiscare.
IfgP* Office in Winter’s Bank Building.
Oohimhus, Jan. 14—twt.i
EAGLE MANUFACTURING CO.
COLUMBUS, GA.
THE Factory, now being in lull operation, is able to
supply (on their usual term-) promptly as ordered, the
various styles ol their Manufacutures, which consists ol
the following variety:
YARNS, OSNABURGS,-4-4 SHEETINGS * SHIRT
ING, Cotton S’ripes, of great variety of Pattern;
COTTO N A I)KS, embracing many new stty les;
Negro Kerseys & Pine Knot Plains;
Planters’ Casimeres, Truck for Trowsers.
Sewing Thread, Shop Twine, Mattress**,
Batting ,&c.
CjSP To Cash purchasers inducements will be offieed
dec2B—twtf. J. R. BROWNE, Ag’t.
fully iylbim his friends and the citizens 01 G iunribus that he
wi li return to his duties <n or abou tlie 30 th of Sepl’r.
He would also add that he will bring with him a large and
splendid assortment of New and Fashionable MUSIC, Vocal
as well as Instrumental. aug B—twtf
WARM SPRINGS,
MERIWETHER COUNTY, GA.
jJipipT THIS delightful Watering Place is now open for the
-fciiJLa. reception of visitors.
.Tune2l—twif. J.
M intgnomery Journal copy.
WANTED,
EMPLOYMENT by a Book Keeper, fully competent,
having had 7 years experience Apply at this othce,
or by letter to Box ‘268. P. O,
Columbus, Ga., July 31, 1855—twif.
THE HOWARD FACTORY
Is now selling Domestics and Yarns,
At the Usual Rates, 10 Per Cent cfF,
FOR CASH.
Columbus. Ga February i9. wtf.
RIDDLE’S
Fashionable Daguerrean Gallery.
rpHE Propiietor has the'bngeM neatest, and most feshiona-
X biy arranged GALLERY lor the Ait in the State.
He uses thebest material, and allows nothing but first class
Pictures to leave his Pootns.
So forget not, ye levers of the Fine Arts, when ye sally forth
to obtain those imperishable-gems, to call on RIDDLE.
EG will give you a Handsome Picture and a Good Dagimrreo
,\p . As for takin ‘ children, family groups, Sterbcopes.nnt
d >or views, At he.defies any Artist in the country to surpass
him. Roo :s on Broad Street, over C. Mygatt’s Dry-Goods
S ore. Columbus, •a. murJl—tw9m.
FO R SALE.
TIN - . II >USE ANf> LOT at present occupied Ly
the subscrib- r. Possession given immediately.
jjjss| H. r. HALL.
April 20. 1655—twtf
MARINE AND FIRE INSURANCE
BANK OF SAVANNAH.
AGENCY AT COLUMBUS,
.\ T ILI. receive Deposits —andOhecks t'orsaleon New York
\\ Maconand Savannah.
April-24—twtf RICHARD PAVEN.
DANCING ACADEMY.
MR. C. 11. CLEVELAND,
YI7OULD most respectfully announce to the citizens of
Columbus, that he wiil commence the exercises ol his ,
Dancing Academy the first week in October.
All the genteel and fashionable Dances of the day will
be taught during the session.
Verms of tuition made known herealter by circulars.
Sept. 20-twtf.
Wanted
A SITUATION, by a vouug mail aged 17—a good penman
A accoaman., and willing to make himself generally use ul
Address Box 179, P. O. seplß—twtt.
TO THE MUSICAL WORLD.
■—THR undersigned would respecttul'y ia
the citizens of Columbus that he has rc
nq l I’turned from the North and wili resume his
lesson* on, Monday Oct. Ist. He would be obliged to
those who wish to avail themselves of his services, to make
an early application as the number of his pupil> will he
limited.
NEW AND FASHIONABLE MUSIC.
The undersigned offers for sale a large assortment o!
New and Fashionable Music. It has been selected hv
himself,during his recent visit to the North, and forms the
best rssortment ever brought to this market.
