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THE FIELD AND F[l ll'MiL Vol. I. .fivcoide. I*l BUSHED by J. OK CiLMPBEXjL, CO. At One Dollar a Year. OFFICE IN 111 K 01.1) I*KI N I'l\). OFFICE Building, I’owilev Springs Street, Mari etta Oeorght. IVII> IKWIN. W. A. e, M’CI.ATI 11KV. i. U. IKWIN. Irwin. McClatchey &. Irwin, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Will |>iu> tiga iii tin* Blue Ridge. Home. A a (m ( oweta < 'iivuits. Marietta, March 13, 1*77. ly lam. r.iWKNM, wtt*. j. wink W. T. * W. J. WINN, All oi*it* y * :i i l<aw, M ARIETTA, OFOROIA. March 1.1, ly %%. it. row Kit. Attorney at Law, *- MARIETTA, GA. WiFi. practice in the ( on its of < ohh ami adjacent counties, Collect ing a specialty. Otlicc with Judge A. X. Simpson. northwest corner of I'nhlie Square. ly J. E. .VIOSEIA, Alloi-met :it Liu. WILT, attend toall husiues contidcd to liiin in 1 ohh ami adjacent coun ties. Office—in Mct'latchey’s Build ing, up stairs. Marietta, March HI, 1577. Cm E. M. ALLEN, Ke<iiiltiii Deiitiwl, Of more ilimi t\c.onc I HA K 0 KM R E ASOXABI.E. Oftii k —Xnrlli side of l*id>lic Square. Marietta, March HI, 1*77. ly I)K. G. TENNENT, Pi'iitlitiiig Physician. Ottice on ('assville street.—-Resi dence on Cherokee street. Marietta, March HI, 1*77. ly DU. E. J. SETZE, Physician ami Niii^roii, rTIEXDKRS his professional serviees 1 in the practice of .Medicine in all its branches to the cilizens of Marietta and surrounding country. Ottice at the Ortig Store of \\ m. Boot. inch 13-1 y H. W. GABLE, mmmi AND REPAIRER. Row HER SI*KI \ti STREET. iU.IETU. HA, Work done at very low prices, and war ranted. March 1, 1877. Haley Brothers, CtIEROK EE STREET, Dealers in GttOCKKIES, fUOV ISIONS, AN If HEXEKAL AIERCII WDIZE. Marietta, On., Mardi HI, 1877. ly M. B. Lyon, C II KRO lv F. E ST R E ET, FAMILI OKOMKOS. Anil dealer in COUNTRY PRODUCE. Marietta, March HI, 1877. ly n. t. lauxT, CHEROKEE STREET. Mi and Harness Maker AND REPAIRER. Marietta. March HI. 1877. ly House Building' and Repairing. SASH. BI.INDS, DOOMS FINISHED TO ORDER. Lumber of all kinds, and at the lowest prices, for sale, rpliunkful lor the lihcral patronage I hitherto, the subscriber would state that he is fully prepared to contract for the erection of Buildings, and# to exe <-ijfe tlfc contract'' in the most -atjsfacto- H manner, s.lliil*. Sf l lllli -i'l,' |*nl*|h oiiuhi e. March, 1877. LEMUEL ill.At K. CONTRACTOR AND hi HiiiPie. THE undersigned continues hi- busi ness of Brick Making, Stone and Brick Building, and F prepared at any time to take contract- on the most reas onable terms, and toext-cide them in the innt satisfactory manner. H. B. WALLIS. Marietta, Marclt HI. 1877. ly Agmultural. Profits on Sheep. The profits from raising sheep in Georgia are stated at sixty th e per cent., notwithstanding the ravages of dogs. These destroy ed in one year near 29,000 head of sheep, not a surprising fact, as there are nearly three dogs to every sheep in the State. Rood Fanning. Mr. Ephraim Legg, of Cobh county, raised upon ten acres of land, live of it being new ground, two hundred and fifty bushels of corn. On five acres, he raised 3 bales of cotton. Upon a “piece" of ground, he raised one hundred bushels of sweet potatoes. On one fourth of an acre, he raised fifty three gallons of syrup, and made seventeen hundred bundles of fodder. He lias nine head of hogs—four nice ones to kill, keeps a cow, lias one horse, did all the work himself, or himself and Cam ily, except the hiring of one hand for three or four weeks; makes his own fertilizers or mainly so; has a one horse wagon. A writer in noticing this, says : “Now, this young man and practical farmer is bound to thrive, if he lives, and we call attention to all such men as being the finger boards which point in lhe direction where com petenee a success are to be found. May all speedily learn the lesson.” What shall We Eat. The subject of diatetics is one that is at the foundation of health and longevity, yet mankind seems averse to investigate it at all un til health is sacrificed to impro per eating and drinking, then they spend their hard earnings for quack nostrums to restore their Just health. Would it not be much better to preserve a strong and sound constitution by proper care and prudence in living rath er than sacrifice it to improper liv ing, and then have to dole out a painful existence, and spend the proceeds of a long life’s toil to try to restore a lust constitution to its w anted vigor when too late. We may repeat what we have heretofore stated, “that many of our diseases are the results of im proper living.” We violate phys ical laws, and incur physical pen allies, as cause and effect are link ed together everywhere. Our health not only depends upon wliat we eat, but also upon how we eat. Americans do not take time to eat, but bolt down their food in ten or fifteen minutes.