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THE FARM AND GARDEN.
THK BF.ST LAND FOR BRANS,
Beans require less moisture, except to
germinate, than any other grain. If they
come up evenly a few showers about the
timo the pods are forming will make a
crop if the land has been well cultivated.
A wet soil, or one containing much hu¬
mus, is not fitted for this crop. Either
a clay well drained or a gravelly sur¬
face is better than loam. The soil must
be permeable to moisture, so that if
heavy rains come, water will not stand
on the surface.—Boston Cultivator.
PURSLANE.
JS 'Phi? ^,”' low crppnim* 2 „ ,
,
»il S *ta.« ? it bj magic, *o
quickly does it spread over the ground.
It is quite easily pulled up and if left upon
rookie ^daS/if^’>^ if f M ff
wet wet o! moist. While it u one of the
most common weeds, it « by no means
M ba -,? e 1 as “ a ny othels ’ The be3t
way to . dispose of it . is . to scrape out the
8 h ? C ’ andc arry 5° m
aut of the gulden, unless one u has chick-
7thrown T h< U ma .{ be P ullec f ll P
,and thrown to them, H with a certainty
tha they will soon eat it up .-New York
^ ’
HOW TO TREAT HORSES.
The great Ax tell, who sold for $105,
000, the greatest price ever paid for a
horse, is an example of the keen sensi
bilities of the noble animal. Hi3 driver
tells us he will not even move when
hitched up if his harness does not lit
perfectly iu every respect. Horses know
as well as people when they are kindly
treated, and when used in a harsh or
severe manner, and, like people, they
possess the spirit of revenge. They re¬
member people and voices, as is shown
by the wonderful mare Goldsmith Maid,
•who, after a separation of several years
from her groom, knew his voice when
she heard him talking, although she did
not see him. The Maid at this time had
a little colt by her side and had been so
ill and cross that no one hardly dared to
come near her. Her groom hid
ymd i\ud called when he her. She from whinnied his place joyfully, of
came con
cealment she seemed in every way pos
sible to be trying to attract his attention
to her colt. He said that her joyful
whinny was as friendly a welcome as he
ever cared to receive, for it plainly
showed that the royal old mare cousid
ered him her friend, and also that she
had not forgotten the kind and gentle
treatment he gave her when he took care
of her. People should never be cruel to
horses, and it seems to me that one of
the greatest cruelties horses have to suffer
is reining their heads so high. People
say they do it to make them look stylish,
but iu reality it only makes them act and
look awkward, and besides we should
consider how tired the poor animals get
with their necks in such a position.
When you treat a horse harshly and se¬
verely can you expect him to be kind
and gentle?— Clark’s Horse Iieview.
SUBSOIL FLOWING.
Subsoil plowing, which by many is
considered as greatly improving the
chances for a crop, has nevertheless as
yet not come into anything like general
use in farm practice. This arises, no
doubt, from the fact that the benefits
to be derived from it are not common to
all soils, and also largely to the double
cost of preparation which subsoiling im¬
plies. The theory is that it is beneficial
in both dry and wet seasons—in the
former by creating \ sort of reservoir
for water in the loosened soil below the
ordinary furrow against a time of need,
when the plants may be supplied with
moisture through capillary attraction
that would otherwise have drained off
from the surface; in a wet season,
through a breaking up of the subsoil,
"jwkich allows an excess from rainfalls to
pass downward, where it would other¬
wise remain too long on or near the sur¬
face to the injury of plants.
Whatever view may be taken of these
proportions, it may safely be said that
its advantages, or the opposite, patting cannot
in all cases be predicted without
it to- the test of actual experiment on the
farm itself. In discussing this subject
in a monthly report of the Kansas State
Board of Agriculture, Mr. M. Mohler,
the Secretary, recommends the follow
ing easy method of determining whether
subsoiling does or does not possess, in
whole or in part, the merits often claimed
for it.