A arge and scount wili be made to teacheis of music, and
to i iincipals of Academies and Colleges.
Rooms over Merrv’s ‘-loihiug Store. Broad ftt.Conrn
bus Ga. sep2stwtf H ol s
OAT STRAW,
HTHE Rock Island Paper Mills want to purcha <| DO
L tonsol CLEAN INSIDE SHUCKS and 50 uns oi
OAT STRAW, for which will he paid Stb per ton
be paid, delivered in bales.
I Columbus, Ga., Ju y 31, 1855—tw&vti.
COLMdBIJLifcEORGIA FRIDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 9, 1855
TRI-WEEKLY.
. HENRY W. VRRSTILLE,
Commission & Forward’g Merchant,
Hon. John W. \ndersoh. J3avauinah, Ga.
Messrs. II deoinbe, foliLsyb & Go. “
Hon. Henry W. Hiliidrarolniitgouiery, Ala.
Maj. John H. HowardjUlßmihus, i.a.
Ur. llenrv liOckha<-t^^pF‘*
E. B. Young, Esq , Ala. junlßwtwtt
J. C. RUSE, J. ||W)AVIS, W. 11. LONG.
RUSE; DAVIS ‘ & LONG,
COMMISSION MERCHANTS
AND
SHIPPING AG MTS,
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.
WILL purchase andsell cotton .and other produce on com
mission, and strictly attendto forwardinggoods and filling or
ders Irom the country.
Ruse, Patten & Cos., agents Columbus, by whom liberal ad
vances will be madeon consignments either to or through us to
our friends in Liverpool or the North.
July 9, 1853—w&twtf
ANDREWS, RIDGWAY &7ca
DEALERS IN
STAPLE DRY GOODS,
GROCERIES, WINES, LIQUORS, &C., &C.
(Four Doors below Hill &, Dawson’s old Corner)
BROAI) STREET, COM Ml* US, LA.
Columbus, Oct 15,1853. —tw&wtf
DISSOLUTION,
THE firm of HALL& MCSI S was dissolved on the first ol
January, 1855, by the Ceaili of i. !. Moses.
HCRVEY H ALL, surviving Partner.
COPARTNERSHIP NOTICE.
THE undersigned have entered into the IIARD-tY/ .E
B USIA'ESS, under the firm so <1 name of HALL, MUSES
&. CO. HERVEY HA 1.1.,
IS AAC 1 MOSES,
J \COB P HEVWIPK’’
WIL, TAM A. BEACH.
Puhrnsrv H. IBSS. wVtutf
BAvtGING AND BALE ROPE.
1A A R fl les India Bagging.
l\Jv/ 500 Coils Ro>e.
For s-alo by GREENWOOD \ CRIMES.
Columbus, Sept 13, 1854—tw&.wtl
S BE€ l AL N OTIC I .
IN order that our customers may understand the
terms on which we Uade, we .have thought it advisable
to publish them. They are as follows: For all purchases
on time, payments will be required twice a year; say Ist
May and Ist January On all amounts unpaid at Retime*
specified, we shall claim and expect interest until paid.
E. BARNARD, <fe CO.
Columbus. Jan. Ist.’ss. janll—w&.lwtl.
BACON & FLOUR.
JUST RECEIVED.
tAA AAA POUNDS TENN ESS EE BAC ON.
40 Bhls. Howard Street Flour—a Superior Article.
Together with a well assorted S'ock of (RO( (OKIES
which willbesold at th. lowest market price Bv
ANDREW S, RIDGWAY ft. GO.
Columbus Ga.. IVlnv 29, 18b5 w\ twtf
WRAPPING INI) NEWS P.APKH,
OF ALL SIZES AND QUALITIES,
■FOR Sji LE AT
Rock Island Paper Mill Office,
IN FRONT OF PALACE M ILLS.
TERMS CASH. junelG—w&twtf
“OLD TOM” GIN. ”
rUBT received a Superior article of t ‘ r 'l,o TOM” MN in
Bottles —a delicious beverage, and a most- excellent nr cl*
formedical purp >ses Alsoa Suj er.ov arfice ol Potash inliu
Cans. junl‘2—twtf. P. A. CLAYTON.