— Railroad lines give fifteen min utes for passengers to eat. This is an outrage upon common sense, and a fraud upon the travelling public, and should be suppressed by law. The most of people now eat only the fine flour (which is the starch of the wheat) and reject that part next to the bran, which contains the phosphates, the es sential part to nourish and *us tain the bones and the brain and nervous system. It is well known to all well-read physicians that the brain material, as well as that of the bones, is largely composed of the phosphites, which is prin cipally obtained from the grain weed; and all good chemists now agree that the coarser flour, next to the bran, contains the principal part of the phosphites of the grain, which should not be lost, but used w ith the fine flour of the wheat. Prof. Churchill, of Paris, ad vanced the theory that consump tion was caused by this deficiency of the phosphites, and introduced into use the lahratory made phos phates, which proved useless, as they were not assimilable, conse quently did not supply that defi ciency in the pulmonary tissues. We are having consumption in the United States, as well as all kindred diseases, such as scrofula, struma, and many grave forms of skin diseases, ail from want of the phosphites. Fox. one of tin best writers in Europe, says: “ there is something essentially special in the organized plios phates that have been formed (from grain) by passing through the living organism.” We must not only have flesh. MARIETTA. GEORGIA. NOVEMBER 20, 1877? out of which lo fabricate muscle, but we must have bread of the proper kind, mil of which to form bone and brain material Every man in this free republic ought lo know how lo conserve his health, as well as to know the polities of the country, and if either is to be unknown, it is far better that the latter be unknown, and the former well understood. The medical profession have been as slow to teach the people the art of preserving health as the people have been to learn it ; and the physician that attempts to give instruction upon such sub jects meets the sneers of the pro fession and t lie contempt of the people. Men do not mind to spend much time to be duped by political intriguers, or to be hum bugged by imposters in almost everything, hut they will not spend time to read or hear a sin gle lecture upon the subject of health. 1. •). M.Goss, M. D. The Best Time. Very much is often gained by attending to certain farm opera tions at the best time. “ A time to sow and a time to reap" is a proverb that farmers are too apt to construe in a sort of slipshod way, ;cs though a day or two ear tier or later in sowing or harvest ing were a matter of no impor tance. This is all wrong—expen sively wrong. Most farmers know when the best time is for nearly every ope ration that duty brings before them, from the first day of Janu ary to the 31st day of December. and very few fail to see in the course of the year more than one loss resulting from failure to at tend to one thing or another at the best time. Of course it is not presumable to instruct anv one regarding these known duties of the hour or the day, which, for cause avoidable or unavoidable, they fail to accomplish w hen they would. Those who never pul oil for tomorrow 7 what can as well be done to day seldom fail to take the best time for doing a thing. Many, however, have yet to learw, from their own successes or losses, and from those of their neighbors, that they have sowed or planted or gathered in a crop too early or too late. Thedilato ry are prone to err on the late side, and the prudent, also, are often with them. it is too early to