Newspaper Page Text
4>onstitutnmalist& JUpulilir,
JAMES GARDNER, JR., I
and > Editor*.
JAMES M. SMYTHE, )
Movement* of Kowath.
[ Vienna Correspondence of the London ChronuU,
September 19.]
A telegraphic despatch from Smyrna, of the
l >th instant, reports the fact of the Turkish ves
sel's arrival, and on the 16th she reached Syra.
Fifty-five refugees were on board. While one
paragraph describes the festive preparations that
were made on board the American vessel for the
reception of the exiles, the eye is painfully ar
rested in an adjoining column bv a long fist of
names of persons accused of high treason, who
were tried and sentenced in contumaciam, on the
morning of the 22d, at Pesth. Many of the
names turn out to be those of the refugees now
on their way to America. The Sultan has kept
his word; and the Austrian government, not to
be behind hand, caused the notice to these unfor
tunate men to be published, who were called
upon after the termination of the war to appear
and take their trial on the charges of high trea
son, on pain of being burnt in effigy. The time
specified having long elapsed without any one of
the individuals so summoned appearing, the sen
tence was put into execution by the common
hangman, on the day in question, the names of
the “ rebels ” being attached to tne gallows.
{From the latne, Sept. 25.]
I forgot to mention, in my yesterday’s letter,
an interesting feature in the proceedings when
Kossuth was about exchanging Turkish for
American protection. The Captain of the Mis
sissippi went on board the Turkish vessel which
contained the exiles, and, addressing Kossuth,
said “that he was commissioned by his govern
ment to place the frigate under his command at
the disposal of the Hungarian refugees, and to
present him with the sum of $15,000." The
number of the emigrants on hoard the Missis
sippi is fifty-five. Count Casimir Batthyani is
also of the jiarty, though the accounts differ as
to his having embarked.
It may interest some of your readers to hear
the full accusation brought against Kossuth. It
figures in the Pater Zeitung. as one in the long
list of thirty-six persons whose names were af
fixed to the gallows a few days ago. To each
name is appended a sketch of the life and the ex
ploits that entitle the owner to the charge of
high treason and its attendant punishment. I
select two only of these, though they are all of
historical interest, and serve to mark the period.
Kossuth is thus described “ Ludwig Kossuth,
horn in Monok, county of Zemplin, Hungary,
forty-seven years old, of the Protestant religion,
married, father of three children, advocate and
newspaper editor, Hungarian Finance Minister,
and deputy of the city of Pesth at the Hungarian
Diet, has (from the beginning to the end of the
Hungarian revolution) played the principal part,
and this pre-eminence was particularly shown
in October, 1848, when he prevailed upon the
Diet to remain together, and not obey the impe
rial mandate dissolving it; further, that he took
upon himself the presidency of the provisional
government, or so called committee of national
safety, and issued paper money in order to fur
nish means for an armed resistance to the Im
perial Government, which he developed in a
dangerous manner by recruiting, organization of
u national Guard, and ‘Landsturm’—that he him
self joined the army in its invasion of the Aus
trian archduchy, declared the succession of Fran
cis Joseph a usur|iation —transferred the seat of
the Diet from Pesth to Debrecsin on the approach
of the royal forces under Windischgratz—that by
means of exhortations and proclamations, by re
wards, and martial courts, he raised the enthusi
asm of the army and the people and excited them
to go on with the revolution, and tried to gain
the sympathy of foreign countries, through his
agents abroad—that he, finally, on the 13th of
April, in a private conference, and on the 14th
m a public sitting, proclaimed the total separation
of Hungary from the Empire, outlawed the sa
cred dynasty, chose a ministry in his character
of Governor, took the oath ol independence on
the Uth of May, and on the ISthof May, on
June 27, 18-19, preached a crusade against the al
lied forces of Austria and Russia, and ruled Hun
gary with the power of dictator, till at last he
was compelled by the events of the war to re
sign (August 11, at Arad,) and soon afterwards
fled into Turkey.”
The second 1 shall cite is Richard Guyon, Esq.,
native of Bath, in Somersetshire, “who served as
lieutenant in the Austrian Hussars, quitted the
service and married a Countess Spleny, aud be
came a gentleman farmer. On the breaking out
of the revolution he joined the rebellion, and was
soon raised to the rank of colonel in the insur
gent army. Fought at Man ns wurth and Tyrnau,
stormed the jiass ofßrauitzko' brought the news
of Gcorgey’s approach to the Comorn garrison,
conquered under Vetter, in the nights of July 13
and 14, 18-19, at Hegyes, and with the Polish
and I talian legions covered the retreat of Kossuth
to Orsova. He then escaped to Turkey with
Bern;”
1 believe I mentioned yesterday that thirty
eight others of the fugitive Hungarian insurgents
were summoned on the 22d by an edict from the
military courts, to appear and take their trial foi
high treason. Ninety days is given them, at tin
end of which period all who do not appear wil
be sentenced, and the sentence executed, as in
the other thirty-six cases, where the period given
had long elapsed. Os these thirty eight name:
now published, there are none of European note
(From the London News.)
DEMONSTRATIONS IN HONOR OK KOSSUTH.
A Turin paper speaks of the arrival, on the
22d, of the American vessel Mississippi, with
Kossuth on board, at La Spezia, where the
Americans have a depot.
The Corriere Mercantile quotes letters from
Spezia of the 22d, stating that the inhabitants
of that town, on being informed that Kossuth
was on board the Mississippi, made great demon
strations in honor of his arrival. The town was
illuminated, rockets were let off’, and a lage num
ber of boats, gaily decked out, surrounded k?.
