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The Shadow Police of New York. —The following description of the “ shadows ” of the New Y’ork police, as given by a gentleman writing from that city on the 24th ult. to the Philadelphia Inquirer, is very amusing: Did your readers ever hear of that depart ment of our city police called the shadow sys tem? I suppose not, so I’ll explain it. The chief of police has in his employ a number ot trustworthy men, who are acquainted with all the rogues, pickpockets and burglars in the country, otforeign as well as domestic growth. Their province is to watch every steamboat and rail road arrival, and in case any ol those gentry make their appearance they are to fol low and dog them wherever they go, and to report progress two or three times a day to Mr. Matsell. One of the most skilful burglars in the United States, who in his day has pick ed any quantity of locks, but I believe has de termined to sin no more in that way, arrived here a few days ago from a neighboring city, in company with his counsel, a highly respec table and well known member of the bar. As soon as they were espied by the shadows, they were tracked wherever they went, and the » limb of the law being looked upon as a ‘pal’ of the burglar, was accordingly watched as close as the other. Soon after his arrival he got shaved—the shadow followed him into the barber shop. He went to see a friend—the shadow waited outside. He walked about town for a mile or so—the shadow was behind him. He went to the theatre—the shadow was in the next seat to him. He went to his hotel and read the pa pers—the shadow was at his elbow reading too. He registered his name at the hotel— the shadow looked over his shoulder. He went to bed—the shadow inquired the number of his room. In this way be was harrassed and dogged for three days, at the end of which time he thought be would call on the chief of police in reference to the business ofhis client, and lo! and behold the shadow was there too. As soon as he made himself known, of course the shadow was withdrawn, but Mr. Matsell told him that he could tell him every thing which he had done since he came to the city—what | he hade aten, the description of wine he took I —Mtt dinner—where he visited—in fine every his movements from BBMMnngtill night. The best of the joke is that Mr. Matsell issued directions for his ar *;f rest the next day, and he would have been < brought a prisoner lo his office as sure as fate, if he had not called there. Such is the shadow police in New York. Criminals dread it, and I am informed that they have, ere this, kneeled to the chief of police and begged of him to cease persecuting them in that way, promising every thing. The re sult of this system is that New York is too un cnrnformhiertbr such people,—they manage to give it a berth. It may be added that after little explanation the legal gentleman and the chief of police had a hearty laugh over the matter. The reason the shadows are termed such is because they will stick as close to a suspicious character as his own shadow will. Jn the town of West Bradford, (Pa.) there ia art old Churchyard in which stands seven tomb atones, aide by side, covering the re mains of the Hon. Nathaniel Thurston and his six wives. They stand in order as follows: Mrs. Betsey Thurston, died Nov. 25, 1790, aged 34. Mrs. Martha Thurston, died May 12,1799, aged 32. Mrs. Huldah Thurston, died Sept. 8,1801, aged 24. Mrs. Clarissa Thurston, died Nov. 14,1803, aged 36. _ Mrs. Martha Thurston, died July 27, 1804, aged 26. Mrs. Mary Thurston, died March 3, 1808, aged 27. Hon. Nathaniel Thurston, died in Lansig burg, (N. Y.) Oct. 21, 1811, aged $6. This case hardly beats a more modern one We know of, a little nearer home. A deacon in one of our most prominent churches in thia city, and bis amiable better-half, form a quere instance in Marrimony. The deacon is the fifth husband of the lady, while the lady is the deacon’s fourth wife! Beat that, who can. —Connecticut paper. The Horrible Bachelor.—lt is indisputd' ble, that withall the comforts a bachelor wish es to think he enjoys, he is extremely unhappy. Marry, sir! marry, and know, before you die, what the words comfort, kindly feeling, and economy mean. Be selfish and recluse no longer but give your affection, and a portion of your worldly means to one who will double all your divide all your sorrows.— " vvhite, and spotted, select anotfleel jjjjje worthy thau four footed animals and creeping things. Instead of yawning over a book as a daily companion, smile rather on the faces of a blooming and joyous family, as the only way to make a place of rest and happiness. Fur nish your family with easy chairs, sofas, and settees—have a snug porch, and a stove in the lobby, with a fine flue of heated air in the main staircase to the top--have a roaring fire in the parlor every morning before breakfast, with all sorts of fire-screens, large and little have a fiddle or cigars, to vary your occupa tion—have all this and four times more, but still so long as you want the wife, there is a coldness, a formality, and a prim-dreariness in the bachelor’s household, that disappears tn the home of married love. A Sagacious Sheet.—A farmer speaking of the sagacity sometimes exhibited by sheep, thus speaks of one he owned a few years since I have known him, when my cattle have broken into my neigbors’ field to drive them all out and stand by the gap in the fence and keep them all out. He would leave the sheep and feed with the cattle in the summer. He was a peace-maker: for he would not allow fight inff among the cattle. He mastered all my cattle, and if my neighbors’ cattle, camejr my barn he would drive them bomcnffiik amall boys would sometimes setojyfto rub to ride, when he would contriwfof the shed, them off—running closjjmtTbarn. He was the fenee, or a copxrowded, or insulted, in not to bo a friend of peace I have aliv >iwnght many a duel.’ .MtiowjjZ*^—■ —— ■.— Female Temper—We like to see a of spirit and life; for a dull, supine, woman is a poor affair indeed. And re have no particular objection to seeing ‘the /sparks flying occasionally,” when something really stirring occurs. We like to see her joyful and lively; aud if she has a little apice of fun, we can put up with it very well j pay we like it all the better. But a cross sour temper we have no good opinion of, for a wo man who never looks pleasant, but is always fretting and scolding, will make an unhappy' happy home for all within her house. And i we had as lief undertake to live in a barrel off vinegar in a thunder storm, as to live in the house with such a woman. Solomon was was right when he said, "It is better to live in the corner of a house tnptbsn to dwell in ft wide bouse with a brawling woman.' -*xLet a woman wear sunshine on l»er coun ten*7hw. and it will drive the dark clouds from her husband’s face, and joy will thrill through the hearts of her children. Let a woman's word be soothing and kind, and every thing is happy around her. Her influence will be powerful. Others will catch her sweet tem per, and all will strive to see who can be most like her. Sweetness of temper in a woman is more valuable thau gold, and more to be prized than beauty. But may Heaven keep us from an untamed shrew whose looks are wormwood and whose words are gall! We had rather take Daniel's place with the lions, than think of living in gunshot of such a ter magant. If women knew their power and wished to exert it, they would always show sweetness of temper, tor then they are irre sistible.