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whole robject, with our corespondenee, end ebeerfiilfy xecotnmeftd them to take such ac tion, u will enable my successor to bring the matter to a final termination. I entertain so doubt bat the Legislature will promptly dp so.” * It Is proper to observe that the Governor of Florida, although content with its terminal points, is of the opinion that the present rec ognised line is imperfectly surveyed and marked and crooked. All that his proposi tion contemplates* besides agreeing to tho terminal points, is that, that line shall be re surveyed and re marked, provided it shall he shown by either party {that it is imper fect. If true, it is the interest of both Btutes, that the line should be correctly run, And well defined ; and as Georgia ia acting en tirely on the defenmve.not wishing to enlarge her territory’ at the expense of Florida, I “ promptly accepted the proposed basis of set tlement and respectfully submit the same for your favorable conaideration. It is but jus tice to say, that throughout the eutirq,corres pondence, the Governor of Florida exhibited the tnoet amicable spirit and the utmost re spect for the feelings and rights of this State, all of which waa moat cordially reciprocated •n iny part. Without entering into the argument, I re new the recommendation, for a Geological survey of the State, so imperatively demand ed by its vest undeveloped agricultural and mineral resources. The expense of such a work ia absolutely Insignificant, compar ed with Its beneficial results. , k Will the Legislature continue to refusfe encouragement for the improvement of the soil? Shall we never see the day, when science shall direct tlio enterprise of the husbandman, and ex plore tbe treasures of our mountains. The necessity of revising and amending Mifiria laws, so as to render them efficient, for the purpose designed’has so often been presented to the General Assembly, without eliciting favorable action, Mist I feel as if I am obtruding upon your consideration an un welcome theme, by renewing the subject. But such, in tbe judgement of tbe Executive ia tbe maguitude Jana importance of the ob ject, that l venture again to invite special at tention to It.. The Military power is the sight arm of the government. We depend upon it to enforce the civil laws of the land, if resisted by numbers sufficient to require its interposition, to crush insurrection and re pel invasion. A standing army is repugnant to the character of our ‘government, and therefore a citizen soldiery is our only reli ance, for all the emergencies, which may call for the employment of military force. Are *>ur liberties worth preserving J Are our civ il rights end institutions, sufficiently valuable to be maintained and defended t Ours be ing themnly government on earth, that rec ognises the equality and sovereignty of the people, it is despised by despots who watch with [hopeful anxiety, the opportunity for successful assault, and with evident gratifica tion, every symptom of fatal discord. Caii it he expected then, that we aro to enjoy a per petual reign of peace and that our career to froatneaa and renown will.be unimpeded by ay the shock and calamities of war. Our territory stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from Lake Superior to the Gulf •f Mexico. Our population is increasing with unexampled rapidity, our interests ore diversified and conflicting, the socinl institu tions of the South differ from those of the North, and they are relentlessly assailed by tbo Abolitionists, whose policy, if triumphant will drive us from the Union, or to the more terrible degradation of submission to their aggressions. Shall we lie supinely up on our backs and “hug the delusive phuutoin of peace aud fraternity? Shall we make no-preparation, for self defence and self nrm serration, when every year brings -nearer W to our doors the assassin and incendiary 1 I am sufficiently hopeful of the future. I would uot sketch exagernted pictures of our prospect. 1 would not too readily anticipate the lun-rert of the storm and the tempest. Rut if history he true, the past leads us to expect difficulties, and the voice of patriotism aud sadm admonishes us to prepare tor rliem. Kven now our political horisou is drap ed in clouds and the deep inutterings 7 of dis content are heard, from one extreme to the •ther of the Uuion. Sooner than we suppose we may be forced to defend our rights and Lopor by the cournge of our people and the strength of our arms. Are we ready 1 On the contrary, we have almost no organised military force. Our militia laws are dis charged. Scarcely a district in the State is properly officered. Our people are unarmed and untanght in the art of war The effec tive military strength of the State is not and cannot be ascertained under existing laws. 1 resyecluUy submit to