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THE FIELD AND FIRESIDE. Vol. I. slw .field and fireside. PUBLISHED BY X. Or. CAMPBELL sSc CO. At One Dollar a Year. OFFICE IN THE OLD PRINTING OFFICE Boil.ling, Powilor Springs Street, Mari etta Georgia. ■■IL'gJJ'JU' LL J. ! ' "?LJ w. n. sessions, Attorney at Law, MARIETTA, GA. OFFH E, north side of Public Square in Blackwell's Building, up stairs. I, 1877. lv _—— D. F. HM'LVTf’HEI, WEST SIDE VlA.kc SQUARE, MARIETTA, GEORGIA. DEALER IN EVERY VARIETY OF Choice Family Groceries. Sept. 4, 1877. ly DAVID IRNVIN. W. A. F. M’CLATCHEY. T. K. IRWIN. Irwin, McClatchey &. Irwin, ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Will practice in the Bine Ridge. Rome, and Coweta Circuits. Marietta, .March 13, 1877. ly WM. T. WINN. W 11.1.. .1. WINN. W. T. & W. J. WINN, A Korney * a I Law, MARIETTA, GEORGIA. March 13,1877. lv \Y. R. ROWER. M. M. HaMMETT. POWER I HAMMETT, Attorneys at Lasv MARIETTA, GA. OFFICE IN THE COURT HOUSE. WII.I, practice in the Courts of Cobb and adjacent counties. Collect ing a specialty. ly J. E. MOSELY, Attorney at Law. WXTII.I. attend to all business confided \\ to him in < 'obb and adjacent coun ties. Office—ln McClatcheyßuild ing, tip stairs. Marietta, March 13, 1877. <im E. M. ALLEN, fct-idcHt llenlixt, Of more than twenty years. CHARG E S REAS ONAB I. E . Office—North side of Public Square. Marietta, March 13, 1877. ly DIL G. TENNENT, Practicing Physician. Eg* Office on Cassville street. —Resi- dence on Cherokee street. Marietta, March 13, 1877. ly DIL E. J. SETZE, Physician anil Surgeon, TENDERS ids professional services in the practice of Medicine in all its branches to the citizens of Marietta and surrounding country. Office at the Drug Store of Win. Root. inch 13-ly M. R. Lyon, (II F.RO FEE STREET, FAMILY WROC’ERIES, And dealer in COUNTRY PRODUCE. Marietta, March 13,1877. ly . T. WRIST, CHEROKEE STREET, Saddle and Harness Maker AND REPAIRER. Marietta, Geo., March 13, 1877. ly House Building and Repairing. SASH. BLINDS, DOORS FINISHED TO ORDER. Lumber of all kinds, and at the lowest prices, for sale. Thankful for the liberal patronage hitherto, the subscriber would slate tliat he is fully prepared to contract for the erection of Buildings, and to exe cute the contracts in the most satisfacto ry manner. SHOP, south side Pnldii Sqiiare. March, 1877. LEMUEL BLACK. CONTRACTOR AND MILDER. THE undersigned continues his busi ness of Brick Making, Stone and Brick Building, and is prepared at any time to take contracts on tin* most reas onable terms, and to execute them in the luO't satisfactory manner. H. B. WALLIS. Marietta, March 13,1877. ly PRINTING,of all kinds. ueatly acd cheaply done at this office. Agricultural. Wbeu to sell Farm Products. EASTERN EXPERIENCE. In nine cases out of ten. as soon as they are ready for the market. The aggregate loss by holding ; is at least ten times the aggregate gain, taking the experience of any hundred farmers together. Take grain. In the natural ol der of things the supply is equal to the demand. The exceptions are when war takes from the pro during class, and adds lo the con suming dass, which, in addition to the waste and expense of trans portation, inevitably augments the demand, while decreasing the production, and of course increas es the price; or when a failure of some crop in some section places the supply below the needs of that section, and other and more or less remote districts are under the necessity of making up de ficiency. But both of these causes are ex ceptional. The world is slowly but surely learning that the worst use that can be made of men is to form them into regiments and set them to shooting at each other. And as to the failure of the grain crop in any section, it has almost become an axiom that when corn or wheat is below the average, something else that can take the place of one or both is above, and thus the general average, except in rare cases, is preserved. Then as to potatoes. They are generally less in the fall than in the spring, blit the larger price in May rarely if ever nets as much as the smaller price of October. The shrinkage in six months is never less than twenty-five per cent under the most favorable cir cumstances, and is likely to be much greater. Take wool. Generally the clip is bought up in July and August. If not sold then, it must be held till the next year, and although there is 110 shrinkage, if properly kept, yet there is some trouble, the int erest of the money, and the possibility of even a less price which the possible advance in a very large majority of cases never covers ; and thus in every depart ment of the farm. The principal that should un derlie this department of the farm operations is: raise the best, when the crop is ready for the market, if offered a fair price, let it go. Asa commentary on these sug gestions, the experience of two farmers, living in the same New England town is in point. 