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THE FIELD AND FIRESIDE. Vol. I. ffhr^irUUnd/itTsiilo. FI BI.lsllKl) BY J. C3r. CPBELL eSc CO. At One Dollar a Year. OFFICE IX THE OLD PRINTING oi l'll K Building, Pow der Bpring> Street. Muri el ta (Heorgia. W. M. SESSIONS, Attorney at Law, MARIETTA. GA. OFFICE, norlli Mle of Pttblie square in ' Ibiililing, up 'lairs. ii . u n imnA, WEST SIDE iTBUF SQF ARE, MARIETTA, GEORGIA. ni.At.iat in EVEHY VA FIFTY OF Choice Family Groceries. Marietta. Sept. 4, 1577. ly lllVlll iuwin. t. is. IKWIN. D. & T. B. Irwin. .ATTORNEYS AT LAW. Will practice in the Blue Ridge, Rome, and < ow eta < 'ircuits. Marietta, March 1.1, 1577. ly W W. T. \\ INN. W11.t.. .1. WINN. W. r r. & \V. .T. WINN, \ llor ii < k y s at h a w , MARIETTA. GEORGIA. March 13,1877. It \\ , |>. row IK. H. M. II A.MM KIT. POWER # HAMMETT, Attorneys at Law, MARIETTA. GA. Ol'UCi; i\ TIIK COI'llT HOISE. i|fll.l. practice in the < 'miris of < <>l,l, W anti adjacent counties. ( ollcct iill*': specially. I.v ,1. E. MOSELY, .4 llorney a I Lin. x * rl f.l. alli'inl to all tmsines , confided \\ to him in Gold) and adjacent coun ties. llnuK —in Met lafclicv’s Build ing, lip stairs. Marietta, March 13. 1577. litu E. M. ALLEN, !ie*i<leiif l>eli**l. (if more than twenty years. CII \liliKS It E ASO X A B I. E. (hint-. —N’orilt side of Public Square. Marietta, March l.'t, 1877. ly I>IL G. TENNENT, i'l'iicliciiijt Pliysieian. Otlice on ('assville street. — Resi dcnce on Cherokee street. Marietta. March l.'f, 1877. ly I)K.*E. .1. SETZE, S*liysjeian and Surgeon, rpKN’DERS his professional services I in the practice of Medicine in all its branches to the citizens of Marietta and surrounding country. Office at the drug Store of Win. Root. inch 13-ly M. H. Lyon, r II Elt OK K E STR RET, ianii.v <*i:o<i:kii:v And dealer in goixtry PRomcK. Marietta, March 13,1877. I.V 11. I. 6RI§T, CHEROKEE STREET, Sail and Harness Maker AND REPAIREIL Marietta, Geo., Mtireli lit, 1877. ly House Building and Repairing. SASH, BT.IXDS, DOORS FINISHED TO ORDER. Lumber ot‘ all kinds, and nl the lowest ju ices, lor sale, f'phankful for the liberal patronage X. hitherto, the subscriber would state that he is fully prepared to contract for the erection of Buildings, and to exe cute the contracts in the most satisfacto ry manner. SHOP, south side Puhlii Square. March, 1877. LEMUEL BLACK'. CONTRACTOR AND KIILDIIK. cinllE undersigned continues his Inisi- V ness of Brick Making, Stone and Brick Building, and is prepared at any time to take contracts on the most reas onable terms, and toexecute rheni in the most -ati-f . -tore manner. If. B. \V A LI.IS. At arietta, March 13. 1877. lv B. R. Strong, ■ Successor loti, \V. Williams, ANT) Apothecary. YYTI LI. continue business at the Old W stand in MARIETTA, and will keep on hand, and for sale. A OKNKItAI. ASSOIiTMI \ l lit FRESH AM) GENUINE Drills! Chemicals! Toilet mill i'anrt Article*! Paints and Oils! fine Perfumery, All w hich w ill be SOLD LOW FOR CASH. Prescriptions carefully com pounded by an experienced Apotheea fV, AS MIKKIOIUKI. B. R. STRONG. Looks and Stationary. School Books and Stationery of all kinds. Also, .Musical Note Books for Sunday Schools and Singing Classes. Any book not in stock, either Literary, Scientill* or Educational, or any piece of Sheet Music, will he ordered and de livered in Marietta at publisher's pri ces. B. R. STRONG. Marietta, Feb. 187S. Onion Sols. White and Yellow Onion Set', for sale at the Drug Store of felt 2(1 B. R. STRONG. Hie llrii'oil Tree Press. This popular weekly is received regu larly, and for sale at live cents per copy, at tiie Drug and Stationery Store of feb 26 B. R. STRONG. Garden § Field Seeds. I HAVE a full supply of Vegetable _ anil Flower Seeds. Also, a stock of Clover, Tiinolby,Jled Top, < Irelntrd and Blucffrass. all wliick will be sold low for