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Georgia Baptist Convention. The Georgia Annual Baptist Convention commenced its session in this place on Friday last, the 17th inst. There were pre tent 142 delegates, representing twenty Associations and nine Missonary and Bible Societies. The introductory sermon was preached by Rev. Robert Fleming, from Mathew 25 chap, and 21st verse. <■ At 2 o’clock the Convention was called to order, and after the usual preliminary business Rev. Thos. Stock was chosen Moderator, and P. H. Mell and C. M. Irvin, Clerks. The session excited a good deal of interest, and there was much animated discussion on the various questions that were presented to the Convention. The ministers parted with much kindness of feeling after the adjourn ment, which took place on Tuesday, the 21st. Religious services were held every day during the session. There was evidently a large amount of talent, both among the clergvman, and laymen and the churches were crowded with atten tive listeners, especially on the Sabbath. The “ "citizens of Marietta appeared interested and -** seemed to vie with each other in endeavoring to make the stay of the dqjegates pleasant and agreeable, by tendering the hospitalities of their bouses. There was, to say the least, some reluctance at parting with those friends, notwithstanding the shortness of time in which that friendship was formed. The.cause of education was one of the most prominent objects ofthe Convention. After singing and prayer the Convention ad journed to meet next year at Perry, Houston county, Georgia.—Marietta Helicon. ■ (ET We make the following extracts from a long and able article of the Macon Southern Tribune. They contain solemn truth elo quently expressed: The State or the Republic.—Tt is 7 —gloomy enough—and this gloom is made still more sombre, from the fact tnat a large por tion of our people have no distinct perceptions of a policy that ought to be and shall be pur sued to the end. When the minds of masses are resolved and the stimulus of exertion tri set uie an end is upon them, it matters little whatis the emergency—what the danger— what the labor, —all things then are possible. But when our counsels are varient, our pur poses vague or fluctuating, we might have the stupendous might of any or ail of the elements at command and waste it in doing nothing. We think ihis purposeless sort of effort, is descriptive of our part in the present unhappy controversy now raging in this Gov ernment. For it is a shame to us, that while we are distracted in our aims, there is a consis tency, a unity and a pertinacity in all that is projected by the aggressors upon our rights that has never been exceeded.” “Then what are free soil and abolition pol iticians after—what do they purpose and upon what principle do they work ? Siftlhe matter as you will, they are for legislating a moral reform, upon the South—their object is to force us to “erase to do evil and to learn to do well,” and upon the ground that this Gov 'U ernment should square its action by the law of conscience rather than by the law of the land. This is the whole doctrine. And now, when we view the powers which were origi nally conferred upon this Government—he distress which this agitation has inflicted al ready upon our people, and the ruin that is certain to follow its footsteps—the gratuitous and uncalled for misery which will be perpe trated upon every quarter of a once happy and united country; we say, looking at all this, can we extenuate the diabolical spirit which still urges on our destruction 7 We present this feebly drawn picture of the true stale of the difficulty between the North and South, that our readers may bring their minds to answer this momentous ques tion : Has not the South, in view of the past ™ history of hey wrongs and the present aspect of things, reached the point where rhe had bet ter test the determination of her enemy, anl the strength of her own arm 7 Have we not endured enough already to ask sternly of our assailants how much farther they rstan to go ? Is not the record now full enough to go to ■ trial? These are not light questions, for we think they are big with the fate of at least s eight millions of people—of a generous a noble people. ? “ For among some of those who appear to be now wavering can be singled out men who never hung back or a strong argument in ourc£7 and '•feel assured to do r believe can be done for the failing fortunes of , \the South. But yet we believe they are ‘ wrong, and that time, and a short time, will 1 ■prove they ar., when they advise us te accept 1 the present insidious overtures of misguided , friends in Congress. What will be our con dition, when, after we have released the North from her old debt of good faith, contracted as fairly as ever such debt was among men, by the Missouri Compromise act, and strengthen- ' ed her hand- Ijy **’s admission of California ? We shall ace the paltry boon for which we made thia great concession, snatched back from us. It will, assure as Northern men are faithless and venal, be robbed from us—and when we go North for our man servant and our maid servant that have fled to them for a harborer, and held up this new compact, plead sjhow we gave up the “ whole of California, with her present pretended organization,” tha' we might in the more peace and security enjoy our old rights, we shall be laughed to scorn, and be told that such a bargain was a league with the devil, and in the words of the Boston Atlas, would be a “disgrace to the age in which we live, a libel upon the Constitution, a living anathema against a Republican Govern ment and a wanton violation of the law of God.” And we shall again be told that that law is a * dead letter in the New England Sta'es.’ ” ‘We are fully convinced that ‘now’s the day and now’s the hour” to meet the question. The North, from the first, has been the ag gressor, and now let us make her feel it by forcing her to the wall. Nothing short of a moral advantage will now do us the least good for we only put the North upon a good appe tiser for plunder, when we check her by the ahort fasts of the compromises. Let her take the back track, now, for once in thirty years. Remand California back unconditionally to to her Territorial state—There let her tarry at Jeriiho,until it is fair and honest that she shall assume the place she now demands. We can force this upon the North or stop the Govern ment. And when in solemn convocation of these thirty States, from day to day, our Re presentatives shall set hy it and watch its sus pended animation, let them determine by their perplexed looks and anxious heart-lhrobbings, who is in the wrong. All we want to bring us otPmore than conquerors,’ is the firm resolve never to come off second best tn the present _ conflict.’’