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or perverted action of any of the faculties, and
especially of the animal propensities not thus
directed. If the animal propensities predominate
in action, they demoralize and debase the higher,
nobler gifts of God, and whilst in one sense they
assimilate the “lord of creation” to the “ beasts
that perish,” in another, they render him far
worse and more miserable, because of his greater
susceptibility of enjoyment and su ering. Are
they deficient, their weakness is also unfavorable
to virtue. If Ainativeness predominates or acts
either without the purifying influence of the
higher faculties, or in opposition to their dictates,
it Beads to licentiousness, but under their control,
it becomes connubial love, than which no emotion
of our nature is more pure or virtuous. Combat
iveness, acting alone, is mere physical prowess,
or the real “ knock-down-and-drag-out” dispo
sition, which is highly vicious, thereby incurring
the penalty attached to the violation of this men
tal law, while this faculty, acting in obedience to
Conscientiousness and Benevolence, becomes
moral courage, defence of rights, and of the op
pressed, &c., a highly virtuous emotion. The
due exercise of Alirnentiveness, by strengthening
the body and thereby the moral and intellectual
qualities, is vir'uous, bringing with it its own re-'
ward, whilst its excessive indulgence, by over
loading the stomach, and thus clouding the intel -
lect and blunting the moral sensibilities, becomes
vice. Average Secrctiveness, governed by Con
scientiousness, employs policy in a good cause,
whilst its excessive action, unchecked by the
higher faculties, leads to lying and duplicity.—
Acquisittvji'hcss, or love of property, duly exer
cised, mpnotes industry and sobriety, gathers
around us the comforts of life, and, aided by Con
scientiousness, produces even-handed justice,
whilst its predominance leads to cheating, extor
tion, &c. Excessive Cautiousness produces ir
resolution, procrastination and timidity, and is
unfavorable both to virtue and efficiency, but
duly balanced, it gives that discretion which is
the better part of valor. Does Self-Esteem pre
dominate, unchecked by Conscientiousness or
intellect, it inflates one almost to bursting with
pride, self-sufficiency, haughtiness and egotism,
whereas its due developcmcnt, controlled by the
moral and intellectual faculties, imparts dignity,
and that -seguespoet which elevates one above
meanness anH trifling, and also leads him fully to
appreciate and fulfil the great ends of bis being.
Is Firmness very large and uncontrolled, it ren
ders one doggedly obstinate, impervious to con
viction, and blindly tenacious of his opinions and
purposes, whether right or wrong, merely because
he wills it to be so; is this organ small, he is too
fickle to accomplish any thing, “ bring blown
about by every wind of doctrine,” every new no
tion ; but fairly developed and balanced, no ele
ment ot character is more valuable. Predomi
nant Ideality renders one fastidious, and too deli
cate anil refined, whilst its deficiency leads to
coarseness ahd vulgarity; but its fair dcvelope
ment blends the serviceable with the perfect, com
bining utility with beauty.
[ To bt continued.]
.From the Journal American Temperance Union,
Anuals of Temperance for 1811 & 1812.
1811.
Reformation of drunkard* in Baltimore pro
gressive through the winter lieyond a parallel.
E.C. Delevan, Esq., retired from the office of
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the
American Temperance Union, January 18, and
the Hon. Theodore Ficlinghuysen was appoint
ed in his place.
800 Catholics took the pledge at St. Mary’s
Church, Boston, Feb, 4.
Twelfth Anniversary of the New York State
Temperance Society, held at Albany, Feb. 10.
Publications during the year, 9,105,211 l2mo
pages, making in nine years 14,815,754 pages.
3,000 persons signed the total abstinencepledge
at Philadelphia, at the lectures oftbe Rev. Thom
as P. Hunt, during the month of Febuary.
481 Catholics took the pledge at Brooklyn, N.
Y., Feb 27.
Simultaneous temperance meetings well at
tended throughout the country, on the fourth
Tuesday ot Febuary. 2,100 pledges taken in
the city of New York.
Great temperance processions of Catholics in
the American cities, on St. Patrick’s day March
17. J
Five reformed drunkards from Baltimore visit
ed the city of New York, March 23, and address
ed 21 consecutive meetings with astonishing suc
cess. More than 2,000 persons at these meet
ings, many of them drunkards, signed the pledge.
First Anniversary of the Washington Tem
perance Society of Baltimore, and great temper
ance procession, in which were 1,000 reformed
drunkards, April 5.
John Hawkins and William Wright, two re
formed drunkards from Baltimore, visited Boston,
April 16, and were received with great enthusi
asm. An immense meeting addressed by them
atFaneuil Hall, April 22. 2,500 signatures to
the total abstinence pledge taken in a series o;
meetings.
