Georgia Historic Newspapers

    THE FIELD AND FIRESIDE.
Vol. I.
J hf /iril auMwsMf.
PI BUSHED BY
J. O. CAMPBEIi&CO.
OFFICE
IN THE OU) PRINTING OFFICE
Building, Powder Springs Street. Mari
etta Georgia.
■ -Lia a, . ■wluj'u i.iuj.u-
DAVin ntwt\.
W. A. t*. WYI.AICHI V. T. M. IKWIX.
Irwin, McClatchey & Irwin,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
Will piaetiet* in the Blue Hidge. Home,
anil i 'uftetu < 'ireiiits.
i:i, 1877. ly
W.M. e. WESN. 11.1.. I. WINN.
W. T. & VV. J. WINN,
A I tui* ur > * a t Law,
MARIETTA, GEORGIA.
March 13,1877. Iv
.). E. MOSELY,
Alluruty al Law.
WII.I. attend toall husines eon tided
to him in Cobh and adjacent coiin
tie.s. OttuK —in Met latehey’s Build
ing, up stairs.
Marietta. Mareh Id, 1877. 6m
E. M. ALLEN,
ReoiilfMl Veiilivi,
Of more than twenty years.
I'll A KG ES REASON A 81. E.
Oikkk— North side of Publie Stptare.
Marietta, Mareh 13, 1877. ly
DR. G. TENNENT,
Practicing Physician.
Office on Cassville street. —Resi-
denee on Cherokee street.
Marietta, Mareh 13,1877. ly
DR. K. J. SEIZE,
PltyKiciaii and MurgriMi,
rpENDEKS liis |irot'essi<iiiiil services
1 in tlie practice of Medicine in ail
its lirancltes to tlie citizens of Marietta
and surrounding country. Office at the
Drug Store of Win. Root. inch 13—ly
R. W. GABLE,
BOUT IMI If- SHOKXJtIKI
AND REPAIRER.
POWDER SI'RI XU STREET.
m ism, UOKMI
Work done at very low prices, mill war
ranted. March 1, 1H77.
Haley Brothers,
< IIEKOKKE STREET,
Dealers in
UROCKKIKK, PROVISIONS,
.on
GEX E R AI, MER(HA XI >IZ E.
Marietta, Ga., March ill, 1877. ly
M. K. Lyon,
CHEROKEE STREET,
FANIIiV
And dealer in
COUNTRY PRODUCE.
Marietta, March 13, 1877. ly
ML T. liRINT,
CHEROKEE STREET,
fyMi! jai Biniss
AMI KkPUHEK
Marietta, Dta*., Match 13, 1877. 1)'
CONTRACTOR
AND
BIJIIiOKR.
rpliE undersigned continues hishusi
-1 ness of Brick Making, Stone and
Brick Building, and is prepared at any
time to take contracts on tiic most reas
onable terms, and to execute them in tlie
most satisfactory milliner,
|| B >V \I.I.|S.
l 3 ' Iff?- 1 y
.7
House Building and
Bepairiug.
SASH. BLINDS, DOORS FINISHED
TO ORDER.
Lumber of’ all kinds, and at tlie
BHt-r-n 1h v’jtlr.-
rlAlianklol fill- the lfl'ciui patronage
I hitherto, Die sijhsorlbei' w ould -talc
tnar he isfully prepared to contract for
tjlc'erecfion of Buildings, and to cxe
i'lVte the contracts in the most satisfacto
ry manner. SHOP, south side Public
Square.
March, 1877. LEMUEL BLACK.
L. S. NORTH!’I TT,
DFAf-KH IV
*!**•?
DRY GOODS,
SHOES AND NOTIONS, Ac.
Youuy'x Ohi Corner.
Marietta, Marchl3, 1877. ly
Agricultural.
Nrrdiuf Whrai.
Thirty five years ago, wrote an
lowa farmer to the American In
stitute Farmers’ Club, one hnshel
of good seed wheat was consid
ered ample for an acre. He de
sired to he informed what had oc
casioned the change. A member
of the club replied that this addi
tional requirement of seed is ac
counted for by many on the theo
ry that threshing by machinery
cracks or breaks a considerable
portion of tbe grains, and thus
prevents their germination and
growth. The former quantity of
one bushel of seed per acre would
no doubthe sutticient, if it would
all grow, hut as much of it. for
the reason specified, does not ger
minate-, a bushel and u half is not
too little to seed the ground. This
member knew a number of far
liters who threadi their seed wheat
by tramping it with horses in tlie
old style to prevent injury to the
grains.