—Boston Olive Branch. t)f ah's Friends.—Man has three friends in this world—bow do they conduct him in the hour of death, when God summons him before his tribunal? Money,his best friend, leaves him first, and goes not with him. His relations and friends accompany him to the threshhold of the grave, and then return to their homes.— M'he third, which he often forgets during his life, are his good works. They atone accom panv him to the throne of the judge—they go before—speak, and obtain mercy and pardon tor him. WHKLimWRWLIC. l ■ bi jaie* m. shythe, wWS I) i g Journal, beuottb to News, Politics, bditor and proprietor. £ literature, (General intelligence, Agriculture, &c. ANDREW H. H. DAWSON, - - - ASSISTANT EDITOR. i~- ~ RATES OF ADVERTISING. sertien, and ten cents for each subsequent inser- > / / / r-r6'-"" ( XS'Wn-M® Contracts will be made ou liberal terms for tion. Terms—-TWO POLLAKS a year, invariably in advance * ' s '‘xSiSSm three months, six months and yearly advertise- | Where the advertising is considerable, these " " tuents. low rates may be somewliat reduced. Or $2,50 if not paid within two monthe. S or occasional advertisements, if over six lines, UJ” Transient Advertisements and Special Wfc, three cents per line for the first insertion, and two Notices, double the above rates. Tri W-eklv per annum in advanca ..$4 90 5r Ccllt “ lor euch •“'“‘‘‘lueut insertion. [LTTostage must be pa ; d op all coinmuuica- * H Or $5.00 if not paid within two mOTiiii,. If six lines;or lees, twenty cts. for the first in- tions and letters of business. VOLUME II- Augusta, Georgia. _ i—— Thursday Morning, Not. 15,1849. UTln the notice of our correspondent of the nominations for Judges which appeared in our Tuesday’s paper the nomination of the Hon. J. H. Lumpkin, for Judge of the Chero kee Circuit, was accidentally omitted. Frost.—The Mobile Advertiser of the 10th inst., says, “Yesterday morning there was a genuine old-fashioned white frost in this city and vicinity. There was also a slight frost on Thursday morning. The weether is *iU clear, cool, and wholesome.” In this section we have had a few white frosts, barely severe enough lo affect potato vines. Health of Charleston. The Mercury of yesterday says: “ The re port of the Board of Health exhibits a most gratifying improvement in the health of our city. During the past week, it will be per ceived, the entire number of deaths was but 10; of these, three were by Stranger’s Fever, as we stated in our remarks on Monday, since which, we understand, there have been no new cases of the disease.” IETNo mail last night beyond Charleston. Temperance Address by Augus tin S. Wingfield, Esq. We are indebted to some one for a copy of Mr. Wingfield’s Address before the State Convention, held at Mariella, on the 28th of June last. We have read this beautiful and eloquent temperance oration with no small degree of pleasure. His arguments in favor of temper ance, the tuotierulion and discretion with which he puts forth its claims to public favor, and his appeal to temperance men to adhere to their sacred cause, encircled by love, purity and fidelity, are exhibited in cbasto language and glowing feeling, and with earnest but praiseworthy enthusiasm. We were led into a train of reflections by the perusal of this fine address. Whatever any may think of the practicability of success in the temperapee p.apsp, it seems to us it is entitled to the respect of al|. 'petpperance men can have no mqlive of aetjon but the go.qd of their fellow men and the amelioration of their lot. Political intrigues and party poli ties hayp no allotted place within the walls of the te."°fo th which fltey Worship- Their field of labor is a common arena upon which «*»J men (of whatever sentiments, religious de nominations, or party principles,) may flt Pet and commune together for common good. Thus constituted and impelled to action, how their motives. The prejudices which have existed against temperance societies have worn away as time has shown their utility. No one doubts, or denies, that intemperance produces disease ; destroys the mind; heightens and inflames the passions; makes man murder his fellow; fills the world with crime of every variety and hue; takes from helpless children the bread that would save them from hunger; the means that would substitute comfortable clothing in the place of rags, and intelligent education and respectability, in the place of ignorance and degradation. It blows pestilential breath upon the Eden of domestic life, and blights its peace as the lingering frosts of winter, falling unon the bosont of early spring, withers its flowers and spoils the face ol its beauty. It mildews Hie prospects of the young with its enervating and letheau waters, and hastens the infirmities of age by takings^*#- *he props upon which ith J i-*-’r-«®ed for worldly • n-olaii*** -eve,ll >ig °> >ts existence. ia no cessation to the destructive of intemperance. Its insidious operations are ever going on, blighting the young, cutting off* the old, wielding the dag ger of death, corrupting the fountains of vir tue, spreading vice throughout the land, filling our jails and lunatic asylums, our penitentia ries and poor houses with the miserable vic tims of crime and madness, degradation and poverty. Its hoilisb influence has changed and perverted all the affections and sensbiili ties of the heart. We need not trace out the course of murder from ifs incipiency to its con summation—we need not dwell open the dream —perturbed nights, and spectral fancies of the inebriate —we need not delay the fancy of the reader within the walls of a mad house, that miniature of hell—sped not take him to the gallows where thousands wait upon th; j dying struggles of the murderer—we need not j torture his feelings with th« sufferings of cbil- | dren starving, poor and helpless—of tpotliprs ; haggard from want and care, dispirited aud Wwrtwy ■ - These things exist, as true as that the leaves of autumn fall. 