Mississippi, saluting Kossuth with music and
cheers. The American Commodore, who is
taking the waters at Lucca, has been at La
Spezia to compliment him.
Letters and despatches have reached South
ampton. addressed to “His Excellency Louis
Kossuth, late Governor of Hungary.” A general
belief prevails that Kossuth will land at that
port. His most intimate friends state that he
will land in England and remain here a fortnight
and then depart for the United States.
Zsigmond Wekey, Kossuth's aide-de-camp,
was at Southampton, the whole of last week,
waiting his arrival, and Francis Pulsky is expec
ted. The anxiety to hear news of the great
Hungarian patriot is most singular. The intel
ligence in the Daily News, that-lie had reached
Smyrna, was read with extraordinary interest,
and nothing in Lord Palmerston's speech at Ti
verton gave greater satisfaction than the state
ment that Kossuth, as far as the English govern
ment was concerned, was at liberty to go where
he pleased when he left Turkey. Portraits of
Kossuth are exhibited in all the Southampton
printsellers’ and booksellers’ shops. It appears
that the captain of the Mississippi has orders to
convey the liberated hero to the United States,
but it is the wish of Kossuth himself to visit
England on his way. Anxious inquiries have
been made at the American consulate at South
ampton, as to the movements of the Mississippi,
but nothing is known there. Should Kossuth
land at Southampton, a magnificent banquet will
be given him. Upwards of twenty chief mag
istrates of cities and boroughs have written to
the Southampton authorities, requesting permis
sion to attend the banquet. Arrangements have
been completed to telegraph to distant friends, at
any hour of the day or night, the landingof Kos
suth at Southampton. His recoption in England
is likely to surpass that which is often accorded
continental royal personages aud millitary con
querors.
(From the Vienna Corretpondenct of the Morning
Chronicle.)
ewßct of kossuth's release.
Vienna, Sept. 21, 1851.
The release of Kossuth is a terrible defeat to
the Austrian government—a defeat which will
be apparent to all, when the exile shall have
lar.ded on the hospitable shores of England.
Fiad Prince Schwarzenberg been wise, he never
would have persisted in demanding the continu
ed imprisonment of the Hungarian refugees in
K iutavah. thus adding to their political notoriety
the sympathy universally entertained for politi
cal martyrdein. The Austrian government has,
during the past year, left no means untried,
whether machinations or threats, to induce the
Sublime Porte not to release the noble enemy
of the house of Hapsburg. Its failure has been
complete, and all the assertions which the Lloyd
and Oesterreichische Reich's-Zeitung may make
that the question was without importance, will
not lessen the weight of the blow. Their at
tempts to do so are frustrated, moreover, bv the
fact that the premier, deeply enraged with the
conduct of the Porte, is engaged in a correspon
dence with that power, in which he endeavors
to prove that the Porte has violated certain an
cient treaties, concluded with Austria after the
Turkish invasions of the fifteenth and sixteenth
centuries. Prince Schwarzenberg, in fact, foams
with rage, and as prudence of forethought do not
form part of his character, I should not be sur
firiseii to hear that the release of Kossuth has
ed to serious complications between the two
powers.
AUGUSTA, GA. ~
WEDNESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 22.
THE LARGEST THE STATit"
Qy SEE OUTSIDE DAILY.
Influence of America in Europe.
Recent events have done much to elevate
the people of the United States in the eyes of
Europe, and to inspire respect for their political
power and resources—for their energy and intel
ligence, and for their advancement in the use
ful arts.
They occupy the front ranks among the na
tions in the world. They have proved them
selves in past years formidable for military
prowess, and in the peaceful pursuits of life they
are putting forth energies and making progress
which must place them far in advance of any
other people in the world.
The London Times which at first ridiculed
our meagre display at the Crystal Palace, now
acknowledge that the English acquired from
the American people, more valuable ideas than
were furnished by the contributions of all the
other nations of the world combined. The
triumph of the “ America ” over the entire
British fleet of Yachts, taught the vaunted mis
tress of the seas that there were lessons in
naval architecture which young America could
teach her.
In happy coincidence with these events, is the
contemplated arrival of the Hungarian patriot,
Kossuth and his comrades in exile, they being
now on hoard the American steamship Mis
sissippi. The selection of this country, as his
future home, is a compliment to our people
and to their republican institutions which is a
bitter rebuke to despotism in Europe, and is
felt as such. Its effect will be to enhance the
strong sympathy already existing between the
people of Europe—the down trodden masses, and
our own citizens. In the same degree must it
increase the jealousy and fear entertained to
ward* the American confederacy as the great
and successful exponent of the capacity of the
people for self-government.
We insert some interesting extracts from for
eign journals as to the movements of Kossuth.
His escape to this country is one of the mosl
mortifying blows imaginable to Austrian arro
gance and despotism, aud indirectly to the spiril
of despotism throughout Europe. The hon
ors that will he paid him on his arrival, aud tht
demonstrations of respect for his patriotic exer
tions to liberate hits country—the hospitality ex
tended to his countrymen in exile—the great su
periority of our institutions of which they will
be the eye witnesses, will encourage the spiril
of liberty throughout Europe, and lend to
undermine the thrones of her tyrants.
It is by this rellex influence aud not from di
rect intervention in the affairs of foreign nations
that the American confederacy will fulfil hei
mission and give liberty to Europe. Her policy
is to avoid entangling alliances. She will nevei
become an armed propagandist, and undertaki
to carry liberty to Europe at the point of the
bayonet. But her peaceful example is daily fight
ing the battle for freedom in the hearts and judg
meats of the people of the old world. It is not at
extravagant conjecture that Kossuth, yet in the
prime of life, may at no distant day he re
called from these shores,and give freedom not only
to his own countrymen, but plant the standard ol
republicanism upon the walls of Vienna. And
this would be but one of the great steps in the
drama of successful revolution that is destined te
sweep over Europe.