plough in spring w hen the soil is stiff and moist e nough to clog or work into lumps, And it is not the best time after such stiff soil has so baked in dry ing that it will not pulverize when turned up in furrow s. It is the best time to plant corn as early as the soil can be worked light and made ready, if that be not too early for I lie grain to es cape frost after it breaks ground. It is the best time to cut nearly all kinds of grass for hay as soon as the seed is well-formed and he fore it hardens or the seed stems become wiry and dead. It is the best time to cut all sowed grain, including oats and peas, as soon as the stem begins to t urn yellow and deaden near the root. Remaining longer un cut injures and lightens 1 he i|nan tit v and quality of the grain, in ju res the straw and injures the soil. So say all the hesl farmers who have compared the result with that of grain cut when dead ripe, or fully hardened in the ker nel. They all agree that the ker nel is more plump, and that the grain will measure more bushels and weigh more pounds to the bushel, aside from the great sav ing of what a fully ripe harvest would waste by shelling while being handled in raking, binding, shocking and loading and unload ing. It is the best limeto cut up In dian corn at the root as soon as the later ears are glazed and the earlier are out of milk. And cut ting up at the root at this time is the besl way of harvesting the crop. Like other grains, the ker ne! is more plump, and larger w eight to the bushel are secured bv this early cutting of the crop, besides making the fodder richer and tenderer and increasing it ijuantily also. It is the best time to harvest po tatoes immediately when they be come so fully mature that the haulm dies and dries down. If, however, you find signs of rot, it is best to stop digging. Rot will not spread in the soil so readily or rapidly as it w ill in a heap or bin in the tubers in bulk. But no tatoes dug and housed or buried after they are dried from outside moisture seldom are attacked by rot afterwards. It is the best time to set fruit trees and grape vines in orchard or vineyard as early in spring as the oil can be well prepared to receive them; and the best way to set them i to make a mellow bed of sutficient size to spread their roots at full length in all di rections and leavt* at least one foot at the extremities of mellow, rich soil for these roots to start and spread themselves in. Soil from this bed is to be so thrown out as to admit all these roots to be placed in a natural position at a depth of four to six inches when covered, and the best of the soil is to he placed over and nearest to these roots. When the roots receive their first covering of two to four inches, water liberally, and leave t he surface or after till ing wet. Mulch on stiff soils. The best time in the day to handle all trees and plants that are to he transplanted is towards evening. If this is not practica ble, or even if it is, all roots out of the ground should be carefully protected from sunshine and all light and from wind; and rather than expose them to both sun and wind, even while handling them, it is better to delay a day or two and moisten the roots, and keep the plants in a cool cellar or oth er s!iado. —I'hmts-set fn a rain are liable to be badly set, and soil handled w hen wet is liable to bake. It is time always for thriftless farmers to anxiously look for lhe real reasons why their neighbors’ harvest better crops and realize better prices and larger profits tban they do. It is time now for successful farmers to Hell their experience" to each other and in the papers, and encourage each other, and make converts to the good cause of better farming. Millet, t 'ommissioner Killebrew, in his report of the crops of the State of Tennessee, says that this crop is regarded with less favor by himself, and considered il a great exhauster of the soil, and not e qual to clover, timothy or herds grass in nutritious elements. Ma nv farmers in his State are aban doning its cultivation. It wag fur ther depreciated as being a gross feeder, in consequence of which the soil devoled to it does not re • operate for several years aftei the crop is taken off. I'mllts of Small Farmers. IN VJROINIA. The ('harlottsville ( Va.) Jeffer sonian, of the 7th hist., says ; The farm of Frank Carr, in this conn tv, was left by him when he went to St. Louis, in charge of Mr. J. R. Bryan. Mr. Brvan has had the management of it for one year. Mr. Carr authorized him to sell il for $3000; it is assessed at $3750. Under Mr. Brvau's management fortlie last year, it has yielded a net profit of s6ll, which is about sixteen and a half per cent, upon the assessed value and twenty per cent, on the price at which it iias been offered. At the same time Mr. Bryan managed lib own farm, which i* assessed at $3,400, tin aggregate income from which was $3,000. The Lynchburg News re cently published the fact that J. J. Lawrence, of Amherst, who lives on a tract of ninety seven acres of mountain land which would bring about $291, being three dollars per acre, made on it a crop of tobacco which brought him $2Ol, besides bread ami meal enough for his family and some corn for sale. Before the war we knew a worthy man named Ber ry, in Madison county, w ith a wife and child or t w o who owned t w en ty acre* of mountain land that would have sold for not over $l5O, from w hich he supported his fain ily comfortably and saved about eighty dollars a year, lie refused to take a situation as overseer at s!so a year, ami a house, firewood and provisions for his family fur ni- hed. There are gentlemen of Louisa county who came out in the war without a dollar. a very scant supply of clothing, who have bought lands and paid lor them from the crops made from them, and are now comfort able and thriving in the midst of abundance at home. Let the far mers wake up and take courage. Let them put their brains, a* well as their hands, to work. Let them be careful and attentive to every interest, and there is no business more profitable. Grapes. * Grapes, like all fruits, are profitable where the climate and soil are fa vorable. Many a man lias v lost his money in trying to grow this fruit. For instance, Germans and other foreigners, who were grape-growers at home,have come come to this country, and seeing our cheap lands, apparently well adapted to grape growing, have sent to the valley of the Rhine and other places in Europe for vines to set vineyards. They had no access to the records of fail ures ot those who had previously tried the same experiment, so they ordered vines by the tlions and, or less, set them with great care, and in about three years they began to realize that their money was lost, as no foreign va rietv of grape ever did fruit pro fitahly this side of California.— Why is it so { No one can an •wer that question. Bill we know that such vines in outdoor cult ure have everywhere been a failure. So, also, it is partially with all “hybrid" varieties my called- -ritr merican vine* crossed on foreign varieties. Some of them pro duce fair crops in some localities, as near large bodies of water; but away from such influence these “hybrids” are not reliable. The Concord appears to be the main for market that is now cultivated, not because it is a very reliable variety, but because we have no thing else so good. There is room for great improvement in pruduc ing new varieties, as we have but very lew really good black grapes, and notone variety that satisfies lhe demand. An extensive grape dealer in New York told me re cently that he was paying3s cents per pound at wholesale for what white grapes he could obtain, and that he could not supply one tenth of the demand. They re tail at fifty cents per pound; but let no one suppose that any w hite grape w ill command this price, as among the fifteen or t wenty vari eties that are called white, only two or three will be bought in that city at any price. “ Well,” asks one, “ how much can a man make on grapes per acre yearly !" If yon live in a good locality for grapes, the In-st you can do, probably, would he to produce about 8,000 pounds to the acre, which would sell in our large cities at five to seven cents per pound ; and if your acres net led SIOO to $l5O clear profit, lak ing a series of years together, it would In* as much as you ought to expect. There are many draw backs in the business. Disease affects the crops, more or less ; and sometimes in the Northern or Western States a May frost will ruin