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THE FIELD AND Fill \IALL Vol. I. (The/ield and /irrsidf. PI’BLIHHEr* BY J. C 3-. CAMPBELL sSc CO. At On** Hollar a Year. OFFICE IX THE OLD PRINTING OFKK'E Building, Powder Spring Street, Mari etta Georgia, D AV1I) IRWIN . W. A. P. M' I.ATCHKV. T. li. IRWIN. Irwin, McClatchey & Irwin, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. in the Bine Rhlge. Rome, . and Coweta Circuits. Marietta, Maivjf):!. 1577. ly WM. T. WINN. W 11.1.. ,1. WINN. W. T. & W. J. WINN, AIIo• it vy * a I La w , MARIETTA, GEORGI A. Mareli 111, 1877. ly W. IC. POWER, Attorney at Law, MARIETTA, (IA. WILT, practice in the Courts of Cobb and adjacent counties. Collect ing a specialty. Otlice with Judge A. X. Simpson, northwest corner of Public Square. lv J. E. MOSELY, Attorney al liiin. '*xtlT.T, attend toall intsines icon tided W to him in Cobb and ad jacent coun ties. Office —in MeClatebey’s Build ing, np stairs. Marietta, Mareli Rl, 1577. Cm E. M. ALLEN, llcalisl. Of more than twenty years. CHA RG E s REA SO N A It T. E . Office —North side of Public Square. .Marietta, March IS, 1N77. ly Dll. G. TENNENT. PraHiciiiit Physician. Otlice on Cassville street. —Resi- dence on Cherokee street. Marietta, Mareli 13,1877. ly DR. E. J. SEIZE, Pliyit*inn and Xnrgron, rjTENDERS bis professional services 1 in the praetiee of Medicine in all its hranclies to the citizens of Marietta and surrounding country. Office at the Drug Store of Win. Root. inch 13—1 y R. W. GABLE, BOOT AMI t- SHOE MAKER AND REPAIRER. POWDER SPRING STREET, MARIETTA, GEORGIA, Work done at very low prices, and war ranted. March 1, 1877. Haley Brothers, ( 'HEROKEF. STREET. Dealers in OKOCKItIES, PROVISIONS, AND GENERAT. M EJH It AXD tZK. Marietta, Qa., March Id, 1877. ly M. H. Lyon, ( H BROKE E ST It E ET, limn <;i:o<i:kii>. And dealer in COUNTRY PRODUCE. Marietta, Marelt 13,1877. lv H. T. <4 KI Si r, CHEROKEE STREET, Me and Em Maker AND REPAIRER. Marietta, Geo., Marelt Id, 1877. ly House Building and liepairing. SASH, BUNDS, DOORS FINISHED TO ORDER. Lumber of all kiruls, and at 1 lie lowest prices, for sale. Thankful for the liberal patronage hitherto, the stthseriher would state that he is fully prepared to eon tract for the erection of Buildings, and to exe cute tin*contracts in the most satisfacto ry manner. SHOP, south side Pitldh Square. Match. 1577. LEMUEL BLACK. CONTRACTOR AND in ii.ihii:. THE undersigned continue- hishnsi ness of Brick Making, Stone and Brick Building, and is prepared at any tithe to take contracts on the nio-f reas onable terms, and to execute them in file most satisfactory manner. H. B. WALLIS. Marietta, March Id, 1877. ly Agricultural. On the Fses of Lime. The ash of roil clover is seven per cent, of hay ; this ash contains thirty-five per cent, of lime; in two thousand pounds of clover hay there would he the large pro portion of fifty pounds of lime: the ash of white clover contains thirty-two per cent, of lime ; lime not only contributes to the growth of grass and the cereals as a fer tilizing agent, but by neutralizing acids in tlie soil, and effecting the decomposition of vegetable mat ter, it has also a chemical effect; another office of lime is the liber at ion of nitrogen from organic substances, thus preparing it for | plant food ; by its action on iron | pyrites, sulphuric acid is produc ; cd, which unites with it. forming ! gypsum. It also facilitates the decomposition of granite andfel i spathic rocks, which are prolific ! sources of potash and soda. With decaying vegetable substances it I decomposes salt, forming carbon ate of soda and chloride of cal cium, and in this latter form is ready for plant food ; its chemical activity in the soil by the libera tion of gases, etc. necessarily pro duces aeration, and consequent modification of heavy clay soils ; it also has a tendency to make loose, sandy soils more compact, jßy its physical effects in these | cases bringing about conditions necessary for the best results in production. All this is in favor of lime ; hut we find in a reliable report, of experiments that in the absence of lime a certain product | weighed 340 grains; the result of [ the application of lime was per ceptible in the addition of only ! thirty grains to this amount,mak- I ing 370 grains as the result of put | ting superphosphate of lime, pot | ash, ammonia