In the address of Kossuth to the American
people, published in the Washington Union o;
the 18th instant, are some interesting specula
tions on this subject. That address is a very elo
quent and forcible production. It occupies live
columns and gives a clear, and powerfully gra
phic exposition of Hungarian affairs—the cause
of the revolution and its failure. It tells some
impressive truths to those nations in western
Europe which extended to Hungary but a bar
; ren sympathy, and allowed her to he cloven
down by the colossal (lower of Russia. The il
lustrious author iudulges, however, in a cheerful
; strain of hope for the future destiny of his ceun
tr y, and the cause of liberty in Europe. He is
very eloquent in his eulogies of the American
Republic as the great pioneer in free govern
| ment, and of its influence upon the destinies ol
! other nations.
We cannot forbear giving a few disconnected
extracts from the address and regret that we can
not make room for it entire.
“Free citizens of North America! you have
! given, in spite of the slanders, the fullest sym
pathy for the cause of my country. We had no
j opportunity to explain to you our motives and
, conduct, and refute the libels against us; but we
1 said—and how truly your noble and magnani
i mous conduct show’s it!—that such a nation
knows how to defend a just and holy cause, and
: will give us its sympathy; and this conviction
; inspired us with more confidence. Oh, that you
had been a neighboring nation I—the Old World
would now he free, asd would not have to endure
again those terrible convulsions and rivers of
blood which are inevitable. But the end is with
God, and He will choose the means to fulfil its
purposes.”
* * * * * # # #
“Oh, that Hungary had received but a slight
token of moral support from the European pow-
era—from those powers whose dreams are
troubled with fears of the advance of the Cossack!
Had only an English or a French agent come to
us during our struggle, what might he not have
done! He, too, would have seen and estimated
our ability to sustain ourselves—he would have
observed the humanity, the love of order, the
reverent# for liberty, which characterized the
Hungarian nation. Had these two powers per
mitted a few ships to come to Ossora, lgden with
arms for the noble patriots who had asked in vain
for weapons, the Hungarians would now have
stood a more impregnable barrier against Russia
than all the arts ol a miserable and expensive
diplomacy.”
‘‘There was a time when we, with the neigh
boring Poles, saved Christianity in Europe. And
now I hesitate not to avow before God, that we
alone—that my own Hungary—could have sav
ed Europe from Russian domination. As the
war in Hungary advanced, its character became
changed. In the end, the results it contemplat
ed were higher and far more important—noth
ing less, in fact, than universal freedom, which
was not thought of in the beginning. This was
not a choice; it was forced upon us by the policy
of the European nations, who, disregarding their
own interests, suffered Russia to invade and pro
voke us. Yes, we were martyrs to the cause of
freedom, and this glorious but painful destiny
was imposed upon us.”
“Though my dear native Hungary is trodden
down, and the flower of her sons executed, or
wandering exiles, and I, her governor, writing
from my prison in this distant Asiatic Turkey, I
predict—and the eternal God hears my predic
tion—that there can be no freedom for the con
tinent of Europe, and that the Cossacks from
the shores of the Don will water their steeds in
the Rhine, unless liberty be restored to Hungary.
It is only with Hungarian freedom that the Eu
ropean nations can be free; and the smaller na
tionalities especially can have no future without
us.”
*******
“The Hungarian nation, in her war, has not
only gained a consciousness of her own strength,
but she has forced the conviction into the minds
of other nations that she deserves to exist, and
to be independent; and she can show justly that
her existence and independence are essential to
the cause of liberty in Europe. No, no? Hun
gary is not lost! But her faith, bravery, and by
her foresight, which teaches her to abide her time ,
she will be yet among the foremost in the war
of universal liberty.”
* * * * * * * *
“My country, in the hour of danger, called up
on me to assist in the struggle for freedom. I re
sponded to its call. Others, doubtless, were more
able, who could have won moie fame, but I will
yield to none in the purity of my motives. Per
haps it was confidence in my ardent patriotism
and honesty of purpose which induced the people
to give me the power. They believed freedom
would be safe in my hands. I felt my weak
ness, and told them I could not promise liberty
unless they were united as one man, and would
lay aside all personal—all sectional interests. I
foretold that, if the nation was divided, it would
fall. As long as they followed my injunctions,
and were united, they were unconquerable—they
performed miracles of valor. The fall of Hunga
ry commenced the day they began to divide.—
Not knowing the secret causes of this division,
and not suspecting treachery, and wishing to
inspire confidence, to give skill and all the ele
ments of success to our army, and caring nothing
for my own fame, doing all for the good of my
country, I gave command of the forces to another.
1 was assured by the most solemn engagement,
by the man to whom I gave the power, that he
would use it for the welfare and independence of
the nation, and that he would he responsible to
me and the jreople for the fulfilment of these
conditions. He betrayed his country, and gave
the army to the enemy. Had we succeeded af
ter this teirible blow, he should have met his re
ward. And even now he is not freed lrom his
accountability to the nation, no more than I, in
the moral right and sense, cease to be the gover
nor of Hungary. A short time may reverse
again the fate of all. The aurora of liberty
breaks upon my vision, even at Broussa.”
The Austin (Texas) State Gazette learns from
a member of Capt. Ford’s company of Texas
Rangers, (mustered out of the service of the U.