CASH. B. R. STRONG. Marietta. Ga., Feb. Hi. IN7B. E. A. WITHER*, Iron Founder S; Machinist. MAXFFACTFRKR OF S t o a in Engines, CIRCULAR SAW MILLS, Improveil *orgliiini Mills. GRIST MILL MACHINERY. XMXG Gear for Water Wheels, V of every size and descript ion : l*lans and Specifications for Mill Work furn ished free of charge. Also, Manufactu rer of Gold Milling Machinery of latest improvements. Brice,s to soil the times. All work first class, AM) Cl AHAM 1.1.0. And having jnst l)iiilr new Iniildings, and having as good machinery as could lx- had North, I feel confident that lean defy all eornpetition as to quality of work and cheapness of price. Being a practical medianh- of thirty live years experience. I am not afraid of my abili ty to give satisfaction to all who may feel disposed to patronize me. Marietta, March 13, 1577. J. B. O’NEILL & CO. h'axt A 'hie of the J'uhiie Sijooee. MARIETTA, GEORGIA. 1)I A I.KHS IX ALL hi YDS Oh urn embus i codsisy rcs, Mnrietta, *Sepl. l 1877. \y k. *. i*:n\ in. t.s. rnv. IRWIN A CLAY. AfloriM*}* l Lih. VITHI attend to the practice of law in VV Gobi) and adjacent counties. All collections entrusted to them will be met with prompt attention. Office over M‘Diarchy's store, west side Ruh li- Square. Marietta. August 7. 1877. lv. MARIETTA. GEORGIA, MARCH 12, 1878. Agricultural. Tiie Farm For Young: Men. During' llte year .just passed there wore 8.57‘2 mercantile tires in the country, involving li abilities of s(>lllo,6(>0,000; and du ring the four years front 1874 to 1577. inclusive, there were 31,5514 failures, with aggregate liabilities of $738,085,000. In the presence of the mercantile diasters indica ted by these ligures.and continued : failures of which we read among the merchants and manufactur ers, farmers may read tiie superi ority of their vocat ion. Among our young men particularly (here lias been a disposition since the war to forsake what they term the drudgery of farm, and to engage in the excitement of city life. They have imagined that those who were in railroad, manufac turing and merchandising and speculating were having an easy time of it, and were rapidly ac : cumulating money, while they worked hard for small gain. But ; they must think dilferentlv now, as they see old business linns, hanks, insurance companies, rail road companies and maniifaclur | ing firms, go down before Iho ! storm, and men go into bankrupt cy who were supposed to repre sent colossal fortunes. They may have to go slower,but they go saf or. They may not accumulate so rapidly, hut they do not take tip' hazards and uncertainties which (‘very merchant and manufactur er must face. When times are f prosperous they share the pros perity in good prices for their crop; and when as at present, they are adverse, they can live within themselves, take no risks and keep out of debt. They are never thrown out of employment or run the danger of being entire ly without any resource to earn their daily bread. The cultiva- I tor of the soil is a king on his do main and is subordinate to no authority. All other occupations are dependent on the public, but the farmers looks alone to God, to his own soil, to his independent labor, and lo nature for his sup port. He is always assured of a i living if he works and a return I for his labor. The feverish desire which in the past sixteen years has inclined our young men to seek servile occupations in the towns, we trust is passing away. A Louisville journal recently said that in that city, fifty thousand young men were tramping the streets vainly seeking positions which they perhaps considered more genteel than t he cult i vat ion of the soil. Hundreds of thou sands of persons are now tramp j ing southward, being thrown out j of employment at the north. The; majority of these probably loft their homes in the country to seek occupations in the cities. But,if! wot, they have