. —. “And as a beginning to organize in good earnest for the conflict, we second most heart ily the proposition of our distinguished cor respondent 'Southron,’ published two weeks ago. I-et the State of Georgia be represented in a grand mass meeting, to be held this sum mer, and as soon as possible, and then we can number our strength. This will be followed by adjoining States, and as voice shall ans wer unto voice, we will have but one heart and that heart but one impulse.” “Until the South is righted let a truce be de clared to all old causes of quarrel. Here on this neutral ground let Whig and Democrat meet for one struggle and one fate.” The Gain of Advertising.—The increns ing demand for newspapers, and in connection with it, the extension of advertising, is work ing a great advantage in business, especially among retailers. Thirty years ago, a store, once established, was sure to keep its custom, unless its proprietor recklessly and blindly neglected his affairs; but now no establis h ment, however popular, can retain its patronage unless it advertises and advertises extensively. This is as it should be. People, instead of running up and down to hunt an article they may happen to desire, have now only to glance over the columns of the paper and learn at once where their wants can be supplied.- Profits, too, are less, in consequence of the competition; and hence the public is supplied cheaper than formerly. A retailor who wish es to make a fortune now, must expect to sell a hundred thousand dollars worth of goods where ho used to sell twenty-five thousand and to make but one quarter the profit he did before. He cannot continue the old prices without losing his custom. His only "hanceis to advertise extensively and continually. It is useless tor him to complain ot this, as some do, who cannot understand the times. He must adapt himself to circumstances, or he will, sooner or later, be insolvent. He has in deed, but one thing to do, and that vigorously persisted in, will make him rich—it is to adver tise, to advertise, and again to advertise. W F H 17* I W D FPIIII If W li 1 11 11 “** UlilJlb BV JASES M. ’‘SITIIR. Proprietor. ‘« 3 ’ »“ ' ’ imiiEwH M H T - ■ - ■ so/roas. -t Citeraturt, (Smeral Jntcffigcnre, Tlgritulture, &r. two hollars . »■«.„ t-v.ri.Mr i- mv««. Advertisements inserted at the eusto- Or $2,50 if not paid within two months lliilTy FOrtCS• Tri-Weekly, per annum in advance Or #5.00 if not paid within two months. . ■, ■ ■ £ i ■ « • - ■ ■ 1 --- - VOLUME 111. Commercial Intelligence. AVCLSTA MARKET. Office of the Republic, ) June 6, 1850. ( COTTON—The market was dull on Tues day, and the sales of the day were about 200 bales at little easier prices than those of last week. Yesterday, the accounts of the Ameri ca being at hand, but little was done* is buyers were-uot and holders not disposed ttq press their stocks on the market. BACON.—Sales of about 20,000 lbs Bacon, hog round, and about 1200 lbs Lard, were made at 6 cents. FREIGHTS—The river remains in good order. The Oregon left yesterday with only a moderate load of cotton, and the Adams and Hancock on Tuesday, with about half loads. Very little shipping to Charleston. ARRIVAL OF THE STEAM SHIP .One week Later from Europe. Cotton market firm, and the Trade prosperous! ’The n. ws of the arrival of this vessel was telegraphed to this city on Tuesday evening. She arrived at Halifax on that day, and brings Liverpool accounts to the 25th ultimo.> The cotton market at Liverpool was firm,' and the demand steady. The week’s sales 82,000 bales, of which 6,000 were on specula tion. Fair Orleans is quoted at 7|d. The money market was steady, and consuls closed at 95f. The accounts from manufacturing districts were favorable to business. The latest advices from India would have a good effect upon commercial operations. The general political intelligence, so far as received, represent— That the withdrawal of the French army was considered to be the policy of the Minis ters to carry the new election law. That an attempt has been made to assassi nate the King of Prussia, by a Sergeant of Ar- tillery, who fired a pistol at him, the contents pf which wounded the king in the arm. * That circulation has been given to the in sulting note of Russia condemning the policy of the British government regarding the Greek question. The Paris correspondents! the London . nv' . , ' » • life maoism England, that Pal merstorrioflerof com promise had been respected, and the rrsjjch President showed a willingness to accept any' conditions consonant with the dignity of the French. The Ministers coincided with him. KfThe effect of the steamer’s rews on the eotton market in New York on Tuesday, did not cause any change either in price or de mand. The sales were 700 bales, at 12| cts. for middling uplands. Flour sligh ly declined. Sterling exchange 9 J per cent. prem. The cotton market in Charleston was de pressed on Tuesday, and only <flo bales sold at 12 cents. Augusta, ©eorgia. Thursday Morning, June 6, 1850. ETVVe solicit the attention of our readers to the numerous adverfsements to be found in different portions of our paper. All of our advertising friends are not only anxious to sell their various commodities, but desire the pub lic to examine their goods and prices, and be satisfied that goods, wares and merchandize are sold as cheap, and warranted as good, as can be had— -from those who are afraid or ashamed to advertise. En<ll ess Chain Pump. We. are pleased to call attention to Mr. Hale’s advertisement in another column in re ferance to his Endless Chain Pump. It is simple in its structure, works with the greatest facility and affords with a few turns of a light wheel (turned with a crank by hand) the most abundant supply of water. There are no pis tons or valves about it and the large stocks used tor ordinary pumpscan be dispensed with. No one with a well should be without one of these pumps. They save an immense amount of labor and can be used by a small boy or girl large enough to carry a vessel of water. The simplicity, cheapness and econ omy ofthese pumps will bring them into general use. The chain being galvanized cannot be affected by the water, which subsides as seon as the chain becomes still and always comes fresh from the bottom of the well. The stock