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GREAT CAMPAIGN FOR EDUCATION
Work Outlined By Leaders at
Conference in Atlanta.
MORE FEDERAL AID NEEDED
Brainy Women ;nchon Discussed Live
Topics---Public Taxation and the
Negro---Bonds for D.xie Schools.
Officers Elected.
RESOLUTIONS ADUFTED BY
- EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE
. ltesolved, Inau he conference
for lkducauon in the south rec-
Commends lor speciai attention in
the work of lne immediate fu
, ture,
1, lmprovement in county su
pervision as the strategic point
1n the enure educational sys
, Lem,
2. The professional training
of teachers to meet the just de
mand tor more efficient service,
Cand especially the strengthen
. ing of the department of educa
, tion in the Mgher institutions
for the training of men as teach
ers aud principals of high schools
Cand as superintendents.
3. The exiension ot local school
improvement leagues 10 every
. cowumunity in the south and the
earnest eifort to place this in
, spiriug work upon a self-supporti
, ing basis.
4. covuunued efforts in behali
of compulsory educalion in such
@ manner as may be deemed wise
, in each state,
. 5. We recognize with delight
the increase in dignity and pow
er of the office oL state super
intendent of education, whicn is
attracting the strongest men
, among us, and the growing rec
ognition of these leaders as the
real shepherds of the people.
6. The National Bureal of Ed
ucation at Washington has made
such use of its limited resources
as has rendered it a valued re
. inforcement of every good educa
tional movement throughout the
land. We are glad to note that
, congress has begun to make a
- distinct increase in the appropri
ations for this oftice. Such in
crease as has hitherto been made
, is, however, wholly inadequate
to the needs of the office and
, painfully disproportionate to the
amportance of the interests
which it serves. We respectful
, ly urge upon congress that it
i undertake without further delay
‘the placing of this bureau upon
such a plan of efficiency as well
Cenable 1t to render in full the
service which the states repre
sented in this conference require
~and expect from such a federal
, office,.
Atlanta, Ga.—With the adoption of
resolutions asking larger federal ap-|
propriations for the wsupport of edu-{
cation, a better system oI county su-'
perintendence throughout the south, !
better training for teachers, more lo- |
cal school improvement leagues, ad
vising work tor compulsory educa
tion where practical, and rejoicing in
the greater dignity and power now at
taching to the office of superiniendent
of schools in southern states, the Con-'
forence for Kducation in the South'
brought its tweitth annual meeting te
a close.
The following officers were elected
for the ensuing year: President, Rob
ert C. Ogden, New York, N. Y.; vice
president, B. J. Baldwin, Montgomery,
Ala.; secretary, Wicklifie Rose, Nash-'
ville, Tenn.; treasurer, William A,
Blair, Winston-Salem, N, C. ‘
Executive Committee — Wickliffe
Rose, chairman, Nashville, Tenn.; S.
C. Mitchell, Columbia, S. C,, presidcnt‘
University of South Carolina; W. H.
Hand, Columbia, S.- C.; University of
South Carolina; S. A. Mynders, Knox
ville, Tenn,, superintendent of
schools; G. J. Ramsey, Franktort, Ky.;
Harry Hodgson, Athens, Ga.; James
K. Kirkland, Nashville, Tenn., chan
cellor Vanderbilt university; Paul H.
Sounders, Laurel, Miss.; James H.
Dillard, New Orleans, La.; John H.
Hineman, Arkadelphia, Ark., presi
dent Henderson College; J. Y. Joyner,
Raleigh, N. C., state superintendent
of education; J. B. Aswell, Natcito
ches, La. president State Normal
School; Edgar Gardner Murphy,
Montgomery, Ala.; H. B. Frissell,
Hampton, Va., principal Hampton In
stitute,
“The Relation of Education to In
dustrial Development” was the sub
ject of the address by Dr. A, Caswell
Ellis of the University of Texas. It
the program of Friday evening. It
proved to be not only interesting to
the audience, but a paper which might
well be put upon the conference rec
i R s
, . S
MOSLEMS MASSACRING CHRISTIANS.
Turkish Government Has Found it
Impossible to Stop Disturbances.