and lime into burnt j sand. If in soil which contains I no lime, and is capable of produc | ing 340 grains, we add humus— j mould—the yield will remain the I same, 340 grains ; if lime is now I added to the soil, the product is increased to 493 grains, and the result of these experiments is stri kingly corroborative of I lie ver dict which plants give of the ne | cessity of lime as furnished by i the figures previously given ; | hence the liberal application of | lime, in addition to decaying veg | etable matter, potash, superphos i pliate of lime and ammonia, will : in connection with them produce | large crops; hut alone, as a fer j tilizing agent, in the production j of grain crops, it possesses small relative value. Pile on your lime, Imt to make it pay, you must also pile on your clover and grass seed, and com mercial fertilizers, unless your soil is already abundantly sup plied with organic matter and la tent mineral substances, and that brown barren you expect to put j wheat on does not appear filled with over-much fatness. The Opium Poppy in the Soulh. Dr. F. F. I'orcher, in his Resour ces of Southern Fields and For ests, says: I have gathered in a few days more than an ounce of glim opi um from specimens of the red poppy found growing in a garden near Statesburg, South Carolina. All that we require could be gath ered by the ladies and children of the Southern States if the slight est attention was paid to the cul tivation of the plants in onr gat dens. The gum, which hardens after incising the capsules, is rea dy for use; and may be used with alcohol or whisky in making la it danuin or paragoric. Several hun dred thousands of dollars* worth of opium are imported into the United States annually, and yet the opium plant grows luxuriant ly in all of our gardens, and no science is required to make the gum. Of the castor oil bean (palma christa) the same authority says : Boil the seed, and tin* oil that swims on the surface may be used as a cathartic. This plant grows well in till the .Southern States, and should be made such a source of profit as to prevent the impor tation of castor oil. Though an annual, it frequently survives the winter and lives several years as a tree. From fifteen to twenty five bushels of the seed can be MARIETTA. GEORGIA. NOVEMBER 13, 1877. grown from an acre of ordinary land, if well cultivated. The oil made front the bean i> the best lubricator known. The cake left after the oil is extracted is a line manure for small grain. Wlial is Clnu'iiitig ! Dr. A. S. Heath, of New York, in a paper on this subject, says that churning is a process that brings all the butter globules into frequent and perfect, contact wit It the air by agitation or stirring of the cream. The oxygen of the air combines with the curd and ren ders the little sacks brittle, so that they break open and liberate the globules of butter, which now adhere to each other and form the large mass of butter: thus the curd is mostly separated and lloats in the buttermilk. The sugar of milk is mixed with the butter and the butter-milk. This milk sugar gives to the butter its fine ilavor and imparts its lasting quality. Dr. lleath does not object to mixing hot or cold water with the cream in the churn to bring it to 1 lie desired temperature for chur ning, hut he does insist that but ter should not lie washed in water, as this is, in his opinion, decided ly hurtful, taking away the sugar of milk, and thereby impairing both Ilavor and keeping quality. Butter should he removed from the churn with a wooden ladle, put into a wooden butter howl, and there worked and moulded in such a manner that the butter milk will drain and run out of it. It should then he salted to suit the taste with pure salt. Much otherwise good butter is made hit ter by impure salt, which contains lime and magnesia in sufficient quantity to spoil the flavor. To purify salt for salting butter it is advised to put about ten pounds of good barrel or sack stilt in a clean muslin strainer of double thickness, place this on a tin col ander; pour over this salt a pint of boiling water in such manner that every particle may he wash ed ; a vessel set underneath the colander will catch the dissolved lime, magnesia and a few ounces of salt, which can be thrown into the salt tub for stock. To preserve butter for a year it is recommended that it