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CK) N STITUTIOJSTALiIST.
AUdUSTA, O-A,
WEDNESDAY MORNING. NOV. 14, 1866.
[Bpwi»! Gerrespondence of tlio Constitutionalist.
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
Miixbdoeviixb, November 10, 1806.
SENATE.
Prayer by Rev. Mr, Yarborough.
bills itroduced.
By Mr. Blount—Regulating the manner of
convicts laboring upon Public Works.
Mr. Shorter—To deprive the jurisdiction of
courts in criminal cases ol bastardy, and regu
late certain proceedings therein.
Mr. Thornton—To educate the indigent
maimed soldiers of Georgia and provide the
means for the same.
Mr. Strozier—To repeal an act entitled an act
to alter and amend sections 4590 and 4597 ot the
Code of Georgia.
Mr. Turner—To require executors and ad
ministrators to advertise the terms of theii
sales. Also, to amend section 1500 ol the Code
of Georgia. | Putting the salary of Chaplaiu of
the Penitentiary to SSOO per annum.
Mr. Carter —To provide for the discharge oi
insolvent debtors.
Mr. L. V. Johnson presented a memorial
from Joseph Elsas, of Marietta, Georgia, on
the subject of immigration of foreign laborers
in this State. [Suggests that a Commissioner
be appointed to open an immigration otlicc in
Frankfort, Germany, or some other of the Ger
man cities, and to sell State or individual
lauds, &c.
Mr. J. A. W. Johnson presented a petition
front the ladies of Resaca asking the appropria.
lion of #SOO to pay a debt incurred in gathering
„p and properly interring the remains of the
gallant dead who fell at and near Resaca.
bills passed.
To add additional sections to the. 10th divi
B io„. part fourth, title first, of the Penal Code
of Georgia.
To revive the 4,348t1, section of the Code, re
pealed by tbe act oi March 13,1860.
To amend the 3704th section of the Code ol
Georgia, by adding the words “ or district” af
ter the word county in the second line of said
section.
To prevent the destruction of fish in times o,
low w iter in Emmanuel county.
To change section 3500 of the Code ot Geor
gia. [The contents of this bill was given when
it was introduced.)
BILL. LOST.
The bill to authorize a lottery for the educa
tion of orphans of soldiers.
A resolution was adopted tendering to Gene
ral A. R. Lawton a seat on the floor of the Sen
ate during his stay at the capital.
A message was received from the House in
forming the Senate that it had by a vote ol
yeas 147, nays 2, concurred in the resolution
from the Senate declining to ratify the amend
ment, whereby a fourteenth article is proposed
to be added to the Constitution of the United
States.
As ter reading bills the first and second time
the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE.
A seat on the floor ot the House was tendered
to Gen. A. R. Lawton.
JtKW MATTER.
Mr. Tucker of Metriwether—A bill to ad
vance *5,000 to the State Printer.
BILLS ON THEIR PASSAGE.
To endorse by the State the bonds of the
Macon Brunswick Railroad. The Committee
on Agriculture and Internal Improvement re
ported in favor of the passage of the bill. Mr.
Dorsey moved to lay on the table for the present
not agreed to. Mr. Pottle moved td make it
the special order for Thursday next—motion
prevailed.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
Mr. M<isoi, of Muscogee—To exonerate
Sheriffs from making levies while the Stay Law
is unrepealed, unless the one demanding the
levy shall give Lite Sheriff an indemnity bond.
BILLS ON TUBIR PASSAGE.
For the relief of indigent maimed soldiers
(Mr. Snead's Dill). Passed.
To amend the 2d section of the Act incorpo
rating the Georgia Home Insurance Company.
Passed.
The bill proposing aid to all railroads in pro
gress ol construction, or hereafter to be con
structed, was withdrawn.
To repeal 1301st section of the Code. Passed.
To amend the charter of the Southern Mutual
Insurance Company. Passed.
To incorporate Mosegiel Manufacturing
Company. Passed.
To prevent the obstruction of Spriug Creek
in Eaily and Miller counties. Passed.
To incorporate the town of MarshallviUe.
Passed.
BILLS INTRODUCED.
Mr. Lawson, of Putuam —For the relief of
Seago, Palmer & Co.
BILLS ON THEIR PASSAGE.
To amend 324th section of the Code (to strike
out ten and insert twenty). Passed.
To alter section SHOT of the Code. Passed.
To repeal Act to perfect service on Express
Companies. Postponed for the present.
To repeal 4640, 4641, 4042, and 4048, substi
tuted and passed.
To define house-breaking. Passed.
For the relief of Benjamin L. Cook. (Think
ing his wife dead he married another; this bill
exempts him from the pains and penalties of
bigamy.) Passed.
To amend the 638th section of the Code.
Passed.
To amend the 44615 t section ot the Code.
(Makes it a misdemeanor to hunt with guns or
dogs on Sunday.)
To repeal part of an Act allowing Sheriffs
from one county to arrest persons out of his
county. Lost.
Adjourned.
Mr. Thornton, ot Muscogee introduced into
the Senate an important, and I think a good bill
10-day. I send you a copy of the bill. It pro
vides for the education of maimed soldiers, at
the State University, at the cost of the State,
but requires them to teach in the county from
which they come, as many years as ’they have
been at college. I think the bill could be
amended by providing more fully for the re
turn of the cost of education, in case the maim
ed soldier after obtaining his collegiate educa
tion should refuse to teach as required, and go
into other business. The sooner the South
look 6 to thownatter of educating her teachers
and employing only them to educate her peo
ple the better. New England, and especially
Massachusetts,not only educate and employs her
own teachers, but she sends them out every
where, West and South. The great west has
received and employed most of these teachers,
and the results I think can be seen in the elec
tions for the past few years. Georgia and the
other Southern States should then look earnest
ly to the matter of educating, employing and
sending out her own teachers.
Since writing the above 1 learn that the joint
connijittee appointed by the lust Legislature has
a bill somewhat similar to Mr. Thornton’s, and
as this bill will uo doubt be referred to it, I
would not be surprised, that with the amend
ment, such as L here allude to, the bill or a simi
lar one will be recommended for passage, by
said committee.
The very appropriate, able and comprehen
sive report of the joiut committee on the Con
stitutional Amendment, it is understood, was
written by the Hon. R. J. Moses, of Muscogee.
Mr. Moses is nu able member ot tbe Columbus
bar. Though a new member last year, lie ex
hibited nnt< li industry, and tact and talent in
legislation, and is looked upon as one of the
most influential men in the House. 1 send you
a copy of the report Ac., ot the joint commit
tee on the Constitutional Amendmunt.
The Commissioners, General Cobb, John
Fitten and M. 11. Cooper, appointed by the
Governor, under resolution of last Legislature,
have made their repoit. I learn that they re
commend the removal of the Penitentiary to
tbe Stone Mountain, mid further recommend
that the convicts be not taught mechanical
trades.
There occurred an interesting little affair in
the House to-day. When the vote on the reso
lution of the Joint Committee on the Consti
tutional Amendment was taken in the House
on yesterday, Mr. Adams, of Clarke, was in
the House but did not vote. The facts having
come to tbe knowledge of Mr. Moses, of Mus
cogee, he brought the subject before the House
this morning, and he contended that unless ex
cused, all members should lie required to vote,
while in the House, upon all questions brought j
before them. The Speaker decided that itAvas i
too late to make the point then — that it ought j
to have been made yesterday. As soon as Mr.
Moses took his seat, Mr. Adams arose. He
said that the reason lie did not vote was, that
while he had no objection to the resolution and
would have supported it cheerfully, yet, lie
was not forced to vote on the report. 1 have
since learned that Mr. Adams was out of the
House at the moment the motion was made to
adopt the resolution, and as at the conclusion
of the reading of the report the vote was taken
he declined to vote, for the reason given by
him.
A BILL
To be entitled an Act to educate the indigent
maimed soldiers of Georgia, and to provide the
necessary means for the same.