Boston Washington Total Abstinence Soc.,
organized, with 300 reformed men, April 28.
Fifth anniversary of the Am. Temperance
Union, held in New York city, May 11.
Young Men’s National Convention, held in
New York city, May 11.
Captain W isdom and three other reformed men
from New York visited New Haven, Ct., June
15, and related their experience. Several drunk
ards were reformed, and a Washington Society
organized.
John Hawkins visited Hartford Ct., May 26,
and related his experience before the citizens and
the Legislature. A great work of reform com
menced among inebriates, and a Washington
Society was formed. Re-Visited Boston, and
commenced an agency for the Massachusetts
State Society.
Pittsburg visited by Messrs. Small, Vickers,
and Williams, missionaries from Baltimore. June
16. 3,554 signed the pledge in a series of meet
ings, many ofthem inveterate drunkards.
Messrs Turner and Guptill, two reformed men
from Cleveland, passed through Ohio and Mich
igan, enrolling thousands on the temperance
pledge, and reclaiming many drunkards.
Extraordinary temperance celebrations ofinde
pendence throughout the country, July 4.
Third National Temperance Convention held
at Saratoga Springs, July 27. 560 delegates pre
sent,
Messrs. Pollard and Wright, reformed men of
Baltimore, performed a tour from Saratoga to
BulValo, addressed many large meetings, and «b
--lained 25,000 signatures to the pledge.
' Messrs. Vickers and Small two reformed men
from Baltimore, visited Cincinnati, and, in a
series of meetings, produced an almost unparalled
excitement, July 27.
Temperauce Mass Meeting at Rochester, N.
Y., Aun;. 18; at Batavia, Sept. 13.
Washingtonian State Convention at Augusta,
Me., Sept. 22.
Boston Washington Society reported at the
end of three months, 4,000 members, and 217 del
egation to the towns in the interior, gathering
5v,000 pledges, July 28.
Mass Meeting in New York city, and splen
did Temperance procession, October 13. Wash
ington T. B. Society numbered 2,203 members.
Great Western Temperance Convention at
Pittsburgh, Oct. 21.
Anniversary of the Connecticut State Society,
at Middletown, Oct. 22. 1,000 persons walked
in procession.
State Convention at Raleigh, N. C. Dec. 1.
Great Temperance, excitement at St. Louis,
Dec, 23. A large number ot inveterate drunk
ards reformed. 2,200 persons signed the pledge
in a scries of meetings.
1842.
Great Washingtonian Meeting New Year’s
eve at Faneuil Hall, Boston.
The Hon T. F. Marshall, a talented member
of Congress, signed the total abstinence pledge,
occasioning, from his peculiar circumstances,
much sensation in that body, and throughout the
country, Jan. 7th.
Great temperance excitement at Mobile, Ala.
3,000 persons signed the total abstinence pledge.
Important movement in the ships of the navy at
Charlestown, Mass, 200 in the Columbus and
300 in the Columbia signed the pledge, Jan. 23d.
Congresaional Total Abstinence Society or
ganized in the Capitol, at Washington, Feb. 9th.
Legislative Total Abstinence Society organi
zed at Albany, Feb. 20th.
Great and splendid simultaneous temperance
meetings held throughout the country on the22d
ofFebuary, the birth-day of Washington. In
New York, a grand festival was held in the halls
over Centre Market. 3000 persons present:
First public meeting of the Congressional So
ciety held in the Hall of the Representatives,
Feb. 25th.
Total Abstinence Society of the Civil Execu
tive Departments organized at Washington,
March 17th.
500 persons in Charleston, S, C., signed the
total abstinence pledge in March.
2000 Irishmen marched the streets of Albany
on St. Patrick’s Day, all pledged to total absti
nence.
Anniversary of the New York Washington
Temperance Benevolent Society, March 29th.
A splendid procession moved through the city
Great temperance procession at Cincinnati,
April sth.
Sixth Anniversary of the American Temper
ance Union held in Broadway Tabernacle, N.
Y., May 4th.
State Convention of Washingtonians at Bos
ton, May 26th. State Washington Society or
ganized.
R. iVI. Hartley, Esq., resigned the office of A
gentofthe New York City Temperance Society,
having in thirteen years been active in forming
174 auxiliaries, calling 1400 temperance meet
ings, and obtaining 179,624 pledges, May 26.
Convention of W ashingtonians of three States
at Portsmouth, N. H., Ang. 25th and 26th.
Introduction of Croton W ater into New York
city. Immence procession, in which the tem
perance societies took a conspicuous part, Oct.
24th.
Reformed Inebriates.