he cart 1 fully packed in clean tubs, and kept in a cool, dry place. Salt, in Dr. Heath's opinion, does not preserve butter, neither does the brine; therefore, he says, all ex tra salt and water is hurtful. For long keeping, tight kegs, filled quite full, are best. Apple Orchil ills. When a fanner desires to set an apple orchard, he had better obtain his trees in October or ear ly in November before the ground freezes, and heel them in till next spring, because if not obtained till spring, he would be delayed in setting them, as nurserymen have so much to do at that season that they cannot (ill orders as soon as wanted. Farmers, also, are very busy in the spring, and they ! should do every thing in the fall lhat can possibly be done at that season. The land for a voting orelt ard may be manured and plough ed in the fall, so that il will only require harrowing in the spring to be ready to set; the trees. Don't trust to any travelling “agent” of j a nursery for your t rees, as three j fourths of these men tire not a gents, but they procure then stock of trees, etc. where 1 hey can buy them the cheapest, and sell on their “own hook," and the re ; suit is, in many eases, that one j does not get the varieties ordered, ! as these professed “agents" often ; (ill orders for various varieties ! from one kind that are worthless, and bought by the “agent” at a very low rate. As an instaneeof ! their frauds, a neighbor of mine ordered three varieties of grapes from one of them, and when they fruited lie found that he had none of the varieties ordered, and soil i> frequently with fruit trees. Apple trees may be set thirty to thirty five feet apart; and if one chooses to do so he can set a dwarf pear tree between every two apple trees. The land should be kept in cultivation, at least till the apple trees begin to bear fruit with an application of manure annually. It will pay well to do this in the more rapid growth of the trees. Fotatoe- are a good crop to grow, and may be planted for many years on the same land, if manured yearly. No trees o ver three years old, as a general rule, should he set, and great care should he taken in digging them, pruning and setting. It doesn't do to hurry such work, nor is it safe to trust to hired help.— Er. Kidney Worms in Hogs. A correspondent of the Farm ■lonnull gives the following with reference to the cure of a fine hog by means of carbolic acid : On the 20th day of February', 1 noticed that one of my hogs (a large Chester W&ite sow) was a little weak in the hack. On ex amining her. I found that it was with great difficulty that site rais ed her fore feet in trying to walk. As 1 have had very little expe rience in raising hogs, I at once consulted a number of my neigh bors. They all pronounced it kid ney worm, and, of course, each had a remedy. Some prescribed soap suds, others weak lye, cop peras, blue vitrol, turpentine, Ac. 1 gave each a fair trial, with no good results; and on the 20th of March, she laid flat on her side, unable to turn over, and had not been on her feet for more titan 10 days, when my father, a physician, handed me it bottle of carbolic a cid, and told me to use it as fol lows : ten drops once a day in drink, then put thirty drops in one gill of hot vinegar, and bathe the hack over the kidneys once a day. I gave tin* first dose on Thursday', March 21. On Sunday', the 2411 1 , when I went out to feed, she rais ed to her feet, and took two or three steps to meet me. By Sa turday. the 30th, she was as well and sound as ever. The same remedy is equally good in treat ing mange. First, wash the hog well with soap suds; then to one pint of lard, while hot, add one ounce of carbolic acid, stirring it until it is cool. Hub the hog two or three times with this, and give yourself no uneasiness about the mange. Hog Cholera. A farmer, writing from West Tennessee on the subject oi hog cholera, says that three years ago he had a lot of twenty-six line hogs running upon clover all sum mer. In the winter he turned them upon peas. The cholera soon made ils appearance, lie turned them into a lot without water, except what was given them in a trough. In that he used blue stone sufficient to color the water, one tablespoon fill saltpe tre, the same of spirits of turpen tine and one-fourth of an once of assafa-tida. He kept it .up for two weeks, every third day, and did not.lose a hog. He hits practised the same remedy ever since, and finds it satisfactory. A farmer writing from .Middle Tennessee stated that, he had kept his hogs free from cholera while the disease prevailed, several times among his neighbors’ swine, by giving them sulphur in dry meal three days in the month.