Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

THE FIELD AND FIRESIDE. Vol. I. J hf /iril auMwsMf. PI BUSHED BY J. O. CAMPBEIi&CO. OFFICE IN THE OU) PRINTING OFFICE Building, Powder Springs Street. Mari etta Georgia. ■ -Lia a, . ■wluj'u i.iuj.u- DAVin ntwt\. W. A. t*. WYI.AICHI V. T. M. IKWIX. Irwin, McClatchey & Irwin, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Will piaetiet* in the Blue Hidge. Home, anil i 'uftetu < 'ireiiits. i:i, 1877. ly W.M. e. WESN. 11.1.. I. WINN. W. T. & VV. J. WINN, A I tui* ur > * a t Law, MARIETTA, GEORGIA. March 13,1877. Iv .). E. MOSELY, Alluruty al Law. WII.I. attend toall husines eon tided to him in Cobh and adjacent coiin tie.s. OttuK —in Met latehey’s Build ing, up stairs. Marietta. Mareh Id, 1877. 6m E. M. ALLEN, ReoiilfMl Veiilivi, Of more than twenty years. I'll A KG ES REASON A 81. E. Oikkk— North side of Publie Stptare. Marietta, Mareh 13, 1877. ly DR. G. TENNENT, Practicing Physician. Office on Cassville street. —Resi- denee on Cherokee street. Marietta, Mareh 13,1877. ly DR. K. J. SEIZE, PltyKiciaii and MurgriMi, rpENDEKS liis |irot'essi<iiiiil services 1 in tlie practice of Medicine in ail its lirancltes to tlie citizens of Marietta and surrounding country. Office at the Drug Store of Win. Root. inch 13—ly R. W. GABLE, BOUT IMI If- SHOKXJtIKI AND REPAIRER. POWDER SI'RI XU STREET. m ism, UOKMI Work done at very low prices, mill war ranted. March 1, 1H77. Haley Brothers, < IIEKOKKE STREET, Dealers in UROCKKIKK, PROVISIONS, .on GEX E R AI, MER(HA XI >IZ E. Marietta, Ga., March ill, 1877. ly M. K. Lyon, CHEROKEE STREET, FANIIiV And dealer in COUNTRY PRODUCE. Marietta, March 13, 1877. ly ML T. liRINT, CHEROKEE STREET, fyMi! jai Biniss AMI KkPUHEK Marietta, Dta*., Match 13, 1877. 1)' CONTRACTOR AND BIJIIiOKR. rpliE undersigned continues hishusi -1 ness of Brick Making, Stone and Brick Building, and is prepared at any time to take contracts on tiic most reas onable terms, and to execute them in tlie most satisfactory milliner, || B >V \I.I.|S. l 3 ' Iff?- 1 y .7 House Building and Bepairiug. SASH. BLINDS, DOORS FINISHED TO ORDER. Lumber of’ all kinds, and at tlie BHt-r-n 1h v’jtlr.- rlAlianklol fill- the lfl'ciui patronage I hitherto, Die sijhsorlbei' w ould -talc tnar he isfully prepared to contract for tjlc'erecfion of Buildings, and to cxe i'lVte the contracts in the most satisfacto ry manner. SHOP, south side Public Square. March, 1877. LEMUEL BLACK. L. S. NORTH!’I TT, DFAf-KH IV *!**•? DRY GOODS, SHOES AND NOTIONS, Ac. Youuy'x Ohi Corner. Marietta, Marchl3, 1877. ly Agricultural. Nrrdiuf Whrai. Thirty five years ago, wrote an lowa farmer to the American In stitute Farmers’ Club, one hnshel of good seed wheat was consid ered ample for an acre. He de sired to he informed what had oc casioned the change. A member of the club replied that this addi tional requirement of seed is ac counted for by many on the theo ry that threshing by machinery cracks or breaks a considerable portion of tbe grains, and thus prevents their germination and growth. The former quantity of one bushel of seed per acre would no doubthe sutticient, if it would all grow, hut as much of it. for the reason specified, does not ger minate-, a bushel and u half is not too little to seed the ground. This member knew a number of far liters who threadi their seed wheat by tramping it with horses in tlie old style to prevent injury to the grains. I'lirui Topic's. it is a well established Yact that the essential fertilizers ol till tlie crops are ammonia, phosphoric acid and potash; that nothing else is inquired for anything grown on a farm; and the question is. How can farmers apply these things to most advantage ( A ton of cattle and horse as it averages on farms, contains only 11 pounds of potash, 8 pounds of phosphoric acid, and 12 pounds of nitrogen (ammonia) according to an analy sis made in England for Mr. Lawes the distinguished agriculturist of that country; and he claims that these 'll pounds are the only fer tilizers in a ton of manure. Mr. Lawes has been before the world as the most noted scientific farm er for niatiy years, and he is quo ted as the best authority. He says that when enough stable ma nure is applied to land to produce a good crop of grain of any kind, as wheat, barley, rye and oats, the potash in the manure is great ly in excess of the requirements of the grain, and consequently is wasted, as these grains require principally phosphoric acid and nitrogen as fertilizers. He sums up his forty years of experience as follows: 1. That a mineral superphos phate of lime has given a consid erable increase in each crop of a rotation, although used without any other manure, for a period of thirty years. 