mere excuse than our young men South, for farms can not he procured at the North as easily its at the South and much harder labor is required to make them productive. The safest, surest and most: in dependent life in the country, is that of the farmer. And the South will grow lo he more and more prosperous as our young men for [sake the towns in which they have crowded for the country,and engage in the cull i vat ion of the soil. hit I i:t u Bees. liV T. IS. .MINKit. Mtiuy years of close observa ti()ii of (In- relative value of Hal ian and black bees convince me that the Italian h ave no essential qualities superior to the blacks. 1 admit that the prejtonderanee of ojiinion, or rather of assumed opinion, of dealers in bees is in favor of the Italian, because, as I claimed, they can be sold for more money- not because they are worth more, but because they have been highly lauded for the jmrpose of making money in sell ing Ihem-the same as hits been done with new breeds of jxmllry and other live dock, that in most, if not all cases, has turned out to la* of no value over breeds previ ottsly existing in this country. The sale of Italian bees works as follows; A bought them til a high jirieeto make money in sell ing them, lb- recommend* them ol eoiiro*. and probablv lie- a bout their qualites in his circular or in the papers, to create a de mand tor them. He sellsa hive or two to B, (\ I). Ac. Now tin. ‘SO purchasers, as soon as they get a supply, proceed to misrepresent them as A did, so as to enable them to sell them at a high price; and so it works all over the coun try, no man who has them for sale being inclined to represent them just as they are, because it would lessen his sales. Many of these men would not, perhaps, tell an outright falsehood, but they reiterate what others sav, who perhaps for t)ts would swear that lilack is white: and this is the way that reputation of the Italian bees has been mamifatur ed. Mr. I. C, Ro#l, who was Mr. Qiiinlyv's partner in the bee busi ness before Mr. Qttinby died, un derstands the merits of Italians bees as well as any man in the United States, and he stated at the convention of bee-keepers in New York last fall that the black bees are the best for cap or box honey, and the Italians best for extracted honey ; and box honey is the main reliance for profit with all bee-keepers. Mr. Boot's statement decides the qttelion in favor of the blacks. I'lilveri/ation of the Soil. Tin* average returns of eulti vated crops may he largely in creased by a thorough pulveri zation of the soil, because the more a soil is pulverized, and the greater Hu* state of division in which its parts are, the greater is its absorbent power. The action of the hoe increases the attraction for moisture, encour ages the circulation of the atmos pheric and nutritive gases, and thus, be the soil what it may, adds to its fertility. By the me chanical operat ions of agriculture, we divide and renew the surface, and endeavor to make every atom of the soil accessible to the nation of the carbonic acid and oxygen of the atmosphere. lit this way we distribute the excess of mineral food found atone spot to others in which it fails, and thus enable anew generation of plants to tind everywhere the materials which are indispensa ble to their growt h and prosper it v. The pulverization of the soil by .plowing, grubbing, harrowing, rolling hoeing, mellowing, and other operations,is a main depart nient of agricultural labor, and one which is far too much neg levied b.v ;t majority of farmers. While tillage cannot practically be offered as a substitute for ma nure, yel itquadruples the effect iveness of the latter. Every lime the land is broken by any sort of tillage or division,! here must arise some new superliees of the broken parts which never has been open before. Fibrous roots, which alone maintain the plant, can lake in no nourishment from any cavity, lienee the necessity of so jailverizing the soii that each particle can be reached by the roots. The finer the soil, the richer will it become and the more plants will if maintain. Successful cultivation can only be maintained by the intermixing of air with Ihe soil. The presence and circulation of the air in the soil, in as many minute streams and a> large aggregate quantifies as possible, is important to free and luxuriant vegetation. 