# PERRY DAVIS’
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
VX7 F. take pleasure in referring ibe reader to the testimo-
YV ui Is of our prominent druggists arid well known citi
zens to the virtue of Davis’Pain Killer. VYe tiave Hsed the
article and found it valuable. The sale o* this article in the
United States is beyond all precedent, as the b-_oksol the-of
fice wills o-v.—Giuc uii.ni Commercial.
Davis’ i kiistable Paix Killer.— We refer our readersto
an advertisement wii h the above caption, in the advertising
columns of this morning’s Cagle. We first heard ot this med
icine during a recent visit to the New Cnglaud states, and be
ing struck with tie novelty of the tiile. we were induced to
make sou^cenquiry about it, a id w ire’ siirprised to learn that
it was kept constantly inthe bouses of most of the inhabi
tants ot the cities and villages where we stepped, to be used
in cases of 'sudden attacks of pain, burns, tca.ds, &.C., and w e
heard it spoken o* in terms “of high commendation by both j
druggists and physicians. T..is much we call witn propriety
say asjourualiM.-.’in favor of the article. —[Philadelphia Cagle.
Pesky Davis’ koktablk Pain Kil ■ hr.— Voluntari y.
con-cienciously, aiid with much pleasure, we recommend *o ,
onr readers the above named medicine. Y r e speak from our ;
own observation and experience when we say that it removes j
pain as ii to m igic troin all partsof the body, and is one oi |
i thebest medicines! n use for checking Diarrlnea, and tor re
! moving the premonitory symptom in ol cholera, It is applied
both internally and externally, with thebest effects, and none
who haveonce used the Pain Killer wool! willingly !>e with
out it constantly in tbei houses.—[Cine nnati Kve Nonpareil.
Davis’ Pain Killer —This article needs no comment from
us but the real w orth of so valuable a compound, compels us
to give publicity to it, in our Transcript. M< erry D‘ vis the
manufacturer and inventor, is a gentkinat lr * horn we euter
; tain the highest respect, ami any article he should ofb-rto the
I public we should have the confidence in. The Pain
J Killer we keep constantly on h . ml, and have done so for anu m
! berofvears, and have admini-tered itlorails of all descrip
tions both external and intemaT.and have eve.- found it to be
j tne best remedy extatit. We well rc llect its first introduction
for public patronage; it was then sold‘in a few shops in this
I city; took at it now. the world are its patrons. A few days ago
! we*p 'blished a certificate from burnish, and we have ohen
I seen them from the most remote habitable regions of the globe.
Rea‘er. if you have not a supply on hand,fwe trust you
have, as it isalmost indispensable) procureit at once.and nev
er be without it again—is will save many a physician’s bill.—
Providence Daily Transcript.
! For sale by RORT. GARTER and DANFORTH & NAGEL,
j Columbus,nafl also by Druggists and M( dicitte IValers every -
I whcTc. sepHl—wSitwii.
GOVERNOR’S MESSAGE, — Concluded.
Education.
Our political system is based upon the maxim, that the
people are capable ot se f government. ‘Phis presupposes
intelligence, to know how to govern, and virtue, to give
that intelligence proper direction Hence, the importance
ol a system ol public education to enlighten the intellects
and moralize the hearts ol the masses. Ihe impo tance
of this subject is-paramount and should bring into requisi
tion all the wisdom of the Legislature, whilst the thou
sands of podr children within the State, too indigent to
provide for themselves the blessings of education, but who
must have it as an indispensable qualification for good cit
izen-hip, should awaken an enlarged and benevolent lib
erality. The returns for 1854 show that 42.4G7 belong to
tins class, who are entitled to participate in the pittance of
$23,388 piovided for their benefit. The conside ations
which should prompt to efficient action are apparent toev-.