used is light and all the work necessary is cheap and simple. No one can witness the operation of this pump without seeing at a glance that it is the best and cheapest in use. UWe learn says the Federal Union, that the following Delegates have left for the Nash-1 ville Convention: Gov. McDonald, Judge Col quitt, Messrs. Benning, Crawford, Gibson, Warner, Ramsey, Fouche, .Miller, Bledsoe, l McWhorter and Dawson. Messrs. Troup and Cooper, snys the Sa vannah Republican, have been detained by in-1 disposition. United States Senate. The following is a list of Senators whose terms expire in 1851, and whose successors have to be chosen: Hamlin, Dickinson, Sturgeon, Mason, Tur ney, Cass, Bright, Benton, Yulee, Rusk, and Dodge, of Wisconsin —ll Democrats. Web ster, Phelps, Greene, Baldwin, Dayton, Wales, and Corwin—7 Whigs. The Legislature ot Connecticut, after five ballotings, has failed to elect a Senator in the place of Mr. Baldwin. The ballotings were to have been resumed yesterday. The former votes were for Baldwin, (Whig) 94; Toney, (Dem.) 98; scattering, 25. Hon. Wm. Hendricks,the first Governor of Indiana, and the first Senatorin Congress from that State, died at Madison, Ind. on the 15th instant, aged 66. Truth willT»revail- We see that the National Intelligencer is occasionally publishing a letter from some of its southern correspondents, who bring ii to task about misrepresenting southern senti ‘ ment. It also publishes (by request) an ac count of an occasional southern meeting, held to defend the south against aggression. If there is truth on earth, in our opinion, the universality and implacabilty of hostility to shivery is owing, in's great meas ure, to the denunciation of southern defenders of our rights by southern presses and some miserably deluded eouthern men, and the false impressions which have been made on the northern mind by the Intelligencer, Washing ton Republic, and other papers issued in Washington city. This will be seen sooner or later. The southern members of Congress have seen it, hence their desire to establish a special south ern press at Washington city. We intend to speak a plain truth. The South has TWO FOES, the ABOLITION ISTS and THOSE AT HOME who lull her people into a FALSE SECURITY. The lat ter is the deadlier foe of the two. We do not charge them with being wilful enemies. But that matters net, since the results are as bad as if they are. The safety of the south demands of her to defy and repel the one and shake the ' others in some way till the scales fall from their eyes. “ The Southern Press” We would call the attention of our readers to the Prospectus, in another column, in re gard to the establishment of a Southern news paper at Washington city. Its object being to defend and advocate the constitutional rights of the South, and the especial exponent of South ern views and feelings, it should enjoy general circulation throughout the South. In the pre sent position of affairs, it cannot fail to be a most efficacious and successful advocate of Southern interests. Heretofore, none but organs reflecting the northern sentiment, have been pub lished at Washington. These journala have concealed the danger to be apprehended from the unscrupulous and unprincipled attneks upon our rights, and have grossly neglected our interests. The importance and even ne cessity of having a Southern organ at the seat of government, to counteract these-evil influ- prise commends itself to every southern heart, and should receive the cordial support of all who are interested in the welfare and political equality of our section of the Union. We hop? that the correspondent of onr bro ther Whig of ifje Wilmington Commercial is mistaken in saying that Seward controls the Cabinet. If he does, it is past redemption. [Correspondence of the Commercial.] Washington, May 28, 1850. All is quiet yet—the Congressional quarrels by no means violent. Nothing of importance consummated in either house since my last. The Republic is decidedly opposed to the com promise and lectures Henry Clay! This is Whiggery ! Gov. Seward, beyond a doubt, now controls the Cabinet, and the Corporal’s guard have opened their smart, active platoon fire upon Henry Clay,Daniel Webster, and the fathers of the Whig party generally. Oh, shame ! shame! where is thy blush? • Southern Medical Journal. We acknowledge the receipt of the June number of this ably conducted and valuable medical periodical, which has been laid upon our table by Mr. James McCafferty, publisher. It treats, as usual, upon a great variety of sub jects, which are not only interesting to the me dical practitioner and student, but to the gen eral reader. An able essay “On the Influence of Denti tion in producing Disease,” by Professor Campbell, of the Medical College of Georgia, an interesting article upon the powers and properties of “ Veratum Vivide,” or Ameri can Hellebore, by Dr. Norwood, of Cokesbu ry, S. C., and “ Observations on the use of Sulphate of Quinine in Singultus and Teta nus,” by Professor Dugas, of the Medical College of Georgia, are among the original communications. The reviews and extracts, with the Monthly Periscope and Medical Miscellany, are unusu ally interesting. This Medical Journal is among the ablest at the South, and should command a generous patronage. Published in Augusta, Ga. Edited by I. P. Garvin, M. D., Professor of Materia Medica, &.C., in "’the Medical College of Georgia. Terms, §3 per annum. Another New Boat.—The Knoxville (Tenn.) Register says: We are informed that Messrs. Williams & Co. intend putting three instead of two boats upon the river as was first intended. We hear also of four other new boats that will be introduced into the trade during the approaching season. The Franco American says that $6,000,000 have been expended in equipping the troops which sailed on the Cuban expedition, and two millions more remain at the disposal of promi nent citizens of New Orleans, who are inter ested in the movement. Hail.—The Columbus Times of the Ist inst. says: We understand a severe storm of hail fell, fifteen or twenty miles above this city, day before yesterday. The damage to the I crops is represented •’s serious. After several days of intense hot weather on Wednesday ' evening, we were visited with a heavy rain, which continued in heavy showers for some 36 hours. This morning it has cleared off un : commonly cool. Accounts have been received from Bahia to the 20th ultimo, which state that the yellow ; fever was making terrible havoc on the coast. An Ordinary License.