Newspaper Page Text
TWO
RUSSIAN INTER
IS NOT FEARED
German Military Writers
Think December and January
Weather Will Help Trans
portation Problem.
Berlin.—Tile prospect of a winter
campaign <n Russia presents no ter
ror* to the German military writers,
now dealing with the problem of *
long continuance of the war. Far from
anticipating; a repetition of Napoleon's
disastrous er.porience In the -Moscow
campaign, they look upon the great
Corsican’* conquerors, General De
cember and General January, as allies
who will remove for them two of the
greatest obstacles to operations against
the Russians, namely, the transpor
tation problem and that of overcom
ing the natural defenses of the coun
try—lts swamps and rivers.
Tho expert of the Doutsahe Tagss
zeltung points out, too, that the Rus
sians, In order to stem the German
advance, have rolled largely on en
trenchments laid out on a tremendous
scale. Once the ground Is solidly
frozsn the construction of such works
for defense will be greatly hampered.
"Every battle has demonstrated the
vUlue to the Russians of the trenches
and other military field work*,” says
the writer. "It has been difficult in
all cases to take positions so protect
ed, and the Russian successes have
been mostly due to the Inying-out of
fortified positions In the open field.
"With the ground frozen and no
longer easily worked with pick and
Shovel, the laylng-out of earthworks
will he made extremely difficult, and
the Buss Inn*, whose forte from the
ttmos of Napoleon to Mukden, has
lain In the defence of field fortifica
tions, will thue lose the most Impor
tant factor tn defensive tactics.
“Troop* operating on the offensive
must deal with the ’flfHi element,' ae
Napoleon called the Rughinn mud. In
the winter the had roads aro covered
with snow and may then be used by
Sleighs, anil the great rivers and
swamps which form the principal fac
tors In the Ru 'tan defense lines will
then he covered with lee, permitting
easy crossing everywhere.
"The Idea shat winter was the beat
season In which an attack on Russia
might he made Is that of a genial sol
dier of history. Charles XII of Hweden,
who afterward* demonstrated the cor
rectness of his conclusion. He waited
With his advance into Russia in 1707
until cold weather had set In, and
after the rivers and swamps of Poland
hsil been frozen over, he crossed the
Visliila on December "9 and advanced
rapidly as tar as Wlltiu, where he In
tended to overtake tho retreating Rus
sians. The enemy, however, relrest
«d again, and this whiter campaign
brought no result, because King
Charles could not get the ljusslans to
stand.
"Napoleon counted on the ntd of
winter in his campaign in 1808. But
ithe weather wan against him. De
ncciftber of that year left the roads
as soft as they had been in the au
tumn, and the French were obliged to
Quarter themselves upon the Poles and
"alt for cold weather. Frost finally
came on Fchruary and six days later
lha battle at Prussia n-Eylnu was
flught. Napoleon, as well ns King
|l'lmrle». availed themMeivea of the op
• peril m tty offered by harder roads and
fror.en rivera.
'As < 'nrl Bleihtrau in his work on
the campaign of Napoleon in Russia
In 1812 has shown, it was not the cold
that demanded the greatest sacrifices
in human lives Napoleon lost 200.000
' *>" bis advance into Russia and
only 100,000 men on his retreat. It
was also shown then that the Rus
sians suffered as much from the cold
as did the French and that both armies
were hampered by the Ice. Napoleons
retreat was due to a shortage of pow
der. only one-half of the quantity
thought available being on hand. The
supply service Imd failed altogether"
Major Moraht. the military expert of
The Tagehlatt, points out that rail
roads have also revolutionised rendi
tions alneo Napoleon's time. Railroad
construction how advances almost as
last as an army anil to an army pro
vided with half a dorrn lines of steel
leading back to its base the problem
of ammunition and food supply pre
sents no difficulties, even in Russia.