111 the fall of 1868, both cleaned up the same day sixty bushels of white beans, the product of the year. One sold his crop ten days after ward for three and a quarter dol lars a bushel, putting one hun- j dred and ninty five dollars in his pocket. The other “held’’ his crop; when offered three and a quarter he asked a half-—was confident that they would soon be worth four. To make a long story short, he kept them till last spring, the market all the time falling, till failing to sell them at any price himself, he sent them to a com mission merchant, some time in May, for his disposal. He sold one barrel, in June, for two dol lars a bushel. This fall, opening one of the seventeen left to show to a customer, who thought he might pay a dollar and a half, he found them covered with green mould, rendering them utterly unsalable. The farmer lias orderd them home, and proposes to feed then to his sheep(if they will eat them) Confident that the trouble of mind be lias had and the loss of at least one hundred and fifty dollars will suHicp to teach him his lesson when any crop is ready for mar ket. if offered a fair price, sell it. To \mK flannel. —They should be put into hot water first and then into hotter or cooler water, bwl all the water should he alike, about medium. Do not let them lie long after being wet. When they are wrung out the last time shake well, turn around and'shake from every side very thoroughly, and von will find your flannel nice. You can not keep t lit in from shrinking, but you can iu a meas ure. Shake it out again as soon a they come out of the water. MARIETTA, GEORGIA, FEBRUARY 19, 1878. Country Hoads AND THEIR IMPROVEMENT. This is a national matter, and of importance to the people of every state and territoiv in the Union. The “open winter,” with its moisture and its mud, has de veloped a sad state of things, and shown the necessity of greater at - tention to making good roads and keeping them iw proper repair.— Western papers tell fearful sto ries of the condition of the roads in prarie regions, where stone or gravel suitable for ballasting the causeways cannot be obtained.— In many localities the mud has been so deep as to render the roads almost impassable for weeks in succession. One of our West ern exchanges, describing the per ils of traversing the roads in its section, says that a farmer with an ox team and wagon, having a small boy mounted on the ox yoke to take soundings, soon found it impossible to proceed.— The boy called out: “Two feet and a half,” “three feet,” “three and a half, -Dio bottom !” and this ended the navigation in that di rection. Though this may seem an exaggeration, it might be very near, if not exactly the truth in many widely separated localities of different states, where deep mud has, in the absence of snow and frost, been the rule rather than the exception during a great portion of the present winter. The present season, when the roads are so universally bad in aIL sections, where proper attention lias not been given to their con struction and repair, is the time for farmers and others to study the subject of road-making, and prepare for action when the pro per time arrives. The trouble with too many is, that their logic on the subject of roads is like that of the Arkansas fiddler on (he house-roof question: “When the roads are bad, we cannot mend them; when they are good, they do not need repair!” And yet it would seem that the horrible con dition of the country roads in so \ many regions, near and distant— ; clogging the business and pros perity of whole communities by placing an embargo upon commu nication and traffic—ought, to wake up even the Rip Van Win kles to the importance of making good roads and keeping them in repair at the proper season, and thus provide for such an emer gency. There is no good reason for this had stale of the roads in most sections, and t herefore it is inexcusable. 111 most of the states wherein the people are now suf fering both damage and disgrace from the bad condition of the roads, the laws are sufficient, if properly enforced, to secure what is needed. The trouble is with the people themselves in most lo- i calities. They have a chronic ha bit yf neglecting the highways, and what is attempted lo be done frequently proves a farce worse than useless for all practical pur poses, for the simple reason that the work is performed without either knowledge or system. Eve ry district should select its best man for commissioner or path master (overseer) —and one who knows what should be done, and will see that there is no shirking on the part of hands in the per formance of their duty. The po sition is an honorable one, and those occupying it who discharge its duties properly, are entitled to much credit. Ex-Gov. Seymour, of New-York, has been path-mas ter of his district in Oneida coun ty, and we venture the assertion that he has performed the duties of the office faithfully and lo the benefit of the public. If the people throughout the land were to select the best men to control and manage their roads and schools—taking second aud third rate talent for supervisors, members of the Legislature and Congressmen, if necessary—our public highways and “people’s