'hen can we fail to res pect the motives and objects of those who as sociate for no purpose, whatever, but to remoss ' and prevent them ? We remain in this life but a few transient years at most, and are all snbjeet to the loss of health, or friends, or fortune, or even to the sudden and annihilating violence of instant dispensations. If our temperance friends ean turn any away from the evils of intemperance, whatever we may do, we can but rejoice to see our fellow men, who have been led astray by its luring power, illuminated with new hope, and re deemed from its debasing thraldom. | ITT Our fellow citizen, Dr. A. G. Mackey, i has, we understand, says the Charleston Cour i ier, received the appointment of United States . Consul to Venice. ETThe freight on cotton from Columbia to , Charleston is 81,50 per bale. Fifteen Jewish couples were recently mar ried in one day, at a country town near Prague, in Bohemia. California and Slavery. By the arrival of the Empire City at New York, on the 11th inst., the news was brought that the Convention for forming a State Con stitution for the people of Ca'ifornia, had unanimously agreed, that no slavery shall ever be permitted in C'ult/brnir norfree negroes be allowed to go there. How the exclusion of the latter will please the abolition members of Congress it would not be difficult to guess. Bu that is a small matter compared to the effect which the ex clusion of slavery would have ttpfjj the SnniU-d urn Sates. r-? But we ask in the first place, will a man be found in I’oeggass from the Southern States voting for the admission of California ?■: a State under such circumstance. Have they the requisite population to form a State 1 Are there over 20,000 American citizens in that territory ? Are not t« o-thirds of its present inhabitants Mexicans, Indians, mixed breeds of all kinds, and foreigners ? Are they to be allowed to decide upon the rights of the South ? Is the Constitution to be violated, the laws disregarded, and common justice outraged, to admit California as a State merely to settle the slavery question qnd that, too, when it will forever setttle the South I We ask the question: we put it to Southern men. Is not the magnitude of the territory an insuperable objection to its admission as a single State ? California contains 400,000 square miles, enough to form nearly seven States the sige of Georgia. Was not provision made for dividing Texas into several States f California contains over a hundred thousand square miles of more ter ritory than Texas. Will Southerners vote to admit California as a State with the exclusion of slavery, and the right to a future subdivi sion into several other States ? Why this haste? Is it for party or for country 1 Why not let the question alone, and give the south that chance in the ferrjtory to which she is en titled ? We care not what others may think or how act, we shall raise onr feeble ?n<J warning voice against this hasty, unjust, and lawless movement,till it is vain longer to resist it. We are not willing to see the south encir cled with the political power of the free States, aqd aqbiected to their mercy, when towering oyer us frotp i|;j northern likes and the Pa cific ocean. We cannot countenance, much lesa invite such inevitable destruction to our peculiar in- Stijjj’ion. The rich nii::?“ °f California invite us with our slaves sq go w or ' { them. But the interests of the moment sink into insignifi cance compared with the magnitude of the fu ture danger, which rises like a warning colos- "*of jlie sbutrf will "tnifie’' ufUhe Nefionai House of and ibe'Swfefe CbMlher iperqorable by their com bined, united, and indignant opposition, to a scheme so repulsive to justice, Southern rights, Southern honor, and Southern security. IP* We hope that all who wish to go to Cal ifornia, and taka slaves with them, will go, without the least fear, There is not the re.- quisite number in California to entitle her to admission as a state, and the south should vote against the measure to a man. We should not permit ourselves to be run over thus. California is a great country for slavery. Let ua contend for taking o»r slaves there to the last. Slaves in California.—The Philadelphia Ledger says“ Notwithstanding the practical difficulty which is said to exist in California the introduction of slavery into that territory, it appears to have an existence.— The Alabama Journal says those who went from that part of die Union, and who carried negroes, have had no difficulty in keeping them and it i* found that they adhere to their mas ters there with greater geal and devotion than elsewhere. Several have written back ex pressing their regret that they did- not carry with them hands from their plantation. *A gentleman from Macon county, who took out three good bands, has written back that he hires them out at three hundred dollars per mouth each, and has no difficulty in retaining them. Every man there is so immersed in his own absorbing pursuits, that he has no time or inclination to interfere with the business of others, or engage, even if so inclined, in aboli tion movements.’ “she Journal further states that it is in con templation by fitoiMhen; emigrants to go out in companies of fifty to a hundred, so as to bff able to protect their “property,” if it should be endangered. W« iSN 3 ?*; i n our paper this morning, an article upon tbe .“Cow and iter uj<i)i;gement,” for wliich we are indebted to the agricultural department of the Muscogee Democrat. As ww wrq fyft rppron.-ljiqq lbs qoft-'an qheu stock of all kinds should be protected from ffie «Ud, and tbe pelting* of tbe pitiless storm* of win ter, as well a* that due care be timely taken to have them well provided with suitable food, we invite attention to this subject. KTMr. J. B. Fuller, tbe ‘‘ (Uncle Foofoe,” end Mr. John Huntley, the “ Max Harkaway” of our boards, are now at the St. diaries The atre, New Orleans. tTThe brig Josephus, Capt. Pitcher, which cleared at New Orleans on the 7th inst. for Savannah, ba* the following, a* her cargo— -421 bbl*, of whiskey, 300 coils rope, 75 boxes candles, 17 bbls, oil, 29 do pork, 97 casks ba con, 148 bags oats, and 2 boxes rndze. A por tion of this cargo, we presume, is destined for the Augusta market. ITThe cotton market in Savannah, on Tuesday, was rather quiet, although 1000 b. were sold by one house. Middling fair cot tons were quoted at lOf cents. In Charleston, on the 13th, the market con tinned depressed, and the sales were 1800 b. at from 10 to IH. Fair and fully fair at from I 11 to llf cents. AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, TUESDAWMQUjSJNG, NOVEMBER 20, 1849. Georgia Legislature. a We make the following abstract of proceeta ings of the Legislature, on Saturday, from th| report of the Savannah