marriage increase
CAUSED IN BERLIN
ACCOUNT OF WAR
Berllnc- 'TVar marriages" will ma
rlaJly Increase the number of mar
rlagea for Berlin this year When
the war broke out many officers and
In some cases privates of the reserve
and landwehr decided to marry on l tie
«ve of their departure for the front
with th* result that August, inti’,
ahows a total of marriages for Berlin
of 6,783 as agnlnst 1,»(>9 for the same
month of last year, in the mobilisa
tion week. August 2-8. 8.841 marriages
were made, of which the largest num
ber win due to the outbreak of the
war. The first seven months of 1914
showed 11.829 marrtagea as against
11.820 In 1911
It Is believed here that the nnniher
of marriages In Berlin due to the war
I* dot far below 4.600. Rome of them
had been planned for the autumn and
winter seasons, and tt is expected that
for this reason on 'lie average for
these mouths will fall below normal
This has already hern demonstrated
by tho records for September, In
which month 1.670 marriage# took
place as against 1,832 In Bcptemhci,
1»1* For 1914. up lo and Including
September, the nun.her of marriages
la 18,438 ns against 14.761 for the same
period of 1918
The outbreak of the war has also
materially Influenced for the better
Ibe legit uni tat ion of children born out
of wedlock. In nearly all cases this
was done hy the fnther of the child
marrying Its mother. While In Au
gust. 1918. only 188 children were le
gitimised. their number In August.
1914. was 1,048, of which number all
but five were given a proper status
before the law by marriage. In the
first seven months of 1914 only 1 409
children were legitimised as again#!
1,492 for the same period In 1918.
Do your Christina* shop
ping early and avoid the
rush. There’s no time like
the present.
It will pay to say “I saw it
in The Herald.”
FINISH PANAMA
CANAL IN HOT
Gov. Goethals Issues “Hurry-
Up” Call. Determined to Have
“Ditch” Finished Before Time
Set.
Panama.—A hurry-up order ha.s
been issued by Governor Goethala for
| the completion of the canal. The time
I limit set by congress 's July, 1916,
und Colonel GoethaL is determined
that the lust of the finishing touches
In every department from dredging to
; lands -ape gardening shall he complet
c,i ahead rather than behind time.
Colonel Goethals himself Is setting a
pure, and may he seen often nt work
.in the Administration Rulldtrig at
! Balboa late at night.,
i .Men and machine* now on the Isth
mus are said to he working harder
j than at any timo since the great work
| started, ten years ago.
, livery morning Golonel Goethals
I appears a' some part of tho work,
where he has not. fioen for several
! days previously, to hurry things along,
i There Is the, cane of the sleam shovels
j delving Into lhe side of Sosa Hill for
| (he rock that goes to form the east
I breakwater in front of Golon Harbor.
<m each one Is a lingo placard which
shows tho numbers of ears loaded as
(he work progresses. For every Job
a mark has been sst to he surpassed
if possible.
The System.
On Sosa Hill the man who has
charge of loading the cars that take
the rock fifty miles across the isth
mus to the new breakwater is work
ing against the man In charge of the
transporting of those same cars those
fifty miles while the man who un
loads them out near tho end of the
two-inilo trestle Is rushing things so
that he will always he Just a little
ahead of the other two. At present
there are 200 to 200 cars of rock sent
him every working day.
Out in Culebra Cut, where a large
slide recently choked the channel for
a few days and canal traffic came to
a standstill with a large number of
shipH seeking passage through, dredg
mg erases only during the eight day
light hours when the canal Is used for
navigation. The other IS hours are
devoted to the fsetest ilredgtng Hie
canal has ever seen. The men work
in two shifth and ns they eat and sleep
on the dredges no time Is wasted.
Their work In handling the recent
slide and re-openlng the canal to traf
fic within five days won for them high
commendation from Colonel Goethals.
FRENCH LAD OF
11 IN TRENCHES
Mother Died Short Time After
His Father Had Joined in
War--Youngster Tired of
Solitude.