Legislature, whether this State of things might to be permitted longer to exist I Is it compatible with the honor and dignity of the State? Is it not fearfully hasardoua to our safety within and from without ? Is it not, in truth, an invi tntiou for aggression f What is the remedy ; Wo must have a thorough militia reorganiza tion, with such regulations, as will render the system capable of being enforced. Wb must have a sufficient number of men trained ip military tactics to officer the forces of the State. The Georgia military institute {* hose report is herewith submitted,) is rap idly supplying this*.desideratum, and there fore, it should balustered by the-legislature ‘ with the utmost liberality. We ought to have a well organised and drilled volunteer corp* in every county in the State: and there fore the formation of companies should be encouraged. This may be effectually done, hy exempting from military duty, except m time of war, invasion or insurrection, all between the ages pf eighteen and forty-five years, who may have served for seven years continuously, in any company. The military spirit should be fostered. This may bo done hy raising and setting a part a fund to defray the expenses of an annual military encamp ment, at such time and place as the Com _ mander m-clrfeif may order. Such convoca tion will give uniformity in drill secure the ” enforcement of discipline, cultivate frater nal.’ fleeing among the corps and in some de gree, inure them to the usages and hardships of the field. Such a fund as may be requir ed for the purposoepn be raised hy substitu ting a small commutation tax, in lieu 6f actual military duty, in time of peace, at the option of the cirisen. Our people, liable to Nee, ought to bo furnish raiu to rely upon the the General Govern s Congress, for arming ted States Tbo sup ie ind equate to furnish *n ponies scattered over tic Legislature should either make an annual appropriation for this purpose or establish an Aruiony, for tho manufacture of arms. Tbe lntter.it is be lieved, will prove the more efficient, and in end, the more economical. 1. earnestly in voke your favorable consideration of this im portant branch of tho public service. It is needless to adduce argument, to con vince intcligent men of educational wants of Georgia,- It is ‘den. onstrated by the foot that there are many thousand adults, in our midst who can neither read nor write and many poor children who must be forever de barred the blessings of education in conse quence of the 1 poverty of their parents; by the great delieiancy of teachers to supply the demand in almosfcvery section of the State : by the character of our political institutions, which are baaed upon tho assumed capacity of the people for seif government; by tho fact, that too many of our children are sent to distant States for education, where they are liable to imbibe doctrines hostile to our peculiar social organization,and arc surround ed by influences calculated to impart an anti Southern tone to their sentiments and feel ings! by the crime that burdens our crimin al dockets, and leaves its thousands of tribute upon the earnings of honest industry, to support paupers mid prisons; by the violence and corruption that desecrate the ballot box, at all our popular elections: by the exhaus tions of theaiiiL under a syslem of Agricul ture that glories in excluding the application of scientific principles I am aware that edu cation, to be effective, roust command the zeal and appreciative energies of tbe parents of each succeeding generation. I Bin equal ly aware, that tbe establishment of any gen eral scheme, will require in the end, a large expenditure of money. But as it may not be ncconiplislicdvin n day or n year, so the entire amount need not be appropriated at once. It must be a work of time, and ifh fruits gathered through successful years ol patience and toll. But shall this be an ar gument for nostponihg indefinitely its com mencement 1 Is it not rather an incentive to speedy action,stimulated by the promptings of patriotism ?. But the ob ligation of the legislature rests upon speeinl grounds. The Constitution is mandatory. Amticlk IV. Hut ion XIII, declares that “ Tbe arts and sciences shall be promoted, in the establishment ot one or more seminaries of learning, and the Legislature ahull, as soon ns conveniently may he,give such futtli er donotions and privclidgos to those al ready cstalislicd, as may be necessary to se-“ euro the objects of their institutions ; and it ahull be the duty of the General Assembly, at their next scssioit (that isV tbe next session after tbe adoption of the constitution) to provide effectual means for the improvement and permanent security of the funds and en dowments of such institutions.” What lias been done to carry into effect this clause of ynur Constitution! How little? Irvins re ference