Whereas , It is a matter of primary import
ance that Georgia should have native educated
teachers for the instruction of theehi.ii ,» of
the State; and whereas, there arc many i ligent
maimed soldiers In this State, undertin of
thirty years, who, by reason of loss of bs,
are deprived of the ability to perform pi.;.. ieal
labor; and whereas, it is a holy and pa.riotie
duty to provide, in the best manner possible for
these unfortunate patriots, for remedy whereof
Be it enacted , That all indigent maimed sol
diers of the State of Georgia, under tbe age of
Ihijrty years, be educated at the University of
the State, free of charge for tuition, books,
board and clothing, until the completion of
their collegiate term.
Sec. 3. That upon the application, accompa
nied with proper vouchers, of any indigent
maimed soldier, that he is of the class above
specified, to the teachers of said University,
they shall forthwith receive him into said insti
tution, and give him all the benefits of tlie same,
upon the applicant entering into a written obli
gation upon his honor to teach, when he shall
have completed his collegiate course, the same
number of years in the county front whence lie
came, that lie may have been in said University.
*Sbc. 5. That for the purpose of effectually
carrying into efficient operation the provisions
of this Act, His Excellency, the Governor,
lie, and lie is hereby authorized, should there
pot he funds provided for the same in the Treas
ury to issue to the Trustees of the University
the Bonds Os the State, payable at Such times
and in such manner as he may deer,; best, to an
amount sufficient to accomplish and carry into
effectual operation the provisions of this Act.
Georgia Legislature.
Report- and Resolutions of the Joint Standing
C’Qinniitteon the Constitutional Amendment
Your Committee have serious doubt ... so
Lite propriety ol discussing the proposed
Amendment; lo the Constitution of the I nited
States.
They are presented so us without fhcauthori
ty Os the Constitution, and it has occurred to
us, that as the dignity and rights oi Georgia
might be compromised by a consideration oi
the merits of the proposed Amendments, that
the proper course would he to lay them upon
the table or indefinitely postpone consid
eration without one w ord of debate.
We shall depart from this course only . far
as to give the reasons which to our minds for
bid discussion upon the merits of the proposed
Amendments.
The argument resolves itself into a few sim
ple propositions.
Ist. If Georgia is not tt State composing a
part of the Federal Government known as the
Government of the United Slates, Amendment!
to the Constitution of the United States are not
properly before this body.
3d. if Georgia is a State, composing a part of
the Federal Government, known as the Govern
ment of the United States, then these Amend
tnenls are not. proposed, according to Itie ,v
quirejnents of the Federal Constitution, and
are proposed in such a manner as forbids this
House from acting or dismissing Hie merits ol
the Amendments.
In discussing these propositions we will en
deavor to establish,
Ist. That Georgia is a State of the United
States, coequal with a!! the other Stales of the
Federal Union, and, therefore, entitled to nil
the rights and privileges of any and every othei
State under the Federal Conslitiiliou.
2d. That these amendments have not been
proposed in either of the methods required by
the sth Article of the Constitution.
Wo do not propose to discuss whether any
political organization,except a State of the Un
ion, can constitutionally consider amendments
lo the Constitution, because l>y the sth Article
proposed amendments become a purl ot the
Constitution of the United Slates when iiifiiied
by the Legislatures of throe-fourths of Ihe
several States;, Os by conventions in three-lourlhs
of the States, as me oi;e or llic other mode ol
ratification may lie proposed by the Congress !
With this citation we shall dismiss wire. ?"
to nit to be a self-evident proposition.
It might with propriety lie said that the as
Urinative of the second proposition; is Geor
gia one of the United States r might rest upon
the fact that the Constitutional Amendments
proposed have been submitted to the Legisla
ture ol Georgia tor ratilieatiou or rejection, bid
in view of file faet tint the Radical parly, now
dominant at the North recognises the status of
the seceding States as States whenever sugli re
cognition is necessary to a surrender of righL
and denies file proposition whenever the recog
nition is essential to their maintenance, it may
not be out of place lo recur so the history ol
the Federal Government in order to licfiqe the
relation of Georgia to the several States of the
American Union •
Neighboring Slates certainly have no inherent
right to control the political condition ol each
other, this being the ease, thirteen Stales limner
ty colonies of Great Britain formed a political
alliance and established a Government called
tlie United States of America. Georgia was one
of the original thirteen, certain political powers
were delegated to the General Government, and
certain other powers reserved to I He. States res
pectively.
The delegated powers were expictsed in a
written instrument called the Constitution of
the United States anil Hie power ot the General
Government lo legislate in anyway upon die
interest of the several States composing the
Unioii is derived front that instrument, either
by express grant or by necessary implication.
Georgia was clearly a Slate when llie Union
was formed, for she was one of the original
States by whom the Government was created.
Georgia then lining one of the original States,
lias never ceased to occupy that relation to her
sister States unless by the Constitution, either
expressly or by implication, she has reserved to
herself the right to secede or vested m the
Legislature or some other department of the
Government the rigid, to eject her.
Did Georgia have the right to secede ?
Georgia supposed that when the General
Government ceased to answer the purposes of
its creation, that she had a right iq secede, and
did in fact endeavor to withdraw from the
Federal Union in conjunction with ten of her
sister States. The remaining, or non seceding
States, declared the Union to be perpetual and
indivisible, hilt failing, under the Constitution,
to find auy power to coerce a State, Congress
resorted to Bth section, in which the legislative
powers arc defined, wherein the. power is given
to Congress to suppress insurrection, aijd on
the 39tli of July, 1861, passed an act entitled
“ An Act to provide for the suppression of re
bellion against and resistance to the laws of she
United States, and to amend an act passed
February 38, 1705.”
Under (bis and similar acts the military pow
er of the United States was called forth design
edly not against the States, but to suppress in
surrection by the people within the .States.—
The United States Government uniformly re
fused to recognise the acts of eoco-sjon as State
acts, but treated them as the acts of iur,urgent
rebelling against, the authority ol the United
States. Under this political aspfcct of the ease,
no war was ever ifedgredby Congress (which i'
the only department that could declare war),
because a declaration of war would have re
cognized the practical right of secession.
The war should have necessarily been declared
against the Confederate Government as a for
eign poteer, and the relations which tlieStut.cs
composing the Confederate Government would
have borne to the United States, or remain."
States, when conquered would have been en
tirely dependent upon snch terms as should be
embodied in the treaty of peace which mjo-bt,
be made between the contending Powers. B
Instead of recognizing Secession and declar
ing war , the Congress" of the United States
passed the act referred to for suppressing insur
rections, whenever, in the judgment of the
President, the laws of the United States could
not be enforced by the ordinary course of .Ju
dicial proceedings.
How long did the power of the President
continue to employ the militia of the several
States, and the land and naval forces of the
United States y So long as the cause which
culled it into existence continued no longer
What was that cause ? This act. aiul all acts
passed by Congress on the subject declares
that it was to suppress insurrection when it
should lie so formidable that the laws of .I he
United States could not he enforced by ordi
nary judicial course, and this fact was left to
the judgment of the President, whose duty it
is to see that the laws of the United States are
executed.
The President, by proclamation, has declared
the rebellion suppressed, that peace reigns
throughout the United States, and that the laws
can be enforced by ordinary judicial course. In
other words, that an insurrection did exist on
the part of a portion of the people of the sev
ertil States ol the Union; that that insurrection
has been suppressed, and the whole people of
these States are now (as a portion oj them al
ways have been), ready to yield obedience to the
laws of the United States.