—A neat little girl, apparently about nineteen, says the Frederick Herald, Md., a few days ago entered the I Clerk’s office, and removing her bonnet, in | quired of the Governor. “ Have you any license to dispose of?”—“ Yes madam; will vou have a retailers or an ordinary License?” ‘An ordinary will do, Doctor, I am only going j to marry a little Dutchman I” AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, TUESDAY MORNING, JUNE 11, 1850. O’We copy the following from a paper that favors the compromise, and has been al ways moderate in the expression of its view* upon the slavery question. Its correspondent, usually dispose! to trust to the conservatism ofthe Northern people, tells us now that “the only two principles of action known to the northern members of Congress are fidelity to their party and OBEDIENCE to the ANJ TI-SL.I.VRR-Y FEEWtNG o/'lAeiv CONSTm TUENTS.” He then says “ The parties are BROKEN UP. But there is safety for them in OBEDIENCE to local prejudices.” “All they intend to do is to secure themselves with their constituents.” Then, we may know what the result will be. For, at th? North, (and by the North, which term we frequently use, we mean, in this connection, all the nonslave holding States) there is among the masses a universal hostility to our institution. It is os plain as the nose on a man’s face, and he wh» would now tell the people of the South that our Northern bretheren are conservative and inclined to justice, if in earnest, could’nt tell the difference between Africa and a “nigger” and, if not in earnest, would as soon declart that they are one and the same thing as any other way. The Charleston correspondent further says, “they do not hesitate to say that they care not whether the South withdraw from the Union or not,” and again “There will never be anoth er Presidential election, unless a very great change taken place in the feeling of the coun try.” If the first of these statements be true, we pity the sickly and degraded condition to which the South will be reduced, unless her people unite and fortify their hearts for that defence of their independance and equality which can alone save them from it. Much has been said about Disunionists at the South, because eouthern men have dared to hint at a possible dissolution of the Union, unless Northern vandalism could be checked. It will yet be seen, that the only way to preserve the Union as well as the rights of the South will be for the people of the South to unite in demanding exemption from it. The South must demand justice and submit te nothing short of it, for each - submission in vites a new wrong and would continue to do it, till we should be compelled to dissolve the Union, or submit quietly to the chains of the oppressor. Washington, May 31. Congress again pauses for the purpose of paying proper respect to the memory of the dead. South Carolina appears to be an espe cial mark for the insatiate archer, death. Mr. Elmore, though in delicate health, was net supposed to be ill, till within three or four days. His disorder is said to have been neur algia, but he died of consumption of the bow els. His funeral will take place, to day, at 12, o’clock. There is nodanger that SouthCaro- lina will lose her vote on any important ques tion, by this unexpected disaster. The Sen ate will not be in session next week at all, and they have no intention of taking any vote on Mr. Clay’s scheme for some weeks. About ten days hence they will begin to discuss the whole question over again. I find that some persons who have can vassed the Senate, are of the opinion that Mr. Clay’s bill will be killed by a side blow—that it will be indefinitely postponed by a vote of 32. Unless some changes should take place, on the part of the Southern or North ern men, this will be the case. The prospect of an adjustment of pe ding difficulties is not so good as it was some weeks ago. There is no consistency in the course of Congress, and, in the House, the voice of patriotism is never heard. On the part of most of the Northern members, sectional and party feeling have been succeeded by entire apathy and indifference. The only two princi ples of action knqjvn to them are fidelity ta their party and obedience to the anti-slavery feelingot their constituents. The parties are broken up. The Northern members now un hesitatingly declare that they do not care a straw what may be the issue of the slavery question. All they intend to do is to secure themselves with their constituents. They do not hesitate to say that they care not whether the South withdraws from the Union or not. On the part of the Southern men, they now avow the opinion that the question is one that is incapable of adjustment. On Tuesday week the House will stop all debate in Committee on the California bill, and firoceed to consider amendments. It is use ess to predict the result —but the signs are un favorable to any adjustment. This Congress must expire and a new one be elected, under better auspices, before any beneficial action can be expected. Among the Whigs, personal rivalries and I jealousies obstruct harmonious action. Henry Clay is denounced by many of them as a fac tionist, and a traitor to the Whig cause, an as pirant for the Presidency—the Presidency ! There will never be another Presidential elec tion, unless a very great change takes place in the feeling of the country. Flour Mill. A new Flour Mill has recently been erected in Atlanta. It is stated that the Company concerned have a capital of $30,000, and are determined to manufacture as fine an article of Flour as any establishment in the United States. There can be no doubt as to the pro fitableness of such enterprises in a wheat growing section. Powers’ Eve—A letter from Hiram Pow ers has been received in Charleston, dated May Sth, which says that the statue of Eve, which was executed foi Col. Preston of Co lumbia, and lost by the shipwreck of the “ Westmoreland” has been recovered, but the ship was for so long a time filled with putrid water, that the statue will be, more or less damaged—not ascertained as yet how much. Congressional Election in Massachu setts. —The ninth trial, to elect a member of Congress from the 4th Congressional Dis trict, in Massachusetts has resulted in no choice, although only two candidates, Messrs. Thompson, (Whig,) and Palfrey, (Free Soil,) were in the field. It would seem from the vote given that most of the Democrats voted for Palfrey the Free Soil candidate. About five hundred scattering votes prevented an election. The Chattanooga Advertiser states