mainly to the State University,which had been chartered in 1785. Hence it is ob vious, that it is the sirorn duty of tbe Gen eral Assembly, to place our State University upon tbe footing contemplated by its wise and patriotic founders, or, in other words, “ give it such donations and priviledges as may be nccessury to secure the objects of its institution.” Indeed the wliolo subject of education is confided to the General Assem bly, with the positive injunction to such ac. tien as may bo proper to supply tbe wants of the State. The contracted policy which is ever standing at the door of the Treasury, with a “flaming two-edged sword, is but little better than moral treason to the Constitution, which, for more than half a century, has been plending for conformity_on the part <}f those, who swear to, obey. Education is tlio friend of tho State. It wfill elevate - tho people.. It will diminish crimyand tho expense of ex cuting tho laws. It will prize out the poor from the-miro into which innocent poverty has sank them, and place them on nn inttel lpctiml equality with tho favored sons of tor ture. It will dig from, the mine many nn un polished gem, to glitter in the crown of cul tivated society. It will stimulate enterprise nnd direct its energies to profitable objects. It will dignify labor, (and open new channels for capital. It will disinter the mines of wealth of the State, and add millions to the productions of Agriculture. It’ will bring into tlie gold of science an array of mind that will adorn our escutcheon nnd dazzle tlie world by its nclielvomonts. In n word, Georgia must foil of her groat mission, witli ourtlie adoption of a wise nnd corn predion sivo educational policy f~ Away, thou, with that narrow stinginess which begrudge* a dollars, cause, while it is often wasteful “of thousands is upon objects that possess little or no merit. *Go forward boldly, thinly, liberal ly,- to meet tlio wants of the Stale. Ad just your seheme to-the character of our pop uTation. Apply to tlie task your wisest de liberations. Impart to it the element of self vindication and self support. Make it simple, in its details, and dependent, for its success and growth, upon tho voluntary sup port of the people. Can such a system of Common School ed ucation be devised 1 What lias been accom plished in other States can be done here. Upon so delicato'* and difficult’a subject, I present the outline of a plan witli diffidence. But I make tlie venture, for what it i~wortli, hoping that it mny.at least, prove suggestive of something better. 1. Authorise each comity, at its option,, to be divided into Common School Districts, of such dimensions that children can wnlk from their several boundaries to tho school bouse to be located in the centres. 2. eacli District be clothed with tlie poiver of self-taxation, and tlio • appointment of a Treasurer. 3. Let each District, by public meeting annually to be held, declare what sum they are willing to raise for Common School pur poses therein, to be collected by taxation, or tlie State Tax ia now collected by law, and to be paid over to the District Treasurer. 4. Upon the Report of tho District Trea surer to the Executive, of the amount actu ally collected, let the Governor be authorised to dra w liis warrant on the Stato Treasury, for a like sum to be paid to tlio said District Treasurer, which together with the money thus collected by voluntary Taxation, shall constitute a Common School fund for such District for the year, for which it may be in tended. 5. Let tho Common School District Trea surer be reqlred to give bond and security, under the approval of the Inferior Court of the county,* for the faithful application of the fund, and to make annual returns to the In* icrior Court, on the first Monday in January, in each year, accompanied with vouchers for In* disbursements* v „ The advantages of this plan are palpable. First, it is simple j secondly.it addresses it self to the voluntary action of the peoplo of each District. If they wish a school they 1 can have it; if they do not, it will not lie forced upon them. Thirdly, this appeal to the voluntary principle, will beget thought and debate, ho that, if rejected at first, truth will finally prevail, and the system be adopt ed, It will therefore prove to be a growing self-vindicating, self sustaining system. — Fourthly.it meets the objection which is so formble.tbat in some sections,tho population ia so sparse, that the Common School system |is impracticable. It is intended to operate on ly where there are inliabitants.and even then, alone upon the condition, that they are will ing and ready to do tlieir part towards it. Lastly, the abscence of (school pi iv Hedges will no longer deter immigration, to destitute regions. This plan will invite immigration, and thus soon fill up the uninhabited Dis tricts. It may be