London, England., — While many
fragmentary reports received here
point to the imminence of civil war
in Turkey owing to the efforts of the
defeated young Turks to re-establish
their supremacy, as yet there is not
much authentic information that
would tend to show that the troops
are ready to support the committee
of union and progress. The situation
in Constantinople continues quiet.
A massacre of Armenians has taken
place at Adana, Asiatic -Turkey. The
fatalities are said to, be numerous.
Two American missionaties are said
Two Americsg Tiscigcs,pre il
ords as one most valuable to students
of economics as related to education
Dr. Ellis reviewed the progress of
agricultural development as related
to education in the various states
alfording striking examples, The
state of Ilinols was quoted as invest
ing $250,000 in upiversity investiga
tion in the field of agriculture, Pro
fessor Montgomery has dene a sim
flar work for the corn farmers in Ne
braska; Professor Holden in the agri
cultural college in lowa, The values
of seed testing were referred to, the
method used ror testing wheat, bar
ley. oats, peas, alfalfa, cotton and
other crops, with just as valuable re
sults as with corn, In an interesting
vein he reviewed the results to ag
riculture that had come through the
investigation and scientific treatment
by the government of the ravages of
the white scale ruining the orange
crops of California; the boll weevil
in its attack upon the cotton; the
splenic fever, commonly called Tex
as.fever, and ravages upon cattle life.
In the development of our mineral
resources and in our manufactures,
higher education is paying even larg
er proportionate returns than in ag
riculture, Dr. Ellis stated, and he
related many interesting incidents to
illustrate the fact. He reviewed the
advancement and results of medical
investigation in its relation to his
subject,
No paper of the conference had cen
tered in it more lively interest than
that of Charles L. Coon of Wilson,
N. C., whose address on “Public Tax
ation and the Negro,” was replete
with facts, statistics and general sug
gestion, that made it invaluable.
Briefly summarized, he drew atten
tion to the fact that the south is
spending $32,068,851 on her public
schools, Of this amount $23,856,914
is paid for teachers, white and col
ored, or 74.4 per cent of the total.
Negro teachers are receiving about
$3,818,705, or 12 per cent of the total
expenditures for all purposes, while
white teachers are being paid 64.4
per cent., The amount being spent
on negro tgachers is by far the larg
est item of expense of the negro pub
lic schools. In addition to the ex
pense of the negro teachers, the south
is paying about $917,670 each year,
making the total aggregate cost of
the negro schools near $4,736,375.
These figures relate to the states of
Virginia, North Carolina, South Car
olina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mis
sissippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas
and Tennessee, which containe 81.4
per cent of the negro population
No secssion of the Conference for
Education in the South proved more
vitally interesting than the next to
last one, when the group of speakers
included Dr. Caswell Ellis of the Uni
versity of Texas; Subperintendent
Coon of Wilsen, N. €.;: Mrs. B, B,
Mumford of Richimond, Va.; Dr. Lil
lain Johnson, Memphis, Tenn.; Mrs.
Robert Emory Park; Dean Lida Shaw
King of Brown University, Provi
dence, R. I
In her able address, Mrs. R. B.
Mumford referred to the fact that the
first School Improvement Association
‘'was formed in Richmond, Va., in
1900, by five earnest women, and the
first state organization was born in
1902, at the suggestion of Dr. Mclver,
at a woman’s industrial college. As
a factor in educational development,
Mrs. Mumford believes that the south
ern woman is second to none other.
Dr. Lillian Johuison of Memphis,
Tenn., 2 woman cf scholarly attain
ment and womanly charm expressed
hoth in the address which she made
on “The Woman’s Club As a Factor
in Education.” In presenting the sub
ject she briefly reviewed the work
of clubs in all the southern states,
- Mrs. Robert Emory Park, chairman
of the education department of the
Georgia Federation, was the * next
speaker. Her subject was the “Edu
cation Work of Georgia Club Wom
en.” Directly Mrs. Park talked of
the various lines pursued by the club
women, stressing especially their
work for rural schools and rural or
ganization.
Dean Lida Shaw King of Woman’s
College, Brown University, Provi
dence, R. 1., spoke on “Higher Educa
tion of Women,” a subject that has
engaged the attention of the world
at-large more, probably, than almost
any other branch of education.
MAY ADOPT INCOME TAX.
Guggenheim, the Richest Senator, Fa
vors Legislation.