ery rcrt-cting mind. They are such as challenge the atten
tion ot the higlie-t statesmanship. We see them not only
in the necessity ot education to the perpetuiiy ot popular
liberty, but m tiie thousand social blessings ’'Which it cou
lers It pronioies public peace, gives security to property,
diminishes crime, lightens the expense of administering the
laws, stimulates enterprise, directs industry and capitafand
hastens the march ot civilization. The difficulty is, not
to determine what ought to be done, hut how it shall be
done. The subject becomes more and more embarrass
ing, each successive year, beeau.-e the increase of poor
children, renders the amount of money adequate to the
emergency,more difficult to be laised. Hence it the Leg
islature ever intend to come up fully and fairly to the high
mark ot enlightened duty, it would seem, that the time has
aruved, when they should initiate a system capable of gra
uual expansion and sell susteiitation. J shall venture no
specific recommendation. I prefer rather to submit the
great suhject to your wisdom, animated as it must be, bv
patriotic desire, to promote tlie happiness and prosperity of
die State. But il 1 could command the power to awaken
the proper spirit and excite the proper liberality, I would
make the appeal with an urgency which should l.e over
whelming, that the General Assembly do not rise, until it
shall have redeemed the high obligations of the present to
Jut.uie generations. (L oigia is in advance, in material
pio periiy ai.d improvement; she is in the rear, on the sub
ject 1 1 common school education. The ship, driven be
toie Ihe wind, may sail rapidly, tora time, without a helms
man, but she will be wrecked at last. Education is to
Slate progress, what th- helmsman is to the ship; the
moie rapid her career, without it, the sooner she will be
stranded.
In this connection, the State University is earnestly com
mended to your lo tering care. By rclereuce to the act of
1785,”lor tiie more lull and complete establishment of a
public seat ol learning in this Stale,” it is q dte evident,
t at our forefathers de-igned to erect a University of the
highest character. li is apparent, bom the preamble, to
die bdi and front the very liberal endowment tor which
they piovided In view ol the paramount importance
wit ch they attached to liberal education, as a means of
sustaining and perpetuating free gosernment, they felt that
it was a humiliating acknowledgement of the ignorance or
mlerioriiy ol our ov\ ii State, to send our yonih abroad to
others for its acquisition It this were true in 1785, the pol
icy which they then deplored, is still more to be depreca
ted now, when, by sending them to other States, they are
surrounded by prejudices and iutluenc s against our domes
tic institutions', calculated to give an unwholsonie direction
t<> their sent.ricMits ‘1 he original design of tiie founders
of our State University ought tliereiore to be completed
and perfected. It should he so endowed, and furnished
with all the facilities; lor the prosecution of scientific re
-earch as to enable the devotees of learning, to reach the
highest attainments. Seveial other professorships should
be created, and ample appropriations made for such com
pensation a-* will command the highest tab m t*> till them.
By the liberality cfl die late” Dr. William Terrell, an
Agricu lural chair has been establish and and $20,C00 dona
led, the interest of which is to he ap, lied to tiie support of
its Profess r in the Slate University. But this is inadequate.
To render die department efficient aid useful, the Legisla
ture should,not only increase the sum to the extent of an
anipl • endowment, but also make a suitable anpropriation
for filling it up with ample means of instruction, illustra
tion and experiment. The appeal, upon this score,will
not .be in vain. It is the fiist to vemeiit,in Geo;gia,in fa
vqr of Agricultural Education, hitherto more neglected,
although more important, than any other b unch. ‘lhe
Professor may produce annually his course of Lectures,and
delight his class with the theory of Agriculture, hut lie
niu-t have the meai sos illusirathn aid experiment to
uipold its relations to, and dependence upon, Mineralogy,
i >’eo|ogv, Botany, Chemistry, Natural History and Me
ehanics Agriculture is the mo-t impoitant, because it is
die foundation ot all other pursuit-; It supplies Commerce
and Manufactures, in ad their vaiied and multiplied de
part meets, “lth whatever imparts to Hum activity, pios
peritv and vitaiity Hence die indispensibility of its being
directed and dignified by the light of science *uud the de
votion of educe and mind.
Agriculture and Mining.