I'lirui Topic's.
it is a well established Yact that
the essential fertilizers ol till tlie
crops are ammonia, phosphoric
acid and potash; that nothing else
is inquired for anything grown on
a farm; and the question is. How
can farmers apply these things to
most advantage ( A ton of cattle
and horse as it averages
on farms, contains only 11 pounds
of potash, 8 pounds of phosphoric
acid, and 12 pounds of nitrogen
(ammonia) according to an analy
sis made in England for Mr. Lawes
the distinguished agriculturist of
that country; and he claims that
these 'll pounds are the only fer
tilizers in a ton of manure. Mr.
Lawes has been before the world
as the most noted scientific farm
er for niatiy years, and he is quo
ted as the best authority. He
says that when enough stable ma
nure is applied to land to produce
a good crop of grain of any kind,
as wheat, barley, rye and oats,
the potash in the manure is great
ly in excess of the requirements
of the grain, and consequently is
wasted, as these grains require
principally phosphoric acid and
nitrogen as fertilizers. He sums
up his forty years of experience
as follows:
1. That a mineral superphos
phate of lime has given a consid
erable increase in each crop of a
rotation, although used without
any other manure, for a period of
thirty years.
2. That in consequence of grain
containing large quantities of ni
trogen and phosphoric acid, and
small quantities of potash, man
ures containing soluble phospho
ric acid and soluble nitrogen, as
ammonia or nitric acid, are espc
dally applicable to these crops.
3. That when crops containing
potash, such as purchased dungs,
appear to be more suitable.
4. That although potash, phos
phoric acid and nitrogen, are the
chief manure ingredients in farm
ygrd dung, the manure from art;
'tidal foods nnd iit artificial man
ures, still tlie differences in form
iu which these substances are met
with greatly affect their value;
the present method of analyzing
manures does not properly recog
nize these distinctions, and the
valuations founded it]>oii these
analyses, are altogether false and
erroneous.
WlmmM.
Jduil) .{farther, JJiddletown. \.
Y.j dosired to learn through the
World newspaper, if Fulty and
Fultz wheat are one and the same.
He also suggested that farmers
near New York having the Fultz
wheat for sale for seed should ad
vertise the fact, Two of his neigh
hoj's who faispd (dayyspn \vheat
tjje pits! qljtained respec
tively eighty-four bushels from
five bushels sown, and sixty three
bushels from three and a hall
bushels sown. Plain Farmer eon
eluded by inquiring into the mer
its of nitrate of soda and nitrate
of potash as fertilisers for wheat-
A member of the American In
stitutc Farmers’ Club replied that
Fpltz is the correct name for the
wheat in question. “Fulty" being
merely the result of a typograph
ical error. He hail known good
results from the fertilizers ug
gested. Asa rule, ashes, salt,
potash, lime, plaster, guano, bone
MARIETTA, GEORGIA. OCTOBER 2, 1877.
diisl and superphosphates may all
be profitably applied as fertilizers
of the wheat crop, but after all,
in his opinion, the great fertilizer
must be clover.
A second member said that lime
and salt are the two things to
think about on oh! farms, He
prepared land for wheat accord
ing to advice given by Solon Ro
binson, and always had a fair crop.
Dissolve five bushels of salt in
water to a point of saturation,
and with that water slake fifteen
bushels of shell lime, under cover.
Leave the mass until it effervesces
and then apply to an acre of land
thoroughly pulverized. This mem
her believed that salt is as indis
pensihle for wheat as for animals.
It is also a preventive of rust , and
stiffens the straw by making it
more vigorous. For this purpose
apply five to eight bushels to the
acre, sown broadcast after the
wheat has been harrowed in.—
Top-dressing with manure well
decomposed or rich compost pays
on the old farms.
A farmer present referred to
the wheat experiments recently
reported upon by the superinten
dent of the Eastern lVnnsvlva
nia experimental farm in Chester
county, where rock superphos
phate produced the best results
of tbe three fertilizers employed.
These comprised Stockbrhlge for
mula bone superphosphate and
rock superphospliate. In the test
of varieties the Fultz stood first,
Clawson second, and Jennings
third. The Fultz yielded at the
rate of about forty bushels per
acre. E. Burrough, Merchant
ville, Camden county, N.J., was
mentioned as having advertised
Fultz wheat for sale, and James
Miller, Penn Van, N. Y., as hav
ing advertised Clawson wheat for
sale.