though, that the adoption of such a system will, at once, create a demand for money which the State Treasury connot meet. That it will require a considerable sum of money is obyious; but not so much as to dotor from the experiment. It will not be adopted in every county of the State, at first—murhjlcss by every school District. Many will not have -the “population ; many will reject 4t, for years, until they have dis cussed it thoroughly, and risen to a proper appreciation of” education"; many, more eith er from inability or disinclination,will impose on themselves a vory light tax. Therefore the amount called for, from the State Trea sury, will, in the infancy k of the system, be comparatively small. Besides, in t his parti cular from, it need-no{ bn perpetual VV lion it shall have diffused population and tbe blessings of-educatiou over the State, it can be modified as experience may show to be necessary. Tbe great desideratum, for the present, is to arouse our people to tbe impor tance of tho subject. Wlieii this shall havo been accomplished,they will not stop to weigh dollars and cents against education. But this, nor any other system of educa- be canled into effect,without a vast increase of tbe crops of teachers. How can the requisite number be supplied A Xba mode is simple, if tbe Legislature wrill re spond to the promptings of a liberal spirit. We have several denominational Coledges in Georgia founded by private enterprise. Why should not the Legislature endow an Agricultural Professorship, in one of eacn denomination,, upon the condition, that it will educate gratuitously, a specified number of young men in each Congressional District, to he selected as the Legislature may direct who shall pledge themselves to teach a given number of years, after their graduation, in the District from which they were selected ? This will rapidly supply’ educated teachers,na tive born, and ’sympathising with Southern interests.and institutions. As an nd ‘itional means of obtaining native teachers, let tho State educate, at iier own expense, in the State Universty, one young nian , from eacli county of tho State, to be chosen by tho I inferior court thereof, and to be pledged to teach a given number of,,years, in the county from which bo shall have been chosen. This will Very soon supply the de ficiency, and render us independent of those itinerant adventures from other States, who aic too often hostile to our peculiar institu tions. „ ~~~~~ But onr ncccessities do not stop hero. We need a University proper. Such, its founders designed our Statu Colego to be ; and the Constitution, ns I have shown, has made it obligatory on the General Assembly to ear ly that design into effect. When young inen'havo been graduated, whither can they resort, jf they desire to pursue a course of study, in the advanced sciences? Finding “no suitable institutions, for such purposes, at home, they are-compelled to go abroad, or to abandon their high and laudable aspira tions. The consequence is, that, most of nur educated men, greatly to the detriment of the Commonwealth, plunge into politics, as the only path to distinction, or permit their culti vated powers to rust in inglorious case. That this, or some other scheme, for the object indicated, should bo adopted, is obvi ous to all who reflect upon the, educational wants of the State*.. Indeed attempts demon strate tlie hold which the subject has upon the public mind. It seems, however, that they have all been baffled by the idea, that the pecuniary means cannot be. furnished. But this difficulty will vanish from the mind, if the resources and increasing wealth ot tlio State be duly estimated. Asa Gcnr gain I am proud to believe whatever she dare atleiup tlio object be worthy of her renown, and within tbe competency of patriotic en- Toucliing our. Federal relations, the Ex cutive-is in possessession cf no information, that does not meet the eye of every close ob server of passing events. We have no indi cation of any abate ment of abolition hostili ty to the institution of southern slavery. The signs of tlio times forebode the same excitements for the future, which lias disturb ed tlio harmony of the Union, for the last twenty-five - years. Reckoning Delaware, which we may safctly do, as virtually a non slavebolding State the equlibrium between the North aiid the South, in the Senate of of tlio United States, is already perrnantly destroyed. This inequality will be increased by the accession of the many new States to be formed, in quick succession, from the public domain. Wlwit then is tho future, security of tbe South ? It is scarcely to be hoped for, in the Constitutional guaranties which the Sonth lias a right to claim, fur the Frco Soil sentiment, already in the as cendency, and totally regardless of Consti tutional obligations, will be still more po tent and madened into more