S. on the ti lth ult.) that about 50 men of the
command left Laredo, with the Captain, to take
a hand in the revolutionary movement on the
other side of the Rio Grande.
Not Hurt my It.—Two of the thirty-six
Hungarians who were hung in effigy by the Aus
trian government, arrived in this country last
week.—They were Madarasz and Baron Mele
lenyi, and are now on their way to Wisconsin or
lowa, to form a colony.
A Washington correspondent of the Charleston
News says that the venerable Mr. Taliaferro, the
Librarian of the Treasury Department, and for
merly a member ot Congress from Virginia, eats
but one meal per day, and that is his dinner. He
is in perfect health. Such is the power of habit.
If he goes to a party, and is obliged to take sup
per, he omits his dinner the next day.
The Albany Ga., Patriot of the 17th, says that
Jacob Levin shot and killed G. W. Lunsford, in
Decatur County on Sunday evening last. Luns
ford was formerly a resident of Baker Co., and
was a respectable and industrious farmer.—He
has left an interesting family.
The St. Louis papers state that a contract has
been entered into for the construction of a canal
around the lower rapids of the Mississippi, to be
140 l'eet wide, and with a depth of 7 feet of wa
ter at all seasons.
Henry Grinnell has received from the Hon.
Henry Clay a letter enclosing a check for sso—
“ mite ” towards the fund for the relief of
Father Mathew.
At a meeting of the planters of Shelby coun
ty, Tennessee, on the 6th instant, twenty dele
gates were appointed to attend the Planter’s Con
vention at Macon (Ga.) on the 27th instant.
Gen. Twiggs.—The Pensacola Gazette in
publishing the marriage of this gallant General
says:—
“On the occasion of the marriage of General
Twiggs on Wednesday morning last, a lew
of the b’boys thought proper to give him a
Charivari for the benefit of the poor of the place,
and we are gratified to say that the amouut de
manded, one hundred dollars, was promptly
handed over, and was immediately distributed
to the needy.”
We regret to learn that a revolutionary soldier,
ninety-two years old, by the name of Pardon
Peckham, was killed last Thursday, by being
run over by a train of railroad cars near Bnflalo. !
After escaping with life during the terrific con- i
test for our independence, and living to see his (
fellow-countrymen er.joy to the fullest extent
the inestimable blessings for which he contend- j
ed in his early years, this good man was finally
crushed to death. May the memory of him and
his brave compatriots live forever in the minds
of the American people.— N. F. Herald , ISM
inst.
Pennsylvania Election.— The returns come
in slowly. It is hardly worth while to repeat
the details of the different counties. Bigler's
(Dem.) majority for Governor will be 10,000 or
12,000. The Legislature is also Democratic, and
will promptly repeal the law forbidding the. use j
of the jails of Pennsylvania for the custody of!
fugitive slaves.
AUGUSTA WHOLESALE PRICES CURRENT, OCT OBE R 22 , 1851.
ARTICLES- PER WHOLESALE- , DPTT.
BAOGisfl— «• $;»*«•»*•
BALE ROPE—Jute ft. it® w cent.
Kentucky ,
fl 8 .»»
prime . ft! 23® »20 P cent.
BEESWAX « ® 00
CANDLES-Spennacetti ...>.. f® m ® cent
Georgian made;.... H,® J® 20 p cent.
Northern }2O ct.
CHEESE—Northern ®@ , 1 .
COFFEE—Cuba *® ,@ cent.
Rio J®
r free.
. SHIRTINGS, bro., 3-4 yd. H® ® J
4 “ 7-*.... ®i® *
g brown, yd. wide ®i® ®I
O SHEETINGS, bro.. 5-4:.... J® ® “
bleached, 5-4.... ** ® J®
» CHECKS !-... I,® J*
c BED TICK B i Si "J
= OSNABURG3.Boz. ..... '«
C YARN, (assorted) Its J* @J® !
FlSH—Mackerel. No. 1... i bbl. 13 i
Do. No. 2... .... I},® HI) .
Do. No. 3...’ ®i® 4} 20 jrct.
FLOUR—Canal ®i® ».}
Augusta Canal.. .... ®i® "1
Georgia, g00d..J... • ct.
FEATHERS—Li re Geese, .ft. 32 fa) 33 )
GRAIN—Corn, loose bus. ®® @ S2OB i ct.
Do. sack 90 (a) 95 J
Wheat— Good White. .... @125
Do. Red. @1 00 1 20 19 ct
GUNPOWDER ! keg 5@5 2o f v
HIDES—Dry ®@ ® }2O ® ct.
Dry, salted !.... ®® 1® 1
IRON—Pig .. !.100 0 (a; 00 30 p cent.
Swedes, assorted.. .ton 4| @ 4) 30 p cent.
Hoop f. 100 5 @ ® l l2O ®ct
Sheet (.ft. 10il IX J 3O F ct-
Nail Rods ...J 5 @ 6|
LEAD—Bar '.IOO 6 @ 71120 *> ct
White Lead j 7i@ « i V
LARD .ft. 12 @ 13
MOLASSES— Cuba gall 25 @ 26
New-Orleans j ®4OIo O n ct
NAILS—Cut, 4d. to2oo. i....' 350@3751 )"* v
General Education, by a ayattm of Free Schools. I
NUMBER 5.
Messrs. Editors Having shown, as I think,
conclusively, in a previous number, that any sys
tem of Common School Education, which should
require the State to be divided into school dis
tricts, involving, as it necessarily must, an enor
mously large amount of absolute loss, without a
corresponding amount of benefits, or any.benefits
at all, would operate very injuriously on the cause
of education amongst the people. I purpose, in
this number, to notice the subject of Free Schools,
as a general system for all classes.