Another member said that any
of the fertilizers already advised,
especially salt, lime, potash and
bone dust, will so strengthen the
straw that it will not lodge.
When to sow winter wheat was
very naturally the next question,
and elicited the following in re
ply: Much depends on the lati
tilde, and whether the season is a
very dry one. Between the 10th
and 15th of September is consul
ered the golden time for getting
in wheat in Ohio and other States
of the same character in soil, cli
mate and other agricultural con
ditions, though peculiarities ot the
season may vary this from August
to October—sow early when pos
sible. and if tlie ground is very
dry deep. The general rule
is to sow iu time to give the wheat
a chance to grow and spread out
into a mat of leaves, covering all
the surface, before the ground
freezes. It is a great point gain
ed when the wheat plant gets a
good, strong root in the fall of the
year, as it then sends up much
shoots, and the heads are more
liable to ripen early.
Winter Oats.
To the Editor of the World;
Sir ~:Throi|gh your agricultural
columns some notice was given
to the public on the subject of
“winter oats," a crop that has now
been cultivated here as a distinct
winter crop for thirty years or
more. It is by no means a hardy
variety of Northern oats, but a
distinct variety, and it has been
perfected more and more, and has
become more hardy every year,
When the seed is sown in soring,
as it sometimes is done, the seed
is spoiled for winter sowing, and
the Canada spring oat will no
more stand the winter here than
it will in the state of New York.
The past winter here was one of
very great severity, so much so
that large fruit trees wore destroy
ed. also soiqe of the vines in our
vineyards, The thermometer ran
below zero, on several occasions,
and it was generally expected the
winter crops would he frozen out.
The winter oats stood the winter
well, and where sown in season,
we have good crops. This crop
must be put in early, the sooner
the better, and none should be
sown later than September ni lat
itude north of Washington city.
The seed that was ordered last
year as a general thing was too
late, it must be sown in lime to
grow a good-stout root and top. —
As it is generally used for fall
pasture for calves and small stock
it matters not how. early it is
sown. This crop is never easily
affected with rust, and from its
longer season to grow,it conies to
a iniicli higher degree of perfec
tion. and is much superior to the
spring crop for food, for either t he
turf, house or working animal.—
The usual weight is not less than
forty pounds to the bushel, the
husk being very thin, and the
grain within being very large and
jdump. For purposes of oat meal
it has very good qualities on this
account, ’faking it all in all, the
winter oat has much to recom
mend it as a farm crop wherever
it can lie grown in winter.
Creenville.Tenu. E. Hk.nry.
How to make •Butler.
1 )r. A. S. Heath, New York, said
in a paper on this subject, that
butter is a compound fatty mat
ter in minute globules, enclosed
in sacks of curd, mixed with a lit
tie water, and in this state is call
ed cream. In order to separate
the butter from the cream, these
sacks must In* broken, and their
contents commingled to form the
required article. Churning is not
simply a mechanical smashing of
these little sacks, as many robust
••burners seem to think, judging
from their furious manner of per
forming that labor. Some churn
at a temperature of 40 degrees
in a cellar, and of course get no
butter. It is just as useless to
churn in the other extreme of tern
perature, for at 100 degrees no a
mount id' labor will bring the hut
ter. The first thing to he learned,
said the Doctor, are the necessary
conditions in way o. exposure to
air. temperature, Ac. 1 lie Alder
ney or grade Alderney cow was
given as the breed most desirable
for butter-making, because her
milk is rich in butter, the oil glo
bules are large and churn quick
ly. The butter is also of finer Ha -
vor and quality, commanding
from live to ten cents more per
pound. All the utensils should
lie kept scrupulously clean, the
inij k room well ventilated, and at
a temperature of 50 degrees Fah
renheit. Strain the milk into
broad, shallow pans, that the
cream may rise quickly and per
fectly. Skim off the cream just
before the milk has turned, place
it in a clean sweet churn, remove
it to a temperature of t>o degrees
Fahrenheit, and when the cream
has come up to that temperature,
begin the process of churning,
which should he done steadily,
neither too slow nor too fast, hut
with a movement that can he kept
up comfortably to the (‘burner.—
Do this in a well ventilated place
and the butter will be soon fortfi
coining.
ICccLle** Ih'NtrurtittH f
KOKKST.