Dieppe. The youngest French sol
dier, tvi urchin of 11, Is In the trenches
on the Oise. He Is a native of Glr
otnsguy. His mother died not long
after Ills father left home on the day
of general mobilisation.
Finding the solitude of hts home
unbearable, and In the hope of being
able to find hts fnther, lie ot\p doy set
out on foot from tits native village
and attached himself to the 7th squad
ron of , which he persistently
followed. In spite of the many threats
held out to him of packing him off to
(liromaguy, lie refused to leave hts
newly made friends.
Touched by his many little acts of
service and devotion to the regiment,
the men soon adopted the little fellow,
making him a uniform and even en
trusting hint with a rifle,
"'Vie is not only devoted to the regi
ment," said one of hts cotnpanlone-ln
nmis with no little emotion, "hut our
young waif is a real handyman, and
full of cournge. Ho has not once
flinched when the enemy have greeted
us on our arrival In the firing line,
with a hull of shrapnel of the whtsstng
of bullets from a machine gun. One
day our "petit lapln"—for so have they
nicknamed him fired at some Uhlans,
lie was as cool and aa plucky as any
uuo else, and shot remarkably well.
You can trust him with any Joh, and
i he is In charge of one of our wagons,
lie has become the spoilt child of the
regiment."
The Paris police vainly attempted
Hue day to send this Infant hero bask
|to hts home. *Tm a soldier," declared
ithe urchin, "and a soldier 1 shall re
!main as long as there 1» a German
j left to fight agnlnst."
And the police did not insist.
Philadelphia Fans
Turning Against
Connie Mack
T
New York, ,’onnle Mack, once the
| Idol of Philadelphia. Isn’t w hat hOMtoed
to be. His action tn asking waivers on
I tender. Flank and Coombs has turned
the Quaker City fandom against him.
In other words. Mack, although decid
edly Irish. Is "In Dutch," in desr old
1 Fhtllydetfya
Bender, Flank and Coombs were
among th# most popular of the Ath
i letlc pits'era " n< l the fact that they
never again will fight under the Mark-
I ian standard has soured fandom on the
; man w ho ts responsible for It.
Mark may have bis reasons. He
cites a few and calls them "good rea
e ns." But tn Philadelphia the fans do
not agree with him. They think oth
erwise and right now there Is talk of
I laiyrotttpg the Athletics* park next
If Fat Moran can get the rhttlles
'lnto a fairly lively stride next season
It seems certain that the Phillies will
have the attendance bulge.
"Swearing doesn't help to play the
geme." sold the vnmit minister on the
jgolf links, "liesldea, It s very wicked."
"It may be verm wicked, an' It may
jno help the playin’, but it’s a gre-eat
laid to conversation.” replied the so -
!ph stlcated caddy—l.lvlnglon Lance.
American Princess Al£s Wounded in Austria
While Husband Fights Russians
pri'ncess sulkowski.
Los Angeles. —How the Princess Sulkowski, formerly Miss Marie
Twiiilse Freese of this city, who a little over a year ago married Prince
Stanislaus Sulkowski of Austria, has been doing noble work as a Red Cross
nurse In Vienna, while her titled husband Is fighting the Russians at some
unrevealed spot on the Russo-Austrian frontier been brought hack by
Miss Katherine Freese, sister of the Princess, who has Just returned from
the war zone. Miss Freese and her mother went to Vienna to visit the
Princess and her husband nt their eastle in Vienna, shortly before the
war broke out. When the declaration of war came, the princess and her
husband hurriedly left for Vienna! the former to work In the hospitals and
the latter to Join fois regiment. f
Prosperity is Coming to This Country.