While I readily admit that any system which
aims at the education of the poor, who are desti
tute of the means for procuring education for
themselves, must, and ought to be free, I take
the position, that beyond this class of our citizens,
no system should ever be extended. lam aware
that an objection to this position has been urged,
and it is the only one which has been urged, with
any degree of plausibility. The poor, say the
advocates of a general system, look upon such a
plan as making invidious and disparaging distinc
tions against them, and are unwilling to receive
the education of their children, as a gratuity;
which unwillingness would be overcome by ma
king the tuition of all classes gratuitous. It is
true, in the early introduction of our present sys
tem, some few did object, but for many years
past, since this class of our citizens have taken a
more correct view of the subject, the writer has
heard no one raise the slightest objection, and
cannot consider the objection as having any real
foundation in the state of facts at present exist
ing. lam opposed to a general system of free
schools for many reasons, of which, however, but
two will be at present urged.
Ist. Such a system would, in a very great de
gree, take from parents the oversight and direc
tion of the education of their children, since they
would be compelled to patronize the schools pro
vided for them by the State authorities, or pay
double rates of tuition, and boarding besides,
should they send off to other schools.
I have always been of the opinion that parents
would be more likely to superintend, both the ed
ucation of their children and the management of
the funds for the payment of the expenses, judi
ciously, than the State, or officers appointed by
the State, would be. Can it be argued, that the
State will feel a deeper interest, or exercise a
greater vigilance in these matters than a parent ?
If not, then let no one contend for a system of
free schools, which shall be extended beyond
those who are unable to pay their children’s tui
tion and, at the same time, to provide for their
necessary wants. To this class, let the aid of
the State be extended, and liberally, but not be
yond it.
2d. Any general system of free schools must
necessarily impose a burdensome tax on all who
are able to pay their tuition, beyond what they
would have to pay if they he allowed to pay
their tuition themselves. If this position can be
sustained, it appears to me to be quite sufficient
to put forever at rest, the question of a system of
free schools for all classes. Well, to sustain the
position, let us look for a moment to the practi
cal operation of such a system; for one fact de
duced from actual practice will outweigh a doz
en theories, though deduced from the wisdom ol
the Marietta Convention. For illustration, I
shall state a case, which though hypothetical!
will apply to every man, in a greater or less de
gree, as the amount of his tax and tuition may
be greater or less than the amount here stated.
A pays a tax of SSO, and his tuition amounts
to the same sum. Now, under the free school
system, he must pay his SSO into the hands of
State officers, it will lay one year in the coffers
of the State, and come back to pay the tuition of
A, not only without interest, but lessened by fees
of the officers through whose hands it has passed
from A to the teacher of his children; and he
finds himself obliged to advance $5 more, to make
the sum equal to his tuition. Thus, under the
free system* A must lose the interest at least, and
five dollars besides, to settle his tuition—that is
he must pay at least $8 50 more than his tuition.
Now compare this with what he would pay un
der our present system, and I am quite willin'
that A should decide the question between the
two systems. Under the present system, A se
lects his school for his children, retains in his
own hand or uses his SSO until the end of the
year, when, with the fifty dollars, he pays his
tuition, and puts back into his own pocket the
profits arising from the use of the SSO for one
year, which will be, at least, equal to its legal in
terest, $3 50. Now, add this to the loss under
the free system, and you have the difference, in a
pecuniary point of view’, between the two sys
tems, viz: sl2 in every SSO, or 24 per cent, in
favor ol our present system, and against a gener- ■
al system of free schools. A sum large enough, ■
in my opinion, to ensure the condemnation of a ,
general free system, before the people. Such is
the wisdom of the plan recommended by the
Convention, and such would be the wisdom of its I,
adoption. ' j
ARTICLES. . PER WHOLESALER DUTY.
'• I OlLS—Sperm, W. Strained’....Mo ft 1 70!free.
Full Strained 1 30 @ 1 40.
Summer do I 1 60 r ai 1 12
Liiueed bbl.k) 90 @ 1 00 20 ®eent.
Tanners 0 60 @ 0 00
Bard 1 00 @ 1 12
POTATOES bbl. 0 00 @ 0 00
PIPES J.... 0 62 @ 1 00
1 PORTER “dot :2 25 (ho 3 50
PEPPER ft.!o 10 §j 12*
. PIMENTO 016@0 00
RAlSlN'S—Malaga, bunch. box 000 @ 325 ), A .
Muscate 0 00 @ 0 00 J*® ” * ,
RlCE—Oordinary 100 3 75 @ 4 00
Fair 4 00 @ 4 50;
Good and Prime 0 00 @ 0 00
French Brandies gall 1 50 @ 2 00 100 D ct.
Leger Freres I 2 75 @ 3 00'
06 Holiand Gin 125 @ 150 100 4? ct.
; E; American Gin 038 @ 040
pi Jamaica Rum 150@ 2 00 100 ct.
2 N.E. Rum, hhda Jc bbls 034 @ 037
m Wliiakey.Phila. 4 Balt 027 @ 030
Do. New-Orleans..! 027 @ 030
Peach Brandy 1 00 @ 1 25 100 ip ct.
. SUGAR—Cuba Muscovado ft. 0 64 @ 8 00 1
P. R. 4 St. Croix .... 0 7 @ 8) I
Havana, white.. 000 @ 0O I
New-Orleans. 0 7@ [3opct.
Clarified 8r0wn..... 0 84 @ 0 9
White., bus. 0 9 @ 09f J
Bump .ft. 0 10 @ 0 11 „ .