The London Spectator of June
Di, savs: “The evidence that the
great Hoods which have from time
to time during the last half centu
ry been so destructive in Switzer
land, mid in many districts of
France and Italy, have been main
ly caused by the felling of the for
ests on the high grounds, appears
to be overwhelming. In the De
part ment of the Loire, especially,
it was uni’ ersally remarked that
the wooded grounds suffered no
change, while in tlie denuded dis
trict-- the whole soil of cleared and
cultivated lieldswas swept away
and the rocks laid bare, The
same was seen iq the Upper Rhine
itt lsiis. The clearings in the pro
vince of the Ardeclie have pro
duced the most melancholy re
suits within the last tDirty years,
one-third of its area having be
come barren; and new torrents
had, iu 1842, destroyed 70,000
acres of bind, an evil which has
been going on ever since that
time, The denudation of the
crest.s of the Vosges has done in
tiuitehurm iu Alsace. Manypla
ccs in Province, rich and inhabited
halt a century ago, have become
deserts. Thousands of torrents
have been formed within the last
dozen years on the southern Hank
of the Riedmoutese Alps and iu
Hauphiny, and grassy slopes have
been converted into stony chasms
by the i-iiiliug of I he woods above.
In the Department of the Lower
Alps, between 1842 and 1852,
4*1,0041 acres went out of cultivu
tiou from this cause. In Italy,
the demand for Italian iron du
ring the wars of Napoleon 1., the
trade with Kugland being cut off.
necessitated vast cuttings of wood
for fuel, and the effects are felt
to this day, especially in the l*o.
In fact there is scarcely a coun
try on the continent of Europe in
which the reckless destruction of
lorest has not been admitted,
both in popular belief and by the
verdict of science, to have been
the cause nt misery, of the amount
of which the majority even of
well-informed persons in England
have little conception.’’
Power* of a Bird’s Song.
h rom Tundsdall’s Glaciers of
the Alps, we take the following:
••When we hear the song of
the soaring lark, we may lie sure
that the entire atmosphere he
tween us and the bird is ti
with pulses or undulations, or
waves as they are often called,
produced by the little songster’s
organ of voice. This organ is a
vibrating instrument, resembling
in principle the reed of a clario
net. Let us suppose that we
hear the song of the lark, eleva
ted to the height of 500 feet in
tbe air. Before this is possible
the bird must have agitated a
sphere of air one thousand feet
in diameter—that is to say, it
must have communicated to sev
ven thousand eight hundred and
eighty seven tons of air a motion
sufficiently intense to he uppreci
ated by our organs of hearing.’’
Kindness to Animals.
Hon. Win. A. Porter gave nl
t era nee to the following humane
sentiments in an address before
the Philadelphia "Society, for
j the Prevention of Cruelty to Ani
| mals :
There is a connection, and a
very close connection, between
cruelty and crime; audit is just
as close between kindness and
virtue. Ido not know how you
can better train a child to he
gentle and kind, to be humane
i and forgiving, to respect the
| rights ol others, and I Inis to make
i him a true gentleman, than to
! inspire him with an affection for
: the dumb creatures a lion t Imu.
(Teach him that his dog is to be
I caressed and fondled, not M olded
|or whipped. When you put him
! oil horseback—where every bov
j ought to go—if you want to give
him courage, quickness and self
possession—teach him that the
: horse aad man were intended to
befriends, and that the whip and
the spur are not to be used ex
cept in an emergency. Let him
never mount or dismount with
out passing his hand gently over
the face of the animal ; and by
the way, ladies, the softer the
hand which does that the better;
the horse will repay such tender
ness with something very much
like human affection. I have
known a vicious horse reclaimed
by it,as a vicious man may be, by
the arms of an affectionate child
thrown about bis neck. Mr. Ed
mund Burke once went into the
field to see the horse of a de
ceased relative. The animal
came up and placed Ins head on
the statesman’s shoulder, and the
man. whose hitter denunciations
of Hastings, anil the French Rev
elution, had startled the world,
threw Ids arnis around the neck
of the horse and wept like an in
fant.
A {Sensible Mother.