Republican : In the House, Mr. Terrell, of Coweta, re| ported a bill to amend an Act incorporate the Atlanta and LaGrange Ra 1 Road Comp!, ny, so as to allow it to be extended to the Afajj bama line, at or near West Point,'ttmdjo con nect with the Macon and Western Road al! Atlanta. a Mr. Morris, of Franklin: a bill to amend the several Acts in relation to issuing GrtuaJa. and Head Rights inlhis the 25th December, 1851. WMMM * Mr. Morris, of Franklin: a bill to change the thirty-sixth and thirty-seventh Senatorial Districts, by throwing the counties of Elbert and Oglethorpe and Madison and Franklin to gther. This is a democratic movement and is intended to secure two Senators to that party from districts which now return two whigs. Mr. Riley, of Lumpkin : a bill to exenjr ill free while inhabitants of this State from Hfe payment of a capitation or poll tax. Also a bill to provide for the safe custody of persons conviuted of any capital offence, after being re spited by the Governor. Mr. Robinson, of Macon county : a bill to amend an Act incorporating the Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of the State of Georgia, and to provide for its re moval from Savannah to Macon. Also, a bill to incorporate the town of Oglethorpe in the county of Macon. This place, which has been recently laid out, and which belongs to Mr. Cabaniss of Monroe, it is believed, will become an important point on the completion of the South Western Rail Road to Flint Ri ver. It embraces the depot or terminus of the road at the river. Mr. McDougald, of Muscogee: a bill to prohibit banking institutions in o.her States from establishing agencies, fee. iu this State, except under certain circumstances, and with out complying with the law, as our local banks are required to do. This bill is regarded with favor by all whotq I have eeard speak of it. As the law now stands, foreign banks have all the privileges, without any of the burthens of our State Banks. Mr. Neily, of Pike—A bill to incorporate the Griffin and West Point Plank Road. Mr. Walker, of Richmond—A bill to exempt from levy and sale certain property therein mentioned —to wit: one negro, uiilcss he be a mechanic qr head workman. Mr. Tucker, of Stewart—A bill to perfect service qf spire facias qn absent defendants in case of dormant judgments, Mr. Wiggins, ofTwiggs—A bill to alter the mode of electing Messenger and D >or-Keeper of the two Houses by giving to the Speaker and the President of the Senate. Mr. Gartrell, of Wilkes—A bill to alter, amend, and explain the first section of an Act passed'fiJrlhe’Telief ot po-securjtins, asseptea to 22d December, 1840. Also a bill to regulate the admission of deeds in evidence in certain cases. In the Senate, Mr. Sanford reported " bl!! regulate the mode of sueing the Bonds of Exo culors, Administrators apdfj.USrdjftnft. 4' so a bill to regulate the admission of evidence in ' Mr. Love—A till to limit the lien of ments at law and to protect the title of innoetmiq purchasers in certain cases. Mr. Jas. B. Brqwfl—4 bill to fi ive the election of Couqty Trcaspr‘ rs tq the people. Also a bill to alter and amend the 6lh section of the 3d Article of tl;e Constitution of the State. Mr. Cochran offered a resolution, which was agreed to, to appoint a Special Committee to enquire into the propriety of repealing all laws in regard to the introduction of slaves into thjs Stole. Mr. Dubignon laid upon the table the memo rial of A. Delaroacli, of Camden county, which was referred to a Special Committee. This memorial will probably produce some excite ment when it comes up for discussion. Mr. Nesbit, of Bibb—A bill to vest the management and superintendence of the State Rail Road in a [loard of Public Works, and to define the power and the duties pi the same. Mr. Hendrix, of Dade—A bill to repeal the law now of force in this State in relation to hte lien of judgments, so far as perishable pro perty is concerned. Afternoon Session in the Senate, Mr. Chisolm, from Floyd and Chattooga, reported a bill to authorise the Central Roil Road and Banking Company, the Macon and Western Company, aid the South-Western Company, to unite their roads in one common depot at 01 near the city of Macon. Jfr. Murphy submitted a resolution request ing his Excellency the Governop to communi cate to the Senate, at as early a day as possible, whether the Military claims of the State of Georgia upon the General Government, have been settled, or what progress has been made ip the game, end qhftt fie deerqs necessary to be done therein. In the House, Mr. Jenkins introduced an importan' bill—to wit: a bill appropriating mo ney for the improvement of the navigation of the Coosa river between Rome, in Floyd coun ty, and the boundary line between this State qgpl Alabama, and to appoint commissioners for that purpose. This river will constitute at; lippoftant link in the great chain of inter communication between she Atlantic and the great valley of the Mississippi. Jj"The following bill for abolishing impri sonment for debt, was introduced by Mr. Fish, of Bibb, of the 7th inst; 1 * *’ ' ' A BILL ( To be entitled an act to abolish imprisonment t ,fe r ‘9 certain yasqa,- I SfCT|o< Ist. Be it enacted by the Senate j and House of Representatives of ths Stale of i Georgia in General Assembly convened, and it ' is hereby enacted by the authority of the same, , That from and after the passage of this act, no execution issued in an action founded on I contract, express or implied, and no execu -1 tion founded on actions of trespass, vi et armis, 1 or trespass on the case, shall be levied on the body of the de(eudftr,i, except jn actions found ed on misconduct, or neglect in any office or professional employment; or in actions insti tuted against a public officer, trustee, or any I person actingin a fiduciary capacity, to recover moneys collected or received by him. Section 2nd. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That all laws, and ; parts of laws militating against this act be, and the same are hereby repealed. Discovery of Inexhaustible Silver Mises.