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THE FIELD AND FIRESIDE. Vol. I. lif /ifld ami ,#m'si<W. IM HI.ISHKI) BY OFFICE i-N l ilt; Oil) I'KINTiMi OKI It K Building, fonder Kjn iiigs Street, Mari *l to (**oi‘‘* i.i. I* A V 11 > IK WIN . w. A. I*. Xl'c’l. A 1 riIKV, I. il. IK WIN. Irwin, ATTOIiNKVS AT LAW. Will pl ai tiee ill t lie Blue Bi-l"V.®hme, aml ’oWKtii i iivuii M:ii’i'ttn, March I,‘i, |s*/7. ly WM. I. WINN . Wil.l 1. \\ IN N. W. T. & W. ,1. W INN, Ail or it t‘ t s a i Lit m . M Alii I'd I A . 11 K iliti IA . Mareli 1.1, 1577. It ,i. E. AIOSELY, A<lol*ll‘Y ill liilli. 't VT 11,1, it lend to all Inline eon tided \\ to liiut in < 'old. and adjacent enmi ties. Oi lti t -in Met laleltey’- liiiild- i tie', up stair-. M iiielta, Marelt Hi, tS77. Atm E. M. ALLEN, Wpiili**!, Of more than twenty years, t il \ lit; I’.S Kli A SON ABI, K . limi t:—Xurlli side of Puldie Si|it:tre. Marietta, Mareli lil, 1577. ly DR. G. TENNENT, icing l*li>siriati. Olliee oil Cassville sheet. —liesi- deuee on ('lierokee street. .Marietta, Mareli Id, 1577. ly DR. E. .1. SETZE, l*lvsi'iau anti Surgeon, ridENDKKS Iris protessional serviees A ill (lie praetiee of Medieiue in till its liraiielu s to the citizens of Marietta and sui'l'mind ing con ill ry. t Hliee at the 1 iriie'Store of lint. Boot. inch lit—ly R. W. GABLE, MWiiifct. m\mm AND REPAIRER. POWDER SPRI \(i STREET, MARIETTA, GEORGIA, Work ,loiii“ at very low |>rici‘s, ami wtir i anted. March 1 , 1877. Haley Brolhers, ( II KROK EE STHEET, Dealers in tiKOt’EIMES, PKO\ ISIONS, A Xll <EX ERA I, MERCHANDIZE. Marietta, (In., Mareli 1.1,1877. ly M. It. Lyon, CIIEKokK E ST II E ET, i' A VII Id EBJtM Util s. And dealer in ( Or.VTItV PRODI < E. Marietta, Mareli 13, 1877. ly M. I &RIST, cIIEIiOKEE S'I'IIEET, Sadis asd Harness Maker AND REPAIRER. Marietta, Gen., Mareli 13, 1.877. ly CONTRACTOR A X D ici limit. rin IE undersigned eontinne hi lm i -1 lies- nt Brick Making, Stone and Brick Building, and i prepared at any time to take contract-- on the inn: 1 re a - terms, and fnexeente them in the most satistaetorv manner. 11. I!. WALLIS. Marietta. Man li 13, 1577. I\ House Building and Repairing. SASII. BLINDS, IHIDIIS I’l X ISM ED TO till DEI*. Lumber (if nil kinds, ami :it 11 it* lowest prices, lor sale. riAhankl'nl for the lilieral pafrnnage hitherto, the snhseritier would state that he is fully i>re|iared to eoutraet for the ereetioii of Buildings, and toexe eute ihe ennl raets in the must safisfaeto rv manner. StlOl', smith side Puldir Square. March, 1.877. I,EMI EL BLACK. h. S. NORTHCUTT, DEAL EH IN I’autt ami staple DRY GOODS, HATS, Hlf OKS AND NOTIONS, &<•. ) ovny'x Ohf C"/'/ie/’. Atarietta. Mareli 13. 1877, ly At)finiUural. [for the i iid.n and i’ii:t>iin, | fin mi re ami ( lieiiiiyiil I Vr- Tl 1.1 ZEUS. Ordinarily', chemical lor lil i zers are more eonvenient tor use, as they are more easily spread, and more conveniently transport etl to the land upon which they tire to lie spread. Manure,either stable or barnyard, when com pared to fertilizers, is not worth quite an eighteenth, by weight, what fertilizers are for ordinary use. In 35,555 pounds of ma nure, which is the quantity ne cessary to enrich an acre, there is IT 1 lhs. ol azote, titi lbs. ot phosphoric acid, 133115. of potash, 383 jits, of lime, making til'd lhs. of chemical manure; that is, the 35,555 lhs. of manure make about one fourth of a ton of fertilizing material, or one fortieth ot the whole mass. One ton of fertili zer, or 3053 lhs. is equal to the above 35,555 lbs. oi manure.- Here is the proof. Acid phos phate of lime 533 lhs.. Nitrate of of potash 38<i lhs.. Sulphate of amonia TD7 lhs., Sulphate of lime (Flastea) 73tlhs., making, 3053 lhs., w hich will make an acre rich, and is much easier to spread than the 35,555 lhs* of manure; then it contains the full weight of soluble plant food w hile the above 35,555 lhs. of manure only contains ahoul li3ti lhs. ofavaila hie plant food. Then there are other ad vantages to he consider ed. The azote of the above 35, 555 lhs. of manure is not immedi ately assimilated. Hut the azote of the above chemical fertilizer is readily assimilated. The ma nure from the stable and barn yard, though il does contain some line qualities, yet it is in the form of animal evacuations and partly putrefied litter, which can only increase the growth of vegetation after it has undergone decomposition, to change