War Map of American Trade Opportunities
• - ■
Compiled by The Alexander Hamilton Institute
The Research Department of the Al
exander Hamilton Institute of New
York has Jut published the results of Its
second Investigation concerning the
effects of the war on American busi
ness. This report takes the form of
a world map upon which are Indicated
the trad* opportunities opened to
Americans because of the partial sus
pension of the commerce of the war
ring countries
Analysis of Trsde. Domestic and For
eign.
This "War Map of American Trade
Opportunities" Is the result of an
extensive and careful statistical analy
sis of the domestic trade of the United
Rtates and Canada and of the Import
and export trade of all of the leading
countries of the world. Rcnlly.lng that
the war has seriously disturbed fi
nancial condition everywhere to such
an extent that It is almost impossible
to finance sn.v business e\en though
tt may surely be benefit ted by the
present conflict, the specialists of the
Institute have paid particular atten
tion to the opportunities offered for
Industries already established and to
the commerce of those countries
wtitch, In 1913, sold more goods to the
United Rtates than theyViought from
us. This unfavorable balance which
amounts to many millions of jtollars
in some cases was presumably spent
In Europe for eomtredttles or used to
settle Invisible trade balances such as
the payment of Interest on borrowed
capital and the like.
Oyr Debt to Braxll.
Thus, Brasil last year received $77,-
090.008 more for her exports to us
than she paid for her imports from
us. Brasil, therefore, if we ignore ad
verse balances elsewhere, could have
purchased from us $77,000,000,000 more
of manufactures. It ts suggested, then,
that the war opens for us a larger
market In Braxll for arms and ammu
.nltion, cars and carriages, nutmobiles.
cemep'tt, chemicals, coal, clothing. Iron
and stnrd good, leather, machinery,
electrical machinery, electrical sup
plies, payer, photographic goods, tex
tiles. ttn plate and wood manufac
tures. The suspended Imports of Bra
xll are estimated at more than sllO,-
000.000 and. as the list Indicated, rep
resent commodities manufactured in
the United States but in the sale of
which we have been unsuccessful com
petitor# of the nation# now at war.
Opportunities in Argentina, Egypt. Etc.
The suspended imports of Argentina
are estimated on this map at ttOO,-
000,000. The potential purchasing
power of those countries of Uvntral
and South America possessing a fav
orable balance of trade against the
United States amounts to more than
$235,000,000. white the euspended Im
ports approximate a half billion dol
lara.
The United Rtates purchases in Asia
for 1913 exceeded the sales by $161,-
000.000. Egypt!'* 1 <alance amounted to
$lB 000,000; Rwltserlam). $583,000.000.
I Turkey In Europe, $8,000.001, Greece,
$2 000,000. China, $isooopoO; Japan.
I $34,000,000; and India, SIOI.OOO 000 The
I most prominent requirements of alt
ths countries are Iron and steel, tex-
THE AUGUSTA HERALD, AUGUSTA, GA. ~~
tlleV machinery', flood stuffs, paper
and chemicals.
Europe Our Great Field.
According to the map of the Insti
tute the largest opportunities for trade
expansion are In Europe. Germany
and Austria-Hungary are not consid
ered as communication with these
countries is suspended. It is suggest
ed that France needs our coal and I
coke, foodstuffs, lumber and machin
ery.
But Great Britain ts shown to be
the richest field for our goods. The
suspension of Imports from Germany,
Austria and Belgium has opened to us
a market for iron and steel, machinery,
copper goods, naval stores, arms and
ammunition, mineral oils, chemicals
leather goods and food stuffs, valued
In all at approximately $800,000,000.
The fai t * also, that the United States
ts heavily Indebted to Great Britain
for invisible trade balances, ts a fav
orable influence operating to increase
our sales to her.
Trade opportunities with Russia and
the Far East are but little known.
Uhlna. for example, furnishes a market
for almost everything manufactured
and her vast undeveloped resources
will create a purchasing power for
numerous American products former
ly supplied by the warring nations.
Domestio Opportunities.