The plan proposed is to plow and
subsoil two or more strips, about two
rods in width, from sixteen to tweaty
inches deep, across the field selected for
the experiment and let the balance of the
field be plowed the usual depth and
not subsoiled, and let the surface prepa¬
ration of both be the same before the
planting. Then plant the field across
the subsoiled strips so that there can he
no difference in the time of planting,
and give exactly the same cure and
treatment to the entire field while the
crop is growing. Keep record and
note every ten clays the varying condi¬
tions of the weather and the differences,
if any, in growth of the plants, and
after harvesting the difference in the
yield and quality of grain. In this man
ner the question of its usefulness for such
a soil and under such conditions may be
quite satisfactorily determined.
While the suggestions of Mr. Mohler
are intended primarily for the considera¬
tion of farmers iu his own State, the
method proposed is equaily applicable
elsewhere. It may thus be used by any*
farmer in any locality as a comparatively
Sth^ouS^feldSitadSSiSl produce a sufficient increase
m his crops
to compensate for the additional ox
peuse.
SUCCESS IN KEEPING POULTRY.
It is comparatively an easy task to proi
tect poultry from both lice and mice. A
little fresh, strong insect powder dusted
among the feathers will quickly dispose
of the ono, and kerosene splashed oi
sprayed on the roosts will do away with
the other. Repeat two or three time:
durin g the summer, and once or twict
t;? the r‘r• XlSi; » iW
is bett er than I running supply brook but if H
cannot be had, the Snished m the drink
^ shou,d * several
tin ‘ cs » day during the heat of the season,
An admirable cai plan of drinking a?d fountain
is one that be made used by
every i farmer,and consists of an old bak
ug pan under a boX) with one uad
trudia S- The drinking dish, of what
ever form or material, should be fre
quentlv washed, preferably with boiling
water, and a drop of carbolic acid, ora
little piece of copperas be added to the
water. Stagnant pools, especially of
manure water in the barnyard, should
never be tolerated,especially where hens
could get access to it, as when thirsty
the foolish hen will take a drink out ol
the stinking pool as readily as out of the
purest running brook or coolest spring,
During the summer we should not be
very lavisli with the grain, Free roam
ing fowls will need very little, and that
may consist mostly of wheat or oats,
corn being given but very scautily, if
at all. Make some new nests in new
places from time to time, and renew the
litter in the old ones often. Gather the
eggs regularly every afternoon. Catch
the rats, skunks and weasels. Cure
scaly legs by dipping them in kerosene
oil. That is about all there is to it.
Only a word needs to be added about
the breed.
Any good breed, under such condi
tioas, will or should give you good re
suits. But some are better an others.
The Leghorns, either white or brown,
will fill the egg basket. The Brahmas
are fair layers, and give you a large,
plump table fond besides. Crosses of
the two are excellent. Plymouth Rocks
make with a good fowl, and you can cross
them any other pure breed, espo
cially the Leghorns, for good results. I
like my fowls to be all uniform, conse
qucutly prefer a single, pure breed, and
none has ever suited me better as a farm
fowl than the Black Laugshan.
Set the hens as fast a3 they wish to
set in spring. Make the nests on the
ground, in barrels, boxes, or nooks, etc.,
where the bird will be hidden and un¬
disturbed. Do not fuss much with tin
setting hens, After the chicks are
hatched, put them with the hen in a
coop for a few days; then, if possible,
set them free. To break up the setting
hen there is no better way than to lei
her set a week or so, then give her a
few chicks to take care of. Feed hex
well and she will soon be in laying con¬
dition again, and all the better for the
rest and change enjoyed for a few weeks.
This farm management of poultry, and
it will seldom fail to be profitable.—
Practical Farmer.
FARM AND GARDEN NOTES.
Allow each hen three square feet of
room.
Pekin ducks are best where there are
no ponds.
If kept dry and clean, earth makes a
good floor for poultry.
Ventilata your cellar into your kitchen
chimney or one in which a fire is kept.
Hens must be provided during with the warm win
shelter if they lay eggs
ter.
Eggs are easily chilled, and when
thoroughly chilled are unfit for hatch¬
ing.