its form—changing the azote into ammonia or nitrates. And in this process ol metamorphosis there results a loss of thirty or forty per cent, of the primitive azote contained in the manure, which goes off in the air in the form of elementary'azot e ; not so with the azote of the chemical fertilizer above formulated, for it is immediately' and en tirely assimilable, hence, its action is the more certain and immediate. It is a fact now well established by actual experience, that a mixture of phosphate of lime, potash and lime, with azotic matter, furnish food for all plants, and answers for the manure that is commonly made in the barnyard and stable, hence, w hat deficiency' there is to supply the demand front the stable and barnyard, may he met by the addition of chemical ler tilizers, (not purchased in the torin they are now sold, contain ing a large per cent of dirt or muck) purchased in their pure state, and manipulated on the farm, with equal weight of fine soil, then spread in quantity to suit the soil, and the crop to he grown. Now, while chemical fertilizers make the best crop the first year, y<-1, manure made by stock, with proper care on the part of the farmer, will how on land for several succes: ive years, where it is houiitifiillv used. I have seen this result where a lot and stithies had been removed.- The increased fertility of the earth (where a lot and stables have been removed after they had stood for many year ) i ap parent for ten or fifteen years.— With the ordinary plowing, with one horse, the full value of ler tilizers or manures can not he realized. It requires a soil en riclted for 15 to 30 inches, to bring grain to perfection. Look at the soil of the Mississippi val ley, and the ptaitie lauds all over the United States, which arc rich to it great depth, and they yield abundant crops for ages in succession. And when the farm er wants to improve his land, and at the same time make good crops on it, he should put on it, not only a siitlicient supply for the crop each year, hut a surplus of coarse manure to he de<*om posedand euler into the compo it ion of a future crop: thu the MARIETTA. GEORGIA. AUGUST 7, 1877. land is gradually improved each successive year. Bui where no manure is used, more than it re quires to make a crop, then the soil must grow poorer and poorei every'year, for there are cert a the principles in the soil that are given out all the time to aid the manure or fertilizer, w hich are finally exhausted, and the land rendered useless. This should never be. No lantier should ev er let his land run down h> a state of sterility. I have just returned front some ol the wheat producing regions of northern Georgia, and saw two large farms, side by side, in wheat, one ol the said farms was seeded down in clover, and turned tinder at the proper season, and sowed in wheat. The land lints managed is adjudge to yield from thirty five to forty bushels of wheat to acre. The other farm was sowed in w heat wit bout the clover, and it may yield iifteen or twenty 1 bushels to the acre in the best spots, hut probably will not av erage twelve bushels per acre. Now, this was the result of prep- j aration in the lirst case, and the neglect in the other. Farmers j all wish to make their farms pay fertile labor bestowed upon them. And snelt facts ought to stimu i late them to begin to sow clover in this county' and turn it under, j and sow in wheal. Glover will j grow here, and increase the crop as much in proportion as it does I elsewhere. Ido not pretend to i believe that clover turned under j here, would bring the crop of I wheat up to forty bushels (lit*! lirst year, but I do believe that it would cause land here to bring j lifteen or twenty bushels, that I will now bring eight to ten bush els without any'fertilizing. And | if the land is lints sowed down in i clover every alternate year, il will get richer and richer until ! there is a deep soil formed, which j is w hat is needed lor all crops. Tints we would mil,have to sacri lice our farms and leave our old homes for the insalubrious re gions of the West. 1 ,1. M. GOSS, M. I). A. M. Arc He :i Ihniir-I !V|ilr ? WE All ST CREATE NEW WANTS, FI Nil AIORE AV EX E ES FOR Tl! AOK AND EAt I'LOY Ol K I. A BORERS. The current number of tin* North American Jicricw eon tains an article upon the subject of national prosperity, from (lie pen of David A. W ells, and w hich, in times