Rut It ts not In the export market
alone that the war affords an" oppor
tunity for trade expansion. The ex
perts of the Institute estimate that the
suspended Imports In lines well repre
sented by domestic Industries nmount
to more than $400,000,000 annually.
Home Industries, have opened to them
therefore, an Immense market at their
very doors. Canada, In the same way,
must look to her own manufactures
and to us to supply goods to the value
of sllO 000,000 which can not now be
secured abroad.
Canada and the United States have
been Importing, as shown on the map,
goods of the same general classes as
those which have been manufactured
for domestic and export consumption.
The suspension of these Imports
means, then, that we need not create
new industries, but rather that w*
must double those already established.
For example, we are heavy Importers
of Belgian glass and steel, machinery,
electrical supplies, paper, all kinds of
textiles, leather goods, light hardware,
chemicals and the like. Also we ex
port considerable quantities of |hese
same classes of goods. Substitution of
American for foreign manufactures In
most lines should therefore not prove
difficult.
Tsbular Statement of American In
dustries.
In order to add further value to the
information contained op the map, the.
experts of the Research Department
of the Institute have collected and
classified data concerning 177 leading
Industries of the United Rtatee They
are arranged under the general heads
of extractive Industries, manufactur
ing Industries and public utility com
panies. Each of the industries Is treat
ed separately from several stand
points: number of people engaged;
eupttnl.employed; annual production in
dollars; total exports (dollars) and
per cent to Europe; total imports
(dollars) and per cent from Europe;
effects of the war on the foreign trade
of the industry; on prices; and other
effects.
The statements concerning the ef
fects of the war upon foreign trade,
prices, etc., in the various industries
are baaed upon tnformatioon drawn
from a large number of sources anil,
in the judgment of the Institute, rep
resent the best opinion available at
this time.
Cotton, Fruits and Agricultural Im
plements.
With the exception o? cotton and
some fruits, the agricultural indust
ries treated are all expected to be
stimulated. The annual exports
of draught animals for 1912 wes $4.-
694,00 of which 11 per cent went to
Europe. The Imports amounted to $2,-
126,00 of which 71 per cent came from
Europe. The prediction of the com
pilers of the table Is that the exports
of horses and mules to Europe will be
greatly Increased. These draught aril
reals will be sold for army use and for
industrial use to supplant those killed
in the war. Higher prices will result.
Continued high prices for several years
will stimulate a larger production.
The prosperity of the farmers in the
western grain belts Is often pointed
out to he a most Important Influence
In bolstering up an industry which
might otherwise have suffered serious
consequences. The exports of lum
ber for example, are expected to de
crease and a slackened demand for
construction purposes Is predicted. In
creased sajes however, in the grain
belt for farm improvements are also
expected. Increased sales in the grain
belt are also announced for farm ma
chinery, low-priced automobiles, barb
ed wire, pumps and windmills, harness
and saddles, furniture, musical instru
ment* and clocks and watches.
Dye Stuffs Offer Big Profits.
The dye stuffs industry also fur
nish an excellent example of the com
pleteness of the analysis imade by the
Institute experts. The annual produc
tion is estimated at $16,955, 000 while
the exports last year amounted to only
$348,000 of which 53 per cent went to
llurope. The Imports totaled $13,382,-
000, of which 84 per cent from
Europe. The war is said to have had
these effects upon the foreign trade;
almost complete cessation of imports;
recent shipments through Holland,
however, have afforded some relief;
export opportunities in same of the
lines manufactured in the United
States. A sharp rise In prices (which
has already been felt) is jjredicted. A
permanent general expansion of the
Industry is probable. The initial capital
outlay required for some lines is very
large and Is not justifiable unless the
war should seem likely to continue
for several years.
The War and Publio Utility Com
panies.