SABT—Liverpool 0 00 @ 1 25 j2O l* ct.
Loose 0 00 @ 0 45
'll SOAP—American, yellow. ,acko 5@ 0 630 p cent
SHOT—AII sites 162@175 20 p cent.
SEGARS—Spanish M. 20 00@30 00 40 p cent.
* TALLOW—American 09@ 0 1010 p cent.
TOBACCO—Georgia ft. 0 00 @ 0 00 ) ~ .
Cavendish 022 @ 0 5(8 M w ct -
TWlNE—Bagging 018 @ 025 , n w .
Seine 0 30 @ 0 50( ) “9 V Cl -
TEAS—Pouchong 0 50 @ 0 75
Gunpowder 4 Imp 0 75 la) 1 00 I-
Hyson 0 70 @ 0 80 f lree -
Young Hyson 0 70 @ 0 75
WINES—Mao-s™ ..... •l B «u.ja 00 <a> 9 9.5,30 P cent.
Claret, Marseilles cask 0 25 @ 0 60 40 fr cent.
Do. Bordeaux dot 300 @ 36040 p cent.
Champagne !9 00 @ls 00 40 p cent.
jl Malaga 1 050@062 40 p cent.
Some reasons have been urged in favor of this
general free system, founded on the defects, real
or supposed, of our present system of common
education. These will be met in my next num
ber, in which I shall notice our present system,
and endeavor to show some of its merits, its de
fects, and their remedies.
A MEMBER.
ELECTION RETURNS.
I -3 ~ ® .
Iga S J
O 5 £ -s *> •£
' «w o H a a j
Appling 181 155 191 13310000 000(1
Baker 708 320 568 273 ! 00U0 0000
Baldwin 817 368 309 357|0000 0000
Bibb 783 715 734 634 0000 OOOU
Bryan 85 109 76 11710000 0000
Bulloch 339 64 408 2510000 0000
Burke 440 543 34a 464(0000 0000
Butts 456 244 411 264 0000 000 C
Camden 71 237 176 62 0000 0000
Campbell m 56 000 653 31l'0000 000 C
Carroll 751 700 891 428 0000 00(8:
Cass 740 1252 1461 905 j 636 ?,e
Chatham 755 837 786 666j0000 0000
Chattooga OOUj m4OO 462 396|0000 0000
Cherokee 756: 1291 1101 681;0000 OOOfl
Clarke 417 620 454 584! 775 11
Clinch 000 m 251 |OOOO OOOC
Cobb 1347 1267 1089 888 2000 14
Columbia 245 416 220 3611u000 0000
Coweta 754 786 724 77410000 (XKXJ
Crawford 443 405 464 37710000 0000
Decatur 310 505 392 46910000j 0000
DeKalb 099 1426 1014 832 496 U7
Dade 000 m9B 309 67 0000 0000
Dooly 583 397 505 311 0000 0006
Early 380 384 457 144 0000 OOOC
Effingham 156: 177 121 202 0000 OOOC
Elbert 267 \ 994 195 995 0000 OOOC
Emanuel 252 2)4 307 176 0000 OOOC
Fayette 595 646 697 449 0000 000 C
Floyd 405 1066 780 738 554 67
Forsyth C2o 733 753 49C 0000 000 C
Franklin I 000 m 640 974 ! 389 0000 00<K
Gilmer | 147 1193 838 289 0000 oooC
Glynn | 50 76 38 94 0000 ooo<
Gordon I 397 679 438; if
Greene 190 j 737 128 761 0000 (0004
Gwinnett 630 821 639 730 6000 uoof
Habersham 252 1030 771 322 0000 000<
Hall 376 732 695 542 0000 000(
Hancock 215 548 344 412 287 h>j
Harris 328 714 441 748 0000 000(
Heard 408 447 486 355 0000 00(8
Henry 673 984 895 910 0000 000(
Houston ; 621 632 681 568 0000 000(
Irwin 000 000 337 41 0000 0001
Jackson ( 415| 829 732 558 611 f
Jasper 566 ( 446 540 410 0000 0001
Jefferson 128; 532 107 430 0000 000(
Jones j 405 381 4:74 396 0000 00U(
Laurens 76 579 58 539 0000 000(
Lee 217 468 249 330 0000 00(X
Liberty 157 198 146 153 0000 00(8
Lincoln 165 360 172 233 0000 00(8
■ Lowndes 361, 408 43U 419 0000 00(8
Lumpkin | 257 1013 589 537 505 2:
Macop 421 673 340 389 0000 0001
Madison 741 598 375 324 314 H
Marion 5711 732 581 517 0000 0001
Mclntosh 67 143 138 79 0000 OoOf
Merriwether 774 j 731 834 743 440 Cf
Mouroo 679 j 727 050 "32(0000 000<
Montgomery 31 k 258 53 221|0000 OOOf
Morgan 306 464 272 379(00(8) Uoo<
Murray 856 1290 1177 703| 388 1
Muscogee 939 1147 857 1039 0000 000<
Newton 399 10:33 510 Qlo[oooo CHXB
Oglethorpe 279 486 206 600(0000 000<
Paulding 3d2 571 508 359 Oooo' (XKX
Pike 853 901 895 719(0000 uo0(
■ Pulaski 215 518 399 340,0000 CKXX
Putnam 307 386 333 374 0000 OOOC
Rabun 173 238 330 21|0000 000(
Randolph 797; 808 769 77"(0000 000<
Richmond. 6541 856 542 739 j GB4 »7
Soriven ■... 313 146 251 22610000 000(
Stewart 723 ( 894 048 824 0000 000<
Sumter 405 845 577 662(0000 (KHX
Talbot 669 845 786 796 0000 000<
Taliaferro 61 341 69 328 0000 00(8
Tatnall ,84 363 96 307 0000 OOOC
Telfair 133 203 219 173 0000 00(8
Thomas 485 314 311 416 0600 OOOC
Troup 373 1134 406 1096 507 9!