like, the present, can hardly fail to be read with deep interest -the more deep, because in tlie very formation of its title the author speaks a word ot hope and encouragement. Mr. Wells does not dismally ask, “Will, or shall the nation again prosper? ' but “How shall the nation regain prosperity ?" and allhough this pertinent question is not strictly answered, it is shown that il can be answered. He begin* bv el ting right the people ol the I oi ted States, who, he says, ad “more inclined to deceive them selves ’ in t his matter, than other in their ideas respecting: the tun damenlal principles, ol political economy—the relation and wealth, or material abundance, to labor. Say the writer: “All wealth, meaning thereby property oj mu terial abundance, i the re nil of labor;" and again, “Ihe i- liml re still ; ol labor cannot be varied by \ ary iug I lie* uni!: or i .-nida i-1 employed to men un* ore tiin.ile them." T his in way ol proposi tion ; the deduction: follow: “If labor is the source ol all wealth, it labor under Ihe .aim* circumstance will produce equal results, then that country which possesse: the greatest natural re sources, which command the most energetic and intelligent labor, which avail il elf to the largest extent ol labor aving machinery'and proce ses, which has the best, and cheapo t faeili ties for inter communication, and the freest and nmst enlightened government., ought to produce to greater advantage than any or all other countries, ought to pro duce the most for the expendi tyre of a given amount of labor, ought to be able to sell cheapo I. ought, finally', to take tin* lirst place in the race for industrial and commercial -upreiiiacy a mong the nation , That tin* l in ted State till the e requirement is next almndcntly show it. “Fussing now from promise t" conclusion, front hypothesis to reality, the actual condition of (.the country will be found to be Gi* follow : every section tilled :to overflowing with its peculiar usejiil products the South with I cotton, the staple textile lilne of | Ihe world's clothing; the West w ith meat and grain, the North West with lumber and with leath er, the Middle Stales with coal j and iron, New \ ork ami New England with textile and other j maiinfaeltires and every where i labor ready to augment these products, or elaborate them in to higher tortus ot fabrication. I tiller such circumstances all the i world ought to come to the Uni led Stales to buy . or, what is the | same thing, exchange. But in" I curiously, all Ihe world does nut come here to buv, but, for a great variety of products which we specially want to sell and the world specially wants In consume, turns away and buy elsew here ; and, as a conse i lienee, the cry is every where throughout the land, that in the midst of our abundance there is I no demand lot our abundance, j and because there is no demand i the labor and machinery employ od in production cease !o liml cm ploymenl for furl her production. Hence wages cease to be earned and paid, and I he label er si arves." In a word, the writer next shows that taking the world as a whole, there can be no such thing as over production of arli ! eles necessary or desirable, and j that the lack ofdciuaud can on ly be explained on tin* theory of inability to obtain, unless il is admitted that tin* millennium period has conn* and that every man is supplied with all he can possibly waul. To lind out where in this inability exists is, there fore, the important task. To this task Mr. Wells lends the bal anee of his pages : “An important factor in this problem ol inability to purchase and consequent lack of demand, j and one which has not hitherto received the at tent ion its import j anee entitles it to, grows out of, j or rather in itself is, this very in crease in the power of production to which allusion lias jusl been made, and w liich, alt hough ailed iug in a greater or less degree the industrial condition of all count l ies, has of late probably manifested itself more remarka bly in the United States than elsewhere.' Sinking ill list ru tions of this lalemcnl are given. Among others “the remarkable analysis ol the conditions of pro ducing cotton cloth in IN3S and I -S7G, as recently presented to Ihe New England Gotten Mann faclurers' Association by Mr. \\ iiliam A Burk,of Lowell, Mass., and founded upon the records of the operations of one of the Boot! j Mill in I hut place in Ihe respect | ii e yeui mentioned. The im j port ai it (ad brought out in this anah'si i that ninety operatives | (men and women) engaged in j the msnulad ure ot cotton in one J ol tln be-1 mi 11 m\l :i adiil ells, produced regularly in Ls7b, with; I b hours' lc s labor per week, 1 more doth men-u red in pound:,! and "I nearly the aim.