BY HENRY A. FAY.
The periodical press of the day, which treats of
the Washingtonian Reform, terms it, “an ano
maly in philosophy, a moral miracle.” It states
that in 1840, when the American Temperance
Men were moving heaven and earth to stop rum
drinking they found that the vast number of
drunkards in the United States, about, one in
every twenty-five, drinking from twenty to thirty
glasses per day, sustained the distilleries and
grog shops, and therefore there was no hope for
temperance, that just in that crisis, when the tem
perance world was at a complete stand, an unex
pected ally came along. Drunkards reformed
themselves, and then other drunkards, and now
distilleries and rum shops are closing fast.
Yes, it is a tact that the reformed drunkards
are a class of men snatched from the brink of the
grave, the threshold of the almshouse and peni
tentiary, the State Prison and the gallows, to
which they were led, by an over-ruling Provi
dence, in order to receive an education ot personal
experience, which when told to a public audi
ence, would find a sympathetic cord in every
heart, and attract names to the pledge.
In the newspapers of the day we find lots of ad
vertisements of distilleries closed and materials
for sale, porter houses to let, and all is done by
the reformed men.
Another remarkable fact is, that the Reform
was commenced by drunken mechanics, and illit
erate ones too. Awheelright first suggested, a
blacksmith followed up, a tailor wrote the pledge,
and three other workingmen first formed a
Washington Temperance Benevolent Society of
six, and their Temperance Hall was the same
rum hole where they had drunk up their money,
character, health and happiness. The Wash
ingtonians, less than three years ago, had no oth
er place of meeting but a Imr-room, and now pay
high rents, from $5 to £'so dollars per night for
splendid Halls, Churches, Legislative Edifices,
or Assembly Rooms, all over the United States,
and from six they have increased to three millions,
and from only one piece of paper with one written
sentence —the pledge, they have now publications
and periodicals all over the Union, whose name
is Legion. And Washingtonianism has also
subsidized and enlistened eloquence, music, wo
man's beauty, infantile innocence, morality, re
ligion, and public opinion.
From the Dahlonega Times.
Convention of Washington Total Absti
nence Societies*
AT CLARKESVILLE, Jan, 2lst, 1843.
Tiie friends of Temperance of the Western
Judicial Circuit and of Lumpkin and Union
counties, were invited by the Society at Clarkes
ville, to attend a Convention upon January 21st,
1843. Pursuant thereto a large and respectable,
body of Washingtonians formed a procession at
the Court House; and under the direction of
Lewis Levy, Esqr. Chief Marshall of the dav,
with J. Van Buren. A. G. Perryman and J.
Wyly Assistant Marshals, proceeded to the
Methodist Church, under the respective banners
of the different Societies assembled, and to the
sound of appropriate music.
The Convention was then organized by Elihu
S. Barclay, Esqr., President of the Habersham
County and Lewis Levy, Esqr., Secretary. After
a few brief but appropriate remarks from the
President, the Convention was opened by Rev.
H. Haverstick, who read the 146th Psalm and
offered up prayer at the throne of Grace. The
following Ode. prepared for the occasion by the
Rev. H. Haverstick, was then sung, accompan
ied by music on the Piano.
Ope I: Tune— Hail Columbia !
I. Hail! oh ! hail auspicious day!
Tcmp’rance friends a bright array—
In sweet communion hither come,
From nearer and from distant home, —
Now come with Pledge and solemn pray’r
To break the shades of dark despair,
To change the scene of gloom and woe
Around the drunkards overthrow.
Holy is the tie that binds
Strong in lose accordant minds.
(Chorus.)
Firm, united, let us be,
Rallying round our Banner free.
As a band of brothers join’d,
Peace and safety we shall find.
2. Down, oh! down the mad’ning bowl!
Far and loud the echoes roll, —
Os this enliv’ning song of praise,
Which heart and voice united raise;
Which swells aloft with sweet acclaim,
Enkind’led by a sacred flame.
We chase the mother’s bitter fears,
We quench the children’s burning tears,
Save the Father and the friend
From a dread, untimely end.
Firm, united, let us be &c, &c,,
3. High, then, high the Banner raise,
Nought so fair in glory’s blaze;
In honors brilliant diadem
There’s not so rich, so pure a gem,
As this sweet emblem ofour band.
Beneath whose folds this day we stand.
Under its shade the Pledge we bring,
Whose mighty pow’r we love losing:
Banner thus with Pledge combine,
All the rest to Heaven resign.
Firm, united, let us be &c. &c.
After this delegates from dfcer Societies were
called for, when Gen. A. J. Hansell and Wm.