■ Twiggs 385 294 392 330 0000 nOOC
Union 000 m4OO 673 285 0000 OOOC
Upson 352 682 423 620 0000 OOOC
Walker 661 1212 918 731 0000 OOOC
Walton 486 813 741 536 0000 OOOC
Ware 168 151 217 268 0000 OOOC
Warren 428 671 417 572 0000 OOOC
Washington 383 812 592 612 717 53
Wayne 98 80 112 62 34 8
Wilkes 342 465 324 441 248 s
Wilkinson ....I 5291 471 512 3811(8)00 OOOfl
Strange Developments of Incendiaries.—
Benjamin Stillings, a wealthy citizen of South
Berwick, Maine, has been held to bail in the
sum of $4,000, to answer a charge of arson.—
John S. Wilkinson, who turned State’s evidence,
testified that in 1848, Stillings hired the witness,
and one John Pray, to burn the Metodist meet
ing house in Berwick. They accomplished their
purpose by boring out the panels of the outer
door, and placing combustibles around the altar
of the church. Within a few months, the wit
ness assisted the prisoner in burning a barn, dwel
ling house, powder house, an academy, and blow<-
ing up the Baptist meeting house, all in South
Berwick. Pray was held to hail in th: sum of
SI4OO, and Andrew Joy, accused of complicity
in the same offences, was ordered to give sureties
for his appearance to the amount of S7OO.
Money Affairs --The corres
pondentoi the Philadelphia Inquirer says:
The stringency in the money market, and
with it, all apprehensions of farther failures, is
passing away, and confidence will he fully re
stored in the course of a few days. Our mer
chants and monied men, consequently, have put
on more cheerful faces, and laugh and ioke as
usual. J
What then ?—The destiny of the world often
hangs on the smallest trifles. A little miff be
tween Charles Bonaparte and his love, Letitia
might have broken off a marriage, which gave
birth to Napoleon and the battle of Waterloo.—
Allentown Bern.
Yes, that is a fact. Suppose “alittle miff”
had taken place between Adam and Eve ? What
then ?—Chicago Advertiser.
Dreadful Mortality at Para, Brazil.—
Advice from Para, to Sept. 28th, state that the
yellow fever, small-pox, and other disease were
fearfully mortal at that place, and were carrying
off a large number of inhabitants.
The rate of passage from Liverpool to Boston
aud New-York, by the Cunard and Collins’
steamships, will be reducud to $l5O after the Bth
proximo.
Bank Not* Table.
Augusta Insurant* A Banking Company
Bank of Augusta
. Branch State of Georgia. Augusta ’,
1 Bank of Brunswick
Georgia Rail-Road
Mechanics’ Bank
Bank of St. Marys
Bank of Milledgeville
I| Bank of th ® state Os Georgia, at Savannah " „
' j| Branches of ditto
j Marine A Fire Insurance Bank,Savannah.
‘ Branch of ditto, at Macon
, Planters’ Back, Savannah
Central Bank of Georgia
Central R. R. 4 Banking Company, Savannah ..... u
; Charleston Banks
Bank of Camden
Back of Georgetown *
Commercial, at Columbia
• Merchants’, at Cheraw .”!!"!
Bank of Hamburg
Alabama Notes n'ta'i's
j Tennessee 5 ®
; <3 5 d«
NOT BANKABLE,
i Merchants’ Bank, at Macon *
EXCHANGE.
On New-York ■
Philadelphia ’ ” * 9 eni
■ j: Boston u
Lexington, Kentucky " plr
i- Nashville, Tennessee u
STOCKS.
Georgia, 6 per cents
•Not taken by our Banks, but redeemable at the PW
era’ Bank, Savannah, at par.
Savannah Chamber of Commerce.
j S'VJSF President,
t. C. GREEK lrf Vice-President
EDW D. PADELFORD, ilTice-lTes.aem,
OCT AV US COHEN, Secretary and Treasurer.
8 MARRIED,
I At New Haven. Connecticut. October. 13. by the Rev A
E. E. Beardsley, JrLiAN Myers. United States Naa |
9 to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of W. H. Wall, of
» ■ V
i Cfommcrcial. i
'm ■ ■ - ■ ■" ■ -.11. ■ , - ■ - - ... -
Augusta Market, October 2g'
COTTON.—Our last Wednesday's report left the mar
ket depressed with a downward tendency in prices,
which continued thronght the week. On Monday, the
market opened with a good enquiry, and sales were
effected at an advance of Jc. on Middling Fair to Fair,
and sc. on the lower qualities. Yesterday, (Tuesday)
the market continued stiff at full prices and not much
offering. We quote:
K) Ordinary ss®6s
10 Middling to Good Midding 7s®7§
Middling Fair 7f/g
K) E**r 7|@—
10 RECEIPTS OF COTTON,
>0 From Ist September , 1851, to latest dates received
j|> 1851. 1850.
K> Savannah, Ort. 15 8,824 22,948
Charleston, Oct. 16 28.074 82,299
iO Mobile, Oct. 10 4,938 10.375
K) New-Orleans. Oct. 14 124.311 68,81*
10 Florida, Sept. 21 299 969
1 Texas, Sept. 21 407 29 j
K> Xorth-Carolina, Oct. 4 83
4
*0 Total Receipt* 166.886 126 055
10 126,055
10
10 Increase in Receipts 40[531
STOCK OF COTTON
Remaining on hand at the latest dates received.
