The field and fireside. (Marietta, Ga.) 1877-18??, July 25, 1878, Image 1

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The field and fireside., July 25, 1878, Image 1

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Newspaper Page TextTHE FIELD AND FIRESIDE. Vol. 1.—N0.49.] i. u. i'ami'RKi.i . i:. n. (uxidmax. Jhr/iold.uul/irradc. IMBEIsiiKD BY T. <3*. CAMPBELL oe CO. Ai One Dollar a Year in al\ aiiro, or One Dollar and I'ittv Cents it not paid in advance. IN TIIIC OLD I’HINTIXti OKI'K K Building,. Powder Springs Street. ,Mari etta (ieorgia. V. M. T. WIXX. WILL. 1. WIXX. \\T T. AAV. l. WINN, AW<rimj \V .ai Liuc. March 19,1877. Iv nr M.jKSSIONS, Attarue;) at Law, VV . in stair-. M IE. MOSELY, .\ih>ntPi^m r Law, • will attend to ajjfnisines iron tided to him in Coltlt eoitnties. Omen in Met lateiiey’s Building, up -tails. .Marietta, March 19, 1877. l.v K. M. ALLEN, ResMeut l>t uiist, of more than t wenty "illTr years. ('harges Reasonable. office — North side of Public S(|iiare. Marietta, March 19, 1877. I v Dl{. (J. TENNENT, Prmtleiuy I'lii/aiiimi. Office on t'assville St. Residence on Cherokee street. Marietta, Mardi 19,1877. ly Dll. 17. ,1. SETZE, Phyitictiiu amt Savyeott , tenders his professional services in the practice of Medicine inall its branches to the citizens of Marietta and surrounding country. Office at the Drug Store of Win. Hoot. inch 171—1 y DA T. B. IRWIN, Attorney* at . Law Will practice in the Bine Bulge, Home, and Coweta Circuits. Marietta, March 19, 1878. ly W. It. I*OW HI!. It. M. HAMMETT. FIWEII a HAMMETT, Mtoi ata/s at Law, Marietta, (la. Will practice in the < 'onrts of ('obb and adja cent counties. Collecting a specialty, ly M. 11. Lyon, • * ill Ell OK K K STHKET. IllllliV USOdIRIIX And dealer in COENTRY PHODI’t'E. Marietta, March 19, 1877. ly W. T. in R IST. t II EROIvEE STHKET, Saddle and Harness Maker AND RE DAI HER. Marietta, <;><>., M.-nv!i 13. !577. lv \V. (’. GREEN, Watchmaker v; & Jeweller, MARIETTA, GKOHVIA. Vr.SO, dealer in Clocks of every de scription. Repairing of Watelies, < locks, etc. a specialty. Satisfaction guaranteed. Sign of Big Watch, west side Public S<juarc. oct 2 CONTRACTOR AM) BDILDEK. rpllK undersigned continues his hii-i --1 ness of Brick Making, Stone and Brick Building, and is prepared at any time to take contracts on the most reas onable terms, and to execute them in the most satisfactory manner. li. B. WALLIS. .Marietta, March 13, 187". lv "GREEK | REYNOEDST Dentists. WEST SIDE OF THE PUBLIC SQUARE Rooms over M’Clatchey’s Store. IT gives us pleasure to inform our friends that we have returned from our Philadelphia trip where we have been working solely in the interest ot our profession. Again we tender our services to our friends and the public generally, confident that with the lat est appliances and most improved in struments, with ajl other improvements, gathered regardless of exjiense or trou ble, we can do work as satisfactorily ami efficiently as can be done elsewhere. Marietta, <ia., March 5, 1878 Manning Barker. AND REPAIRERS. MARIETTA, GEORGIA, VRE now prepared to do all kinds of work in their line of business as cheap and as well as it ran he done any where. Buggies and Wagons made or repaired in the best style of workman ship, of the best material and on the most reasonable terms. Plantation work and repairing done cheaply and at short notice, and in a satisfactory manner. — Blacksmithing executed with despatch. X'ali and see ns at our Shops on Atlane. Ari l, nrnr (hr Ci i House, and give and we will ';mirantec p.nTrrt fHFf.it inn. up 3-1 y. Vilir Tnlnirni mill < igars.—-Tie- Xn. 1” and•• Red String.” live cent Kgar-: also, flue Chewing’l’ohareo, on mainland for sale hv B. It. Srim.vu. gMF' We are prepared, with new type, new presses, and good workmen, to do all kinds of Job Work, at short notiee. and at prL than the low*; uy • Aip-iuiltHral. I'i’nni thr At hill hi . Heavy yield of Oats. Ei.t.avili.e, Schley Go., (it. .June 15, ISIS. I had three acres—my oat patch—weighed, and one acre threshed out and measured up in the presence of some of my neigh hors. The acre, weighing 11.328 pounds, measured out 100 hush els, but there were 028 pounds in it belonging to another acre, which reduced the yield to 04j* bushels, l'lte second acre weigh ed 12,002 pounds, yielding, ac cording to the threshed acre 100 bushels; the third acre weighed 12.178 pounds, yielding 107 - bushels. The acre that would have