'The grand means of effecting such aeration are such as maintain the porosity of the soil. Air is thus supplied, however, not only in a direct manner by t he atmosphere, bill indirectly and quite a-, neccs arily and efficiently by water. The fine parts of the earth are ini|>regnated throughout then whole substance with the riches contained in dews and gentle howlers, and in such, soils the most weak and lender roots have free passage U> the utmost extent, and have also an equal jtressure, everywhere giving the needed contact with the minute ((articles of earth. The subject of the thorough pulverization of the soil demands increased attention from every practical agriculturist. A nt<rwan (Juliivntoi'. Ray a hand, if he is a poor hand, all you promise him ; and if he is a good one pay him a lit He more; it will encourage him to do 'till better. Egyptian Grass—Cotton Scraper? West Cakroli. Rakish, La., Oak Grove. Feb 10,1878—1n your last paper 1 see a notice of the celebrated Egyptian grass IV,r stile, of which 1 am truly glad, as your paper i> circulated largely through the Smith, and I think it a very valuable forage plant. Sown, as it is, with as little labor as oats, and harvested the same way, eitj^gfcydim)ves or.jopse, as hay, mi; ' " ■ ** ' r ' : -. m ’ '-/ -i 1 gym tll.-sPrie -nun 111 I It matures in about sixty onty days, and takes but quantity of seed per acre twelve pounds. It is really the richest looking crop of (he kind l ever saw growing. The seed is very valuable for poultry, and particularly for young chickens or turkey poulets. Gan you inform me w here I can obtain a double scraper -that is, one which will scrape both sides of Ihe cotton row at once? Also, it combined corn and cotton planter, iu which the seed can he seen dropping by the operator. —J.MoK. in Courier Journal. Stir the Soil. “If I had to preach a sermon on horticulture" says Downing “I should Lake this for my text: “Stir the Soil.” In dry weather it is ve ry essential that the soil be stired often. The air waters the fresh I dug soil much more etlectfully [ than we can do. A man w ill j raise more moisture with the j spade and hoe in a day than he can pour on the earth out of a wa it ering pot in a week. If the j ground he suffered to become | close and compact, the cool stir | face exposed to the air for the re j ception of moisture is similar, | and what is deposited does not en ter into (he earth far enough to be appropriated; but Tf the soil Ik* j loose and penis the air enters more deeply and deposits its j moisture beneath the surface. A1 i most any soil in which a seed will i germinate may he made by con j tinned hoeing to produce a crop. Above all, cut away every weed j that appears. “One years’seed j ling makes seven years’ weed [ ing.” The only use of weeding is to make a necessity of Idling tin l ground more frequently. Ex Success with Hens. A correspondent of the < 'nil i I valor says: Many would be sucess ful poultry-fanciers fail more from | lack of attention to their birds | than from any faults in the breeds. | While many intelligent keepers ' of fowls, though |ierhaps deficient in no other jrarl of (lie manage j menl, neglect the -Mixing np” of the hen-premises for the winter i until the lasi thing, seeming to act from the belief that il can be Jas well attended to any time af ter everthing else is made com I tollable for the winter. The re ! suits is, no eggs during the cold > weat her. Fowls are as sensitive to cold, and to sudden variations of lent peraturc as their theoretic hut un practical owners; while a few sud den chills in exposed situations, before the completion of a late moult, discourages the average | hen to such a degree t hat no after j attention, howerever elaborate, j will cause her to completely re i cover from such neglect, or to ; prove a very profitable hen. To the poultry-owners, who j will pay the juice of success with hens quite as readily as he would requite his milk-producers, or a ward them the attention his Hock of sheep require, I would say, keep-your hens warm during Hie wet storms of late autumn, w hen their na<ural reluctance to aban | Hyp their scratching proclivities will induce them to remain expo sed upon the uncovered ground to inclement weather. Wet featli ers add ten fold to the discomfort of a hen, and fully as much a> i dripping garments to a man. Most soils are improved by the application of suitable manure, but the kind required varies with I the nature of the soil. Lime is a good manure for clayey soils and gypsum for sandy ones, be cause tlie former retains and the latter attracts moisture. Papers. i;v w. w. k. ‘■l Since 1 was fifteen years old.fl IB<>2, I have taken your pap<B and I have been frequently asIJH why I take an agricultural •• they are such dry an wit has been that I lli<uMffi§| a j>,-nii/.iL/, „/, andVHHj now enumerate some of ions \raocin which 1 money tiSHg pb 'itrc : I- column' I have 1 1 my of 1 111 n I m-j£ Bud '11i! al>i 1i I mff < lime many of i who take no who 111i" p.M lo 11 \ loon ii\, i'lt.i y-yfv'yo ■'■.g i By' -t .--jvY’V’' 7'*i * > >j " I"” 1 ■ -'-ii 11 m a 'ijß; - j J b> MW z J 8 ' . *: •, .-A,*;, • -N iii-iit li.nmi 71®";''’ own.' It ural Brevities. Nineteen thousand -hcc|Mgfpll one county in 'Texas being grazed on the North I’hflH \ Nebraska jiaper says ; pile- in the yards of NeliH farmers are nearly its plcjijTWß wood piles in the Fast, a lift'V'! Hie same purpose' fo Wdl: to I iIH for fuel. Is it right ?” , I Clovers generally coutafl more water than ordinary grasses" and also more nitrogen. They contain, however, less fatty in nig ter and less mineral matter. M Based on the average yield fl the land in the United Slate&ifl would require 11n- product oNBH 000 acres in corn, or (1,000 in w heal, to fully load one frrVggg steamer ol a carrying on|u<Jßß| .‘5,000 toil'-.. Dryness one of tin requirements in a poultry exposure to damp, at night, I'requontiy nro<lijdfln| tack ol that mos I. fitiHHH ll c VCI'C 1 st di-case termed roilpe. The object of the farmer shlHB ' be to raise, from a given land, the largest quantity of thed most valuable produce at the letafl ! cost, in the shortest period of timj jand with the least i jury to the soil. sIMbH The New llampJdre FislfS^H ini - ionei- are pl^^rin is next report a full record numlier of ponds, acres kind ol lail tom.w het her or mud. and kind offish lVuiM|j§ them, in every toWnshij) in State. Iy this means they enahb-d to proceed in l lie dis| riliiil ion of lislifl the water- -liilaldy for e.aeli^^H A writer in the l , ,nrl!c< Jß -ay' t ind lie kepi his HR oreluinl well cultivated witlnß crops for several years. fl grew eighteen inches to Iwol in a season. Only one A neighbor • el mil an orejHH the -nine lime :i m I eedcd^^H gra In three years uuH| of the trees were ilead, which liveil grew only IVoii^R In i\ inches ye;K alionl the 11-lial e\perieiii^^H Small farms make near hors : l hey make good roads ; til make plenty of good schools a churches; there is more' niofl made in proportion to the hi less labor is wanted ; every® is kept neat ; less wages liavH he paid for help ; les-, time ed ; more is raised to the besides, it is tilled bett.er ;jHtf i no wal ehiug of hired heT3|| mind kepi in a wnrr^fc time. >.l . No. 30.