The prom.)tiuu of Agriculture and the development of
our Mineral resources should engage the earnest attention
of the Legislature. In the older region of the State, much
of the lands have been exhausted by tillage, and planters
are turning attention to the reclamation of swamps, by
and tch ng and i mbanking. The latter process, in many
aiices. is prevented by the fact, that eiiibaukineuis
throw b;a T k water over the lands of adjacent owners.—
When this is the case, the apptehensiou of an injunction
arrests the enterprise. I recommend the passage o( a- law
to authorise any person owning swa op land, on one side
of a stream or creek, to embank the same, although it
should have the effect tu ilieiease the water oVu - the
swamp of the other sale, owned by another. Snch an act
will greatly promote such enterprises and lead to the re*
clam dion of thousands of acres of the most productive
lands, which are, otherwise, v due I ess.
Asa further imaus ol encouraging Agrkulure and
the development ol tae mineral Wealth ol the fState, !* re
commend, that provision be made by the Legislature lor
the appointment, with a suitable salary, of ttiate Gtolbgisi,
Mineralogist and Agricultural Ch . mist. 11 is office should
dje Idea ei at the Capital ami his general l duty should be
to make a Geological survy of the Stnt* ,-dirt et the mode
of testing for ores, analyze so Is and |.o t,t mtt 1 the Various
k tuts o[ manures lor tln ir fert fz ,i j n. To m; Ire the
organ zttiou of such a department efficient’ and useitil. ii
would iv quire the State to b ■ dividtd into" Geological J) s
uets, ami the employment of assistants. Its details how
ever, will readi'y suggest thentst Ives to the Legislature,
and ft he poll y, once adopted in go t and earnest, time and
experience will very soon p rkci it. A similarappo.nl
ment, in other States, has been attended with the most
beneficial resul s. It is more easy to adduce than to se
lect ilius ra ious ol its advantages, in Georgia, hut little
attention has been and. voted to Agricultural education; = nd
without dtsp e'-agt iwent to our planters, it must be coii.css
ed, that their sueci ss is mainly the result of fertility ol
.-o l and unco; querable energy and indus ry. They owe
but little to tiic application ot scientific principles to the
multiplied details ol the plantation. But as the lands be
come ex lausted ty such a system of cultivation,-they will
i et use then wonted yield, until ** ieuce shall come to their
rescue, by sit iwing the means f .Imr resuscitation. The
office umh r consideration will, l a cousideta'de cxwnt,
remedy this wide spread t vil. By h;s analysis ol speci
mens of soi's furnished to him, he will explain to th** own
ers the character, components and quantity of the manures
required to fertilise them. By deliveriug public Icctu e
as often, and at as many points, as lie may be able, he will
instruct the inhabitants of whole Agricultural districts as
to the qualities of their lands, and the tertil.tiers bi st cal
culated to confer upon them the highest capacity’ lor pro
duction. This will soon awaken the proper spirit among
the people and lead, as an ultimate result, to a just ap
preciation of the importance of Agricultural education.—
The aggregate of advantage c uid be ascet Lined only, by
knowing fully the loss to the country, from the ahsi nee
ot, and the aim tint gained by, the application of science to
the operations of the plantation. And how shall weisii
male the thrift and activity which such an appointment
will impart to the Mining intenst of the State? Her
mountains and It l!s are rich in embedded minis of ore.—
. As yet, we h .Ye made but little progress in their diseov
ery. Vast sums are expended, in blind experiments to’
ascertain their location, resulting often in the hopeless ruiu*
of the zealous seeker alter hidden wealth. The large
amount saved, in the work ot testing for ores, is the least
of the advantages of the appointment under consideration.-
The actual wealth which would be developed by the scion*
titic direction of these operations, is absolutely incalculable,*
whilst it would, at thb same tune, opt n nowa/liannels for
capital and industry, aul furnish employment tor thoU.*
sands of laborers. 1 may not dwell at greater length 1
upon this interesting topic. I trust it will engage the
serious deliberations of life Legislature, and that they will 1
act as becomes statesmen.
Weights and Measures.