that about 11,000 bales of cotton have passed I through that place during the past season. The Compromise and the Con stitutionalist. We are gratified to see that the Constitu tionalist has found itself compelled to repudiate the compromise of the committee of thirteen. We felt satisfied that it could not finally sanc tion the measure. Our Democratic neighbor, and" Athens cotemporary of the Whig, were the apparent indifference of the NaslTville Convention and kindred questions. But we should remember that thousands of the people have looked to the papers they read for light, and the light has been in many instances withheld. The Southern Address us that the peo ple of the Syuth have been lulled into a false security. The more leason there is, then, for us not to iiespair, not to give up, but to unfold the truki to their gaze. We do not expose the infidelity, or duplicity, or ruinous error, of Southern papers or individuals, be cause we wish to harm them. By no means, we strike at them because, in that way alone can we protect die people who depend upon them for a true exposition of the state of pub lic affairs. With .hese remarks we introduce a few extracts from the Constitutionalist: The Nashville Convention—What may we Hope from it 7—The eyes of a consid erable portion of the Southern people are now hopefully turned to the Southern Convention as the means yet in reserve to rally the South to some definite action for the vindication of her rights. Her Representatives in Congress cannot unite upon any plan. The Southern press is divided, and advocate views as wide asunder as the poles. The scheme of com promise proposed by the committtee of thir teen, has only added to the discord. Southern opinion is divided as to the nature and extent of the amendments necessary to make it ac ceptable, or even endurable to the South. No matured and well considered scheme, feasi ble in its character, and promising “finality” to the controversy, has yet been prepared by a Southern man and submitted to the South ern members of Congress for their united sanction. Nor has any well digested series of amendments to the compromise scheme, constituting a complete and harmonious plan, yet been offered to Southern members. Some are for the compromise as it is—some for it with tmendments—some for one amendment —some for another. Some are for repudiating and rejecting the whole scheme as unaccepta ble in ill its features. In tips state of the case, we are compelled to pronounse the compromise scheme a failure at the South. We are convinced from what we can see by our exchanges, from Southern speeches in MgjtlgrMs, >• id~frc:?. our private correspond on the basis of the Missouri Com- the South can be united. This nromMplished, all is accomplished, for the accouw, united, can dictate the terms of settle. South® ment®at compromise, (Mr. Clay’s) will not ThHwn. It is destined to fail. It is not im go dqfcr now for the South to propose a compro propS Nashville Convention propose one. do so acting har *We are moniously and unanimously in so hope that it will be such a compromise as the South will unanimously sanction and sustain. Let the Missouri Compromise line be one of the features of it, as to the territorial question, and we believe the Soutii will be rallied to it. California, then, may come in shorn of her vast proportions, and the South will be secured an outlet to the Pacific. Incendiaries. A reward of one thousand dollars has been offered by the City Council of Charleston for the apprehension of any persons who were en gaged in the fire of I uesday night, and the Charleston Insurance and Trust Company have offered a like reward for the apprehen sion of any person who was concerned in ei ther of the late fires which have proved so dis astious to that city. It is to be hoped that the authors of these destructive fires may speedily be brought to justice. The Day Star of Truth. We have received the May number of this valuable monthly, devoted to the cause of Ed uertion and general improvement, edited by Rev. J.D Reagan. The office of publication has been changed to Milledgeville, to which place the editor requests publishers, &.c. to direct their favors. Henry Clay’s Hogs.—The citizens of Cincinnati, the headquarters of hogs and bris tles, were thrown into a ferment by the appear ance of several queer specimens of the hog species, on theirjwayjto Ashfend, for the pens of Mr. Clay. They were labelled “ African Hogs,” being as black as milnight, and are described by the Cincinnati Dispatch as “ queer fish, with awful big mouths.” Mrs. Osgood’s last Poem.—The follow ing beautiful lines, the last which were ever penned by Mrs Frances S. Osgood, whose death, by consumption we noticed last week, like the swan’s last dying song, are touching and melancholy. It is said they were “ ad dressed to a lovely young girl who came a few evenings before her death to amuse her and attempt to divest her of the presentment she entertained, that she should die before she again beheld the fruits and flowers es summer and the rosea of June.” You’ve woven roses round my way And gladdened all my beiag; How much I thank none can say Save only the All-seeing. May He who gave this lovely gift, This love of lovely doings, Be with you whereso’er you go, In ev’ry hope’s pursuings! I’m going through the Eternal gates Ere June’s sweet roses blow! Death’s lovely Angel leads me there— And it is sweet to go. May 7,1850. Hon. Daniel Wallace. We have received a copy of a letter addres sed by this gentleman to his constituents of the First Congressional District of South Car olina, in which he takes a just and compre hensive view of the present state of affairs in reference to the great question agitating the Union, and calls upon them to stand firm at this particular crisis. He reviews also the va rious schemes of compromise pr rposed to set tlethe controversy. We are indebted for our I copy to die Hon. J. L. Orr. • [For the Republic.] To Teuchern No 4. Before taking leave of the subject of my last article, I would remark, that the subject of lexicons can be satisfactorily dismissed in a lew words. The two principal editions are Walker’s and Webster’s, which have been re vised by different authors; the former princi pally by Smith of London, and Cobb, the lat ter, in'Quarto, hasAeen published Under the charge of Mr. Webster, one of the Professors of Harvard University, Cambridge. In addi tion to these, Mr. Worcester has published an Elementary and Comprehensive Dictionary of his own, which is nothing more than a