Using milk to make soft feed for
u i tr y w jp be found much better than
water _
shou[d be thoroug hly cleaned
^ gc . r ubbed before new grain is stored
^ ‘
If eggs arc to , be , kept . any tnne hey
should be wasned clean as soon as they
are gatheiecb
Much loss in eggs is often occasioned
by allowing the hens to lay outside the
house.
One advantage in feeding the scraps
from the table to poultry is that it sup¬
plies them with a variety.
When fowls purchased for breeding
are brought to the yards, keep them
separate from the other poultry for two
or three days.
While the crops that are held back
for higher prices may sell to better ad¬
vantage later on, do not lose sight of the
fact that every day causes a loss of
weight. All crops are composed largely
of water, and a portion of this water is
constantly evaporating. This is made
apparent, by the fact that old seed is
drier than that which is new.
Special fertilizers for potatoes have
given wonderful yields on potatoes this
season. Sandy soils have been found
capable of giving large yields when th«
seed is properly cut and special noticed fertilizers that by
used. It has also been
th e use of fertilizers there is less rot and
disease compared with potatoes where
barnyard manure has been applied.
SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL.
An average locomotive costs $10,000.
Iron bus been rolled to the thinness of
l-1800th of an inch.
A new method to utilize coal culm has
men successfully tried.
Antimony is found extensively in Por
:ugnl, the largest beds being situated
rear Braganza.
An electric dying machine was re¬
cently made to rise to a height of seventy
feet and fly about 400 yards.
The French’make paper umbrellas,
rendered wholly waterproof by gelatined
bichromate of potassium.
By the use of the camera, with power¬
ful telescopes a new and very large crater
has been shown upon the moon's sur¬
face.
A French electrician has gotten up a
device by which he can send 150 type¬
written words per minute over a single
wire.
The sturgeon is toothless and draw's in
its food by suction, but the shark has
hundreds of teeth set in rows that some¬
times number ten.
The largest locomotive yet built in
Europe was recently sent out of the
Hirschau works in Munich, Bavaria. It
is forty-six feet over all and weighs
eighty-four tons.
Telescopic steel masts or rods are to bo
used in lighting the public squares in
Brussels, Belgium. The object of this
system is to preserve the beauties of the
parks in the daytime.
The effective range of the modern
magazine rifle is not less than a mile, and
the maximum range not less than two
miles. There is danger from richochet
up to a distance of a mile.
As heat resistants we may mention as¬
bestos, plaster-of-paris, uncalcined gyp¬
sum, sand, clay, ashes, charcoal, soap¬
stone, pumice stone, chalk, infusorial
earth, mineral wool, rock, wool.
The Majestic is the most economical
coal burner of any of the Atlantic flyers.
She burns but 220 tons a day, shows
19,500 horse power and makes an average
of over twenty-three miles an hour.
Electricity is playing an important
part in the working of heavy guns, am.
munition hoists, and winches in the
French Navy. New ships are being fitted
with electric appliances in lieu of hy¬
draulic gear.
The practice of placing the green
boughs of the eucalyptus tree in sick
room3 is growing in Australia. They
not only act as disinfectants, but the
volatile scent has also a beneficial influ¬
ence on consumptive patients.
Smoke is finding its champions in Eng.
land, notwithstanding the efforts mad®
to prevent its diffusion in the atmosphere.
It is claimed that the carbon in the smoko
is a powerful deodorizer, and as such, is
a blessing rather than a nuisance.
By means of a powerful jet of com¬
pressed air a German engineer drives dry
cement dowm into the sand or mud at thy
bottom of a stream, so that the water
immediately fixes the cement and it be¬
comes like solid rock, suitable for founda¬
tions.
An American' machine which will suc¬
cessfully work out the fibre of sisal from
the plant has produced a boom in that
industry never realized with the English
machines heretofore used. The new ma¬
chine does not cut the fibre, and the
product leaves the.machine ready for the
market.
After the passage of an electric storm
there is quite an appreciable amount of
ozone in the atmosphere, so much so
that its presence may be frequently de¬
tected by exposing a piece of blotting
paper, previously dipped in a solution of
starch and iodide of potash, when it w'ill
be turned blue.