yielded most bedded, and was fed in a green slate. The unmeasured acre was thought by many to have been as good as the first acre—the threshed one hut in tlie hurry of stacking, in view oi a rain, was not measured. I have more desire to be accurate than to make out a large yield, but I feel it would not be inaccu rate to state positively that the five acres would have measured out over 500 bushels of oats. My experience in this oat patch is(l) that too many cotton seed may put upon oats, causing them to bed; (2) that five bushels per a cie is seeding too heavily; and(3) that sowing the middle of Decem ber is too late for a very large yield. I sowed salt, scrapings out of my smokehouse, at the rate of 15 bushels per acre over one acre, with no perceptible benefit; also, over a half acre, 1 top dres sed with superphosphate, when about knee high, at 200 pounds per acre, with but little percepti ble benefit. The oats were sown late, and were barely up at Christinas, and suffered a good deal for rain after they headed out, cutting them off, I think, not less than 10 per cent. 1 plowed in with the oats at sowing 50 bushels of cotton seed per acre, and after the oats were up, I top dressed with 25 bushels of cot ton seed per acre. The cost oi produc tion is as follows: Per acre, 75 bu. cotton seed $7.50 Per acre, plowing in 1.00 Per acre, reaping 1.00 Per acre, seed oats, 5.00 $14.50 Rating them at one dollar per bushel, which they are probably worth in the sheaf and at home, the net profit is $85.50 per acre. Yours truly, .1. R. RESI*ASS. P. B.—There were probably not less than 50 bushels of oats nil gleaned on the field, left, for the hogs. They were so thick, and though the swath was very nar row, many were unavoidably bent down and left uncut and nn gathered by the binders. 1 purpose planting peas and plowing them under in Septem ber, at, which time and simulta neously with the plowing under, to sow rye at one bushel per a ere and grazing it off during win tor with my sheep. J. R. R. Wool as a Money Crop. In 1868, the wool product of | California was 15,000 pounds. In 1878, it is estimated at 60,000,000 pounds, which will net their own ers s2o,ooo,ooo—about as much as the groee income from the cot ton crop of Georgia. This wool j came from the hacks of 7.000.000 i sheep. Think of this, cotton growers of | Georgia ! You can still produce t J 500,000 bales of cotton, and keep j 5,000,000 sheep, which would not only yield a product nearly e qual in net value to th a gross val ue of your cotton crop, but would enrich your lands and supply your tables with the most deli cious meat in the world. We have an area of 37,000,000 acres of land. This would give t an average of a little more than ! seven acres to the sheep, w hile <A\P acre of good Bermuda sod •will support Jive sheep for eight to nine months in the year, ac cording to latitude. We imagine we hear you say, ••.VII thrs sounds very w ell on pa per, Imf it's no use to try to raise sheep—the dog- will kill them Call u mass meeting of discus this and Marietta, ((ieoruia,) Thursday, July 23, IBTB. * • other questions affecting tin* ma terial prosperity of the Stale, and instruct your members elect to the next Legislature to ust* their best efforts to secure the passage of a wise and .just -dog law.” N. Proper Pare of Sheep. Annually, at shearing time-nil cull my llock. and take out all ewes and lambs that are less per feet in form and lleece, or in any respect inferior, and place them with the mutton sheep, keeping to breed from none but the best. •*I give my llock good attention. They have access to an open shed and salt all the time. 1 change their grazing ground often, and endeavor to keep them in an If arm condition, a* that makes uniform wool. Any sudden change from a fat to a poor condition, and via verto e, strengthens or diminishes the fibre of the wool, frequently rendering the long wools value less as combing wool. If the sheep becomes poor when the fleece is about half grown, and then fat tened, the wool inevitably tells it, as at that point where the pov erty of tin* sheep was shown, so will it be shown in the wool, in* ing much weaker than the other portions of the fibre grown while the sheep was in good condition ; this same cause, as also any oth er cause from which they may have had fever, will cause them to shed their wool. 1 have heard it said that the feeding of corn to sheep made them shed their wool. No