No treaty followed llje suppression ol the in
surrection because a Government does not treat,
with individuals, and the Government of the
United States throughout the whole of this con
test, lias refused to mat it as a contest with
States; and again, because the people hitherto
Charged with being in insurrection were citizens
of States already bound together by a compact
known as the Constitution of tiie United Suites,
which has never been abrogated oy overthrown,
and lias lost none of its vitality by an unsuc
cessful attempt to overthrow it. and which is
therefore now the supreme law of Georgia. By
virtue of its jrowers, the Congress of the United
States, acting upon the theory of the indivisi
bility of the Union, treated the Slate as a State
in the Union, and under the sth section, Ist ar
ticle of the Constitution, declares:
“Representatives and direct taxes shall lie
apportioned among (lie several States, which
may be in this am on, according to their re
spective members ,” did on the sth August, 1861,
enact “ That a direct tax of twenty milliooM
dollars be and is hereby annually laid upon the p
United States, and the same shall be appor
tioned to the Stales respectively in mauuor
following : The State of Georgia, $584,3157 3%,
and a proportionate amount to each State ajul
Territory of (lie United States,” and on the
15th July, 1863, “ An Act to amend the Judicial
system of the United States! the districts of
South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi,
and Florida were constituted the fifth circuit ol
tlie United Slates.”
There are several other acts passed during the
rebellion deriving all their force from the Con
stitution, wherever it defines the legislative
power of Congress over the States in the
Union which but for the fact that these Srates
were regarded as in the Union would have been
wholly inapplicable to them.
The whole theory adopted by Congress and
the Executive, and maintained throughout the
entire war was this: The Union is indissoluble,
the practical relation of the States to the
Federal Government is interrupted by a rebell
ion. The whole power of the Government
must lie used to suppress the rebellion ; that
the States may he restored to their practical re
lations with the Federal Government. Had the
people in the disaffected States retired peacea
bly to tlicir abodes under the proclamation, the
Slates would have been immediately restored
to liieir practical relations, and this result fol
lowed, whenever the President declared tlie re
bellion suppressed ! Wherever the laws could
be enforced in the ordinary judicial course, the
Union was restored and the Constitution pro
claimed tlie relation of the States to the Fed
eral Government, rendering legislation on the
subject by Congress not only unnecessary, but
unwarranted.
We have thus endeavored to show that the
right to secede is denied by the General Gov
ernment, and its construction lias been main
tained by the sword and is submitted to by all
the States.
Has Congress the right to eject a State.
The powers of Legislation arc defined in the
Bth section, and no power is given to Congress
to legislate a State out of the Union ; and while
by tlie 3d section of the 4th article, the Con
gress may admit a new State formed out of the
territory of the United States or foreign terri
tory, there is no clause of that instrument by
which Congress or any other power can trans
form a State into a territory.
Then as Georgia was one of the original
Thirteen States which formed the Union, and
could neither withdraw from it nor lie legislated
out of it, her Federal relations being only sus
pended during the rehellion, she must neces
sarily continue to he one of the United States,
:)iul as such, her relations to the Federal Gov
ernment and to her sister States is defined by
the Constitution of tlie United States, and this
relation cannot he changed, nor the terms of
ihe Constitution altered fn winy way except in
:)!>e of the inodes provided in that instrument
by (he Slates themselves.
3d. Are these Amendments constitutionally
proposed. Bv tlie Fifth Article of tlie Consti-
I ution of the United States, two modes are pre
scribed for proposing Amendments. One by
application of the Legislatures of two thirds of
the Slates to the Congress.
Tie other by a vote of two thirds of the Cou
jre . Jf proposed, they become Amendments
v inn ratified by I he Legislature of three-fourths
of the several States or by Conventions of
three-fourths of I lie States, ss the one or the
oi her mode of ratification niay be directed by
Congress.
Have these amendments been proposed by %
ol the Congress of the United States? Georgia
in conjunction with her sister States by the Ist
Are. Ist Article of the constitution declared ihat
’ 'll Legislative powers herein granted shall be
I .c it a oi a Congress fit the United States which
shall consist of a Senate and Mouse of Repre
sentatives.
The 3d See. prescribes the mode of re-electing
members of Congress and declares that Georgia
snail ha ve at least three members of the House
oi h'epi'c: entatlves and two Senators, and that
her reprcseptatiQn shall be increased from time
to time on a certain basis therein named, upeti
which basis of representative she is now entitl
ed lo seven members iu tlie representative
branch.
By the sth article it. is provided that she shall
never be deprived of her equal suffrage in the
Senate without her consent. Thus, by the eon
dilution ol the United States in virtue of which
instrument alone has any other State or Gov
ernment. any right to interfere with her exter
nal or internal political relations, the Senators
and Representatives of Georgia from an integral
part of the Congress of the United States ! The
same reasoning applies to the other ten Stales
whose practical relations to the Federal Gov
ernment were fora time interrupted, they were
like Georgia either original States by whom
the Government was created, or Slutqg since ad
mitted upon terms of equality under rules’ pre
sented by Hie original thirteen.
During the war Cqpgress coqld lie constitu
tionally convened without the representation
from lhe.se States because they were voluntarily
absent, and the States tailed to elect representa
tives. It wvis for this reason that the amend
picnls abolishing slavery were constitutionally
proposed, umj in ra! Hying them Georgia yielded
no political principle, a material sacrifice was
demanded ol her, and she laid It ris'ii peace
offering on tlie altar oi our common country.
Since tlie reorganization of the State govern
j ment Georgia i...s Jiy.led Senators and Repre-
I sentatives. So has every olhsr Sting. The?
have been arbitrarily refused admission to titeir
seals, not on the ground that tlie qualifications
of the iiK iiihers elected did not conform to tlie
4th par’g 3d see. Ist article ot the Constitution,
hut because their right of representation was
denied by a portion ot tlie States having equal
but not greater rights than themselves. They
tinvo in faet been forcibly excluded, and inas
much :... ~11 legislative power granted by the
States to the Congress is denned, and this pow
er of exclusion is not among the powers grant
ed expressly or by implication. The assembly,
at the capitol, of Representatives from a por
tion qf the States to the exclusion of I lie Re
presentatives of another portion, cannot tie a
constitutional Congress when the representa
tion of each State forms an integral part of the
whole.
This amendment is tendered to Georgia for
ratification under that power in the Constitu
tion which authorizes two-thirds of the Con
gress to propose amendments. We have en
deavored to establish that Georgia had a right
in the first place, as a part of the Congress, to
act upon the question, “ shall these amend
ments he proposed V” Every other excluded
State bait the same rigid. TJie first constitu
tional privilege lias been arbitrarily denied, and
therefore the second should be promptly de
clined.
Had these amendments been submitted to a
Constitutional Congress, they never would have
been proposed to the States. Two-thirds of the
whole Congress never would have proposed to
eleven States voluntarily to reduce their politi
cal power in the Union, and at the same time
disfranchise the larger portion of tlie intellect,
integrity and patriotism of eleven co-equal
Stales.
Had they been constitutionally proposed, even
then the Legislature of Georgia, acting for itself,
never would, as it never will, ratify an amend
ment by which tlie State will be shorn of polit
ic il power, and a portion of her best citizens
branded with dishonor.
If we have been successful in establishing our
premises, the conclusion necessarily follows
that Georgia can only act upon this question as
a Slate, one of tlie members of the United States
Government; that as sucli State those amend
ments are not. properly before her, not having
been proposed by a Constitutional Congress ;
and to act upon them when proposed in any
other way, would be to participate in setting
aside the Constitution and to establish as a
precedent that the mandates of the Constitution
are subordinate to the will of the Federal Legis
lature. The evil is directed at Georgia to-day—
to-morrow in some other shape, when a new
parly gets into power, it may be directed witli
equal force against States now free from its in
fluence.
In recommending that these Amendments be
rejected for the reasons stated, your Committee
arc animated by no captious spirit. If material
sacrifices were demanded to promote harmony,
Georgia would in the future, as in the past,
stand ready to make tlie ottering, but, iu the
opinion ot your Committee, the State should
not yield her Constitutional rights, even though
her citizens may, thereby, have to endure fur
ther privations.
Individual wrongs will pass away with time,
but the overthrow of the Constitution is an en
during evil. If need lie, iet us wait and suffer,
but iet history teach tlie lesson that, under the
Constitution, the States of this Uuion are co
equals, and that any war made to perpetuate
the Union, in its utmost success, can only
maintain the States in their original relations
to each other.