By an act of the last General Assembly, approved Feb.*
9th, 183 4, the Governor was directed, to cause to be pro
cured in some cheap and economical way, filly standards
of weights and measures, each to correspond in weight
and measure, with those now in the Executive office, lor
the use of the new and such old counties, as have not
been supplied under the Act of the 23d of December,
183'J. Upon proper investigation, it was ascertained,*
that it would require about $3,500 00; and as the Legis
lature made ih> provision, for the payment, the act has 1
not been carried into execution. The object is important
and you should make the requisite appropriation.
Judiciary.
A case has been brought to my notice, by the enlight**’
ened courtesy of the lion. \V. B. Flemming, Judge of
the Eastern Circuit, which suggests the propriety ol leg-’
islative remedy.
A man by the name of McCullough killed a negro, the’
property of Robert Habersham, Esq , at Fort Jackson. —
The place being under the exclusive control of the United 1
States, although within ihe coun y of Chatham, he was’
indicted before the Circuit Court of the United States, and*
u ider the charge of Judge Nicoll, was acquitted, on the’
ground, that the Court had no jurisdiction. Tie was’
subsequen’ly indicted m the-Superior Court of Chatham
aid was a* qu’ttcd upon tlie plea of lorrnt r acquittal. The’
negro was shot at Fort Jackson, but died beyond it.—
II ICC, the Circuit Court had no j urisdiction. If he had*
uc n prosecuted lu ihe first instance in Catham Superior
Court, then, the pl a to the jurisdiction, sustained by the
proof, that the act was • ommitted at Fort Jackson, which*
belongs to the United States, would have produced his
acqu ttal. lienee the Legislature should provide, that, in*
such a case, the prosecution may be had, and the offender
tried in the county, in which tne death lakes place.
Tile object of puuishunnt is to prevent crime. To bo
< ff’ ctual, it must be sufficiently severe, to operate as a U r •
mr to evildoers, and sufficiently certain, lo cut off'the’
h p-o iinp.iiity. (lit be 100 mi and, the offender wi I*l’
rather eudure t, tli.m loiego the gratificat on < 1 his vicious
p ssions and u.iiuwiul designs. If more than commensu
rate with the turpitude of the crime, it shocks the sense of
public justice, and, consequently, the transgressor escapes.*
These remarks are suggusted by the act of the last session,
approved 20. h February, 1851, imposing Penitentiary
punish merit on Firo dcauiig, and g nning ot that charac-’
u r The evil intended to be prevented is great, hut the’
law’ fails to answer ill • purpose. There has not been a’
single con vie ion under it. The < ffc nee goes entirely un
punished—even unprosecuted. Tat ounds in all our cities*
and at our fashionable watering places. It is bold; it
scarcely see ks to conceal itself from public gaze. Wby is
this? It is because the pennby is too severe. Public
opinion does not deni in 1 tint it shall be visited with
Pei.it *i tiary imprisonment. 11> nee, the law goes uncxe
cuted,and inse.id of preventing, it his increased the cviF
it desgned to suppress. 1 therefore recommend its repeal,*
or such modi fieri *u as w 11 adju t the penalty to the na
ture of ihe offence.
‘l’lie law’ orginizin ‘ the Supreme Court for the Q erec
tion of Lr tors, requires that tribunal to hold its sessions at
nine different points in the State, to wit: Columbus, Ameri-*
cits, Macon, Decatur, Mdlcdgeville, Augusta,Gainesville,
Cassville and Savannah, and to deliver opinions upon each
case, during the respective Terms. This imposes s much
travel upon the Judges, and such haste in the formation of
opinions, as not only to make their labours almost intole-;
ruble, hut deprives them of the time for deliberation and 1
pat ent research,so indispensable lor the correct determina
tion of important legal questions. ‘1 hi- is a glaring defect
and di-qualities the t ouit from being as useful to the iState
as it might and would be, it it were cured. It isdOUbiless,-
the true cause of the dissalis'aclion with the Court 1 , whielv
obtains in some sections of tile Slate, and threatens its abo
lition. This would b<-ai etrograde. movement, and the idea*
is not to tie tolerated l<>r a moment. The most enlighten
ed Courts sometimes err, even wilder circumstances mo.-ts
favorable ior the investigation of truth. Organised as is
our Supreme Court, the. woudei is that it does not err often
er.and instead ol tins furnishing a ground 1 lor dispensing
with, it ought to present enlightened inen'with’ the strong
est reason for remedyirt’g it? imperfection's I therefore
recommend, tlVat the Constitution be so altered as to con
fine is sessions to one point in the State ; nbd'aS’ thO State”
i-i co b Cling a valuable Law Library at ihe Capital, it is’
the proper point tor its perouu'.-nt? location. They should
aLo be permitted, when Judges may de-ire,-to hold uffeases :
for further deliberation and investigation This will cor
rect the pfumiuent uelects in its organization and’ render it
rtVore efficient.