—The Arkansas papers give accounts i of the return of several exploring parties from the Wichiu Mountains, which report the dis ! covery of silver mines this side of the Rocky Mountains, and a gold placer on the Arkansas. lOne party found inexhaustible quantities of silver in a high prarie ridge. f [By telegraph to Charleston Mercury.] Bf.. New OkCeass,\Nov. 12. I ! ®BjSjitamer Alabama arrived yesterday ■rqjKßMraa,with 112 passi tigers. received of the recent that Wui cabiiiuaie ‘or Governor. is l in the t.'on- Democrats aqu i! ‘ p Legi-uim. ? * 4 '' !T the Democrats have triumph ed. Quitman is elected Governor by‘a large majority; and it is claimed that the democrat ic candidates for Congress, in all the four Con gressional Districts, are elected. This is a democratic gain of one. Th® Rhode Island Legislature despatched its business promptly. It adjourned on Fri day week, after a four days’ session, in which four acts and sundry resolutions were passed. A great amount of private business was trans acted, and all in four days. This is about the quickest legislation on re cord; and shows that either very little has to be done in this way in Rhode Island, or the memberwelieve and act upon the principle that he vflio best serves himself, best serves his county; and, hence, the sphere of their usefulness Is iu attending to their own private or ibe cause of the short sessions in Rhode Island may be, the indisposition of the people t<s pay for long speeches. At all events, it is a model Legislature. No Rx|L at Rome. —The corres pondent of the Daily News writes from Home: “I hear tliat the cardinals have decided that the railway to Naples is a useless scheme, tending only to ipundaie Rome witi} foreigners ; they have therefore definitively suspended the works,and thus thrown thou sands of people out of employment, now that it is so much needed.” We can scarcely credit the above, which we copy from the foreign news items in the New York Tribune. The revolutionary trou bles in the Papal states may have caused a suspension of operations on the rail road, but the reported decision of thp Cardinals, that jtjs a f‘use|eas scheme,” exhibits ton little knowl edge of the advantages of rail way communica tions, and an opinion unworthv of the times. The World’s Mechanics’ Fair.—A lege and highly Respectable meeting, presided over by the Mayor, took place at the Egyptian Hall, London, culthe jlch ult., relative to ifie propo sed exhibition of industry of all nations in that city duling the ensuing year. It is pro posed to befield Park, in a building purpose, a mile long, at an expense Prizes are to be giyen away m, a.d, It, tiie yaiiie of (ggw ■ 1 : I.- : ■ bert Itos act as President perintend tfiwßßßprise. fbis will/be an occasion when Uncle Sam’s offspring will be ably represented. And sha|l not Georginvbe preparing to contend for the prizes ? T»e jpechapical genius and enter prise of ouißstate, we hope, will burnish up their armourffor the exhibition at the ‘World’s Mechanics’re ir ’ Camomile?—A few roots of this plant should have a place in every garden. Not only are its medical qualities highly valuable, but its presence among vegetables is supposed to be an rflgis of protection against many diseases to which they are subject. It should be trans planted into warm and rich soil, earlv in the spring, and hs assisted, during |ts early deve lopment, by copious manuring and frequent pressure. When plants, late in the season, exhibit symptoms of decay or general debility, the planting of a squall font of camomile in their vicinage is frequently the most speedy efficacious remedy that can be applied. The odor, or aroma, diffused by this plqnt, is also known to be highly repellent to many kinds of foreign insects, and its presence among those species of plants and vegetables infested by such enemies, will protect them more effec tually than almost any other agent known, and at comparatively small expense. It was certainly the Intention of our autho rities, in times past, to pay the utmost respect to theabove theqry, by permitting the growth of the wild camomile which is yearly increqft ing on our cqmmons, ihe river bank, and in some few of opr streets. We are gratified in finding some excuse for permitting the growth of this plant, for while it may be a “ repellant to many kinds of foreign insects,” it is far from being classed among the “ perfumes foal come from orange groves.” BaAuon Ascension.—A number of persons were ia attendance, yesterday afternoon, at MountjPleasant, to witness the ascension of VictocVardall, the -Eronaut. The material used for the inflation of his serial vessel, was as wqunderstand of bad quality, and it was impoulble to Inflate it to the extent of its ca pacity. He had, however, advertised to make an ascension, the announcement of which-had -gattgfrgFa concourse nt pnr.ll— ,m>d M nm unwiMfog to disappo nt them. Having explain ed hi» difficulty, fie proceeded to rpake the necessary arrangement, and a little after four o’clock, the balloon, with the intrepid Aeron aut, left terra firma. During its ascension, he was suspended by the feet with his head down and pe'formed many gymnastic exercises.— Having reached a height of eome five hund red fee:, be descended in the harbor, about mid-wiy between Haddrell’s Point and Castle Pinckney, and himself and balloon were secur ed and brought to the city. We unjer-itarid that it is his intention to make another ascen sion, of which due notice will be given.— Charleston Courier. Another Olp Citizen Gone.—We are called upon to record the death of another of of our old and respected citizens. Basil Mea lier, Esq-, for thirty years a resident of Mobile departed this life at his residence in this c ty, surrounded by his affectionate family and many devoted friends, yesterday morning at the good old age of threescore and ten years. Mr. Mealier was a native of France, but, when quite a young man, emigrated to this country, and settled in Mobile we believe about the year 1818, since which time he has been a constant resident of our city and one of our most respected, public spirited and useful citizens. —Advertiser, 10th inst. [Editorial Correspondence.] Millebgf.ville, Nov. 12. The bill introduced by Judge John A. Jones, of Paulding, to repeal all laws inhibiting the importation of slaves into Georgia, for sale, was debated in the House on Saturday. Judge Jones thought the law a dead-letter, any bow, frmn the fact never has been enforced, aifl that it ho doubt often forced men, caught in the dilemma, of being bound to loose or qswear recklessly, to commit- the crime of Mr. McOoLignkt, #1 Mtrucogee, took the ground that it would tend to encourage the importation of slaves, if the present law was repeajfd, and give us more power abroad, as well as strength and respectability at home. Col. Kennan, of Baldwin, regarded it as im politic to entourage the importation of slaves into Georgia from the border slate States, and thought it more safe to compel them to hold their own slave property. Mr. Howard asked why did they bring their slaves here ? Was it not because they bad no use for them there ? And if so, would it not be dangerous to close our doors against them, and tend to drive them to emancipation ? He further held that the present statute implied either that we had no confidence in the slave property, or that we had scruples of conscience on the subject. I have not thought much on this subject— not enough lo have