We recommend the adoption of the following
resolution :
ltesolv"d, That the Legislature of Georgia de
clines to ratify the proposed Amendment add
ing a FonrtecuMi Article to the Constitution of
the United States.
P>. A. Thornton, Ch’nTn Senate Com.
J. J. Gresham,
(). L. Smith,
James Dickey,
R. M. Paris,
R. A. Rowley, CliYu’n pro tem. House Com.
U. J. Moses,
John Dodds,
Wh. A McDoogald,
James A. McWhorter,
Lewis P. Dozier,
Hiram L. French,
Thus. B. Cabanniss,
Jesse A. Glenn,
W. 11. Mai.loe,
Thus. W. J. II ill.
JlisnouiiAQiNG Emigration.- The Poland
<rs who arrived in this county for the purpose
of set! ling, arc now located on the Decker
farm, were met by busy-bodies in town, who
bad no business of (heir own to attend to, and
very disiutcrcsldl y informed them t,bat the lands
upon which they were to locate were the poor
est in Virginia, that they eoukl not make a liv
ing upon them, and all that sort of thing.
The Polanders wended their way to their new
hollies under very discouraging circumstances,
but we are glad to learn from Gen. Tochman,
that, after a personal examination, they ex
pressed themselves not only as satisfied, but
pleased. *
The land upon which the colony has settled
is not rich land, but when it is borne in mind
that it was sold for $5 ail acre, none of the mo
ney in Jfcind, and a credit running to the end of
six years, it caunot be viewed as a very hard
bargain. As far as outside remark is concern
ed, it would be well to remember that uo farm
was ever sold in this county that gave entire
satisfaction to everybody—particularly those
who had no interest whatever in the sale ;
neither hits there ever been an Improvement
projected that did not call forth dolorous
plaints from the same crew, who never do any
thing themselves, and are equalfv.uujdMJe-g
that other pequie shO* l ' , Jo fn*
Our Paris and Continental Correspondence.
Paris, October 23,1866.
To tkc Editor of the Constitutionalist:
SAVE VIE FROM MV FRIENDS.
IB All the rumors of changes projected by
tlic Emperor Napolcou in tbc composition of
liis cabinet, rtunors which owe their origin only
to that scarcity of more serious news which
continues to prevail in French politics, are be
ginning to disappear. There is no longer any
talk of the retirement of the Minister of Fi
nance, M. Fould, nor of the substitution of
General Floury for Marshal ltandon, as Minister
of War; the assertion of the alleged inclination
of France to consent to a joint intervention of
the Catholic Powers at Rome, has also become
weaker, as usual it is of clerical origin, and
was founded on a combination, much favored
at the Court of Bpain. Queen Isabella has
reckoned on a private interview with the Em
peror of the French at Biarritz. That the Ei*-
peror may have shown that if Italy did not re
spect her engagement he might consent to such
an intervention, is just possible—but as that
hypothesis is not, in a general sense, inadmiss
ible, and as, in any case, such a doubt could not
find expression in an official document without
gratuitously wounding the honor or the cabi
net ot Florence, there is no occasion to examine
all the commentaries to which an intervention
of this kind may have given rise. As we have
often repeated, the temporal power will fall at
Rome, without Italy or the Garibaldini invading
the Eternal City, and the prudence of the Ro
mans will not leave either to Austria or Spain
the opportunity of playing any part in the final
seene of the political drama, which may be
called the hist agony of the temporal power.
AN ARRANGEMENT BETWEEN PIUS AND VICTOR
EMM ANL'AIj.
It is now more than likely that the non pos
sumus will bo shelved, that his Holiness, who
it appears, liasfmadc up his miud to remain in
Rome at all hazards, will coinc to some ar
rangement w ith the King of Italy.
This is Hie only issue possible; Roman
Catholicism has too many adherents'to lead me
to believe that the head of the Church will be
allowed to vyauder from place to place, and die
away by degrees. The Ultramontancs, who
are incorrigible, are now making a great fuss,
aud several of our French bishops at the head
I of that class, are sending forth pastorals, con
! demning with but little Christian charity what
i they call the wickedness of modern ideas.
A CRITICAL HELTER-SKELTER.
Letters from the Tyrol tell us that there is a
Regular panic among the clericals of every kind
in Italy, and that the number ol monks and
nuns, who, quitting the anti-monastic Italy,
are arriving in Austriau territory, to take
! shadow under the Concordat, is so numerous
that the convents of that country are literally
overflowing, aud to make matters worse, these
remnants of the religious societies of Italy,
blown tbither by the storm of the revolution,
ybipk of settling in that country. At Trent
aud its neighborhood, six .large houses are
marked as destined to receive the members of
various Italian orders. At Brixen the Jesuits
from Padua have brought an extensive proper
ty, where they intend to found a college, and
an institution for their pupils.
Lastly, a Frenchman, Count de Breda, Grand
Inspector of the Jesuits, has purchased for a
sum of 140,000, at Dornberiu, in the Vorceil
berg, a property which he has placed at the
disposition of the Italian sons of Loyola.
VENETIA ITSELF AGAIN.
Venetia was handed over to the Royal Italian
commission on the lUth mat., with the ceremo
nial agreed upon. Everything took place with
perfect order. The display of the national flag
was greeted with marks of great enthusiasm.—
The official gf.sej,te published a royal decree
nominating as Senators the Marquis l'arolmi,
Government Commissioner at Venice, tbc Duke
Vcrdura in a similar post Verona, and the de
puty Qulcciai'di in an auaiagons position at
Mantua.
RETURN OF THE EMI-EROR TO PARIS.
The Eruperor has returned to Paris, aud ap
pears to have derived immense benefit from ids
sojourn at Biarrialz.
liis Majesty on bis way home, visited several
of the towns which had most suffered from the
late inundations. 1 regret that the subscrip
tions lor the victims ot tpe floods have not, as
yet, reached a very high sum.
DEATH OF MONSIEUR 'IIIOUNgI..
it is our said duty to have to record the de
mise ot M. Thouncl, grand referendaire of
the Senate, he expired after a long and tedious
malady. M. Thouncl died in the prime of
|ife, lie had hardly reached liis forty-eighth year.
If his political career was not a long one, if
may be said to have been one full of honor and
activity. Sent to Brussels in 1844 as a simple
attache, in 1860 we find him tilling the exalted
Junctions of Minister of Foreign Affairs.
M. Thouncl succeeded M. Walewski, and
was replaced by M. Drottyu de L’Huys, wlio
lately retired to make way tor M. de Mousticr,
who now occupies the post ofMiniater of For
eigu Affairs.
The late Grand Referendaire , before entering
the diplofnalie career, iiiade himself known by
a very remarkable work on Hungary and Wat
lacliia. The dlspatchtswere highly appreciated
in the different embassies as they were con
spicuous lor their hriiiiaul style, and for the cor
rectness of their deductions.
GERMANY.
The treaty between Saxony and Prussia bus
: at last been signed. The military question is
provisionally regulated. Tbc Saxon army will
be reduced. Dresden and Ksenigstein are to
receive Prussian garrisons, and tbe oilier strong
places mixed ones
Letters from Leipsig inform us that a meet
ing was lately held in that city of four hudred
persons belonging to the national party, they
there resolved to adhere to the vote of the mu
nicipal council, and instructed their committee,
in case the conclusion of pence be still delayed,
to request from the Prussian Government that
tbe Chambers should be called together to sus
tain the interests of the population as against
the resistance of the Government.
MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCESS DAOMAR AT ST.
PETERSBURG.
Our correspondent from the Russian Capital
writes us that the celebration of the marriage of
the Grand Duke, heir to the throne, and the
Princess Dagmar, (who was, it is known, be
trothed to his late brother,) sister to the Prin
cess of Wales, and George, King of the Hel
lenes, has been postponed for some days, and
is now fixed for the 7th November.
THE EMPRESS OF MEXICO AT MIRAMAR.