colleges” would soon be vastly improved, and local communities and the public at large propor tionately benefited. Every land owner and parent should lake a pride in having good roads and schools in Ids neighborhood, and he willing to make some effort to secure these blessings and make them permanent. Our present purpose is not to discuss the quession of how to make good roads, but rather to awaken the attention of farmers all over the country to the impor tance of the subject. Good or at least passable roads are indispen sable to the prosperity and com fort of all communities. In new countries they are among the first requisites of the settler who has anything to carry to market, and good roads always add to the val ue of farming lands, wherever they may be located. The farm ers of the South and West must have passable roads to transact their business, while those in the Middle and New-England states not only need them for that pur pose, but also as drives, and they can afibrd to and render them pleasant, with trees planted at the sides, the grass cut like a lawn, and no briars or weeds in the corners of the fence. In fact, the public highways are a dis grace in many sections, and ought to he speedily reformed altogeth er. It is a matter that needs ‘in vestigation,’ and we the people interested had better improve the present hour and adopt the neces sary measures to secure road re form.— y. World. A Valuable IW FOR COTTON SEED OIL. Cotton seed oil has for some time past figured conspicuously among our prominent articles of commerce, on account of the val liable uses it is made to serve. The cake is. export ed large lv, amr the refined oil is growing in im portance as a substitute for palm oil for saponaceous purposes in this country and abroad; and, in addition to lhis v it is shipped in considerable quantities to Med iterranean ports, aed after a little doctoring, reshipped her as the olive oil of commerce to no little extent. Numerous unsuccessful attempts have peen made to give the oil ihe necessary qualities as a drying oil for painters’ use, but nevertheless, experiments have continued, and now a party re siding at Capleville, near Mem phis, Tenn., announces that the desideratum has been reached. He states that he has discovered a comparatively non-expensive operation by which the cotton seed oil can be made equal to lin seed oil for this purpose, aud cites an instance where a house was painted some eight months ago with cotton seed oil as a substi tute for linseed oil, on which the paint is as bright now as on Ihe day i< was applied. The process discovered makes cotton seed oil a dry oil for house painting that is said to have 110 superior. It now remains to have a trial of it in the different cli mates, and in the event of its sue cess, cotton planters will find a material addition to the value of their seed, while to consumers there will no doubt be a consider able saving, as a very heavy duty has to he paid on Calcutta lin seed, from which the best grades of linseed oil are crushed. The greatest saving, however, will be in the Southern States, as large sums are spent annually in our Northern markets for linseed oil for use in that quarter. Then there is a possibility of further outlet. Large quantities of lin seed are exported from this conn try, and if cotton seed oil can be made of desirable quality the cheapness of price will do the rest. Of swamp muck, its use and value, a Saratoga (New York) cor respondent of the Country Gen tleman says: I have had quite an experience for twenty years with muck, and the best results have been obtained by me when dig gingaud piling it in ridges in the swamp in fall or summer, letting it remain to dry and slake until it is fiued by the atmosphere; then I draw it into the stock yards and pig yards, where it will absorb all liquids. 1 draw it out in the spring and spread on broadcast, or put it iu the hill for corn as I may need it. The results have been satisfactory with me, ami I con siilcr muck treated in this manner equal to common stock manure for grass or any crop on the farm. An Englishman, iu speaking of some fine cattle, says: They were i-venlv Hushed all over and the meat of that texture which shows steady, continuous feeding from infancy, and not a hy.* . & blubber wrapped - 1 six weeks, as pig.- * ‘ corned against Uhiasrui?iViYfr. , l J t*k i strong way of putting ifcliut line nevertheless. - Vegetable At the New YorkfAttjWK’-bysi 1 )r. .1. iliu u.T.'if 1 iii" - ■' 'T m y* r ••' 1 anit>TO?'n i" 1 . 