arrived al any definite con clusions. But let us examine the views al ready advanced above. If the present law is a dead-letter, why is it so ? It can't be the fault of the law, but those who administer it in the courts of the land, ff the law is too se vere, modify it. There is a maxim winch says "• there js more virtue in the certainty than the severity qf punishment,” and it is doubtless true. Men that are corrupt enough to perjure themselves ought to have every pos sible opportunity that can be given them to do it. The oftener they do it the more the chances will be increased to catch them at it, and the punishment of such vagabond scoun drels ought IQ taste sweet even to the lips of mercy. We do not think that repealing the present law would ever make any difference in our political rigldq. \yhen men want slaves poqr they go tq other Stqtes and pur chase them- They would hardly purchase them at their own doors if they did not want them ; neither can we agree that because Vir ginia and Kentucky send their slaves here that it is auy evidenoe at all that they cannot use them th’ere. jt is better evidence that they will biing more money here than they will there, and that is the true and no doubt the only cause that controls nine-tenths of the sales made. And fqr tfip lj[e pt p.s vyq esnnot see how the metease of slaves in those States can heart loves a large pile of money better than a small one—and if that revolution bus to be waited for, emancipation never will take place. Factories will spring up, and a thousand other means of emnloyment will be discovered, by which slave property vlli continue forever profitable in those States. We are not prepared to vindicate the pre sent laty. Vy’e have ’undertaken tp answer such reasons as we have heard for its repeal, that we] think not sufficient. d. [By Telpgrqpii to Charleston Pourier. | Baltimore, Nov. 11, 9 P. M- Further »y the Camrhia—The follow ing quotations are given you, in addition to those previously forwarded. Fair Upland and Mobile Cotton phia Flour 23 to 245.; white Cqrn «8 to a9 ; Yellow, 27 to ‘JB|. Havre dates to* the 23d, say that a panic took place in that market during the week, and eottoii declined five francs, but afterward ral lied, and the decline from the highest point it had attained, was but 2 j to 3 francs. Abbot Lawrence, our Minister to the Brit ish Government, has had aq audience of the (|ueen at VYiqduur Castle, and presented his credentials. A fresh excitement has taken place at Rome. Venice, it is said, will not again be a free port. The Moniteur has been seized by the French authorities, for publishing letters from Louis Blanc and Qthera. British Consols quoted at American stocks remain unchanged. New Loan is quoted at 105 L There is no other intelligence of the slight est importance to forward you, New Orleans, Nov. 11, 9 A. M. Yesterday eleven hundred bales of Cotton were sold, at unchanged prices. Middling quoted at 10A i good middling How Many Miles a Printer’s Hand Travels.—The New York Commercial Ad vertiser says: Although a printer may be sitting all day, yet in his own way he is a great traveller, or ' ftt least' his hand u, as we shaft prove. A good pr liter will set 8000 ems a day, or about i 24,00 > totters. The distance travelled over I by h a hand will average about one foot per 1 let: r, going to the boxes in which ife-v are | co: ained, and course returning, making 1 two feat every letter he sets. This would ■ m ke a distance each day ot 48,000 feet, or a , h tie more than 9 miles; anfi [p |hc course of I the year, leaving out the Sundays, that mem hfertiNVwteafeuwt sow mites. ■•"*“ . To this the Brooklyn Star adds : If the above calculation fie correct, which I we do not doubt, 3000 miles is but half the ac -1 tual distance travelled by the printer’s hand I during the year, as the same distance has to be j gone over in distributing 8000 ems as in net ting them I (every compo»uor distributing his own type,) consequently the distance is just doubled, making it 6000 instead of 3000. Mrs. Mary George, the insane woman who escaped from the almshouse in Sanbornton, (N- H.) was found, after twenty-three days’ absence, covered up in the hay in the barn, where it is supposed she had been all that time without food, except, perhaps, a few ap ples. She had a razor in her pocket. The Paris papers state that there are in the 1 pity 63f02b widows, and in the environs ! 10,437; and that there are amongst them 427 ! humpbacked, 311 one-eyed, and some scores I blind, Humility.—Of all tree-, I observe that God ! hath chosen the vine, alow plant that creeps ' upon the helpful wall; of all fowls the mild and , gentle dove. When God appeared to Moses it was not in the lofty cedar, nor in the sturdy oak, nor Ihe spreading palm, but in a bush.— , As if he would by these objections, check tbe arrogance of man. Nothing procured! love I like humility; nothing hate like pride, NUMBER 47. (D’The New York correspondent of the Charleston Evening News, under date of sth inst. says: “ On and after the first day of January next the stockholders of every monied institution i in this State will be liable, in his individual character, to the public, for the redemption of their notes in circulation. This is a provision which was inserted in our new constitution. The Bank of Commerce of this city has de termitied to withdraw all their circulating notes in *nd I have no doubt that the exfcrtfpfe tHat fr»Ntnutlbn will be followed by others. It is a little remarkable, however, that the Mauhattan Batik which has not issued any notes for a number of years, is preparing plates for the purpose of doing so when that provision shall have come into effect and operation.” Reverence for Age.—How beautiful it is to see the young reverence old age! We | never see a little boy bowing respectfully to ! an aged man in the street but we feel sure he ; is .1 good boy. “ Reverence is always due to , aged people. Good nature and a proper edit- ! cation, say to the young—Reverence old ago. i Grey hairs are a crown of glory, when found ; in the way ot righteousness. The promptings ' of our kindly nature teach us to respect the ' aged, to rise up before the hoary head. The i eye, the furrowed brow and temples thinly ciad—who would not respect, reverence, and ' love them.” , Santa Fe County, Texas.—The people of ' Texas are worried by the strange conduct of ' one of the counties in the State—Santa Fe. ! Santa Fe, though a large and populous county, ! sent in no returns st the Presidential election | of 1848. Nor was Santa Fe more tractable in the last election of Governor for the State of Texas. Report says that in the Guberna torial election they not only failed to send in | their returns, but that they actually failed to I vote. What sort of people must they be in Santa Fe county, Texas, when .hey thus fail | to exercise the best and dearest rights of the 1 freeman? The sovereign Texas ' should ask the Supreme Court of the United States fora rule on Santa Fe county to show cause why she does not attend to her duties and vote when T>Ws votes.