The French are now painting their
war vessels a dull, sulphurous gray, ex¬
actly the color of smoke as it arises from
can no as. They say this color has the
advantage of being as illusive and indis¬
tinguishable in fogs and sea mists and
darkness as during the smoke of battle.
It is more baffling in the search light
than any other tint.
A five-inch shot was recently fired
through the cellulose belt of the Dauish
cruiser Hepla, entering the bow in the
port side, and coming out on the star¬
board side. The Hepla steamed for
three hours at a speed c f sixteen knots
per hour. The cellulose is reported to
have proved so effective that at the end
of the three hours the water-tight com¬
partment through which the shot passed
contained but two feet of water. During
the run the water rose high above the
shot hole. Cellulose is a water-excluding
substance.
A Bare Book.
The Carnegie Free Library in Alle¬
gheny, Penn., has become the fortunate
possessor of a copy of Audubon’s “Birds
of America,” the gift of Mrs. William
J. Alexander, of Monongahela. The
work is one of considerable rarity and of
wreat value, copies of the original edi¬
tion of 1844 selling at from $2500 to
$4000. It is not generally daughters known that
the great naturalist’s live in
old homestead near Audubon Park,over¬
looking the Hudson. They were once
possessed of considerable wealth, but it
was lost through unfortunate invest¬
ments, and they are now in somewhat
straitened circumstances. Some of the
big handsome plates from which Audu¬
bon’s monumental work was printed are
preserved in the Museum of Natural
History in Central Park.— Boston Tran
t
seristL
Brevities.
Called to order: A restaurant waiter.
—Buffalo Express,
When a tailor makes a misfit it must be
shear carelessness.—Lowell Courier.
The boy with a pale mustache is liable
to dye young.—New Orleans Picayune.
For poultry raisers: Feed your chick¬
ens at least a peck at ewch meal.—Detroit
Free Press.
The naves of a church do not comprise
the rogues in the congregation.—Chicago
Tribune.
The tramp is a person who waited for
the wagon too long and had to take a
walk.—Galveston News.
“This is a regular sugar loaf,” said the
candy dull.—Washington store clerk when business was
Star.
A Burgeon knows little about railroad¬
ing, but he is right up on handling a
break.—Yonker’s Statesman.
We have noticed that the longer a
man's moustache is the more fond he is
of milk and soup.—Atchison Globe.
By the fitness of things electrical ap¬
peals ought to be brought before the
circuit court—Baltimore American.
The coal dealer and the flannel-under¬
wear man make the weather profits uow
a-davs.- Binghampton Republican.
Its Excellent Qualities
Comm-md to public approval the California
liquid fruit remedy Syrup of Figs. It is pleasing
to the eye, and to the taste and by gently act¬
ing on the kidneys, fiver and bowels, it clean¬
ses the system effectually, thereby promoting
the health and comfort of all who use it.
There has been a steady rise in the average
age at which men and women marry ever
since 1873.
E. A. Hood, Toledo, Ohio, says: “Hall’s Ca¬
tarrh Cure cured my wife of catarrh fifteen
years ago and she has had no return of it. It’s
a sure eh re. Sold by druggists*
BEWffi OF THEM
Cheap S. S. S. WILL CURE, j There is
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worse, I quit all other treatment and
They never : commenced using S. S. S. Before other.
cure finishing the second bottle the scaly
incrustations had nearly disappeared. I continued
and are using S. S. S. until she was entirely cured. I waited
often before reporting the case to see if the cure was perma¬
nent. Being satisfied that she is freed from the an¬
dangerous. noying disease for all time to come, I send you this.
V. VAUGHN, Sandy Bottom, Va.
BOOKS ON BLOOD AND SKIN DISEASES FREE.
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Colds,
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HOARSENESS AND ALL AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT AND LUNQS,
TAYLOR'S CHEROKEE REMEDY OF
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It’s the best blood-purifier, and it’s
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