Retail License.
It is painful to the patriot and Christian to \Vi triers’ the”
ra\ ag sos intemperance.. L'ke war aui pestilence, it leaves
in its pathway its millions of victim- slain, lamentation and*
Wty. l poufs desecration abd contempt upon all ibay*is.
ha .low ad iu doui sic life, and all that is sacred in tne rites of
our Indy religion. The tjood man naturally enquires for a
remedy. lie looks backs upon tiie past —cloqyeiiCtrand’
aigmnciit hbve giappied with it, soc.al ofganizattbn
ei b and its combined instrumentality, Ci-iis’.ihnity has ,yfept
and prayed oVer if —abd yet the evil corilnues Jo-iug|nght
of the potency ol moral suasion, 10.-mg laiili in the uititnaie
tViumph ol truth a‘id vij'tiie, ad impatient for summary re
lict, lie feels that legislation must come to the rescue, by
prohibiting lhe sale ol iuioxieatiiig liq ors. This leads us
lo search lor the delicate line which defines tHe legitimate
sphere ol the civil povVer. The Legisjaiure is the guardian
ot the general’ vveltare. It ik its duty to secure public
peace aid’ tranquility,- and to protect persons, character
and property. But why? Ned because religion enjoins,*
but because the interest of the body social demands
it. Hence, social and civil neces-ity only should both
prompt and limit legislative action; the p r omotk)ii of
the morality which religion inculcates must be an inciden
tal leriilt', not tire primary < bject. Thisi- the t;ue criterion
to guide the law making power. To transcend it is fanati
cism ,-becau-e H is the recognition of a principle, which
vVould justify the civil authority iu taking charge of the
consciences ol me i and enforcing moral reforms by law,
which can only he legrimatefy done by appeals to r j a or*.-
Hence, the danger and impolicy of attempting to aid the
tcmpeiance cause by legislative prohibition ol the traffic in
ai*deut spirits It i- not only w r ng as a principle ofltgis
lation,-but the pifbl c sentiment being adverse to it, ihe law
would not be enforced, iutempe ance would be undiminish
ed, ir and tiie social evils aggravated, w’hich if would design*
fO-suppress.
li does nor follow, however, that there are not abuses
connected with our retail license law, which are within ihe
legitimate reach of the Legislative arm. Whoever will’
examine she criminal dockets of our Courts, will see abun
dant proof, that the system needs the restraint of a more*
rigid nd wholesome police It is the fruitful source of
crime against life, person, property and the public peace $
and ihmelore if is tiie duty of the L gislalure to apply a
remedy. 1 have given this subject much reflection, am
satisfied hat, il the existing laws could be stfernly t nforced,*
most of the evils connected with our license system would
cease. Why are they not enforced ? Is it becau-e public
sentiment is opposed to them ? Is it because good citizen?
do not approve them l Is it because the penalties are too
severe 1 By no means. But it is because their Violation is
covered in secrecy and that they escape dis
covery and detection The grand defect, iherefoie, is :p
----parpnt. It lies in the fai l, that the existing law requires
the Clerk of the Inferior Court of each County, to grant, a?
a matter of course, a license to every man who complies
with its piecedent condirions. Hence, in too many instan|-
ces, bad and unprincipled men obtain permission to retail,
who defy the restraints ol law, if they ean conceal its vky
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