2. That in consequence of grain containing large quantities of ni trogen and phosphoric acid, and small quantities of potash, man ures containing soluble phospho ric acid and soluble nitrogen, as ammonia or nitric acid, are espc dally applicable to these crops. 3. That when crops containing potash, such as purchased dungs, appear to be more suitable. 4. That although potash, phos phoric acid and nitrogen, are the chief manure ingredients in farm ygrd dung, the manure from art; 'tidal foods nnd iit artificial man ures, still tlie differences in form iu which these substances are met with greatly affect their value; the present method of analyzing manures does not properly recog nize these distinctions, and the valuations founded it]>oii these analyses, are altogether false and erroneous. WlmmM. Jduil) .{farther, JJiddletown. \. Y.j dosired to learn through the World newspaper, if Fulty and Fultz wheat are one and the same. He also suggested that farmers near New York having the Fultz wheat for sale for seed should ad vertise the fact, Two of his neigh hoj's who faispd (dayyspn \vheat tjje pits! qljtained respec tively eighty-four bushels from five bushels sown, and sixty three bushels from three and a hall bushels sown. Plain Farmer eon eluded by inquiring into the mer its of nitrate of soda and nitrate of potash as fertilisers for wheat- A member of the American In stitutc Farmers’ Club replied that Fpltz is the correct name for the wheat in question. “Fulty" being merely the result of a typograph ical error. He hail known good results from the fertilizers ug gested. Asa rule, ashes, salt, potash, lime, plaster, guano, bone MARIETTA, GEORGIA. OCTOBER 2, 1877. diisl and superphosphates may all be profitably applied as fertilizers of the wheat crop, but after all, in his opinion, the great fertilizer must be clover. A second member said that lime and salt are the two things to think about on oh! farms, He prepared land for wheat accord ing to advice given by Solon Ro binson, and always had a fair crop. Dissolve five bushels of salt in water to a point of saturation, and with that water slake fifteen bushels of shell lime, under cover. Leave the mass until it effervesces and then apply to an acre of land thoroughly pulverized. This mem her believed that salt is as indis pensihle for wheat as for animals. It is also a preventive of rust , and stiffens the straw by making it more vigorous. For this purpose apply five to eight bushels to the acre, sown broadcast after the wheat has been harrowed in.— Top-dressing with manure well decomposed or rich compost pays on the old farms. A farmer present referred to the wheat experiments recently reported upon by the superinten dent of the Eastern lVnnsvlva nia experimental farm in Chester county, where rock superphos phate produced the best results of tbe three fertilizers employed. These comprised Stockbrhlge for mula bone superphosphate and rock superphospliate. In the test of varieties the Fultz stood first, Clawson second, and Jennings third. The Fultz yielded at the rate of about forty bushels per acre. E. Burrough, Merchant ville, Camden county, N.J., was mentioned as having advertised Fultz wheat for sale, and James Miller, Penn Van, N. Y., as hav ing advertised Clawson wheat for sale. Another member said that any of the fertilizers already advised, especially salt, lime, potash and bone dust, will so strengthen the straw that it will not lodge. When to sow winter wheat was very naturally the next question, and elicited the following in re ply: Much depends on the lati tilde, and whether the season is a very dry one. Between the 10th and 15th of September is consul ered the golden time for getting in wheat in Ohio and other States of the same character in soil, cli mate and other