Under the general head of public
utility companies, the Institute con
siders steam railroads, water trans
portation, street and electric railways,
electric light ttnd power companies
and telephone and telegraph compan
ies. Curtailment of construction ow
ing to the inability to finance new ex
penditures and a partial suspension
of dividends is predicted in all of these
fn Sympathy With Allies, Though Pre
vented From Joining In Conflict
DUKE AND DUCHESS OF ORLEANS.
London.—Although prevented by French law from Joining the French
Army. Prince Louis Phlllippe Robert, Duke of Orleans and Pretender to
the throne of France, ts heartily In sympathy with his countrymen In their
present hour of trial. He has given out several statements attacking the
German emperor and It is reported he Is seeking a post with some other
power of the allies than France.
Although hts hope of ever gaining the throne he claims Is very faint,
the-Duke keeps up royal style and it is difficult for a “commoner' to app
roach him.
lines excepting water transportation
which, it is expected, will be stimulat
ed as the registration restrictions are
removed. The inability to finance new
construction is reflected in the iron
and steel industries, in lumber, in
builders’ hardware, in stonq,and terra
cotta and other industries supplying
allied products.
Expect a Sudden Development of Ex
port T rade.
The compilers of the map sum up
their work as foollows: "Everything
in our power has been done to check
the accuracy of these statistics, the
best authorities have been consulted
and conflicting opinions carefully
weighed.
“TherSkare too many factors of un
certainty, however, to malte predic
tions easy or authoritative judgment
absolutely safe. First of all, the un
certainty concerning the probable
length of the war makes every one
extremely cautious; then, the uncer
tainty concerning the adjustment of
the financial markets makes It almost
tmpossible to finance any' business
even though it may surely' he benefit
ted by the present conflict. The clos
ing of the exchanges, the suspension
of dividends, the foreign exchange sit
uation, the difficulty experienced in
securing the raw' and crude materials
which formerly came from, abroad, the
European contraband lists* together
with the increased ocean freight and
insurance rates, all these tend to make
foreign trade impossible or impracti
cable and to depress industry to such
an extent that, in spite of the favor
able influences, industrial leaders fear
to take advantage of new or widened
markets.”
Just as rapidly as these factors of
uncertainty' are removed, American
industries will prosper.
The Institute specialists add: For
Hie present the purchasing power of
all nations has been reduced and, ex
cept for food products and some raw
end partly manufactured materials for
the United Kingdom, we inmy expect
a sudderl development of our export
trade only in the necessities of life.
The important gain which we can now
nake is to establish trade relations,
even at a temporarily lessened profit,
which help to make the United States
nd Canada leading suppliers of the
world’s manufactured goods.”
FULL CONTROL, NATIONAL
LEAGUE HELM TO TENER
New York. —-Proxy Tener of the Na
tional league is preparing to jump into
the baseball game with both feet.
Tener’s Job as governor of Pennsylva
nia is ended and he will take full con
trol of the National League helm and
Continue as pilot for three .years to
come.
• Tener was elected for a four-,year
term as National league president last
winter. He didn’t receive any salary
for his first year, which ends Decem
ber 31, because he was holding down
the governorship job. But from: Jan
uary 1, 1915, until the end of his term
he will receive $25,000 a year.
Tener’s office will he in Philadelphia,
but he will also maintain headquar
ters in New York.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 22.
ERUPTION Oil BABY’S
HUS Hi FACE
When Two Weeks Old. Caused Irri
tation. Very Fretful. Used Cuti-
Cura Soap and Ointment. In Ten
Days Ears and Face Well.
Duke, N. O.—“'When my baby was two
weeks old, behind his ears turned red and
caused an Irritation and from rubbing It be-
came raw and stayed moist
ened all the time. At times It
would get so bad as to bleed.
He was fretful. At the time be
was eight months old he was
in a bad condition with sores
behind his ears and on his face.