doubt it is true—as corn brought them rapidly from pover ty--to-"flesh—the sudden change causing the shedding of wool, which rightfully is attributed to the corn. *• 1 never breed in and in ; nev er use anything but mature rams. It is false economy to breed to a lamb, because lie can be bought for a few dollars less, and it is positive injury to the lamb. I never allow tin* owe lambs to be served by the ram until to run with the fall previous to two years old. I permit the ram to run with the ewes August to No vember. when be is taken from the ewes and lotted to himself; otherwise lambs would be coining at inopportune times. A ewe that loses her lamb in spring is apt to be served by the buck if lie has access to her, within a short time after such loss, which would cause her to drop a lamb in the fall, making it difficult to carry her and the lamb through the winter,with loss of lamb from her One ma ture ram to about fifty ewes, with a litlle grain twice a day, as his attention to the ewes prevent his grazing, and without extra feed, would cause him to decline in flesh and strength, and be les- a ble to perform hi- duties. In summer they graze upon my meadows and grass lots, destroy ing noxious weeds, briars, etc., in winter upon the winter grazing oat and feed only when the oats are too wet to graze, or the ground frozen; they are then removed to sod ground, and if necessary, fed hay or grain. In the spring of 1877, I sowed a field to clover; during the sum mer the weed was about to take possesion of it and smother out the clover. I cut it and cured it, and stored it away in the shed, salting it as I hauled it in ;up on this the sheep have principally fed this winter, preferring it to the best timothy hay. I market my mutton at home markets and iny wool in Boston. My flock averages about nine pounds each of fine combing wool, not surpas sed by any, and retains its fine ness of fibre and softness to the touch transmitted by the Marino. I sent samples of wool from sheep of my own breeding, and sam ples from imported Got-swold to Boston for comparison—the pre ference was given to that of my own breeding, it being equal to the imported in every respect, and superior in strength and/oic ness of fibre. I would prefer to market my wool at borne, hut from some cause there is too great a margin between the home and the Boston market. It costs me in commissions and freight, less than three cents per pound to market in Boston. “My ewes are now lambing, in which they have been heretofore very proficient. At one time 23 ewe. brought, consecutively. 17 lambs. 25 half twins and the 23d triplets. In 1877. 50 ewes raised 70 lambs. Since 1800 1 have re ceived for sheep and wool sold $3,074.00 I have now on hand 100 head which 1 could not repined bv purchase for 1.500.00 Value of llock and in crease from it . $5,474.00 1 have expended for breeding ewes and ranis. 557.00 Leaving a net profit for 12 years of . . . $4,800.5(1 or over 50 per cent, per annum upon the capital invested,suppo sing the same to have been inves ted at the beginning, while about one half of it lias lanDi invested in the past few years. 1 have said nothing as to the cost of keeping, or the benefits deriv ed from the sheep, but taking one fourth of the gross profits, which is about $1.50 per head per annum, without giving to the sheep any credit from them, which are many, and there is still left over 45 per cent, per annum for twelve consecutive years."— Col. ('atttthfvhi. Experiments with Wheat. At a meeting; of the New York Farmers' Club, the following ex periments with wheat were read: .1. L Perkins, of Little Sioux, Indiana, an advocate for progres sive farming and thorough culti vation, communicated by letter an experiment with wheat. He said: * k The yield oi wheat is from live to fifteen bushels from one bushel sowed, or from ten to thir ty bushels per acre. But this is by no means the begst that is pus sible. Here is an experiment on a small scale: Having obtained a sample of wheat of small amount and wishing to gel from it all that was possible. 1 pulverized the soil thoroughly, but not deep, marked the rows one foot apart, and plan ted the grain also at one foot in the rows, a single kernel in a place; the result was: when liar led, he counted, in one instance, 85 well developed heads from a single kernel, some of them meas uring 7.1 inches in length, and one head containing 95 kernels. The cultivation was thorough, making the yield over 100 bushels per acre for the ground occupied.