agricultural con ditions, though peculiarities ot the season may vary this from August to October—sow early when pos sible. and if tlie ground is very dry deep. The general rule is to sow iu time to give the wheat a chance to grow and spread out into a mat of leaves, covering all the surface, before the ground freezes. It is a great point gain ed when the wheat plant gets a good, strong root in the fall of the year, as it then sends up much shoots, and the heads are more liable to ripen early. Winter Oats. To the Editor of the World; Sir ~:Throi|gh your agricultural columns some notice was given to the public on the subject of “winter oats," a crop that has now been cultivated here as a distinct winter crop for thirty years or more. It is by no means a hardy variety of Northern oats, but a distinct variety, and it has been perfected more and more, and has become more hardy every year, When the seed is sown in soring, as it sometimes is done, the seed is spoiled for winter sowing, and the Canada spring oat will no more stand the winter here than it will in the state of New York. The past winter here was one of very great severity, so much so that large fruit trees wore destroy ed. also soiqe of the vines in our vineyards, The thermometer ran below zero, on several occasions, and it was generally expected the winter crops would he frozen out. The winter oats stood the winter well, and where sown in season, we have good crops. This crop must be put in early, the sooner the better, and none should be sown later than September ni lat itude north of Washington city. The seed that was ordered last year as a general thing was too late, it must be sown in lime to grow a good-stout root and top. — As it is generally used for fall pasture for calves and small stock it matters not how. early it is sown. This crop is never easily affected with rust, and from its longer season to grow,it conies to a iniicli higher degree of perfec tion. and is much superior to the spring crop for food, for either t he turf, house or working animal.— The usual weight is not less than forty pounds to the bushel, the husk being very thin, and the grain within being very large and jdump. For purposes of oat meal it has very good qualities on this account, ’faking it all in all, the winter oat has much to recom mend it as a farm crop wherever it can lie grown in winter. Creenville.Tenu. E. Hk.nry. How to make •Butler. 1 )r. A. S. Heath, New York, said in a paper on this subject, that butter is a compound fatty mat ter in minute globules, enclosed in sacks of curd, mixed with a lit tie water, and in this state is call ed cream. In order to separate the butter from the cream, these sacks must In* broken, and their contents commingled to form the required article. Churning is not simply a mechanical smashing of these little sacks, as many robust ••burners seem to think, judging from their furious manner of per forming that labor. Some churn at a temperature of 40 degrees in a cellar, and of course get no butter. It is just as useless to churn in the other extreme of tern perature, for at 100 degrees no a mount id' labor will bring the hut ter. The first thing to he learned, said the Doctor, are the necessary conditions in way o. exposure to air. temperature, Ac. 1 lie Alder ney or grade Alderney cow was given as the breed most desirable for butter-making, because her milk is rich in butter, the oil glo bules are large and churn quick ly. The butter is also of finer Ha - vor and quality, commanding from live to ten cents more per pound. All the utensils should lie kept scrupulously clean, the inij k room well ventilated, and at a temperature of 50 degrees Fah renheit. Strain the milk into broad, shallow pans, that the cream may rise quickly and per fectly. Skim off the cream just before the milk has turned, place it in a clean sweet churn, remove it to a temperature of t>o degrees Fahrenheit, and when the cream has come up to that temperature, begin the process of churning, which should he done steadily, neither too slow nor too fast, hut with a movement that can he kept up comfortably to the (‘burner.