The daughter of the late King of the Belgiaus,
I has now arrived at Miramar, accompanied bj'
j her brother, the Count DeFlandrc. Accounts
j of the state of her Ma jesty’s health are a little
| more satisfactory. As soon as the thing is
j manageable, it is the iutention of the medical
| men of the Empress to convey her to iSacken,
j near Brussels, in the hope that scenes faailiur
to her may have a beneficial effect on her.
THE INSURRECTION IN CANDIA.
The Government of the Sultan still finds
much difficulty in suppressing the Christian
rising iu Candia. Advices from Constantinople
State that the insurgents of Candia have assas
sinated Hussin Bey, who had been eent there
by Kiritzi Pacha with a flag of truce.
THE GOVERNMENT OF FRANCE AND THE PENNY
PRESS.
The Government leaves the unstamped pa
pers no peace. It lately prosecuted the editor
of the Evenemcnt for having touched on politi
cal matters. M. Villemessant and Dubuisson
have botli put in an appeal against condemna
tion to fine and imprisonment as proprietor and
printer of the Evenement.
Nburo Superstition.— We learn from a
correspondent of the Houston Telegraph, that
the J exas Conference uiet at Galveston on Oct.
~4tb, Bishop Marvin presiding. We extract the
following suggestive paragraphs from the pro
ceedings :
Emanuel Ham mitt, a negro preacher from
Millieau, was elected to Dencon’s orders. It
was staled that lie could read the Bible well
was a good preacher, and “Southern” in his
feelings. The Bishop wished to know if he
held any of the superstitions common among
the blacks, and was informed that he did not.
The Bishop then stated that in travelling lately
through Harrison county, on Red River, he had
found a religious organization ol the negroes,
calling themselves “The Angel Band." They
were under the direction of au old negro wo
mau whom they called the “God Mother,” and
who, they believed, knew'all their thoughts and
actions whether they were present or absent.
She prescribed punishment at pleasure which
was received without opposition by the crim
inal.
it was expected that each person should re
ceive a revelation from Heaven and relate it to
the sooiefy. One boy, about fourteen years of
age, received no divine light and was ordered
to be flogged until the vision came. This was
done and a wonderful story was related. The
Bishop asked the boy how it was that the
t' i, LLsuch tv »*v*.| h,h lji .. -"Hi :
[COMMUNICATED. [
Columbia and Augusta Railroad.
It is well known to the intelligent public,
that in the year 1860, amended charters were
granted by the Legislature of Georgia and
South Carolina to the Columbia and Hamburg
Railroad Company, changing its name aud
style to the Columbia and Augusta Railroad
Company. The charter granted by the Legisla
tuic of the State of South Caroliua was accept
ed by the Directors shortly after its passage, at
a meeting in Columbia. At the last annual
meeting of the Stockholders in this city, on the
sth of October, 18(55, the following action was
taken upon this subject by the adoption of the
following resolution, offered by Col. B. 11. Hill:
Resolved , That the action of the Directors ol
the Columbia and Hamburg Railroad Company,
!” aC^l,^th^ Cha , nei - P ilssctl by tlm Lcgisla
-8 u Carol , h,a > bt 18(54, be ratified by
us Convention, and that the charter passed by
elinid? 118 ltlKe 0l Geor^ia bc respectfully dc
lbis resolution was unanimously adopted by
a Convention of Stockholders in this city, and
the acceptance of the Charter, passed by the
Stale of Georgia, declined, because it contained
a clause in it making the Stockholders indivi
dually liable.
It is, therefore, with some surprise that I sec
Ibis objectionable feature ill the rej cled Geor
gia Charter copied in tlie Mayor’s Proclamation,
submitting the question of “Subscription” or
Mo Subscription,” for one hundred thousand
dollars, to the voters of the City of Augusta, as
■R portion of the Charter ol the Columbia and
Augusta Railroad Company.
This Company lias never accepted any char
ier win, the clause, or such an one as quoted
» liis Honor, the Mayor, in liis proclamation.
tS ' barter, granted by tbc State of South Caro-
! I,W - COl >tains no individual liability clause, aud
■t is expected that the State of Georgia will
htant ours in a few days. His Honor, the
Mayor, lias doubtless been mistaken in quoting
•bis extract as a part of the charter of this Com
pany, and it is due to himself and the public, as
well as the Stockholders, that these facts lie
made known.
Wm. Johnston, President.
Maimed Soldiers. —We arc gratified to see
in our Milledgevillc correspondence that our
State Legislature is about making provision for
the education of maimed soldiers. Read the
proceedings.
Mechanics.—A recommendation lias been
made to the Legislature to discontinue the pre
sent practice of teaching convicts mechanical
trades. A good suggestion. There is as much
reason in making lawyers, doctors and preach
ers of convicts, as there is iu attempting to
make them skilled mechanics. It is the hatred
of work that made most of them law-breakers.
The Georgia Academy for the Blind.—
This Institution is located iu Macon and is in a
very prosperous condition. It numbers thirty
five pupils, aud lias been conducted the past
year at a cost of a little over $13,000 dollars,
which includes nearly lour thousand dollars for
improvements. The department of handicrafts
just organized, has turned out about SBOO in
value within two or three mouths. The acade
my is managed with great economy and effi
ciency, and is specially lortunale in the super
vision of that intelligent, upright and geuiai
man, Prof. W. D. Williams, its principal.
John Mitchel.—The friends ol Mr. John
Mitchel, in tjris country, will bc glad to learn
that he arrived in Me tv York on Tuesday, evi
dently improved iu health and spirits b.V lo«
transatlantic sojourn.
Georgia Enterprise.— The Macon Tele
graph learns that the t'utlibert Manufacturing
Company, organized in March or April last,
went promptly to work, and its officers expect
to wear a complete suit of cloth made by their
machinery on New Year’s Day. This is doing
up matters with dispatch.
Information Wanted.-Samuel Johnson,
about 5 feet 11 inches high, slender built, dark
complexion, about 30 years old, a member ol
Co. G, first Georgia regulars, was last seen on
the train at Florence, S. C., for Sumter O. 11.,
soon after the surrender. He was at that lime
in very ieebie health, suffering with rheumatism
and diarrhiea. It is supposed that lie died on
(lie load from Sumter C. It. to Washington.—
Any information of Rim would be gratefully
i e«elved by liis wife, Mrs. Harriet E. Johnson,
Covington, Ga.
The press generally wilt confer a favor on a
distressed family by copying the above notice.
During tiie past fiscal year, ending June 80
four millions of dead letters were returned un
called for. This is an average of over 12,000 a’
day. Those that were signed were relumed to
the writers, according to the requirements ol
the law ; the unsigned ones were sent to the
paper mill.
Painful Accitent.—The Eufaula News says
that Capt. 11. P. Pratt, formerly Adjutant Gen
eral on the Staff of Gen. Kirby Smith,’fell from
the verandah ot a hotel in that town, and was
killed. .
Major A. M. Haskell, late chief of staff' ol
General Earl Van Dorn, ami tlie well known
army correspondent, “Comanche,” of the Hous
ton Journal , died on tlie 9th of last mouiip
it is announced in the Boston journals that a
pew in a church in that city was sold recently
for $5,400. It is quite evident that the poor do
not worship in that church, nor are most peo
ple of ordinary means able to buy the right of
admission to its pews.
A Model Family. —An Armeuican journal
publishes the following curious fact. An
Armenian woman of the village of Cowrdbc
hlind was married at thirty years of age. She
had seven children and sixty-two grand chil
dren, twenty-one of whom married and had
twelve children, and one of the latter was also
married last year, and has just had a child, so
that the old lady, wiio is in her hundredth year,
has just seen the grand child of her grand
child, and, what is still more remarkable is,
that all (lie members of this prolific family
dwell in the same house.
The French newspaper, “ La Patrie" has just
been sold for 1,500,000 francs (£60,000) to a
company of capitalists. ’This paper was the
almost exclusive property of M. Delamarre,
who bought it after the revolution of 1848, for
a very small sum, apd to whose talent, energy
and perseverance it owes its present high posi
tion.