the entire crop for that sea son. In brief, there is not much money in grapes now,w lien grow* in extensive vineyards, if one re lies solely on marketing the fruit, unless lie has a variety that is bet ter than the Concord, as that is thrown into every place to so great an extent that tin* price is often so low that it affords no pro fit. In all places where grapes are grown extensively by differ ent persons, wine making is con nectcd with tin- business ; and then if the fruit cannot be sold to advantage it is made into wine. About eleven and a half pounds of grapes will make a gallon of pure wine, worth one dollar any where as soon as pressed. Fruit-Growing. The profits on small fruits are generally more per acre than on ordinary farm crops. Mr. Fairy, of ciauamiutoii. N. J., reported his crop of Brandywine (Susqm to) raspberries as follows; Ten acres produced 26,300 quarts, be ing over 82 bushels per acre, which sold at w holesale at 164 cents per quart, netting $2,800, after allowing $1,538 for conunis- .■ t, iii c . mannre.BftffilSffl lion. u-c of erale-. Till i- net pel .iciv.BHIB u.i- pmbaldy more i ii,e i age pm lit. a-- ten or t per quart i- a- much as jflfgg* peeled an \ where. 'Mi with I Inw. f.&•%,*! S| raw berrie hundred bn -diets to the .SHHHH it f the lie-1 large \ can lie 1 a rge (HHHHjj I" cent- fIHSHB time-, how ever, a glut laEHH||| and the price goes d'> cent per (jiiart, bu&£-! age. ihi fruit wi I pm ae re overall pie pa\ a higher I raw Un rie- I han sni.aijSHBSHB it i ifc!-idedl\ more |fn 1 eu 11 iva I e such varictic&Pjra§3E ••real American. .Mo ll a We-d. Slat-of the Wot, Semv^i^-I ••and, ami mau\ oI h t i to plant hi w Inch i e\lcnsi\c became n is proli^;\M'i"- :^VfV-.t‘; Well inos,^^^^^S II of*"mv \ |,.,| ii ou.vtl^p*-.^! oil. iseen-ittcsjc^^^S^ JH Sk)LteJ|| J jfl ' *''m r m.i \ md w • •iJgE* 5 /."’ ’• It a is in Mr. Viin a New^B and. oi \ in ail of 'experience aiSHH Iclligcnce, says that wheiH|P| thought <d establishing a good dairy cows, In* selected IHf calves from his best milkers, auM raised them with great care, bijfl soolteii met with disuppoiutmefll that he changed his tactics ajßf procured iin Ayrshire ealves from which nearly all |HH e<l lo be good milkers. H (i H ther remarks: What we want is to decide first] what qualities are desired iu tinE stock which we are to keep, aujl then get thoroughbred have this character. In breed iß‘ lor dairy uses, attention paid to the pastures, to the (Spf o! keeping ami to the purpfcjßHj iu view. If butter is the and the pastures are hilly, audV the keeping generally at all be ” low really good, I do not suppose it would be wise to use Short horns, it might be that grade Jerseys would be as good ns anv that could he chosen for some sit nations. Ayrsliires would proba blv be better for general purposes ami the llolsteins iu some cases would no doubt be preferable to any other breed. What is needed at first is to decide upon the re quirements, and then get a male that comes nearest to the chosen use. When this is done on all our larms we shall have much more profit in all our stock. If is sur prising that farmers give so little thought to this matter, and it is plain that there is room for great improvement, and that it can he made almost without cost of mo ney. Let proper attention be gi ven to the matter, and we shall find soon the general wealth much increased. L'ikf; for Hum MA'nsii. —The New Kngland Farmer recom mends the following recipe as a simple and invaluable remedy for rheumatism : Take a pint of the spirit of turpentine, to which add 1 half an ounce of camphor; let it stand till the camphor is dissolgff ed ; then rub it on the part ted, and it will never fail to re move the complaint. Flannel should be applied after the part is formed with turpentine. Up peat the application morning au’U evening. It "is said to be avadable lor burns, scalds, and sprain, never failing ofk^H t-i ui; for a Frxox.— l had otm| about three years ago which waai immensely painful. 1 broke ofli the end of the egg shell, pourin*B out a little of the white, and djß ped my linger in what was Kverv six hours 1 changed foril fresh ega', the other one becoiml ing unpleasant. In twenty fo(H hours the felon dischurgei^^fl| liie-. i I ti lik'hl 'is Na