Washington, D. C.—Every indica
tion points to the adoption by con
|gress of an income tax as a revenue
producer.
It will require the votes of sixteen
republicans, united with the solid
democratic strength, to adopt this
legislation. Fourteen republicans—
among them Senator Guggenheim of
Colorado, the richest man in the sen
ate—have expressed themselves in
favor of the measure.
Will Meet in Birmingham.
Birmingham, Ala.—Secretary V. H.
Hanson announced that the Southern
Newspaper Publishers’ Association
would meet in Birmingham June Bth
next. This city was selected at the
last meeting in Charlotte, but the
date was left to the local newspapers
and June Bth has been selected.
Pearl in Oyster Sandwich.
New York City.—~John Turley, a
desk lieutenant of the New York po
lice department, is the proud posses
sor of a pearl ¢aid to be worth $l5O,
which he found in an oyster sand
wich. ' i
The sandwich cost him five
cents. i i g 1;
TMICATIONAI CAMDAIGN
DUCATIONAL CAMPAIC
Plans for Georgia Work Out
lined at Conference.
TWO COMMITTEES APPOINTED
It Was Shown That Georgia Teachers
are Poorly Paid for Their Services.
Plea for Free Text Books.
Atlanta, Ga,—Georgia is on the
even of a great educauonal campalgn,
This fact was brought out conclusive
ly at the Georgia conterence in Al
lanta, where the large number of
promunent educators iroin evely sec
uon of the swate went on record as
being in tavor of a hxed policy look
ing toward nis end, and ibe coller
ence, betore udjourning, appointed a
committee of nfieen to outline this
campalign,
Tuis committee is to report to the
business wmea's comimittee of luvv
prominent citizens of the state, of
which 8. M. Inman of Ailanta, as
chairman, is to call at an early date.
1t is believed tue plan adopted by
the subcommittee from the confer
ence will be accepted by the busi
ness men's commitee,. and a can
paign tund for education wiil be rais
ed 1 Georgia, and ne caupaigners
started out before the beginning of
Lhie new year,
State ‘l'reasurer R. E. Park was
named chairmwan of the meeung by
acclamation., Professor T. J. Woot
ter of the University of Georgia oi
tered a set of resolutions which were
finally adopted.
Summarized, they called for the fol
lowing improvements in the school
system as it exists today:
1. The need of a tixed state tax, a
constitutional amendment for the sup
port of education,
2. A more thorough organization of
the school system 1n Georgia; (a)
state school commissioner to be state
superintendent of schools, in fact;
(b) county school superintendents in
stead of county schools commission
ers; (c) state supervisors of educa
tion to aid the state superintendent.
8. The tormal organization where
by the state colleges and secondary
schools shall work in close harmony.
4, Better proyision for {he training
of more teachers; and,
5. Ultimate compulsory education
for the state.
Professor Wooster stated that the
fifth suggestion was not to be ex
pected until the other had been car
.ied Into successful practice.
The following letter from J. E.
Brown of Atlanta was received:
“Petitions are being circulated to
induce the legislature to pass a law
in favor of compulsory education. It
is my opinion that it would be unfair
to pass such a law unless the siate
is willing to furnish free textbooks.
There are mauy pcor people who are
scarcely able to give to their chil
dren the cheapest of food and cloth
ing; and it would be impossible for
them to buy textbooks and other par
aphernalia required by the modern
school room, When books as well as
school houses and teachers are pro
vided for the children, then may they
be required to attend. But why
should the rich and well-to-do wish
to legislature a burden and an im
possibility upon the pcor?”
CAUSE 0F ANDEKSUNVILLE MORTALITY.
Dr. H. F. Harris Claims the Hook
worm Disease Killed Many.
Atlanta, Ga.—That the excessive
mortality at the csnfederate military
prison at Andersonville, Ga., was due
to the hookworm disease, a cause
not at that time Lknown oOr under
stood, is the belief of Dr. H. F. Har
ris, secretary of Georgia’s state
board of health., This theory was
first advanced by Dr. W. F. Arnold,
United States navy, retired.
While he has had decided opinions
of his own upon the subject for some
time, Dr. Harris has withheld them
in the absence of confirmatory inves
tigation, which has recently been
forthcoming; and these inquiries and
examinations by official and non-offi
cial medical men have led them to
the same conclusion.