revised compilation of Dr. Webster’s quarto. A few copies of this work are occasionally to be met with in our schools. Walker’s Boston School Dictionary is more extensively used than any other, and is far preferable on account of its convenient size, excellent print, cheap price, and durable binding. It is decidedly prefera ble to any other in spelling classes, and bids fair to supercede all other editions in our pri vate schools and academies. That good readers are seldom met with in the South, is a fact which cannot have esca ped the notice, even of the most superficial observer, who is competent to decide. This is attributable to two causes: one, the inexcusa ble neglect of*teachers of this all important duty ; the other, the want of appropriate books. We have been characterized abroad as a money loving people, and to a considerable extent we are; but there is another prominent feature equally characteristic of us as a nation—we are emphatically a newspaper reading people. There is scarcely a nook or corner in our widely extended country into which these cen sores morum et temporum have not penetrated. And it not unfrequently happens that it falls to the lot of one of the company to give the ex pected news, which frequently proves to be a labor, more arduous than any ever undertaken by Hercules. A drawling, monotonous tone of delivery, an occasional passage of spelling, and a partial repetition usually accompanies the occasion, and a full drawn breath con cludes the literary banquet to the indefinite re lief of the reader and audience. We are ac tuated by no censorious spirit in these remarks, but purely a desire to point out the defects ari aing from our present system of education. This is no fancy sketch ; it bears the impress of truth and soberness. These correctly traced, as I before observed, to negli gence and the want of proper books. How rarely is it the case that teachers impress upon their pupils the necessity of modulating their voices to that pitch used in conversation, and requiring their rigid adherence to that tone except where the emphasis requires it to be varied. The mention of even this single ex ception is, perhaps, unnecessary, as all the va rious, natural and expressive tones of speech are borrowed from conversation, as here- The plan of instruction tofore pursued, was altogether an ercise, and quite as likely to make a good read er as chalk and water pressed together to make a good cheese. And yet how few per sons are adfare of the fact that they are not good readers. Selections of reading matter for schools should be accommodated to the un derstanding and voice of the pupil. The sub jects should be such as he is perfectly familiar with ; the style assimilate as near as possible to that of ordinary conversation, and the gra dations be easy, inculcating a single principle at f time. Dr. Blair remarks: “It is essen tial to a complete reader that he minutely per ceive the ideas, and enter into the feelings of the author, whose sentiments he professes to repeat; for how is it possible to represent clearly to others what we have but faint or in accurate conceptions of ourselves ?” It is the knowledge of this fact that consti tutes my main objection to most of the read ing books now in use in our. Southern schools and academies. That many of them are, not stall, adapted to our peculiar feelings and po litical institutions, will be satisfactorily shown in the progress of this article. How some of them ever found a home south of Mason & Dixon’s line, is a matter of astonishment to any reflecting Southerner. If our Northern brethren can feel the necessity of using the following language as an excuse for compil ing a school book for the use of their schools, how much more applicable is this necessity to our own condition both social and political ? “This country haspolitical institutions of its own;—institutions which the men of each successive generation must uphold. But this they cannot do, unless they are early made to understand and value them. It has a history of its own, of which it need not be ashamed; —fathers, and heroes, and sages, of its own whose deeds and praises are worthy of being “said or sung” by even the “mighty masters of the day,”—and with whose deeds and praises, by being made familiar in our childhood, we shall be not the less qualified to act well our part, as citizens of the republic. Our country, both physically and morally, has a character of its own. Should not something of that character be learned by its children while at school?” The above extract is taken from the “Pre face” to the “National Reader” by Jno. Pier pont. Though it bears the imposing title of “National Reader” an examination of the con tents discovers the fact that there are to be found in it but three articles from the pens of Southerners; two from the pen of Mr. Jeffer son, and a short extract from the memorable speech of Patrick Henry on British Aggres sions, making the third. So much for its ti tle. This objection stands good, to a great extent,against several other popular works no vin use in our schools. Among these may be emumerated “Introduction to the Na tional Reader and American First Class Book by the same author, the Cla sical Reader by Emerson. Sullivan’s Series of Reading books, the Young Reader, the New York series of i School Books, Nos; 1, 2 and 3, besides these al- I ready mentioned as combining Spelling and Reading of which there are at least three or NUMBER 24. four different series. That a book does not contain a fair proportion of Southern produc tions should be a valid objection to its adop tion into our schools and academies; but my opposition does not rest upon that fact alone but to that covert and in some instances, open and deadly hostility, to our peculiar institution, to assail which, no opportunity is suffered to pass unimproved. Examine our reading books and satisfy yourselves upon this all im portant subject. Let a sow extracts suffice for proof of my assertion. I take from the English Reader, an old acquaintance, and one of the most universally used reading books we have ever had, the following extracts. “And what colour of excuse can there be, for the contempt with which we treat this part of the species; that we should not put them upon the common footing of humanity; that we should only set an insignificant fine upon the man who murders them; that we should as much as in us lies, cut them off from the prospects of happiness in an other world, as well as in thia ; and deny them that which we look upon as the