We read in “ El Principado, that Madlle Tinnc
Captain ot the Dutch Yacht “ Neeny” has lately
visited the Port ot Mahon, which she left on
theOthinst. Tliis lady, adds a Mahon news
paper; is about 26 years of age, and is very
clever. She speaks French, English and Arabic
fluently.
During the stay of the Empress at Biarritz,
she received a visit from Cucharez, the famous
torreador, or Bull-fighter of Madrid, who came
to ask for permission to organise a scries of
bull fights at Paris during the exhibition of 1807,
which it is almost needless to state, was at once
refused.
Part of the forest of Vizzaooua, one of the
finest in Corsica, and composed principally of
pine trees, was lately burning for 8 days. It
was one immense ocean of fire, which consum
ed wood to the nmonnt of several millions of
francs.
'file New Orleans Picayune says that Carnie,
the French billiard player, after nearly two years
residence in this country, has learned two words
of the English language. They we “ scratch ”
and “cocktail.”
It appears from a statistical report lately pub
lished by the Journal On Haras, that the total
number of horses in the Prussian Empire is
about nineteen millions and a half, that is about.
260 horses for every thousand persons. Doubt
less, however this report is not the same as re
gards every part of Prussia, as in the province
of Orenburg there are 660 horses for every
thousand persons, whilst on the eoutrary there
are only 158 iu the province of Archangel, and
104 in that of Podolia.
The banker, Prince Torlonia, gave the Bo
logna Cathedral an altar valued at $200,000.
This is the same banker who presented a tine
bell to the Catholic Cathedral at Natchez, Miss.,
some years ago.
Trinity church, New York, was one hundred
years old Monday. The cputeninal anniversary
was duly honored, the Rev. Dr. Higbee repea t
l|i.e se by Dr. Auchmntz at
" Tlie Swindling Congress.”
Wendell Phillips delivered a lecture at Music
Hall before a crowded audience. Ills subject
was “ The Swindling Congress.”
Alter congratulating the audience upon the
result, of the day’s election, and particularly
upon tlie election of two colored men to the
State Legislature in Boston and Charlestown,
he stated that his subject to-nigbt was “ the
swindling Thirty-ninth Congress of the United
States, that passed tlie last winter in session
and meets again on the 4th of December.” He
intended to describe it, not because lie counted
it in as one of tlie combatants in tlie fight at
present going on. He did not. He thought
that in this quarrel, as iu most others, there
were but two parties. There were hardly any
great national quarrels that ever admitted more.
Neutrals always faded out of sight, and Con
gress is a neutral. On one side of the present
battle stands tiie South, endeavoring to regain
her old position iu the Union, her banner
borne by the President. On the oilier side,
marshaled against her, are the people strug
gling through every channel and by every
method to s«y no to the policy of the Executive,
and there are no oilier parties to tlie quarrel.
I lie Republican party is only one of tlie outlets
jn the popular protest. Down deep in its popu
lar heart the nation understands what it wants,
•ind is determined to have it. In opposition lo
that is tlie effort of the President to restore, ns
lar as possible, tlie Southern States to the spot
where they stood in 18(50, and the millions have
gotten their hands on tlie neck of the Southern
aristocracy, determined to strangle it beyond
recovery. '
There are two parties to tlie quarrel, and
Congress has committed suicide, laded out
like ether in attempting to find a neutral spot
to stand on. There is no man great enough to
day to differ one hair’s breadth and survive.—
\\ 1 1 ness Grant. Real attitude ot* America to
day is tlie attempt of the people to carry out
its great purpose, and the only thing that op
poses it is (lie Executive, representing this ef
lort of the South to regain her position. Con
gress undertook, in its last long session, to find
a neutral spot that was neither up to the level
of popular idea, and not low enough to eo nc
under Executive approbation ; and to examine
their position to-day, is only valuable as one ol
the. mile stones on the way we have just gone
by. If they don’t resume the sceptre; if tiiey
don’t take hold of the helm of Stateat, tlie next
session, then by some other means, through
Congress or over it, tlie masses will accomplish
•heir object. 1 say tliis because I look liprtn
the amendment which now constitutes Hie poli
cy of Congress as not only a swindle, but as an
exhibition of a purpose to remain neutral un
til after the election, until Pennsylvania and
New York had spoken in this great struggle
betwixt the South, that knows what she wants,
and the people, that know equally what tliev
waut.
Tlie South is determined that tlie negro shall
never be reckoned among the political elements.
She believes more thoroughly than we do in her
own system. It is no sham, no hypocrisy.
She understands that it is.nccessary, aud thorou
ghly believes that llie Government belongs to
the white race,and to a select party eveti among
that race, ami tlie negro, even ii he be a man,
is not entitled to be reckoned among Hie politi
cal elements, it is an oligarchy,aud recognizes
no other safe form of government. Tlie South
aims at the Northern idea and Congress aims
it nothing. This is what I call a swindling
Congress-a swindle resulting, I Hunk, front a
dread ol the people, from aii mri | u e dread ol
their own party, from an unwillingness to lie
representatives,and attempting to be only dele
gates, 11, as Senator Wilson said at Natick
last night, that tt was not sale lor a loyal black
man to go about Arkansas, and, from lack ol
United States authority, 2,500 negroes have
been ruthlessly murdered in Texas ; whose
fault is it? His. Whose fault is it ? Con
gress’s. Why are they not in session ? Why
did they adjourn if -the flag did not protect
white men in New Orleans ? Why did not
they stay in Washington and make it? If
Gen. Grant did not perform his duty why
didn’t they summon him before a committee to
make answer ? Why ? And if the fault lay in
the White House, why did not they impeach it,
or if, as you say, they cannot impeach, stop the
supplies. lam for a Government that Is not
boys’ play. Which is put boys’ play it is a
majority issuing an order, and detea— • ,
be obeyed. ...nmd to
f'o" IK 1 i'v,,j ( . x\y Orleans sale, and surely
'-ogress could make the South so. One sol
dier, left to himself without troops enough to
man liis fort, obliged to a'ppeal to Africa for aid,
made the tirst and worst city of the South sale
ground for Northerners to trade and to live in.
If the white men of the South are hostile to the
North, then the Governmentmust hold that
territory by tlie iron anu of a military despot
ism for some, years to come. Exactly as Butler
governed New Orleans is the Soutii to lie gov
erned during the next live years. There never
lias been a friend lo the South in tlie Northern
Stales except the Abolitionists. The Democrats
deluded her to bloodshed. Tlie Whigs cheated
tier. The Abolitionists stood upon her borders,
and said: “It is in vain lo light against the
thick bosses of tlie Almighty buckler.. You are
endeavoring to suslain a system which is against
Hie laws Os God and (lie nineteonlli century.
Carry it out and you will make bankrupt,.yoiir
cause. But tlie South closed her ears, an,| ped
op to destruction. The same party now stands
up nod says: “Come into line with tlie nine
teenth century, tread under loot the chaff you
call logic, foinsd your institutions upon the laws
i«<l economy of God’s Kingtoiu whereas
Democracy cries out: “Come as you were.”
The civil war undertook, spite of both sec
tions, to make tlie Union of history. In that
great struggle the ugly unequivocal allies of
the North was Iho negro race, and, the war
ended, we said we would protect tlie black
race. Protect, him ? from whom ? Were they
to protect our black allies in South Carolina ?
from whom? In the month of Mav, Wade
Hampton, winning oil his knees, and with a
halter on his neck, begged that lie might he
banged. Protect the black man from him.—
What harm could he do ? What black man
fears him? Not one. We raised Wade Hamp
ton, we unloosed him, we took tlie halter from
his neck' organized him a South Carolina gen
tleman, and, as a political element, we gave
him his estate, we gave him back liis influence,
and then we set him to work to protect the
black man from the power he created. Protect
him ! My plau is to go down to the South and
give tlm loyal black men and white all the pow
er, fetter the rebel and then protect YVadc
Hampton from him. Give the loyal black men
of South Carolina tlie right ft which they ought
to have politically- land, capital, aud every
that belongs to the loyal, and then pass a civil
rights bill to protect Wade Hampton from
Robert Small.