— Do this in a well ventilated place and the butter will be soon fortfi coining. ICccLle** Ih'NtrurtittH f KOKKST. The London Spectator of June Di, savs: “The evidence that the great Hoods which have from time to time during the last half centu ry been so destructive in Switzer land, mid in many districts of France and Italy, have been main ly caused by the felling of the for ests on the high grounds, appears to be overwhelming. In the De part ment of the Loire, especially, it was uni’ ersally remarked that the wooded grounds suffered no change, while in tlie denuded dis trict-- the whole soil of cleared and cultivated lieldswas swept away and the rocks laid bare, The same was seen iq the Upper Rhine itt lsiis. The clearings in the pro vince of the Ardeclie have pro duced the most melancholy re suits within the last tDirty years, one-third of its area having be come barren; and new torrents had, iu 1842, destroyed 70,000 acres of bind, an evil which has been going on ever since that time, The denudation of the crest.s of the Vosges has done in tiuitehurm iu Alsace. Manypla ccs in Province, rich and inhabited halt a century ago, have become deserts. Thousands of torrents have been formed within the last dozen years on the southern Hank of the Riedmoutese Alps and iu Hauphiny, and grassy slopes have been converted into stony chasms by the i-iiiliug of I he woods above. In the Department of the Lower Alps, between 1842 and 1852, 4*1,0041 acres went out of cultivu tiou from this cause. In Italy, the demand for Italian iron du ring the wars of Napoleon 1., the trade with Kugland being cut off. necessitated vast cuttings of wood for fuel, and the effects are felt to this day, especially in the l*o. In fact there is scarcely a coun try on the continent of Europe in which the reckless destruction of lorest has not been admitted, both in popular belief and by the verdict of science, to have been the cause nt misery, of the amount of which the majority even of well-informed persons in England have little conception.’’ Power* of a Bird’s Song. h rom Tundsdall’s Glaciers of the Alps, we take the following: ••When we hear the song of the soaring lark, we may lie sure that the entire atmosphere he tween us and the bird is ti with pulses or undulations, or waves as they are often called, produced by the little songster’s organ of voice. This organ is a vibrating instrument, resembling in principle the reed of a clario net. Let us suppose that we hear the song of the lark, eleva ted to the height of 500 feet in tbe air. Before this is possible the bird must have agitated a sphere of air one thousand feet in diameter—that is to say, it must have communicated to sev ven thousand eight hundred and eighty seven tons of air a motion sufficiently intense to he uppreci ated by our organs of hearing.’’ Kindness to Animals. Hon. Win. A. Porter gave nl t era nee to the following humane sentiments in an address before the Philadelphia "Society, for j the Prevention of Cruelty to Ani | mals : There is a connection, and a very close connection, between cruelty and crime; audit is just as close between kindness and virtue. Ido not know how you can better train a child to he gentle and kind, to be humane i and forgiving, to respect the | rights ol others, and I Inis to make i him a true gentleman, than to ! inspire him with an affection for : the dumb creatures a lion t Imu. (Teach him that his dog is to be I caressed and fondled, not M olded |or whipped. When you put him ! oil horseback—where every bov j ought to go—if you want to give him courage, quickness and self possession—teach him that the : horse aad man were intended to befriends, and that the whip and the spur are not to be used ex cept in an emergency. Let him never mount or dismount with out passing his hand gently over the face of the animal ; and by the way, ladies, the softer the hand which does that the better; the horse will repay such tender ness with something very much like human affection. I have known a vicious horse reclaimed by it,as a vicious man may be, by the arms of an affectionate child thrown about bis neck. Mr. Ed mund Burke once went into the field to see the horse of a de ceased relative. The animal came up and placed Ins head on the statesman’s shoulder, and the man. whose hitter denunciations of Hastings, anil the French Rev elution, had startled the world, threw Ids arnis around the neck of the horse and wept like an in fant. A {Sensible Mother. It is really pitiful tosee a good, conscientious little mother shitt ing hersell away from so much that is best and sweetest in her children’s lives, lor the sake of tucking their dresses and milling (heir petticoats. How surprised and grieved she will he to find that her boys and girls at sixteen regard “mother" chiefly as a most excellent person to keep shirts in order and to make new dresses, and not us one to whom they care to go tor social companionship !