— This practice has been kept it]) for twelve years, and the result is fat hogs and not a single case of cholera in till 1 hat t into. Peas on Poor La ml. Mr. Killebrew, in his report of the crops of the State of Tennes see, says tlial peas <lo not receive the attention they deserve,as they furnish one of the host fertilizing crops which can he grown, and flourish with luxuriance upon soil that will not grow clover or other grasses. According to his expe rience, a galled hillside can here claimed hv sowing in peas and turning under the crop while in bloom. Asa crop to precede the wheat, he considers it equal to clover, and much more certain in its growth. The black pea sown in corn fields at the last plough ing will keep a large drove of hogs during the winter, and sup ply rich food for cattle. This crop, it should he remembered, can he grown at a less cost than almost any other,while its nutrilivequal ilies are almost equal to corn. Clover and Potatoes. • A farmer gives quite an unsatis factory result of following a crop of potatoes with clover. In his experience, a well set. thick field of clover i< rarely, if ever, gained with following a grain crop after potatoes. In illustration of this statement, he cited two fields of unilormly strong soil, previously plowed and manured alike and at the same time, all sown with wheat, when seeded to clover, one of which had been planted with corn and the other to potatoes.— When the grass was cut, 1 hat field where the corn had been was dou ble that were the potatoes were grown. While different results came on different soils, and on the same soil when under treat ment, still he felt that the slate ment holds good. In the Hen-House. A farmer, who believes in earth Moors for fowl houses, offers a few suggestions growing out of his own successful experience, lie asserts tint! a good, commodious hen house pays in all respects,and more especially in the droppings saved therefrom, lie says the Moors of hen-houses should he dug over every week or so in summer and full, as should he all poultry runs. This freshens the (‘art It and gives the liens line rolling privi leges in hot weather. Before the fall rains conn* on, this larmer hauls a plentiful sup ply oi any kind of clean loam or good soil, and shelters it in dose proximity !o the hen house. Tins, during the winter, he scatters on the floor of the house every' week or ten days, lirsl raking away that which had been previously thrown there, and which is well mixed with Hie fowls' droppings; lliese Hikings go far towards building up one of the most valuable coin post piles of the farm. The fresh earth scattered now and then keeps the hen house neat and clean; the labor is easy and may he done at odd moments when Hie time is not missed, and the re sult is that by spring there is a rich accumulation for the vegeta hie garden equal in value to the most expensive fertilizer, and yet not having cost anything beyond it little easy labor each week.- This farmer prevents lice among chickens by sprinkling sulphur in the feathers of the sitting hens. Prof. A. Oorbett, in a recent treatise on gallinaculture, stated that poultry guano is worth, if kept under cover, almost as much in price as Pacific guano, which sells at sixty dollars and upwards per ton. Hen manure on the gar den or farm is worth fifty dollars per ton. To prepare il for use lie advises mixing il with soil, half and half. For corn, onions, and all vegetables, it is one of the best manures. No farmer who wants to make his farm pay should fail to save it. Laborers in the Itlack Belt. We notice in number forty eight October 4, a correspondent of the Plantation under flu* name of “Planter,*’ comes to the aid of “Rusticus,” with a spicy article, advocating the claims of Cully and Sambo its the best laborers in the world. Now, we are not disposed to detract from tlie col ored race anything that they .just ly merit, for we have long been convinced that ignorance, indo lence and superstition would be the destruction of the blacks as laborers, and have