proper means of attaining it?” These sentiments, it will be remembered were penned when the north had not taken that stand upon this subject which it now occu pies, nor developed that full spirit which actu ates it now to such deadly hostility. We give another from the same work. He finds his fellow guilty of a skin Not color’d like his own ; and having powe’r T’nforce the wrong for such a worthy cause, Dooms and devotes him as his lawful prey, And worse than all, and most to be deplor’d, As human nature’s broadest, foulest blot, Chainshim, and tasks him, and exacts hisswjat With stripes, that mercy, with a bleeding heart Weeps when she sees inflicted on a beast. Then what is man 7 and what man seeing this, And having human feelings does not blush And hang his head, to think himself a man ? [Cowper. This extract might be extended much fur ther but sufficient has been given above to satisfy any one of the completion of some of its parts. A couple more extracts from a work more universally known than the one above, the Columbian Orator: The first is taken from the “Slaves in Barbary.” Officer, “ In his social glee, he ordered six dozen of port, gave Liberty and Independenee for a toast, sung an ode to Freedom ; and after fancying he had kicked over the tables, broken all the glasses and lay helpless on the floor, gave orders attended by a volley of oaths, to have fifty of his slavp,° thirty stripes each tor singing aTTbeHy-song'in echo to his own; and six more to be hung up by the heels for petitioning him for a draught of milk and water, while he was revelling with his drunk en companions. Then waked up and exclaim ed, oh! happy America! farewell, forever! Justice! thou hast overtaken me at last!” The next is a “ General Description of America,” a poem spoken at Dartsmouth Col lege. “ But weep humanity, the black disgrace, And spread thy blushes o’er oppression’s face! e " Ye sons of mirth, your bowls, your richest food with fraternal tears and blood, his master’s rod But nature wrong’d Those are sentiments as strongly spiced ” with abolitionism, as ever emanated from the most rabid of the Garrison school. Now sirs, I ask you, are these proper books to be placed in the hands of our youth ? Do we expect to have our peculiar institutions defended and perpetuated by the dissemination of such sen timents among our youth ? Is this the way to make them the zealous defenders of our rights ? How will they ever become familiar with our distinguished authors, if all their productions are entirely excluded from our school-books ? Is it not a notorious fact that we are more familiar with the literary characters of the North than the South ? While we are made familiar with their style and language we are not even suffered to learn the names of our own. BURKE. [To be continued.] The Alabama Monitor, (Whig,) alluding to the plan of establishing a Southern Press at Washington, says; “ This is a matter of more importance than many will, perhaps, be disposed to consider it. There can be no doubt that much of the exci ted feeling at the No th, upon the subject of slavery, arises from ignorance of the condi tion of our slave.population. The fiendish in genuity of political abolitionists —of such men as Wm. L. Garrison and others of the same stamp, whose only object is to secure office and notoriety by exciting and pandering to the prejudices of the mas-es, is taxed to portray slavery in colors at which humanity must shudder. “ Much good, then, may be effected even in this single particular—by representing slavery in its just and true aspects. Curiosity, alone, will perhaps induce Northern men to receive and to read a journal devoted exclusively to the consideration of this all absorbing topic The prejudices which have been instilled into them by education,and which have been nur tured by these unceasing and unrefuted slan ders upon the South, may be, to some extent, removed ; a more healthful tone of public opi nion may be created, and the disposition which has of late begun to manifest itself at the North, to put down the fanatical wretches, whose incendiary designs threaten the safety of the Union, may be strengthened and ex tended.” Mesmerism in the Parkman Murder.— A Boston despatch to the New York Globe says: “A statement has been forwarded to this city and placed in the hands of Professor Brondon, by whom it was transferred to Mr. D. Duke, counsellor at law, to the effect that a clairvoyant named Fritz, in Northern New York, has recently made the most extraor dinary revelations in relation to the Parkman murder. The clairvoyant is a youth of ten years of age, of German parentage, and has never left his native place, being put in the mesmeric sleep. Young Fritz described with extraordinary minuteness, the towns and cities on the way to Boston, then the Medical College, where the bloody deed is alleged to have been perpe trated.the manner in which the act was com mitted and finally the precise spot in Charles river where the body of Dr. Parkman can now be found. The matter will be placed in the hands of R. G. Shaw, Esq., who will pursue the in vestigation or not, as circumstances may dic tate. It is altogether a very singular case, and doubtless will afford considerable food for the lovovs of the marvelous before it is con cluded. By telegraph to Charleston Mercury. The Southern Convention. Baltimore, June 3. The Southern Convention assembled lhi< day at Nashville. It was called to order at A o’clock, P. M. by Hon. A. V. Brown, Ex-Gov ernor of Tennessee, and prayer was offered by Rev. J. B. Ferguson. In conformity with a resolution adopted at a preliminary meeting, it was resolved that iu the organization and business of the Conven tion, the vote would be taken by States, each delegation giving one vote. The following gentlemen were elected offi cers of the Convent on: Hon. William L. Sharkey, of Mississippi, President. Hon. Chas. J. McDonald, of Georgia, Vice President. » William F. Cooper and E. G. Eastman, Esqs. of Nashville, Secretaries. The President addressed the Convention at some length in regard to the objects contem plated in its assembling. Their purpose was not the dissolution, but the perpetuation of the Union, and they had met to consult upon the proper measures to prevent, the great ca lamity with which the Union was threatened. After a brief discussion in regard to the credentiale of Delegates, it was ordered that a committee of one from eacii State be appoin ted to receive and register the name of the Delegates in attendance. On motion of Hon. R B. Rehett, the Con vention adjourned until 10 o’clock to-morrow. The Convention wlli reject Clay’s Compro mise. The Washington Union. Edmund Burke, Esq., who for the past year has been associated with Mr, Ritchie in the editorship of the Union, announces his with drawal, in that paper of Friday last. Death of Hon. F. 11. Elmore.