intolerable in solence, by the consciousness of power’ It is, therefore, a painful truth that, in the present aspect of affairs, our surest ground ofisecurity is to be found a political organiza tion, who, for the sake of the Union* will re spect our rights. Sucli an organization now exists. It is composed of tho South and a largo portion.of the people of the who, whilst a majority of t liem differ from us on the abstract question of slavery, yet co operate witli us, in the inaintaitig onr rights. So long as it can be preserve it* ascendency, we may expect security. IlUt how fickle and unstable is such reliance! llow humil iating. to feel that tho C? nst| tution, in its purity, has ceased to be the bulwark of our safety! It ia lroping almost againut hope, to expect such an organization to'stand against the growing strength of Abolition fana ticism. Oar fricuas in the non-slaveholding States are anunuaPy becoming’ weaker, ana, in view of the large number of non slave holding States which must be carved out of the territories, they must inevitably fall, at last, and Rave the South, in a majority, fight her own battles. . Who can say how soon these events may not be precipitated upon us? Fanaticism, like the tide* of the. Ocean, riever rcst; but, unlike the tides of the Ocean, it never ebbs. It will roll on to triumph, unless it be baffled by a united Sooth, resolved to preserve her die in the struggle. Let such unanimity be encouraged and promoted. As for Georgia she has taken her position. We will plead the Constitution, as long as there is hope ; we will co-operate with our Northern friends a* long as, by such organisation, we pre serve our rights ; we will cling to the Union, as it shall shelter us from aggression. But if all these fail, and .we bo compelled to choose between dishonor, and the alternative of the “ Georgia Platform,” we will face the storm, with the unflinching firmness of the martyr’s courage. In closing this communication, and retire ing from the Executive office, 1 avail, my of the occasion to express my unfeigned gratitude for tlio confidence reposed ow me by the people of Georgia. ’That I may have comitted frrors.l readlv admit; but con scious of having endeavored to discharge my duties faithfuly, I cheerfully commit any ad ministration” to the verdict of impartial his tory., and earnestly invoke Heaven’s richest blessing upon my native State. HERSCIIEL V% JOHNSON. Gov, Brown's Inaugural Address, St not or a and Representatives .- ! In obedience to the popular will of our bc ! loved State, I appear beforeyop for the pur pose qf entering upon tlife discharge of tbe | duties of the Executive office. It is a pecu liarity of onr form of government that no one can claim-io rule by hereditary right. And ! it is its chief excellence that the people alone I are sovereign, while the highest officer in the j State is bnt their agent to carry iuto effect their will. In the race for honor and prefer ment, all are alike eligiblo; industry, integri ty, virtue and. ability being the principal, [qualifications looked to by an enlightened public opinion. The generous and intelli- I gent peogle of Georgia Wave entrusted to you i and me, tbe management of their most im- I portent public affairs for tho next two years. In entering togetlmg upon the execution of ! this important and indicate trust, you will 1 pardon mo for reminding you of the necessity of calm and dignified deliberation, wise and .just counsels,together with united and frater nal feelings, forgetting, for the time, party strifes and party prejudices,and looking alone • to the advancement of our great public inter ests. And I most earnestly invoke your mji ■j ted support in my efforts to execute the law, j | advance the interest, niantain the dignity and ! vindicate the honor of our great and grow , ing State.- Great is the extent of her terito ry, the fertility of her soil, the variety of her ■ products, her mineral wealth, her internal improvements,her commercial,mannfacturiiig, mcchanicle, and agricultural interests;’ but above all in the energy', intcligenco.and pa triotism of her people. By tbe tintiriug energy and enterprise of our citizens, those sections of our State most remote from each other, arc being fast uni | tecTliy rail-roads and telegraphs ; while space ! is being almost annihilated, and the” people of j the seaboard and tbe mountains are becom- j j ing neighbors as well as fellow-citizens, j. Without disparaging private effort or pri- j vato energy, tho Western & Atlantic Rail road, built by the State, may with propriety j be said to be tlio proudest monument of Geor |gia enterprise. liy its construction she has | taken into her own bands the key to tlieuioiiur j tains, and has unlocked to our Atlantic const’ j the rich frcstires of the great West. The j benefits to Georgia from the construction of ! the