yearned to see some plan inaugurated to elevate and improve the moral status of the negroes so that they niiglitjie come good tenants, industrious and thrifty; but twelve years’ freedom lias found them in not much better condition than when first freed. Hut the old negroes now among ns do possess some traits that are highly commenda ble, which sire seldom found to much extent among the laboring classes of whites; observation and experience in the manage ment of negroes who were once slaves develops the fact that they arc the most forgiving people known, and rarely ever harbor malice, and tire generally easy to control. They are also the most hopeful people on the face of the globe, in our opinion, and will la bor cheerfully under circttm:-dan cos that no white man will pre tend to do. These (rails in the character of the old reliables, of course, constitute a merited title the best laborers in the world for cotton growing anti general farm work in the black belt. But these traits are not, in ouropiuion. be ing inherited by the rising gene ration of the blacks, or the per cent, is so small that it will not meet t In- demands of thR and him!owners in this wit h*d a tiding "Plan tens® in educating and traiin young men to be the htjjM on his farm, for whichi credit ; lie eeMainly^jgSSj ! iiikil oiii keeping siHBH| ally good negroes he undcrMajuls the di of gelling lliem to could not cultivate acre- for iifl| <>!hoK to 1 we 11 t v ikToMii ! Ill garded as being negro, and t wenly-fijH^ ariv- In I lie 111 ■■ I Mauler" u w Lie aw akr farii^^flHHg be pleased to set- managing his fane4*sjßtj ploy et-s published hi nHBS /‘.'n,,/,if loget her Mills; as we begin In jflßgg we are getting in need instruction especially in a;;e 111 e 11 1 of I lie now ruining on, be eonl rolled 111 I old reliables, or -I ers in I lie world" will sotw| w here w e an- not ahh-Hi perhanuto Liberia, wlvitHl t lie is! 11 ■ •■i ■ i -m 1 fhp? than negroes, and the cry is un| wind will become of I hem haps “Planter's” proposed 1 for the blacks (to wit: chat aml penitentiary) will nnHL-j the quest ion in the near fultWft but are Hie land owners and tSI tilers in the black belt prepaflg l<> have them sent In these schools t<> graduate in the wielding the hoc and gttidM “ j plow' Wo agree with -TiHmra that il 1- onr dnt \ to cult iYj^EraPi present its the present denimnlW Inti while doing litis, we prudent and even wist- to for tin- fut tin*, so as to emihl^^H to meet Miecessfiilly the residHH the future in all the l-clutijfln- 1 lift-. W<■ have no |ir--|iidicfl|l|ia t-Vef to 1 lit- colored race, ftilVH a child, next in alfcction t®S§f| mother, was aunt Hannah. ored woman, and having raised among them, anti owned and controlled negroes to some extent, when they were slaves, from the date of our be coming of age, until they were freed, and since Ihey were made cit izens,we have had the direction and control of a larger number up to this date than before, hence our opportunity for studying the character and disposition of “the best laborer in the world” has been reasonably good. But facts are stubborn things, and cannot be controverted; they may be suppressed and stifled for a short time, but. eventually they will de velop themselves; it, is a plain and palpable fact that requires no magnifying glass to look thro’ to see it, that the negroes in the black belt of Alabama are fast deteriorating in value as farm la borers. tin- number annually sent to these high schools is alarming, and we have serious doubts as to the ability of legislative bodies being competent to enact laws to meet the emergency of even tlie present, especially if the laws are expected to makegood and relia ble laborers of young C’uflee atttL Sam ho. Sont/arn Ptantation.^k IT.m.n S \r< i,. fakeom* pepper seeds or three pers, cut in pieces, as the caflj may he, to one quart of viuegaifl srald the vinegar, and pour ifl scalding hot over the cover, hut do not cook, .land four or li \ c train, and let land .ream iflBSHj day-, when all the 'ln' \ill < • .11 will 1 1 a\ e do- lint t<nn of lie- V< ■ ~ off and bottle for Use. To I’isrsKiivi. ('i:\ii Am.KS.fl To eaHi pound of fruit, pound of II ear. and one hailHHB of water: put lhe sugar til into a porri'la in kettle Coil up. then -kirn and apple.' ; huil until you can through them; lie- fruit and put iMut np and i ofl ’ .TT''