It is really pitiful tosee a good,
conscientious little mother shitt
ing hersell away from so much
that is best and sweetest in her
children’s lives, lor the sake of
tucking their dresses and milling
(heir petticoats. How surprised
and grieved she will he to find
that her boys and girls at sixteen
regard “mother" chiefly as a most
excellent person to keep shirts in
order and to make new dresses,
and not us one to whom they care
to go tor social companionship !-
Yet, Ireforethey are snubbed out
of it by repeated rebuffs, such as
“ Kuu away. I’m too busy to li.
ten to vour nonsense," children
naturally goto their mothers with
all their sorrows and pleasures;
and if “mother" can only enter
into all their little plan*, how
pleased they are! Such a shout
ot delight as 1 heard last ~um
mer from Mrs. Friendly's croquet
ground, where her two little girls
were playing, •• O goody, goody!
mamma is coming to play with
Us !’* She wa> a busy mother 100.
and 1 know would have much pre
ferred to use what few moments
of recreation hy - natch for
something more interesting j
playing croquet with littlew
dren not much taller tluuH
mallets. She has often sai(9
•• I cannot let my children 1
away from me. 1 must keep]
along with them all the time
whether it is croquet with tJ
tie ones, or Latin gramtnj
base ball with the boys,o>|h|
dictation and sash
the girls, 1 must he ‘in it’ in
as 1 cat'i. ’ — Sfrihnet'it Moga
A Curious (alniluthnl
A Locust can be heard il
distance of one-sixteentlifl
mile, while ils'weight is,.'Ml
bout one eight
i- JO\, (
ord’ v,.y vi/,.,1
u 14-i \I m- ** 1
\, -a v- - .fiVjM* l
i that a< <i gat t^j9ffllS§|
*<■ 11 ' I-, and that <|§f|||
a locust lie
tceiith of a mile.
diliu iiliull-.^M^&^^fi
wind and limb.
to make himself
lame of one I hoiisai J9H9|
died miles aml 4J
I 111 1 "house mi" 1^9 **
one grain, which is more
actual weight, and to junS
and a hall yards, a
man. of one hundred iyE
pounds, with jumping iJEHI
proportion, could jm^9'3!
thousand eight
about l lie distance
to < OI hill. ( hina. Mflflilß
The t\ omlci tul
Bolne day
in mi oilier, my att<-nlion vHSffigj
reeled to a small spider
ing from the underside of a tHfgl
in a corner of Ihe room, w lici'Bm|
had stationed itself
A large horse Hv, many
too large for the spider
was very small) to manage,
by some means become
ami lay on I lie floor. The
deseemled to Ihe fly.
-ome caution, began to
it in its web, and soon had it
pletely bound. 'The spider t\iuA
ascended to tbe table, and
descended again ; and thus
tinned to ascend and
-nine time, fastening tlie
completely each time it I'd nS|H
I was at a loss to know its oMBBI
in binding Ibe fly so
to tlie lloor. Soon,
ceased descending, and ap]M‘il|||
to be busily employed at its irofl
tiou near the table. I could nor
conceive what its object was in
passing about so very actively;
but imagine my surprise, when, in
a short time, I saw the fly leave
tin* floor, and begin to ascend
toward the table. This was
soon explained. 'The spider
had attached a number of cords
to the fly, extending from the ta
ble, and by stretching each to its
greatest tension, and confining
the upper end, the elasticity of
all the cords (some fifty or more)
was combined in raising the fl v.
By continuing the process of
tightening one cord at a time, in
some fifteen or twenty minutes
the flv was raised to the table,
and there deposited for future
use.
Ink SukkI* Follow Him.—| was
once travelling from Diuuu
A kora. high up on t lie range <>ti
Lebanon. It wib a liot 'Ulunier'J
•lav, ami at noon I stopped to res J
by a fountain.Tlu* waste water ufl
the fountain ran into a sipiarej
stone hirkeli or pool; and arouiula
the pool were several shepherd*J
resting will their (locks of *heefl
and goats, fhe shepherds came
talked with me, and sat sniokingfl
lor nearly an hour,
oih- in-in
w.r>. l iilliiiL- In :..
11 i 111 1111 il' .- I w xjptfi
■I" •: ' w
I• ""I ~".ils I*n
their head', and
-• I I
' ml
i'
■ 1 ’ l . -
i in ii uuot h^^u^^H9p^SHHj
' ,:, r"'d up iti auoih^niij-ejHHI
*■ all in n mil in a shrill
t" ■ followed hiiflß -
knew iheir sheper*l"s \S$
in H lei i-i-i u “'t
1 •" 1 ' I" 111-I p
■■■• 1 ■ l I" |j i J
No!