The present prolific existence of
the hookworm at and around Ander
sonville, has been established beyond
all question, The hookworm was
probably brought to America from
Africa by the negroes brought here
as slaves, and here it has continued
to thrive and to multiply.
That conditions for tne rapid prop
agation of the hookworm and its suc
cessful entrance into the body of those
exposed to the ground, in rapidly mui
tiplying numbers, were all present at
Andersonville at the time the con
federate prison was. maintained there,
investigation has established almost
beyond any reasonable doubt.
Badly clothed and poorly fed Dbe
cause conditions made it impossible
to do more than was done, the pris
oners were . constantly exposed to the
ground upon which tney walked with
bare feet and upon which they slept,
and Dr. Harris- and the other medi
cal authorities who have examined
into this question do not hesitate to
express the belief, which, witn them,
approximates a feeling of certainty
that the hookworm: disease got in
there its deadly work.
Additional weight is given this view
from the fact , that the mortality
among the guards who were fed and
clothed just about the same as feder
al prisoners, was in almost every re
spect similar to that among the pris
oners themselves. ;
Something like 14,000 persons died
at Andersonville during the war, and
the records show that there was a
“proportionate mortality among the
tederal prisoners and their couteder
ate guards. _ .
The Georgia firemen closed thelr
work at Macon after a highly satis
factory convention, Chief Thomas
Balentine of Savannah was made
president; C. C. Bunn of Cedartown,
vice president; E., E. Thompson of
Cordele, secretary; Chief James of
Albany, treasurer; Chief McArthur of
Americus, Ga., statistician, The con
vention goes to BSavannah next time,
A state organizer will be out with a
view of bringing together all the de
partments in the organization by the
time another session is held,
So far there has come nothing but
approval of the plan to work the
white convicts temporarily on the
public roads in the larger counties,
which are prepared to care for them
as the la wrequires, The belief is
growing that this will ultimately
prove to be the proper and satisfac
tory golution of the problem of deal
ing with the white conviets,
The mut!/lated skeleton of a woman
was found under the steps of the old
Second Baptist Church at Augusta by
a negro, 1t was placed there by boys
who found it in a yard nearby. It is
thought that the body was stolen
from the diesecting room of the med
-Ical college some days ago.
Thirty white convicts who are able
to do manual labor were brought from
the state farm in Baldwin county and
divided equally betwezn Fulton and
DeKalb counties, This gives Fulton
a gang of about eighty and DeKalb
about forty white convicts on their
public' roads, in addition to the negro
gangs which they secured in the gen
eral distribution,
The supreme court decided in the
case of J. D. Holloway, against the
Macon QGas Light and Water Compa
ny, that a citizen cannot sue for an
alleged loss on account of failure In
the performance of a contract made
between a municipality and a private
corporation.
Indications are that the railroad
commission was not a unit in the mat
ter of certain suits for penalties for
failure to conform to the commis
sion’s rules with regard to the pay
-Isent of reciprocal demurrage, which
the commission has requested Gover
nor Smith to have Instituted against
the Central of Georgia and the Souti
ern Railway. There is said to be at
least one member of the railroad com
mission who thinks that the law in
this matter is largely on the side of
the railroads. It involves the old
question as to whether, after a car
load of freight reaches the city of its
destination a subsequent movement
to the side tracks or yards of anoth
er railroad company is a transporta
tion movement or simply a drayage
service. Under the present rules of
the Georgia Railroad Commission it
is a transportation movement, and is
required to be performed at a speci
fied rate, under penalty of demui
rage, which must be paid the con
signee in the evert of delay or re
fusal. The railroads hold that it is
a drayage movement and that as they
are not in the drayage business they
are not in the drayage business they
there is a legal question in the case
which has never been definitely de
termined by the courts, and the rail
roads contend that they are not liable
for demurrage under these circum
stances, This is said to be the rea
son why Governor Smith proposes to
make a full investigation of the mat
ter before he orders the suits brought
as the commission has requested.
State School Commissioner Jere M.