,0 Savannah, Oct. 15 6.432 15,617
10 Charleston. Oct. 16 14.271 20612
Sj Mobile, Oct. 10 25.431 10,087
10 New-Orleans, Oct. 14 87,356 48.002
X) Florida, Sept. 21 820 421
57 Texas, Sept. 21 600 IS
K) Augusta and Hamburg, Oct. 1....28.430 13,963
w North-Caroliua, Oct. 4 100 150
X) New-York, Oct. 14 20,871 21.316
16 T0ta1.... 184,311 130,18 t,
Xi GROCERIES.—We have little or no change to notir r >
2 in our Grocery market this week. The stocks of - our
X) merchants are good and daily increasing. The der
>4 is still confined to supplying country orders.
J} BACON.-The stock on hahd is light, but all sufficient
DO to meet demand. By wholesale.holders are stU' t asking 12
JO aI2J for ribbed, and 12$ cents for clear Sid es. By the
XJ small quantity, ribbed Sides are selling at a j.q nn j
X) clear at 13$ cents. Shoulders are Worth from 9$ to 11
X) cents, according to quality and qr.axVity.
xJ LARD.—The stock of Lard is. Ml the increase and
X, i ,ric ‘" < haTe B>ven way. We now quote 12 al3 cuts.
X) COFFEE. Stock on hand good. We quote Rio at 9$
30 a* 10 cents.
n SUGARS. Good stock on hand—no change to notice
JO in prices. Oar quotations will give a fair index of prices.
14 MOLASSES.—There is a good demand for Cuba, and
M price,i tend “I war ' K T >‘« stock on hand is light, and
50 most holders are asking 25 cents by the hhd.
DO SALT.—Stock on hand very light, and sales are mak
» ing from storesjat sl.» per sack. No wholesale trans
-9 actions have como to onr knowledge this week.
X) BAGGING.—There is but little enquiry for this arti
-5 clß ' W ® quote Gunny at 14 al4 • from stores by the
2 halo or bolt.
2 "’HEAT—Wo now quote good Rsd at 90 a sl.
X) f " bite is scarce. Our City Mills, however, are wsll sup
)G plied with Virginia and Maryland, and are kept busy in
19 grinding.
J7
X) CORN.—There is but a limited demand, and price*
)0 have a downward tendency. We quote 80 aBS for feed,
and 90 cts. for good White, suitable for griming.
X) FLOUR.—-There is a good demand for City Mills, and
)0 prices are lower. We now quote for white Wheat 6to
J! * 7 P er bbl. as in quality, and from red at aO. There
)5 | is a good supply of Northern and country on hand, but
X) i the demand for these description is limited,
jjj | DOMESTIC SPIRITS.—SuppIy moderate, but suffi-
X) j cient to meet the demand. New Orleans Whisky is
)0 worth from 28 to 30 cents. We have heard of the sale
this week of 100 bbls. at prices under our lowest quo
13 tation.
8 STOCKS.—We have heard of no salt within the past
0 two or three weeks, of any description of Bank Stock.
- EXCHANGE.—We have no change to notice in the
- , rates for Northern Exchange, which continue at£- e
h ! cent. prem. for Sight Checks on New-York and
e ; Northern cities. On Charleston and Sava- „„„
Banks are drawing at par.
? > FREIGHTS.—Our river is low. We . . _
5 a a- ~ , have no change
* to notice in rates, which continue ... . . .
for Cotton to Savannah and n . T . v .....
ri j - . . . x, . Charleston. Yery little
r i down freight offering.
-da
and Suiurdav 'v b * les ’ at P ricea current on Friday
* 1 salesr utsl o be followin g are the particulars of the
- -a A it „ 7 l i u at 7s; 69 at 7s: 36 at 7 11-16;
(l Tj, *Bat<gj3B at 8. and 18 hales at 8$ cents.
y Shipping JnteUigrnce.
ARRIVALS FROM CHARLESTON.
Steamship Albatros, Dixon, Norfolk, (Va.)
Brem. Barque Copernicius, Weiting, Bremerhaven.
d , Barque Avola, Kendrick, Boston.
8 | Sp. brig Transito, Attau, Marseilles via Barcelona.
I Schr. D. H. Baldwin, Parker, Baltimore.
■ Schr. Eureka, Kirwan, Baltimore.
UP FOR CHARLESTON.
8 Barque Petrea. ,at New York.
Schr. Alice, Phillips, at Baltimore,
l Schr. Brilliant, Delany, at Baltimore.
- Schr. Mary Isabella, Martin, at Baltimore.
, LOADING FOR CHARLESTON/
! Ship Eastern Queen, Ross, at Liverpool.
■* The Urgent, ,at Liverpool.
7 CLEARED FOR CHARLESTON.
' Ship Catharine, Munson, at New-York.
' Schr. J. K. Randall, Blackwell, at New-York.
SAILED FOR CHARLESTON.
. Barque Sumter, Ryder, from Boston.
! CHARLESTON, Oct. 21.—Arr. Swed. t«jrque J. L.
Lamm, Valley, Stockholm.
; Below, barque Bay State, for Baltimore.
In the Offing, a herm. brig, supposed to bs foreign.
FOR SALE.
GEORGIA Rail Roa4 and City of Augusta
SEVEN PER CENT BONDS.
Enquire at the Mechanic*’ Bank. »ept. 1$