The Freed men’s Bureau hill should be for the
purpose of protecting the rebels from tlie op
pression of the black man. The negro don’t
want any civil rights bjll to protect him. lie
wants the territory of Soutii Carolina which
belongs to him ; hut under Johnson we com
menced at Hie other end. We scuta Governor,
Mr. Holden, to Carolina, and made him a ty
rant, and then got down on onr knees to beg
him to save the black man from harm. Tlie
problem of the negro is one on which the
tinancial condition ot Hie country depends. If
these busy millions er,n he kept busy, if North
ern capital, instead of lying idle, can be used
freely in the South, then only can the financial
crisis, the tear of which is agitating State and
Milk streets, be averted. Anri how'can that be
done? There are five millions of blacks iu the
South that have never bought two dollars
apeiee before. It would be easy on my system
of reconstructing to make a demand of one
hundred millions worth of manufactured arti
cles iu a year.
Mr. Ptiiliips concluded by praying God that
the President would continue to make mistakes
and that he might strike the Soutii with mad
ness in order that Hie North might comprehend
her position. Pray lor anything that may save
our cradles from fighting this battle over again.
Send a man to tlie next Congress prepared to
recognize that tiie majority rqle, that will not
vote as Jefferson Davis lets them vote, that will
not vot vote to the South whatever it wants it
to, and that will let the President assume pow
er, monopolize the Government and run the
machine,
[From the Southern Christian Advocate.
Sacrifices in War and in Peace.
Could the Southern Christians ever be
brought to make the s uoe sacrifices and per
form equal labors for the cause of God, that
they did four years tor that of independence,
what a marvellous change a very few years
would make in the religious aspect, of society.
The world, then, put the church to shame by
its open-handed,, large-hearted liberality, anil
the citizen and the soldier distanced the Chris
tian and the Christian minister in self-denying,
self-sacrificing labors, and in the endurance ot
of harps hips of the severest character. Women
and girls and boys caught the spirit of the oc
casion and wrought and toiled with an energy
and self-forgetfulness, that it would he refresh
ing to see exhibited in the work of Christianity.
But the labor was all lor naught. The prize
was not. reached, and nothing remains luit the
lessons of patient endurance that may have
been learned, and the discovery of the prodig
ious capabilities for useful work that lies latent
among us—only waiting till we are roused to
apply it in the proper direction.
We remind our readers of these years of toil
and suffering to see if we cannot enlist a like
zeal and self-sacrificing energy in a much great
er work,that offers itself to them, than oven that
of achieving political independence-the purpose
which nerved them for four years to perform
the mightiest labors. This purpose might
fail—has failed. But a work is before them iu
wliich if similar efforts be used there can be no
failure—but rather a triumph that will repay
them for all their toil. We exhort them to look
back to these past few years, and ask if God’s
work is not worth the labor and sacrifices that
they were then familiar with, and which they
performed and bore so heroically—so cheerful
ly. If they find it so, let them not draw back
from the service, and they will be rewarded
with such victories over the powers of dark
ness, as will make the church indeed the light
of the world.
Flax as a Substitute for Cotton—Fail
ure.—By an act of the last Congress u commis
sion was created, charged with an inquiry into
the" properties aud processes concerned iu life
interesting question of a substitute for cotton.
$20,000 were appropriated for the expense of
the investigation. It appears that $10,500 of
that sum have been returned to the Treasnry
unexpended. The commission reached at a
cost of $0,500 to Government, the conclusion
which could have been imparted by most sensi
ble men without charge, that flax fibre could
never he made a substitute for pottou.
i | m ——
The London Times give 6 the credit of the
original idea of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable to i
Mr. Wheatstone, uudln an article of a columu
mention Cyrus Field’s name.— '
Gen. Beauregard—'A Slander Befitted.
Office N. 0., J. ft G. N. R. R. Co., )
New Orleans, Nov. 1. )
Dr. I Km. M. Burtcell :
Dear Sir ; 1 beg to thank you for your note
of July last (addressed to the President and
Board ol Directors of this road) just submitted
to me, and inclosing the following piece of gra
tuitous slander, published in the Pittsburg
Commercial, of July 21, 18615, during my ab
sence from the United Suites :
I ‘Beauregard's Small S/ntc as a Railroad Of
ficial. —The Memphis Post gives the following
facts: ‘This company, owning the road oi
which Gen. Beauregard is Chief Engineer and
Superintendent, made a contract with Messrs.
Mann ft Mann, a Northern lirm, to furnish
timber to rebuild the bridge across the Big
Black. They purchased standing timber, erected
saw mills, and prepared over 100,000 feet of
lumber. When they wished to transport it,
Beauregard utterly refused to allow them to
move it over his road on any terms, whatever,
faying, ‘lie would carry nothing for d—d Yan
kees, if he knew it.’ The result was that these
gentlemen were forced to sell out at ruinous
rates and abandon their coiftraet.’ We hope
this is not true, but if so, it is not creditable to
tiie sagacity or liberality ol Beauregard."
'1 lie above is false in every particular. This
company, of which 1 was then Chief Engineer
and General Superintendent, has nothing wluit
ever to do with the bridge across the Big Black,
which JS on the “Southern Road” from Vicks
v I '\r'“ lal \, l know nothingof “Messrs.
Mann ft Mann, a Northern Finn,’’ and 1 deny
KSJffiS' 1 **"“w"
tt-V 3S3S* TcTi < SSS
fens cm iTc 10 beilt,bl "'icd again, except in de-
Goveriiment. ,ntly ! *" U ~f i,fi Constitutional
I remain, yours very truly,
. , (i - T. Beauregard,
t , 'csideut of the N. O. J. &G.N.U. R.
lo Mr. Win. M. Burwell, office of the New
Orleans Commercial Bulletin.
( k’rom tlio Columbus Hun.
Cotton Gins.
Messrs. Editors : In one of your late issues,
you copy a. notice of a gin—which notice says
tliata gin has been invented by one-Emory, of
Albany, New York—-and proceed to note what
it says are its merits. The writer has seen and
examined the gins alluded 10, and, claiming to
know what are merits and demerits in a «in—
having ginned many a bale of cotton—and
claiming some mechanical skill and knowledge,
‘A . s to K' vu jniblicity to his criticisms of
tins Yankee gin, and at thti same time tell
something of our home-made gins in compari
son with the Yankee invention. It is due to
the manufacturers of gins made at homo and to
mechanics employed in making them, that they
should have a show ing as well as the man at
Albany, New York. The writer will here state
that he is in no way interested in gin making
nor in any way connected with any one who is,
ami is only prompted in these comments to
have homo-enterprise sncccod where it justly
should, on the score of superiority and cheap
ness. 1 lie article alluded to says’:
Ist. That the Yankee gin is portable. To
winch 1 reply it is heavier than the homo made
gin, its sides being ot east-iron, and, though
portable, is not as portable as the home made
gui.
•Id. 1 hat it is provided with a condenser,
that is true; but that is no advantage, but a
decided disadvantage—as the cotton, by means
ol a powerlul draught of air, is thrown against
tbe condenser, and the same draught carries the
moles and trash with the, cotton, and thus in
jui es its quality—while the home made gin
drops the motes and much of the trash under
the gin and separate from the cotton.
•id. That it can be worked as well in open
air as in a house. So could any gin ; but any
body knows it is an unfit place to gin cotton in
the open air. '
from' .bc a L a Jr*A pCr c , cnt ” 01 obtained
i... , 1 ■* , J• A,| y o’-'ntcr knows that the
y .. I ,' 1 ' gets all the lint, bow can the
x ..we gin get more y
bill. That, the fibre is wonderfully preserved.
Flow can that be ? The Yankee gin is a Ban
gui, the saws run through a breast exactly in
the same manner and speed of the home-made
gin—the process is precisely the same and the
fibre are in both preserved alike.
titli. The value of the staple is enhanced three
to live cents per pound. The writer affirms
that it is not enhanced at all, but positively
damaged by the use of (lie condenser as before
noted bv its collecting the motes and trash.