“I cared for him using
talcum powders and salves
UV Y
w
and several remedies, though nothing seemed
to do any good at all till I got Cuticura Soap
and Ointment. I at once commenced to wash
his ears and face three or four times during
the day with the Cuticura Soap, dried them
with a soft cloth, then applied the Cuticura
Ointment. In ten days his ears and face
were well and no scars were left." (Signed)
Mrs. Lena Lee, Jan. 2, 1914.
Samples Free by Mail
In selecting a toilet and a skin soap why
not procure one possessing delicate emol
lient properties sufficient to allay minor
Irritations, remove rednoss and roughness,
prevent pore-clogging, soften and soothe
sensitive conditions, and promote skin and
scalp health generally? Such a soap, com
bined with the purest of saponaceous in
gredients and most fragrant and refreshing
of flower odors, is Cuticura Soap. Although
Cuticura Soap 125 c.) and Cuticura Oint
ment (50c.) are sold by druggists everywhere,
a sample of each with 32-p. Skin Book will
be sent free upon request. Address post
card: "Cuticura. Dept. T. Boston."
Population’s Right
Of Invaded Country
to Attack Enemy
London. —The fate which befell Bel
gian civilians who attacked invading
Germans has raised a question con
cerning the right of the population of
an invaded country to rise against the
enemy.
An analysis of laws on this subject
adppted at the conventions at The
Hague leads the Law Journal to the
conclusion that there is nothing in
these regulations which would confer
on the Belgians the right to resist, un
less their resistance were the work of
men who could be recognized by the
invaders as armed forces.
One section of these rules stipulates
that ‘‘the population of an unoccu
pied country which, on the approach
of an enemy, takes up arms spon
taneously to resist the invading force,
without having time to organize itself
conformably to the article about the
organization of volunteer and militia
corps, will be treated as belligerents
if it carries arms openly and respects
the laws and Customs of war." This
means, says the Uw Journal, that
those who resist the Invaders will not
be protected if they make atacks from
the shelter of houses and buildings
when once a town has been occupied.
They may meet the foe in the open
with whatever arms they can muster.
The British delegate at The Hague
Conference of 1899 proposed that the
rules be modified to give larger rights
of resistance unorganized masses,
but the plan failed of adoption.
CONCRETE PENETRATED BY
SHELLS BUT NOT EARTH
Waelhem, Belgium.—No point in the
outer circle of Antwerp’s fortifications
was as stubbornly contested as Fort
Waelhem. Its resistance to the Ger
mans’ heavy guns was due to the
comparatively little masonry 1n its
construction. It was an old-fashloned
fortification, largely earthwork.
It was demonstrated here that shells
from the German 42-centimeter guns
penetrated little more than a meter
into solid earth. At other fortifica
tions shells from these same guns pen
etrated concrete and Btone to twlc*
that distance.
The village of Waelhem lies imme
diately behind the fort, also directly
In the line of German fire that not a
building in the place, which had a
thousand inhabitants, escaped destruc
tion.
A garrison of several hundred Ger
mans is now engaged in repairing the
fort and its discarded guns. The
place is visited dally hy thousands
of Belgians, who wander over the
earthworks furrowed everywhere by
German shells and gather about the
mounds which the Germans have
heaped up over their dead.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
GERMAN, FRENCH SHELLS
Paris,—Dodging shells is described
by a young Infantry lieutenant wound
ed near Verdan and now convalescent
here as follows:
“The German shell falls almost per
pendicularly on the ground, digging a
big hole, sometimes a yard In depth.
It then bursts fountalnwise, and al
most at right angles to the ground.
You can then escape by flinging your
self on the ground. The fragments of
shell rise In an arch above you and
If they strike you at all only hit you
on the return as they fall back. The
chief mortality caused by them la
among horses, which can not be made
to lie down. The French meltnate
shell, on the other hand, bursts In
down everything for 100 yards in front
of It.
Save delay and annoyance
by doing your Christmas
shopping now. Shopping
Bargains are always found
in The Herald.
A residence without electrlo
service is scarcely moqg mod
ern today than a residence
without water service.