— Now, supposing that each grain had done as well as the one men tinned, the result would have been 8,000 bushels from one bush el of the seed. These figures are startling, and I do not know as such a yield will ever be obtain ed.“ Bui he claimed that such a result is not impossible; and he is also confident that by systema tic cultivation the quality of our grain can he greatly improved. Conrad Wilson said that the ob ject of Mr. Perkins in this experi ment was to get the best attaina ble result of wheat from a very limited amount of seed. For this purpose lie pulverized the ground thoroughly, hut not • deep, and planted the grain twelve inches apart each way. It was thorough ly cultivated during its growth, and the result was well worth re cording. Il showed clearly the great fact (often corroborated by other farmers) that the cultiva tion of wheat invariably increas es not only the number of heads from each grain, blit the kernels also in each head and of course the yield per acre. Some of the heads were nearly eight inches in length. In one instance he coun ted eighty-five perfect heads from a single grain, and in one head ninety five kernels, while tjie yield per acre was at the rate of over 100 bushels. But Mr. Perkins, though doubt less correct in the actual facts and figures reported, is certainly mis taken in li is inference. He has not proved the possibility of 8,075 bushels from one bushel of seed. This is simply an oversight in his computation, ft i< not sufficient to show that one seed gave eigh ty five heads and that one of the heads yielded ninety five grains, lie mu-t go far beyond that, and show by actual count that every one of the eighty-five heads con tained ninety five grains. As he has not done this, it is important t> make the correct ion, for many a vainable experiment has been i damaged by oversights like this. The experiment is good enough as it stands, without including] this error, and Mr. Perkins may well be satisfied with the yield he has shown to be possible. His success in this case will tend to animate other farmers in the same direction. As the wheat crop is just now a subject of unusual interest Mr. Wilson briefly referred to a few other successful results: Mr. .1. M. Helges, of York county, Pa., was one of the earliest advocates in this country of cultivating wheat with the hoe. By the com i moil method he got twenty-three bushels per acre ; but on drilling eight inches apart and hoeing carefully, he obtained the results • ranging from forty-eight bushels per acre up to seventy one Imp els. In addition to a number of yields (lately mentioned) by .las Miller and others ranging from fifty bushels and upwards might lie cited here, and the product of fifty bushels reported to t he.! mer lean Cultivator by Henry Pour us attributed mainly to liberal man uring. The yield from eleven eonligu ous acres obtained by ,1. L. (Javin, of Indiana, averaging 49 bushels per acre, is note worthy, as show ing that large yields are not eon fined to small areas. A yield ve ry nearly equal to this on a field of twenty seven acres by ,1. K. Richards, of Ohio, is another evi dence of the same fact, as was al so Andrew Smith’s average of 54 bushels from fifteen acres of the Clawson variety. The rule of 55 bushels per acre by W. C. French of Berkshire county, Massacim setts, though on a much smaller area, showed the importance of thorough treatment as well as the prolific value of flu* Clawson wheat. The crop of G. S. 1., as given in the Ohio Farmer, was 65 bushels from one acre. Mr. G. Sinclair, of Woburn, England, obtained some years ago, in a se ries of trials with salt and animal dung, from 71 to 95 bushels per acre. Another English farmer, John Morfon, in a trial with dif ferent varieties of wheal, obtain ed on limited acres an average of 71 bushels per acre, the highest being 82bushels. Major llallett, of the Midland Farmers’Club, got from five pints of wheat, planted 12 inches apart each way, over 1.000,000 heads on one acre of ground, showing an average of 23 heads from each grain planted. He found that 20 heads to a square foot, containing 48 grains each, would give 88 bushels per acre. In one experiment, by planting single seeds nine inches apart each way, his result was at the rate of 108 bushels per acre. It appears then, that Mr. Perkins is not very far behind Major llallet in