1 is I 11 laluy. All Inmgli I lit* \ |JB|||||h exposed Iu inlcll-c < nil | 1 w liciv animal life ex posiuv imild inn c\ planted in a lluwor pot, tin- yHEj speedily germinated, illustrawß the fact that vegetable vitalrsj may be suspended almost imho nitely. Dr. Smith also stated that in Lapland reindeer milk is frozen in cakes in the interior of l lie conn try aud sent to the coast, where it is an article of commerce, ex ceedingly prized on account of its purity and niilritous qualities, to be dissolved over the tin* when ever required. The quantity l hie made marketable is amazing. A;? owner of 2,000 reindeers may Ji'jj said to be a largo manufacturer or frozen milk. It is also melted b 1 another class of manufacturer'i and made into cheese. .J This allusion to pure milk cal 1 ed up a member who stalml, oh llie authori-ly -of -lb. Ti iinldo. i D.iT 100,000 quarts of water were sold as milk every day in Hie city of New York. l)r. Smith alluded to the won derful instincts of animals, and cited several instances, lie call oil out Brother Besson, long a re si dent among Hie Indians in tin' West, who related some instances of the remarkable instinct and industry of beavers. .Several members discussed the subject of instinct. Dr. Trimble exhibited tin' cocoon of the silk worm, which feeds on the ailan tus tree as attached to the leaf and limb. The instinct of the iu sect was shown bv the manner in which it had first attached itself to the leaf, and then, knowing the leaf must fall to the ground when winter came, fastening itself by a cord of its own make to the limb of the tree. The discussion on instinct led to a talk about ants, their wonder fill knoweldge (or instinct) and industry. A mouther said one kind of ants built castles twelve feet high—four limes greater in proportion to their size, compared to man, than the pyramid of the ancient Cheops. A note from a Maryland farmer asked how to preserve to best ad vantage (lie manure aeeiuniilat ing during (lie year at a stable of fifteen to twenty horses i Doctor Heath advised keeping the man ure under cover and sprinkling li ver it gypsum—-sulphate of lime, to prevent the evaporation of am monia. President Ely suggesled that muck spread upon the man tire would answer t lit* same pur pose. Other member concurred iu these views. in tli(‘ birch wood of Giillodeu, Scotland, there i a remarkable tree. About forty years ago a large tree of the forest wa blown down in a storm and fell across a deep giilley, which it completely spanned, and the lop branchc took root on the opposite ide. From the parent stein no le s than fifteen trees grew up perpendieii larly, all in a row, and there they still flourish iu all tlieir splendor, while thf' parent stem evince- no token of decay. Several of the trees are not les. than thirty feet high. The tree is a large fir. There is very little, if any, dif ferenoe between the cattle known as Alderney and Jersey. The la! ter is considered the proper term for both. The island of Jersey is much larger and more important as a breeding station than that of Alderney; tin* former exports yearly somethingover two thou and head of pure bred cattle, and the latter seldom more than a bun dred. 1 lie Guernsey- are e--en tially the same in their most si ri king characteristics, but are rath er larger and coarser, and have recently been classed separabdv by the Royal Agricultural Smut ty of England. :I 11 I' 1 rccs :'"<l ; !'i^f ( . |f and |ii 2o<i,ooljl®§| Ik 500, ( MMI j'i| |—ffnds of IlmPl y*" r 'y- m*n A cliccm • elArang 7,000 noundJ has been ina\li* higersoll facto! i',v in < Canada. >i required thirt five 1 ons; ol milk for its sition. Oilon breaking up a keeps a soil in iieallh; for when it lies iu a hard bound condition, enriching lain runs off, and the salnlirious air cannot enter. Asparagus and tomatoes grown under glass in Mew Jmy are Kell ing in I’hiladelphia, 1 lit* former at 75 cents per hunch and the latter a I 50 cents per pint. Louisiana, has a very promising outlook in her sugar district. The planters are making preparations for more extensive culture, labor troubles have ceased and every I hing is encouraging. The first eggs are always the best for hatching. They produce, the finest and most uniform chicks, and are truer to their breed, show all the liner points, and develop sooner, where the breeding birds are chosen with an eye to the nearest possible perfect ion. Ohio raises the most, winter wheat, 27,025,05!) of the 175,192 192 bushels produced in the I Tiileri States, and also more than half the lla.x produced in the country. The wool yield of the Stale is one fifth that of the Foiled State-, and double that of < 'alifornia. Oreat licit ain paid to foreigl nation lor grain, cattle and meat during the year 1877, $484,398,- 085. while during 1870 the total wa 11*15,0 td,930. Of the total in 187 , was for grain, ♦80,508,270 for cattle and meat,. ♦•17,091,525 for butter, $23,815, I 205, for cheese and ♦ 12,302,405* for eggs. It costs no more to produce aj pound of wool than u pound of] cot ton, and t he wool sells for tliie™ times the price of the Again,the 100,0()0dogs in (Jeer gia consume and destroy an a mount ol food, either already fit Ibr human u e or - tillable forfeedj ing to productive animals, which,' estimated in bacon, would supply 50.000 laboring men. Twelve million acre# of forest, it i estimated, have been cut down or burned in the I'. States within the last ten \ us. Much of the timber i- used for fuel, twenty live cities being on record a-- consuming lion.-live to teii thousand ;utc each. Fences ana '3MA ' f s-v ♦144,6® „ vjSJk Jußf. - J fto. 21