Road have been immense and-are contin ually increaseing;while to the Cherokee sec- j tion they’ are almost beyond calculation. By’ the enterprise of her citizens, and tire assis tancc ofithe Road, Cherokee lms, in a few ] years, converted from a wild uncultiva ted region, into one of tlio most interesting : and prosperous sections of our State, The 1 result does lionoG’fo the far-seeing states manship of those who planned this noble’ : work. The example is worthy of imitation, I aiid in my judgement the Legislature taking ] | care that tlie-Stato is amply secured, beyond \ j the possibility of a doubt, should not hesitate ito extend that aid, which is necessary for the developement of other sections. As an example,what Georgian would not feel proud to see our beautiful commercial emporium connected by mil-road with our South VVes-i tern border and-tlieGulf of Mexico; there- ] by developing the great sea-port and South- | Western portion of our State; and causing much which is now a wildernesft to bloom like ! tine rose, and to teem with the rich products pf the fertile soil of this beautiful and interes (tirtg section. ’ But in the development, of the resources of our State, we must not forget the develop ment'of the mind. The perpetuity and pros perity of our beloved institutions depend upon tbq virtue and intcligence of onr people. And it will be a proud day for Georgia when her Colleges shall have been more liberally 1 endowed and patronized ; and when she shall have established a common scTfool system and provided the means for the education of jjvcry son and daughter in the State. Many a little bright-eyed boy r , the inmate of the humblest dwelling, from one extreme portion of our Stato to the other, endowed with all tlio noble qualities, of bead and heart, necessary to make him an ortAi ] ment of the age in which lie lives, is grow ing up without the moans of a common edu cation, and without promise qf future useful ness. Afford him the means of an education j and he may one day step forward the must ! gallant leader of our armies in the field. I I must not overlook another subject which is regarded by onr people as one of vital importance. I refer to tbe question of the proper disposition to bo made of the Wes tern Atlantic]Rail-road.j Whether it should -remaiu the ‘property of tlio State, and be managed under tho- direction of the Execu tive ; or We tnken out of the hands of tbe Executive, and managed by a board of Com missioners ; or whether the State should lease it-lq a Company, for a term of years, or sell the whole, or a part of it ? are questions up ]on which our wisest and best men do not j agree; and are in my opinion, proper for [ your calm and careful consideration. Should the Legislature pass a bill for the sale of the Road after guarding the details of j tbe contract af sala.so as to protect the inter eet tff the people, I gee nd wfficient reason 1 why it should not receive the Executive j sanction. The points which I consider most j material to be guarded, are the following ; | Ist. That the -money received tor the Road be protected from expenditure by has ty improvident legislation. This could be done by an alteration of the Constitution, thereby declaring before the Road is sold, what disposition shall be made of the money in the event of a sale. Let the Constitution provide that our public debt shall first be paid out of the proceeds of the sale of the Road, that a reasonable amount be next set apart as a permanent common school fund for the education of the children of the State,and if their be a it bo‘used in devel oping” such sections of the State as most need assistance, or in such other way as prudence and wisdom may dictate. In this way wo place the jbuwark of the Constitution be tween the money and the law making power, thereby preventing extravagant appropria tions, and place tbe balance of tbe money which may hereafter arise from the sald'of the Road after the payment of our debt,at inter est for tbe education and benefit of our peo ple for all time to come. 2d. Tbe Road ought not to be sacrificed or gold for less than its full market value. 3d. Tbe question of freight should be so guarded in tho contract of sale that the Road could not be made an engine of oppression upon the -people in future. I am aware that competition will regulate freights as well as trade, while there can be competition ; but there can bo no controlling competition here owing to the peculiar location of the Road ; and the fact that the company purchasing would doubtless require an obligation from the State that she would not charter any Road within such distance as to interfere with their interest. Let the State in the con tfact'Bf saleretaTh tfiS’ power to regulate tTi'e freights, or compel the company to regulate them by some just and reasonable standard. Otherwise we shall have created in our midst not only a powerful, but an irrespon sible monopoly. 