- Yet, Ireforethey are snubbed out of it by repeated rebuffs, such as “ Kuu away. I’m too busy to li. ten to vour nonsense," children naturally goto their mothers with all their sorrows and pleasures; and if “mother" can only enter into all their little plan*, how pleased they are! Such a shout ot delight as 1 heard last ~um mer from Mrs. Friendly's croquet ground, where her two little girls were playing, •• O goody, goody! mamma is coming to play with Us !’* She wa> a busy mother 100. and 1 know would have much pre ferred to use what few moments of recreation hy - natch for something more interesting j playing croquet with littlew dren not much taller tluuH mallets. She has often sai(9 •• I cannot let my children 1 away from me. 1 must keep] along with them all the time whether it is croquet with tJ tie ones, or Latin gramtnj base ball with the boys,o>|h| dictation and sash the girls, 1 must he ‘in it’ in as 1 cat'i. ’ — Sfrihnet'it Moga A Curious (alniluthnl A Locust can be heard il distance of one-sixteentlifl mile, while ils'weight is,.'Ml bout one eight i- JO\, ( ord’ v,.y vi/,.,1 u 14-i \I m- ** 1 \, -a v- - .fiVjM* l i that a< <i gat t^j9ffllS§| *<■ 11 ' I-, and that <|§f||| a locust lie tceiith of a mile. diliu iiliull-.^M^&^^fi wind and limb. to make himself lame of one I hoiisai J9H9| died miles aml 4J I 111 1 "house mi" 1^9 ** one grain, which is more actual weight, and to junS and a hall yards, a man. of one hundred iyE pounds, with jumping iJEHI proportion, could jm^9'3! thousand eight about l lie distance to < OI hill. ( hina. Mflflilß The t\ omlci tul Bolne day in mi oilier, my att<-nlion vHSffigj reeled to a small spider ing from the underside of a tHfgl in a corner of Ihe room, w lici'Bm| had stationed itself A large horse Hv, many too large for the spider was very small) to manage, by some means become ami lay on I lie floor. The deseemled to Ihe fly. -ome caution, began to it in its web, and soon had it pletely bound. 'The spider t\iuA ascended to tbe table, and descended again ; and thus tinned to ascend and -nine time, fastening tlie completely each time it I'd nS|H I was at a loss to know its oMBBI in binding Ibe fly so to tlie lloor. Soon, ceased descending, and ap]M‘il||| to be busily employed at its irofl tiou near the table. I could nor conceive what its object was in passing about so very actively; but imagine my surprise, when, in a short time, I saw the fly leave tin* floor, and begin to ascend toward the table. This was soon explained. 'The spider had attached a number of cords to the fly, extending from the ta ble, and by stretching each to its greatest tension, and confining the upper end, the elasticity of all the cords (some fifty or more) was combined in raising the fl v. By continuing the process of tightening one cord at a time, in some fifteen or twenty minutes the flv was raised to the table, and there deposited for future use. Ink SukkI* Follow Him.—| was once travelling from Diuuu A kora. high up on t lie range <>ti Lebanon. It wib a liot 'Ulunier'J •lav, ami at noon I stopped to res J by a fountain.Tlu* waste water ufl the fountain ran into a sipiarej stone hirkeli or pool; and arouiula the pool were several shepherd*J resting will their (locks of *heefl and goats, fhe shepherds came talked with me, and sat sniokingfl lor nearly an hour, oih- in-in w.r>. l iilliiiL- In :.. 11 i 111 1111 il' .- I w xjptfi ■I" •: ' w I• ""I ~".ils I*n their head', and -• I I ' ml i' ■ 1 ’ l . - i in ii uuot h^^u^^H9p^SHHj ' ,:, r"'d up iti auoih^niij-ejHHI *■ all in n mil in a shrill t" ■ followed hiiflß - knew iheir sheper*l"s \S$ in H lei i-i-i u “'t 1 •" 1 ' I" 111-I p ■■■• 1 ■ l I" |j i J No!