—N. O. Crescent. From the Southern Whig. “Stop that Ball!”—We perceive that some of our Northern brethren at the Press qre either wofqlly mistaken themselves or at tempting to deceive their readers iq relation to the late contest in this State. Respectable pa pers, of both parties, have gravely informed their readers that the slavery question was the main issue involved in the contest—the Demo crats claiming the election of Towns atl 8.0 anti-slaverv triumph, »pd the Whig* attribut ing the defeat of Hill to the fact, as they say, that lie would not commit himself against the Wilmot Proviso. Now, these gentlemen ought to know better than this. Gov. Towns openly proclaimed his hostility tq the abomin able Proviso; while Hill only declined answer ing the committee from which the interroga tories emanated, because qs wo apprehend, lie regarded jt sheer Impudence on their part to "riff 1 ST(«K” 1 ,S■ camn-'tt ue uito every rise knew he was thoroughly sound. Our Northern friends need not “lay the flat tering unction to their souls” that there is any considerable division among the people of Georgia on this question. When the issue is fairly made, the whole people of all parlies, will be found standing up boldly in defen.ee Os their rights. It is true that q few of the leaders have exhibited throng symptoms of recreancy on this question ; but there is a rod in pickle for them. Let not their Free Soil friends at the North suppose that because they have not beep utterly prostrated by an indignant people, they will not be called to account. Mark it: (hero ia a fearful “day of reckoning” ahead, and it will shortly overtake some of them. A North Carolina editor, noticing the result of the recent electinn ill tliia Stale, says; “Towns, Loco, lias beaten his competitor about 3UO votes, and drank 300 gallons more whiskey than Hill, and we believe thia was the principal issue involved in the contest.” Now, ‘'old Hip” is much near the truth than those editors who attribute the result of the late contest to the influence of the Proviso, either one way or the other. We repeat, the whole people are sound ot) this question, and the recusant leaders will yet be forced to “walk the plank!” Getting his kame Uf.—‘l say, Mister Highflyer, won’t you let a feller go up with you in that ’ere balloon V 'I could not accomodate you, my dear friend.’ ‘Well, then, be kind enough to take my card along ; for I’m determined to get my name up, somehow or other.’ The True Philosophy of Life.—Ed mund Burke was a philosopher, as well as a man of genius, and the following admonition to his fretful friend Barry the Painter, is wor thy of being stamped on every youthful mind: Writing to Burry at Rome he thus gives the results of bis own experience : “That you have just subjects of indignation always, and of anger often, 1 do noways doubt; who can live in the world without some trial of his patience ? But believe me, my dear Barry, that the arms with which the ill dispo sitions of the world are to be combatted, and the qualities by which it is to be reconciled to us and we reconciled to it, are moderation, gen tleness, a little indulgence to others, and u great deal of distrust of ourselves: which are not qualities of a mean spirit, as some may possibly think them, but virtues of a great and noble -fond, and such as dignify our nature as much tfeoy io ropmrn and. kut*u>u.; fox nothing tali be so unworthy of a well compos ed »aul as to puss away life in bickerings and litigations, in snarling and cuffing with every one about ns. Again and again, my dear Bar ry, we must be at peace with our spei’iHS, if not for their sakes yet very much for our own.” We copy the foilowing advertisement from the Washington Union of Saturday, for the benefit of those who are afflicted with the dis ease spoken of: Cure for the Dropsy. -The following recipe for the cure of the dropsy has been al ready published; but in order that it may be kept before the public, and especially for the benefit of the poor, it has been thought best by one who has experienced its excellence, to give it additional circulation: Recife.—Take a six quart jug of old hard cider, put therein a pint of mustard seed, one double handfnl of parsely roots, one double handful of lignnmvitaj shavings, and one dou ble handful of horse radish roots. Let them simmer together over a slow fire 48 hours, when it will be tit for awe. Take a tea-cup full of this liquor three times a day.—Virgi nia Advertiser, 1778. It is hoped that this valuable recipe will he extensively circulated, and its vntues made known to all afflicted with the dropsy, and that the nett spapers gr-ueraily will copy it. EFfkcts of Whitk-amion Rattlesnakes. —We find the folfoA'intf curious account of the ff.'cls < f the boughs of the wlnie-anh tip on riiiri«’4nake», iti an exchnnge paper, but uro .njiil.lc io fix on its author or locality :[ —N.O. Picayune. f-oine time in the month of August, I went with Mr. T. Kirtland and Dr.C. Hutton, then residing at Portland, to the Mahoning for the purpo-e of shooting deer, at a place wber they « "re in the habit of coming to the river to f.-ed on the mo»s attached to the stone* in ahoal water. We took our watch station on an elevated part of the bank, fifteen or twenty yards from the edge of the waler. About an hour after we Lad commenced our watch, in stead of a deer we discovered a rattlesnaka, which, as it appeared, had left its den in the rocks beneath us, and was advancing acrons a smooth, narrow sand beach toward* the water. Itoccurrvd to me that an opportunity now of fered to try the virtues of the white-ash leaves. Requesting the gentlemen lo keep, in my ab sence, a watch over out object, I went imute- in search of the leaves, and on a piece of low ground, thirty or forty rods hack from ihc river, ! soon found, and by the aid* of my bunting knife, procured a small white-ash sapling, eight or ten feet in length, and with these wands returned to the scene of action. In order io cut off a retreat to his den, I ap proached the snuke in his rear. As soon as I came within seven or eight feet of him, he quickly threw bis body into a coil, elevated his head eight or ten inches, and brandishing his tongue, gave note of prepara tion for combat. I first presented the whitc ash, placing the leaves upon his body. He in stantly dropped bis head to the ground, unfold ed his coil, rolled over upon his back, writhed and twisted his whole body io every form bnt that of a coil, andTopeared to be in anguish. Satisfied *trial thus made. by the white-ash* -The rattlesnake immediately righted, and placeu himself in the samejmeua eilHf atijtudv u» bHfi.ro denoribed. 