4th. That the preference in the purchase of the stock be given to the people of Georgia whose labor and money have built the Road Let books be opened in every county in the State on tbe same day. giving every citizen an opportunity to purchase the stock, and prohibiting any welthy capitalist from taking more than a reasonable amount, to be fixed by tbe Legislature, till all have had a fair opportunity ,to subscribe. ’This gives the man of means, to purchase but a sirgle share, a fair clianco if be choo .es to do so. In my judgement the stock of the Road in the hands of a private company would be the best paying stock in Georgia. I thus conclude from tiie fact, that the in crease in tire freights and travel of the lloa 1 and the consequent increases in its value Vi thin the last few years have been immense and must continue-to enlarge as the other great Western Roads are built, connecting our Road with the Ohio Stiver,, 4iid those rich valleys of the West, IPf yet traversed by Rail Road, as it lias lately bceiri connec ted with the Missippi llivcr. And from the furthur fact that our Road is the main trunk connecting the great fey stem of Rail Roads in Georgia, with the Roads in Tennessee, Kentucky, and other portions of the West If these ca'n do a paying business, 1 see no good i%ason why the stock or a Road, which connects them off, and ovei which much of the travel and freight must pass, should not piove to-be very valuable. Entertaining these views I could not consent to see any company of Northern or Foreign Capitalists snatch so rich a prize out of onfpeople with out first giving them an opportunity to; avail then selves of its benefits. As tbe Represen tative of the people, should yon after mature deliberation deem it unwiseat present eith er to sell or lease the Road, and yon also, re fuse .to relieve the Executive of the responsi bility ofi-i-fo’ management. I can only say that I shall enter upon the discharge of the unpleasant duties imposed, with a fixed de termination to do all in my power to make it a source of revenue to the State.; occasional ly overlooking its affairs in person and hold ing each () til cor under ray control to a strict accountability for the faithful discharge of the duties incumbent upon him. And in view of the commercial crisis which we have just entered, and which tin-ea ten so much distress to our people I would respeefully but earnestly. recommend the passage of an act authorizing the application of the net earnings of the Road for the next t wo-ycars at least to the reduction of the taxes of tho people, Except such parts of the net earnings as may be necessary for the payment of tbe sums anunlly due to cred itors,on account of the present indebtedniss of the Road. It is confidently believed that a sufficient Rum Ought finis lie.realized notwith standing the commercial pressure which will much reduce tlic gross income of the Road, greatly to lessen the taxes, and afford much relief to the people, at a time when the pay ment of the taxes would otherwise hear bev ily upon them. In the midst of a high state of commercial prosperity', with abundant crops, and a bright prospect for the future, the country is suden ly shocked by an almost general bank sus pension, causing distrust and depression in nil our commercial affairs. It is to be scared that much of the blame is properly attributed to our Banking institutions, for having in a wild spirit of.speculation, extended their paper cir culation beyond the limits authorized byjjur legislature, and by the ♦sound principles of Banking,which requireathem -promptly to re* deem their circulation in specie, when preggn ted. Jf.thi* be so with any of our Banks, while they may be the cause of much public calamity they are certainly not tho proper object of public sympathy. You gentlemen, are the representative* of the people*, and it is for yau to consider what constitutional remedy you may have it in your power to apply. The fault lie* not with you : it lies not with the honest masses of tbe people. The disease to’the body politic may bo said to bo almost a desperate one and,with a view to future.it may be better to submit for a time, to a desperate remedy in tho hope that it may be a permanent one. Tho law, as it now stands, has provided Abe penalty fora bank suspension. The dyties of the Executive are plain and simple. I shall not shrink From the discharge of those duties. I consider the law imperative. And on being informed, npon such legal evidence as the statute contemplates, that any chartered Bank in Georgia suspend specie payment, I shall order proceedings for the forfeiture of its charter.’ In case of proceedings against the Bank, the bill holders yould be nono the less secure a the assets of the Bank would he placed in the hands of a Receiver, and converted into money, and applied in payment of the debt lof the Bauk. This would do much to pro tect tho'country in future against similar re verses, caused by wild speculation, and over issues by our banking institutions. As regards our Federal relations, I need only say, that the people of Georgia have again indorsed and approved the groat prin ciples of nonintervention Contained in the Kansq|-Nebraska Bill; and I doubt not they will continue to insist fli.it these principle* , be carried into practical operation in good faith, without violation on the part of the Federal Government, or any branch thereof, j While our people will condemn no one un heard, and while they will stand firmly by those noble patriots in the Northern State*,, who stand by those great fundamental prin ciples, they will not withhold* their condem nation from any one who wilfully disregard* or violates tliem. Georgia demands nnuglit bnt her constitu tional right* and equality in the Union, and while her sons have stout heifrts and strong armes, Georgia will be content with nothing less. Knowing no sorth, no South, uo East, no West,*be will embrace with fraternal aff ection nil who stand by the Constitution and Union of our fathers. But she will bid proud defiance to all who attempt to force upon her the one without the*other. In the Convention of 1850, while acknowl edgeing tier veneration for the Constitution and the Union under the’ most solem act of a sovereign State, she lias laid down her plat form containing her ultimatum, and ha* said to the aggressions of Northern fanaticism tbna Jar canst thou come, and no farther. By her subsequent legislation she has provided the means for carrying her firm resolves into ef fect should the dread* alternative present it self. And she hWinnde it the ‘duty of her Executive to see that her stern .decrees are faithfully executed. While lam unalterably determined, should the day of her peril come during the period for which she has confided to mo the highest office in her gift, to main tain her rights, and vindicate her honor at any and eveny jiazard. Yet- I would moat - humbly invoke that Almighty Being who controls tbe destinies of men and of nations, so to temper our National Councils with Wis dom, Moderation and Justice,that our Equal ity in'tlie Union may be maintained, and our Constitutional Rights and privileges perpet uated, and transmitted unimpaired to tbe latest generation. (Tjjc o®irc-srass PETER E. LOVE, EDITOR. TriOMASVII-l Ai: - ■ Tucsduv, November tT. IML f— — —— T 1 Dr. W. 11. HALL. GIVKiS notice t<> liim friend",-that his arrange ment” artistii'h, that tii* eomieetinn w ith the Wirc (iraKH Reporter will in no wine interfere with tho ifutie” ot hi” profreniiui. TO COBBESPO!^ENTB. The official papers published this week compel us to postpone the publication of sev eral communications. “Dark Hours” will appear next week. Also Report of Demo cratic Meeting in Berrien. SENATOB TOOMBS AND JUDGE LUMPKIN. We perceive that Mr. Toombs has been re-elected to the United States Senate, and that Judge Lumpkin lias been retained on our State Supreme Court Bench. These .tilings are as they should be. Mr. Toombs’ -reputation as an orator and statesman i not limited to his own State, or evenlTtp the Uni ted States, and Georgia but honors hersalf in honoring him. ’The people generally, perhaps cannot •• well appreciate it, but the lawyers and judg es of the State, fully understand and appre ciate the importance of continuing Judge Lumpkin in his present position. The Dem ocratic party have not only shown their lib erality and justice, by this act, but their good sense also. 00V. WALKER OF ‘KANSAS. This distinguished individual mads a fool of himself at Topeka, but in charity to him, we thought it possible that tbe exigencies of the occasion might have forced him to say 1 what he did, or that lie might have been inisreportod, or misrepresented, or that he might liuve been drunk, and the explanation that he attempted to*fivake afterward*, ijrent far to strengthen our convictions. But lie has stuck out the cloven foot too far, and too plainly now, and we are fully satisfied that lie wont do at all. We like Mr. Buchanan very much, and hope that* wc shall have no occasion to fall out with biin, but one thing is certain, and that ia, if Walker is retained much longer as Governor of Kansas, thd fervency of tho lovo -of hi* friends will not bo very greatly increased. ’ MUBBELL MEN IK FLOBIDA. / • “” ~f ■ We have received -letter informing m that seven negro men,the property of Messrs. Jonos and Ed. Broughton, employed on the Alabaiqa &. l’easacola Railroad of Florida have been decoyed away by negro theives. It is believed that nn organized band of these rascals arc at work between tbe Bnwanee and Pensacola. Seethe “Reward” offered by Mr. Edward Broughfon in another col umn. r ; ‘ , -y ,