* quality (No I:;.t;I yarn being pun in j I '••38 and No. 13‘Gin I ii>) than j 331 opei at ive;- working in the . aine mill did in I 8-3 1 . Again:! In Ihe manufacture ol bool and -hoc three men working! with machinery can d<> at pr<* (*nl what, prior to 18(50, required j tln* labor ol i\ men to elled ;j while tin* individual ot per cap l la rnii: limp) ion ol bool and li"(- in llu* Unitetl State ha probably been more uniform dti ring the .mi" period Ilian i Ihe ( a i- with alniL I any other com modify.' Many singular case.* are con-! ideivd in proof of the foivcoina tatcmenl, “bill." ay I In* writer, “there i a novelty in il pre-ent ■ method of man i f**.- lat ion in tin*; United States, and it is to this manifestation that, attention is | now penally solicited.' In brid. then, lie argues thu : Ihe War perforce limulaled Liven lion in Ihe North, by draw in-* li urn the lank -of Iho e en gaged in agriculture, mechanic; ail . Ac., more than a million men ; but the industrial product: in the Northern States did not in general decrease; “on the eon Iran, and mainly through the in x c*iit im and use of labor saving machinery, they largely iucreas ed." After ihe war, with indtis trial products reduced to a mini mum in (lie North, and llu* South with a population of 13,00(1.000 destitute, and yet possessed <>f large purchasing power through the enormous advance in Ihe price el ru w cot ton, the lii 11 pro duetive power of the country continued in full demand ;' next came the unsound stimulus of an exec i\ • * issue of irredeemable currency, and a high tariff, un der tin* joint inllucnee of which, coupled wit h ideas of extrava gance induced by war, “works tor the product Ton and dislribii I ion of products, far in excess ( ,| I lie legiliuiac wants "I the cmiiil ry were mistaken. ' The results has been only the operation of a nut lira Ila w, and- I lie day "I in dust rial disl urbanee has at la- I come. The question before the countrv to-day is, *- \\ hat clispo sit ion is il proposed to make of the labors of the country which labor saving; machinery and new met hoik', ol loisi iie have now , for Ihe lirst I ime, and under e\isl ins condilions, made munile Ily surplus?" Flit ling aside lor the present a eousiderat ion of I In* oil imal e benelils to be derived from any “ increased ]iowi‘r of production for a given amoiinl of liiiman labor," which in the long run commend themselves to all men, Ihe question al present to be coil sidered is the adjust men): ol lalmi and harm that are happening in the adjustments of labor and capital to the new condition. Here, tnfore, ow ing to various circiim stances, there has been no (-omitry in wliich a man, t hrough iodi usl ry and economy, could so rajiidly and easily rait’.e himself from tin* position of a laborer, dependent on ol hers for employ men I, Io I lie position of a capitalist, himself controlling employment, as in Ihe I niled Slates. But the coiuli tion for effecting such desirable social and economic changes are every year becoming less and less favorable. Labor saving machi nery, by the use of which alone can production be carried on to (hobos! advantage, is expensive and in general is not al the ready disposal of those whose only capi Ia Ii I heir hand and I hoir bra im . ** Formerly, al o, an enlerpris ing man wi! lioiil capilal could, a the result, of a few years . ervire as a laborer al the w I, acquire siillicienl mean to enable linn lo enter iijioii a tract of govern men I land and pul il, in all or in pari, under immediate cull i vat ion. The result of the lirst year’s crops of ten made him an independent capitalist. Bui Ihe opportunity for aehoiving udi results is rap idly drawing lo a dose. T he qu.ni I ity of fort ile puldie land uiiahle for la mi in v purpo - , wliidi can n<iw be old ailied by pro cm pi ion or al nominal prices i coin pa fa lil ell' lilliile-l. it not l) ill V e.X liausted. Mr. Well <ii( Ma pr I 'olid I for the lal eineul ■ I hat t here is not 1-11 un "hi in I In- whob I nil (-(I iSlale "I land which a poor man could turn i