1 now pre-’ rented him the sugar-maple. He lanced in a moment, striking hi* bead into a tuft of leaves, “with all the malice of the under fiend*,” and the next moment coiled and lanced again, darting his whole length at each effort with the swiftness of an arrow. After repeating this several times, I again changed his fare, and presented him with the white-ash. He immediately doused his peak, stretching himself on his back in the same manner as at the first application. It was then proposed to try what effect might be produced upon bis temper and courage by a little flog ging with the white-ash. This was adminis tered. But instead of arousing him to resent ment, it served only to increase his troubles. As the flogging grew more severe, the snake frequently struck his head into the sand as far as he could thrust it, seeming desirous to bore his way into the earth, and rid himself of hia unwelcome visitors. Being now convinced that the experiment was a satisfactory one, and fairly conducted on both sides, thought it unnecessary to take his life after he had contributed so much to grati fy our curiosity, and so we took our leave of the rattlesnake, with feelings as friendly at least as those with which we commenced our acquaintance with him, and left him to return at leisure to his den. From the Muscogee Democrat. The Cow and her Management.—The season has now arrived when the green her bage and the succulent leaves of the range, are about to give out, and the farmer must cast about hitn, to find some means to winter his stock, and more especially his milch cows. How many cows that new look fat and sleek, will, between this and spring, leave their bones in some mirey branch for the want of strength to get out? How many farmers, aye, wealthy farmers, will between this and spring, be with out that almost necessary luxury, sweet milk? How few have been provident enough to pro vide a root crop sufficient for their stock, or even their milch cows? “My cows have plen ty of shucks, and still 1 can’t get any milk,” says many a farmer. Well, how many do yon I milk? “Why, some ten, fifteen or twenty.” Well yeur twenty cows, fed on dry shucks, will not give you as much good milk as two, fed on rutabagas, sweet potatoes, or carrots. Why, what do you suppose there is in dry shucks, to make milk? About the same that ■ there is in brown wrapping paper. They will answer a very good purpose for ordinary stock merely to fill out and distend the stomach; but when they are fed to milch cows they should be treated as follows: Have a cask or barrel, and commence with a layer of shucks. Now sprinkle a little salt, and meal, oy bran t now every four or five layers, poqr boiling water on, and so goon, until the barrel is quite full. Fermentation soon takes place, and cows will —■ eat them with avidity. With a reasonable portion of roots, one cow thus fed will give more and richer milk, than ten that are suffer ed to run at large and are fed at night on shucks. Why is it that the Northern cow is so much superior to ours? It is simply be cause they are cared for; they are housed, fed, curried and combed, with the same care that we bestow upon our blooded horses. And why shall we not do the same? Is the cow less valuable to us than the horse, and shall the animal that we draw sustenance from for our children, and luxuries for ourselves, be left exposed to the frost and rains ot winter, and to tbe scanty dried herbage of the range, whilst our horses are well housed and well fed? Hu manity forbids it, common sense forbids it, and our own self interest forbids it. If we would have the cow minister to our necessities and our luxuries, we must feed her and house her; and there is no outlay that will return to us so speedily, and for the health and comfort of our families, so profitably. Most farmers attempt to raise too many cows. They do well in sum mer, and when the milk maid returns from the cow pen, laden with the rich milk, they little heed how much the quantity will be curtailed in winter, or how much those same cows may suffer from the pinching cold am! from anenip ity stomaach. Keep fewer Cows and keep 1 them better, and you will benefit yourself, your family, and your cattle. ' Origin of Literary Degrees.—The prac tice of conferring honors of literary institu tions on individuals of distinguished erudition, i commenced in the twelfth century, when the Emperor Lotharie, having found in Italy u copy ! of the Roman law, ordained that it should be publicly expounded in the schools; andrthat he might give encouragement to the study, he further ordered that die public professors of this law should be digfofiefi will: the title of Doctors. The first person created a Doctor after this ordinance of the Emperor was Bul gatious Hugoil mis, who was greatly distin guished for bis learning and literary * labor.— Not long afterward, the practice of creating doctors was borrowed fiom the lawyers by di vines also; ih their schools publicly taught di vinity, and conferred degrees'on those Who ' had made great proficiency in that science:—- The plan of conferring degrees jn divinity was first adopted in the Universities of Bologne, Oxford, and Paris. (See Mather’s Magnolia Christi Americana, B. IV. p. J 34.) It is re markable that the celebrated Dr. Samuel , Wfisn Jiq ktid become eminent in 111- ' _T ' erature, could not obtain the degrees Os Arts from Trinity College, Dublin, though powerful interest was made in his behalf for this purposeby Mr. Pope, Lord Gower, and others. Instances of the failure of similar applications, made in favor ot characters still more distinguished than Johnson then was, are also on record. So cautious and reserved were literary institutions, a little more than half a century ago, in bestowing their honors! [Miller’s Life of John Rogers. 1 Consular Appointments —A private let ter from Washington, received in Pliiladel- I phia, states that Tench Tilghman, Esq., of I Me., has been appointed Cousal to Turks Is- land; Mr. Corwin, of Cincinnati, to Panama; l T. M. Rodney, of Delaware, to Matanzos; ■ Daniel Leßoy, of New York, brother in law :of Gov. Fish, to Genoa; Horace Smith of ■ Schuykill county, Penn., to Portugal. Marriage of Mr. Winthrop—Hon. Ro bert C. Winthrop, Speaker of the last House of Renresentatives, and member elect from the Boston District to the next Congress, way married on Tuesday last to Mrs. Lnnrn Derbv Welle*. The ceremony was performed at Boston by the Rev. Dr. Peabody. There are two English words which contain all the vowels, and io their order, viz: abatem iously and facetiously.