—We no tice that large meetings have been held in Charleston and Columbia to pay a fitting tri bute of respect to the memory ol this distin guished gentleman. Touching and eloquent addresses were delivered by various persons'" and resolutions were introduced expressingthe profound feelings of regret with which the melancholy news was received and of sym pathy with the family of the deceased, in thsir irreparable loss. The following account of the cause of his death is taken from a letter dated, Washington, May 31st. On his arrival here, he was met by cold, damp, cheerless, weather, which seemed in stantly and absolutely poisonous to his sys tem. Debilitated before his arrival by a pul monary affection, which had long been secretly undermining his constitution, neuralgia at tacked him, and appeared to be concentrated on his l owels. This assault he had not strength to sustain, and under this fatal combination he soon sunk to rise no more. Florida Sugar.—Hie Savannah Geor. of the4th inst., say-: “Theschr. O. K. arrived on Saturday from Jacksonville, brought 128 hogsheads of Florida sugar from the plantation of Capt. H. R. Sadler, on St. Johns river. This is the largest shipment of sugar from Florida, ever made to Savannah. It is a good article, and brings a fair price in our market. East Florida is well adapted tn the sugar busi ness, which we learn is every year. The crop is perhaps more profitable than any other which can be planted. The soil and climate is well adapted to its successful growth. , Mr. Calhoun’s Remains.—The Washing ton correspondent ofthe Philadelphia Bulletin, in noticing the adjusting of the body of Mr. Calhoun for removal from Washington, says : The body was not taken from the coffin, but the head was raised, and a curled hair pillow placed under it, in order to preseve it from jolt ing about, by the action of the conveyance, on its way to Charleston. The flesh of the face presented its natual hue, with perhaps slight shade more of sal ow in the complex ion ; but the expression remained unchanged. The eyelids had parted, and revealed his eyes, still lit up with their former brilliancy, appearing rather to belong to the statesman living, than to one “whose voice no longer breathed music to the ear, logic to the mind, nor reason to the senses.” I have rarely see*« a contrast so marked—eyes so full and lifea tike—eves-ever rpipr.rk-.b!'' for Jhnjjt tensitv of language—compared with the ghast ly mortality of the lips, reduced to the thin ness of a wafer, and remaining apart in per sistence of every effort to close them. It ap peared what the latter had lost, had been added to the former, but in other respects the coun tenance was much the same as it was in life. Excusable Embrace.—A little before 9 o’clock yesterday morning, as the train was going out for Newark, when rounding Bergen Cut, the engine was closely upon a gen tleman and lady, who were walking up the track. The locomotive squealed and they jumped across on the other track—but horror! Just ahead was another train, from Ramapo, on this track, and the next moment would hurl them into eternity. They had no room on the track, from the embank which train woul t,utß, . d ® s paralyzed , But th ment —and not v . , . , , c . . .1, seized the lady pass first, were next moment the 'S • r narrow wa.k li.tvv. in Ili I, aceil her dns-> m the cowcatcher from hooking awaited tm ir fate. The two .. them at the -ame moment, roaring a. dering on, but neither the gentleman were injured—more than an awful Jersey City'Sentinel. Power’s Statue of Mr. Calhoun.— The New York Tribune has seen a fine da guenotype, which a friend of Mr. Powers has just received from Italy, of his anxiously ex pected statue of Mr. Calhoun. It represents the great Senator in the Roman cos'ume, stand ing beside a trunk of the Palmetto, support ing his left arm, in the hand of which is held a scroll with these words: “Truth, Justice and the Constitution.” The head, of impressive iflid majestic dignity, is erect, and the right hand points with imposing significance to the inscription, which is held aloft soas to be nearly upon a level with the head. The impressions received by several critics,of the finest capa cities, from an inspection of this representa tion of Mr. Power’s statue, is such, that they unhesitatingly pronounce it one of his chief triumphs, and a demonstration of his ability to excel as much in the statue as in the bust— his absolute supremacy in which has already been acknowledged by all the world. New Post Office. —The Postmaster Gen eral has established the following new office in Georgia: Oglethorpe, Macon county, P. J. Pemberton. P. M. MARRIED, On Sunday evening, the 2d inst., by the Rev. C. Collins, Mr. James W. Tucker, to Miss Jane Knox, eldest daughter of James Knox, Esq., of Columbia County. On the 28th ult., by Rev. W. W. Robin son, Mr. Joseph C. Brewer, to Miss Ellen A. Fleming; all of Columbus,Ga. On the morning of the 4th inst., by the Rev. Mr. Hard, Mr. James C. Lark, of Ham burg, S. C., and Mrs. Mary Ann Huit, of Mount Willing S. C. dTeD. In this city, on the 3rd inst. John Morris, son of Mr. and Mrs. Bartholemew Morris, aged one year and seven days. “ Suffer little children to come uuto me, for of such is the kingdom of heaven.” In this city, on the 4th inst. Mr. V. Crcpu, a native of France, but an old resident of Au gusta. He was a highly esteemed citizen. Os influenza, on the 29th ultimo, in Wilkea county, Mrs. Nancy Guest, aged 63 years and five months. In York District, S. C., on the 25th ultimo, Mrs. Elizabeth 11. wife of Rev. A. Whyte. ' At his residence near Greensboro’, on Mon day morning, the 27th ult., Mr. John Mont fort, in the 74th year of his age. On the 26th ult., at his residence in Gaines ville, of Chronic Diarrhcea, James Law. In Montgomery county, (Ala ,) at the resi dence of her husband, on the 22d ult., Mrs. Sarah F. Alford, wife of Col. Julius C. Alford in the 35th year of her age. Mrs. Alford was, a native of Georgia, and the daughter of Wil liam O. and Celia Baldwin, late of Montgo mery couniy. In Atlanta, on the 25th ultimo, in the 25th year of his age, Lewis Peacock, an industri ous and enterprising citizen, and one among the first settlers of that city.