the result of his wheat experi ment, and it should also be re membered to liis credit that lie was one of the leading champions in the potato cwmpetit ion inaugu rated by Messrs. Bliss. lit conclusion, Mr. Wilson said to this enterprising farmer that there are a few very simple for mulas for experiments in wheat, which, if well tried this coming year, will greatly increase his chance, and in fact make him cer tain of maximum resultft for ei ,J| suing years. If, then, he and o' or farmers will set. this ball t*J in motion in their state, it will not stop at state lines, but will gene rate by its example an expanding series of such experiments, and thus the great leader of our hus bandry at Washington will even tually discover that wheat, corn and potatoes are not only more possible and more remunerative to American farmers, but infinite ly more important to the nation than some of the visionary pro jects that now monopolize atten tion. When this discovery is made, the commissioner will doubtless consult the wishes of the great army of producers by inaugu rat ing a grand national system of farming experiments. The subject of deep and shallow ploughing having been brought up, Mr. Wilson said to all advo cates of any one line of plough ing, that it is impossible to lay down a rule for any crop. The depth of ploughing depends upon not only the two essential condi tions laid down by nature—the character of the surface soils, but [Su bsciipti<m,*Bl AMjf irtamxdihers too 'report. The problem. bir !i nw shallop to p| ( ,ugM?^l ; Elia! can bo settled *uil\ indent. Wages in OermnS|l|| Bmm* reports on labor go- in (lormany recently jHH ed at the State Depart mir Consul at Harmon low as wages in thi- count r\Bj itlioy arc Hourly double wkJflß paid for tjio same kind that country. Tin* ''al(jß§§§ farm labor \aiio- llttkyHsog ila\ In 'll I Cent- a ifl 1 : *1 vailing in somo part*., at Barmen, ('refold and’* rfmjß dorf; mechanics, such as tors, plumbers, machinists wagonsmiths earn 51 to a day ; saddlers and 17 to cents ; bakers aiJBEfl ers, with board and to $2.14 a week; railroad lanflHl s<> to 83 cents a day; silk wee K $2.15 to $2.85 a week; fqefl women, $2.15 and children 'sl week. These prices are far b tin* average. In good bre SO per cent, higher, low rates are a sign of that reigns through the tnufl Another fact to he stated is tfl the cost of living is higher, tB it was a few years A man with his 3 children can live sort of wav for for a lai iI \ of six is $7 a week, ami' _ required that all l’Jib* the family shall tries are depressed. '■\"(.‘jJH§|| silk and butter maniil’BHA and lad ones gem* rail v a loss. No such hard times as * presented prevail in this e,.,. V There is, indeed, a great scat ■ of employment and there 1 many thousands of mechanics a farm laborers out ofAtu-k ; bv tin* of lij^fk^dmf lims presence ol tile in tin- W est now I• *.H Net only are tin* \1!;' tin- country li ft y per < than in Germany, bi |( amount of money wi\ '] half as much more t ii. ' ", 1 tf? St. fouie Hr publican. >'^J| Kuril I Brevities. /‘*JB Many farmers in JndiniiiJt planted from four to six v,,.! each in artichokes for hogs. Vi Rice culture in Louisiana employment to 30,000 peopuS There are 1,200 rice pro luction from wlnV'nJpP an average yearly sum mien, t million dollars. „ _ g Anew kind of made it*, appearance inl^Kiar 11 j diet greater dcs.ijUj'j^HHHH than from the Av Goloradn beetle. J M,}-i>*|. NoiS As soon as the upper porfP’B the straw of the cereals bc-''V yellow, no further increase } il m place in the weight of tin* If the grain lx* not cut aflci the appearance of tlii-r its quality deteriorates a HJB weiui-* 'Mninislie-. i . Wrd ■ s, , , - I- Yi charcoal ■ d 1 wiM I "A® i- tluMicce-.-il v v 'he /fy .r,Wh\- p Wy - i..Xg ’"‘{.f 1 *.,,„]? lowtfv® <le c.ili- it gn*edilv fJl| Ld proved color of the,.., con -<"in -how- it> w liolesonn^BS/^ < )ver 2.000 farmers reported as haviii'-organizelW sugar lieet culture. ThanO The American agricu plements at the Paris 1. arc pronounced by I aI - unrivalled in i.iiru-ii^^H A nuinber of butel "' vi - ion dealer- in l.ivt land, have elubb(*d 1 an experimental ini'an live hogs from tiii- coiof have purchased a iiad In-r lilted for tin* a;BBB dal ton of 2500 hog- 1 wmHni deck-, beside- a laigt cat tle on t lie main dec, V ■ vent lire t urns out ,velL A . t( ‘ jiose to establish a learner- for t bis businlWspff| itie have been and * , iicJß” ' • M