id o a I arm enougli to inal.e one average cmiuty’ ill W i con in. Ihe <• * r< pi ion to tli i Ia I eiii-nl, il any. may per hap hi lon ml in Tex a "i I lie in 1 dian territory. In n* ped to the arid region of tin* plain . Major Foivell i mad" lo ay In lln wind" reixion, land, a mere land, iolno va I in* : what i re ally va I liable is ihe w al< r pri vilcg". Bidi men and lock courpaui*' have ajipropriab.'d all the I ream , and I hey charge for tin* use of the wa ter. Government section o! Bid acre that do not contain water, are prad ieally wort hie In view of all tlii Mr. Well urges and reiterate Ihe iniporl anee of an wring' the qm t ion “ What it is proposed In do now with the labor of the count ry that improved nK lhod: and machinery of produd ion have made in ( ,(■<■ of any pre enl demand? I.iiln r new waul.* have got lobe found, or created, for the -nppivin "t which a large held for tin* employ menl of labor will be aflorded than now (Exists, or else Ihe emi gration ol labor Irom Ihe eountry and the formation of a perfect pauper che-s among us w ill begin. And contingent upon the success |"I those, to whom il is given to mould and administer Ihe policy j of the country in creating these m*w and enlarged wants or de mands for our products, and, as a consequence, new and enlarged , employments for our labor, is the* lime when ('oinmeree will revive, manulacluriiig bo extended, rail roads ami other corporate enter piisc he come profitable, Ihe eon umpl ion of coal increase, real es lab- appn*ciale, and b* , o>r he in demand; in hurl. w htißß^wholej M A . I 1 jja mB * j 18 11" mi " r "*il be" .i,, I - -1 -■ i - :ii m iii" wd I" 11 n if nalivity ; labor of A G11 ID ; i I, in-- li.r opporl unil jfl|H ei'k W 111-11 - \ll while r ii - i and i iche tSoil e , how number] 1,1 nluirily be j tween I 1' of about 50 I per cent.” i I i M “ I low lo eroute tliese nejl wauls, how In liiiil new I~i 1 1. i■l ■•. in eti large 11 1 use a I ret* <-'<! lm". .uni I io\\ iln i, ■l l v o:, I,l,’\■ ■Io 11 new e 1111 >I oy ii,, I” • I,| 11, I' I lie I^EE^S ■ |• \ I In 1 a I tin l lm, '■ statesman, the legislator iiieivliaill. If half 1 he lime spent in preaching sermons ami singing hymns, alll l in meiaphysical dis eilssioil as lo whether lilt' Tope is I In-“man of sin’ anil ‘whether modern mil lire tends to infidelity’ were spent in empiiiing why il is I lial in I his count rv, wit Ii all Ihe elements of abundance, we have enforced idleness, increasing pov i ei'l v and conseipienl I y increasing crime, (here would more souls he made happy in 1 his world and more a veil lot I lie next In conclusion, Mr. Wells says: Hnf in respect to these new Winds, new avenues for trade and con ei|tteni new employments, can they lie created, il nifty he asked, if all whose business il is . •In>t ih I give I lie mailer earnest at f lention t 1 We answer, nnhesita I in" ly, I lial in respect t,, Ihe I' ni led Slides and to the present em ergency, ii is not only possible, hill comparatively easy to effect, itch re nil < 'oni-Sngur. U c -im 1 lioiv much beet sugar 1 1 n done for Europe, not only in Ili ■ way of si imulat ing hosts of oilier iml ii i lies, Hut in aiding ma iiy as ndated branch" of agri cull lire, and we mil urally I Link how much W e liolllil be belieliled by I lie ini rodllcillg I III* beel ill I i ure here. It may be that the heel i bet ler for ugar cull ure I hau in i lli in: else, bill il will do no 1 1 ,ii oi lo remember I hat corn < "iiiain a ll immense amount of ilgar and il i j 11 I po ible that il might do all foi u I hat I lie beet, would and |iu ilily a lill le more, iii aid I lial a much a t liirl v pound ol ran ugar can he (le rived from a Ini: In 10l Corn. But tlii will (iiilv main* lie* corn In? woilli ii doll .i a Ini hoi or I here * ibqul'ky I Lil in many part ol I lie- We ,1 llu would In* a paying price Old I hen 'll. might he I lial ugar would In* * hea|jened by the very abundance l hat mi.dil be raised in Ihi way, and that would tiring til*' l able ot I lie corn l'(fV -ugar mil in" till lower, lint .yet -there item of profit lx* -- - I l-■- ■■! 1 U- ■ i pulp H in "i- "I pmlil. liflHHjß < - j :i-- --1 i I ■.•■ ii! ; - lliiii I .* which tend to eon ii fry. hav# not turned llieirutfl tentioii to Ihi . The We t luodi* tie water and less wood. i lil 1 ln-i haiice Ibr ma, man ii fad uring ce n! 1 lll.id-' I lie K.I I 4fc lit ‘ - tl ' - c H p, No. 6.