Pound, Dr. A. M. Soule, president of
the State Agricultural College at Ath
ens, and State Chemist R. E. Sial
lings of Georgia have been named
by Secretary Wallace of the Cotton
Seed Crushers’ Association of Geor
gia as the state judges to pass upon
the compositions, now being written
by the school children of Georgia. In
February this association offered SIOO
in gold for the four best compositions
written by the school children of
this state on “Cotton Seed Products
as a Human, Animal and Plant Food,”
limiting each composition to 750
words. The prizes are SSO for the
first, $25 for the second, sls for the
third and $lO for the fourth. Several
weeks ago School Commissioner
Pound sent out a circular letter te
the county school commissioners call
ing their attention to this offer and
asking their co-operation in having
the children study up on this won
derful southern by-product of King
Cotton and enter the contest. As a
result the department of agriculture
has been besieged with requests for
literature on this subject of feeding
cctton seed meal to cattle, its use as
an ingredient for commercial fertili
zer and the relation it bears to the
pure food law as a human food.
A $50,000 plant for the manufacture
of steel work for buildings and for
railrcad and county highway bridges
has been located in Atlanta, and dirt
has already been broken, for the foun
dations. The Virginia' Bridge and
Iron Works will erect the plant as a
branch of its main plant at Roanoke,
Virginia.
The Americus board of trade dis
cussed at length the proposition of
fered the city by eastern mill inter
ests for the erection -here of a cot
ton mill to cost a half million dol
lars, and employ not less than 500 op
eratives. The direct offer has been
made of an investment of $350,000
of outside capital if the business men
of Americus will subscribe the addi
tional $150,000, thus making it =a
half million dollar plant. While in
Xew York recently ‘President Frank
Lanier of the Americus board ’‘of
trade conferred with cotton manufac
turers to the end of interesting them
in southern investménts, and quite
successfully, as the .offer to invest
$350,000 here was immediately forth
i X v ‘Bupwoo
m
R. H. GREEN
Doctor of Dental Surgery.
HAZLEHURST, GA. o
Chapman-Patrick Bulilding.
e ———————————————
PRICE & GRANT,
Attorneys at Law
Hazlehurst, Georgila.
Practices in state and federal
courts, Collections a speclalty, Of
fices over Citizens’ Bank.
'_-_—_—_‘_'———-—f-‘
King & Sellers,
LAWYERS
Will practice in all the courts.
Office at the Court House,
HAZLEHURST, GA.
et e e e est et et el
QUINCEY & CHASTAIN,
Attorneys and Counselors At Law,
HAZLEHURST, GEORGIA.
JULIAN H. PARKER.
Lawyer '
HAZLEHURST, GEORGIA.
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Gunter's Magazine.
Headed by the first half of a two
part novelette by Anthony Hope, Gun
ter’'s Magazine for May contains 160
pages of entertaining and well writ
ten fiction. The Hope story, the first
for quite a time from the pem of the
famous author of “The Prisoner of
Zenda,” “The Dolly Dialogues,” ete,
is called “The Fight for the Lord
Arpenhoe.” It is certainly delightful
reading, and fully up to the writer’s
high standard. Preston Ward con
tributes a very humorous story of a
westerner and a Marathon race, time
ly and full of laughs. There is a
startingly original story by Heath,
Hosken, “The King and the Assassin,™
wherein a king invites his would-be
slayer to dine with him at his palace,
with surprising results. *“Spike O’Bri
en Repays” is an up to date newspa
per man and burglar: story, with the
human side in bold relief. “Dragen-®
off’s Waltz of the Dreaming Gods” is
another of Charles E. Brimblecom’s
exciting stories of Jimmy Whittle’s
serio-comic adventures in the land of
the Nihilists, Littell McClung, dra
matic editor of the Baltimore Sun,
contributes a charming southern love
story, “The Shadow of Chivalry.” Stee
phen Hewlett’'s “Mademoiselle’s Ra-,
source” relates another adventure of
Armand in the service of the cardinal.
“With Resin and Pine,” by Jennie
Harris Oliver, is a thrilling little tale
of the lumber camps of the north
west. Olin L. Lyman’s serial novgt.
“An. Adirondack Comedy,” is conclud?
ed. All the stories are illustrated.
. Bull Terrier—Dad dead, eh? Leave
you anything?
Fat Pup—Yes, I inherited his pants.
—Harper’s. , # &