Martin, Esqr.. delegates from Lumpkin County,
presented themselves. Gen. Hansell was then
called for who addressed the meeting upon the
great cause of Temperance, and utility of
Temperance Conventions, with decided and in
teresting effect. After this Rev. H. Haverstick
was called for, who entertained the audience
with another address. The following Ode, pre
pared by the same, was then sung, also, accom
panied by the Piano.
Ode 11.
T'ttne—From Greenlands Icy Mountains.
1. Ye friends of Temp’rance rally,
Around your Banner fair !
To mountain hill and valley,
Your joyful tidings bear/
Still many a helpless brother
Is bound with galling chains,
Another and another
God help you to regain l
2. Still, still, the prospect brightens,
As onward that ye move:
And ev’ry triumph brightens
The work of joy and love.
Then speak the word of kindness,
And banish sorrow’s tear;
Redeem from deadly blindness,
And tell that life is there.
3. To youthful age and hoary,
Oh! proffer heart and hand 4
The man defil’d and gory
Bid welcome to your band.
Bid welcome saint and sinner,
The wretched and the gay,
The loser and the winner,
In life’s eventful day.
4. Confirm the limbs that quiver,
By liquid poison wrong!
Deliver, oh! deliver,
The soul by sin unstrung!
Then loud proclaim your gladness
As this blest work moves on
Bid ev’ry note of sadness,
From human lips begone.
After this Mr. J. Walker, Esq., being called
on, addressed the Convention and strongly urged
! perseverance in the good cause. Wm. Martin,
Esqr., was then called for, who deeply interested
the audience by a very appropriate and argumen
tative address.
The following Ode, prepared by the same, was
then sung, with musical accompaniment, after
which the Convention adjourned until candU'
light.
Ode 111. Tune — AlldLaiig Svhe.
1 1. Oh! never be this day forgot,
)VJien wc, a Joyous band,
Have met upon this hallow’d spot
To mingle heart and haml,
To mingle heart and hand in love,
To mingle heart and hand;
And thus to plead with God above,
To bless our Father-land.
2. As friends of Temp’rance here we meet,,
And he r e as friends we part;
We part with many a fond regret,
With many a throbbing heart.
With many a throbbing heart, my dears,
With many a throbbing heart;
Though Hope with radiant eye appears,
While sighs uprising start.
3. This day the strong, the sacred, bond r
That makes our spirits one,
Has taught us never to despond,
As onward thus we run,
As onward in this glorious cause,
As onward thus we run,
And swell thestrain ofloud applause,
In bloodless vict’ry won.
4. Then speak, we once again Farewell—
That word to mem’ry, dear;
Upon the past we’ll love to dwell,
And hope the future near,
And hope the future near and bright,
And hope the future near—
When we again may here unite,
Each others’ heaits to cheer.
The Convention, having again met at the ap
pointed hour, was first addressed by J. Van Bu
ren, Esqr, followed by C. H. Sutton, each of
whom continued to direct the attention of the au
dience to the great object in view. J. H. Under
wood, Esqr., was then called for who for some
time engaged the attention of the audience, by an
addressed filled with original and experimental
matters, highly beneficial to the great objects of
the Convention. Afterwards Genl. Hansell,
again spoke in his usual happy style. The part
ing Ode like the others prepared for the occasion r
was again sung.
Prior to adjournment the following resolutions
were passed unanimously.
1. Resolved. That the most sincere thanks of
the Convention are tendered to the Ladies for
their assistance in this celebraiion as musicians
and singers.
2. Resolved, That the thanks of the Haber
sham County Society are due to Gen. Hansell
and Wm, Martin, Esqr., for the zeal and ability
with which they have defended the cause of
Temperance; and that they tender to the Lump
kin County Society our thanks for the friendly
notice extended towards us.
3. Resolved, That the Batesville Society be
received as an auxiliary to the Habersham Coun
ty Society at Clarkesville; and that the Society
give them information thereof.
4. Resolved, That the proceedings ofthis Con
vention be published in the “ Mountain Times
if* Reporter also in the “ Washingtonian ” at
Augusta and li Temperance Banner” at Pen-
During the Convention the utmostgood feel
ing and zeal pervaded the audience. The Pledge
was held open all the time for the admission of
members. During the session fifteen persons at
tached their names, which included all who were
present at the time of adjournment, Jive only ex
cepted. The society regrets that the Convention
did not have the pleasure of receiving more dele
gates from other Societies. Yet all are fully con
vinced that much good was done, both in the ac
cession of new members, and in the confirmation
of old ones, Seriously is it hoped that these
benefits will be long remembered and felt by all
those who attended.
ELIHU S. BARCLAY, Pres,
Lewis Lett, Sec’y.