Tliis Yankee gin is a pretty machine, has a
great deal of machinery about it of very douht
tul use and easily gotten out of repair and very
difficult to have repaired at all. The home
made gin is also a pretty machine—is simple in
its construction, not easily gotten out ol repair,
and easily repaired, and does its work well, and
from its simplicity of construction easily man
aged on plantations.
'1 In- Yankee fit) saw gin with condenser is
priced at $52/5. The home-made giu of same
size at S2OO.
The writer affirms that the home-made gin is
not only the cheapest and easiest managed and
kept in order, Imt that it will do its work better,
cleaning the cotton better, and produce a better
sample in quality, value and appearance than
tiie. Yankee giu, nud best suited toi.be Want* id
tiie planter. Justice.
“ Botion"-al.
“Southern housewives are Introducing North
ern 1 notions’ such as washing machines, cook
ing stoves, sewing machines, &c., to take the
place of servants." — Ex.
Exactly! And Southern husbandmen are
following the housewives (we like those good
old Saxon words), and introducing other “ no
tions,” such as cultivators and corn shellcrs,
seed droppers and sowing machines, patent
harrows and portable cotton gins, mowers and
reapers and rotary spaders; and tbe economi
cal and convenient “ horse power,” not so
“handy in tin* house” perhaps, but very handy
to have in the neighborhood, to thrash anil gin
and saw lire wood.
The North avails itself of the Southern “ no
tion” of cotton, and “ vici/ vursy" is a good
rule in the ease , lot the South avail itself of
Northern ingenuity, and speed on the prosper
ous future opening before it by securing every
expedient for economizing labor. It is well
enough to encourage, as the Hon. John For
syth urges, “ men of labor and skill to settle”
at the South, but tbe South need not wait for
them. U has intelligence and skill enough to
introiftice largely, and apply effectively, all
Northern labor-saving contrivances, and we
are glad to see the-inerensing disposition to do
so. Where there may boa deficiency in practi
cal knowledge, there are books that offer valu
able aid and instruction. There is no intrinsic
reason why a Northern farmer should tv a
whit more intelligent, skillful or successful
in his vocation than a Southern planter.—
“ VYherp there's a will there’s away,” and
Southern agriculturalists should weigh thought
fully this question oi material appliances for
advancing their interests.
In ’Ol one of (lie correspondents and custom
ers of Carrington ft Co.’s Purchasing Agency,
begam farming on twenty acres, with half an
acre in eovn, to ’tend which he bought a sulky
ridiug-cultivator. It “ rode so nicely, and the
corn grew so finely,” that the next year ho
bought another cultivator, six hundred acres
more, apd spent between four and five thous
and dollars in farm machinery, “by which,” lie
writes us, “ my five hands do the work of twen
ty," I think, and I am succeeding better than
my wise neighbors who have farmed all their
Hives.” “ They had a great deal to say abont ‘a
fool and his money,’ but I hoar uotliing of that
lately.”
“ The past summer,” he adds, speaking of
another labor-saver, “ sitting"on mv spring-seat
rotary-spader under an umbrella', 1 broke up
six acres, eight inches deep, -while my neigh
bors usually made but two acres, four inches
deep.”
In his ease his neighbors seem to have done
the hard work, while “tultt alter honores ,”
which may be freely translated, “the man that
‘had the tools’ took the honors.
Jf Southern housewives and husbandmen,
When they come North, will favor us with a
call, we shall be happy to show them such prac
tical, every-day museums as Windle St Co.’s,
Wheeler A Wilson’s lor the former’s, and
Reeves’ for the latter’s delectation. And they
may be sure that such, repositories of house
hold appliances and agricultural implements
arc museums well worth visiting.
Meanwhile, orders for specimens from either,
or for anything else from anywhere else, will
be carefully tilled on due application to Car
rington & Co.’s Purchasing Agency, 30 Broad
way, New York.
Lincoln’s Last.— We have heard an anec
dote of the late President Lincoln, which, un
like some or the stories attributed to him, is,
we believe, an actual fact. During Mr. Lin
coln’s practice of his profession of the law,
long before he was thought of for President, he
was attending the Circuit Court which met at
Bloomington, Illinois. The prosecuting attor
ney, a lawyer by the name of Lainon, s T as a
man of great physical strength, and took par
ticular pleasure in athletic sports, and was so
fond ol wrestling that his power and experi
ence rendered him a formidable, and generally
successful opponeut. Clue pleasant day in the
fall, Lnmon was wrestling near the Court
House with some one who had challenged him
to a trial, and in the struggle made a large rent
in the rear ot his unmentionables. Before he
had time to make any change, he was called iuto
court to take up a ease.
The evideuce was finished, and Lnuion got
up to addres the jury, aud having on a some
what short coat, his misfortune was rather ap
parent. One of the lawyers, for a joke, started
a sutscription paper, which passed from one
member of the bar to another, as they sat by a
long table fronting the bench, to buy. a pair ol
pantaloons lor Lamou, “he being,” the paper
said, “ a poor, but worthy young man,” Some
put down their names with some ludicrous
subscription, and tinallyThc paper was laid in
front ol Mr. Lincoln. He quickly glanced over
it, Immediately took up his pen and wrote after
his name, “ I cau contribute nothing to the end
in view."
The Augusta Market.
Office of the Daily Constitutionalist, >
Augusta, Ga., November 12—P. M. \
The gold market is dull aud declining
Brokers buy at 140 and sell at 148, silver buying
at 140 aud selling at 144. •
COTTON.—The market is quite flat. We
note sales of 140 bales—ls at 83, 26 at 33j< and
105 at 34 cents—the receipts arc 508 bales,—
There are so few sales we find it difficult to
quote—say for strict to good middling 34 cents.
BY TELEGRAPH.
ASSOCIATED PRESS DISPATCHES.
fBY CABLE.]
London, November 10.
At a recent banquet Lord Derby, tbe English
Premier, made a friendly allusion to America,
in which lie hoped that any question betwce-i
the two governments of the United States and
Groat Britain might be approached in a fore
bearing and conciliatory spirit, which might re
move all bitterness and cciueut the fricusbip of
the nations.
1 he great reform meeting is appointed to take
place on the !ird December next.
St. Petersburg, November 10.
1 lie C/.arewilch and the Princess Doginar
were married yesterday, with great festivities
and rejoicing throughout flu- city.
I lie ('/,ur commuted tin- sentences ol a large
number of prisoners and remitted arrears of
taxes.
Paris, November 10.
Forty-two arrests have been made of mem
hers ol secret political societies in Paris.
Liverpool, November 10—evening.
Provisions declining ; cotton, H%d. for mid
dling upland ; sales to-day, 10,000 bales.
London, November 10— evening.
Consols, B!»i.£.
London, November 12.
The Turkish Govcretneiil lias granted a gen
cral amnesty to the Cretan insurgents.
Paris, November 12.
The report oi an insurrection having taken
place in Barcelona, is untrue.
Madrid, November 12.
A plot has been discovered in (be city of
Suragossa, in consequence of which several ar
rests have been made.
London, November 12.
Telegraphic advices have been received ski
ting that the war in Japan lias ended. The re
ported death of the Tycoon is confirmed.
London, November 12.
Ihe Loudon l imes of this morning says, eon
sidcringthe difficult position ol the President
of the United States and his efforts to prevent
tin: Invasion of British territory in North
America ft would see with satisfaction some
compliance with Ibis request iu behalf of the
Fenians who have been eouvicted of treason
aud sentenced l 6 death, but still it would Con
cede no immunity iu ease of another invasion
Liverpool, November 12.
Iu the cotton market, this day middling up
l.tnd was quoted at 11%d. Sales to-day 8,000
bales.
%
London, November 2.
Consols this day 80%. American securities :
L idled States securities live-twenties, 69%. Erie
Railway shares 52. Illinois Central railroad
-7%. _ _
Foreign.
BY THE SAXONIA.
New York, November 12.
The Saxonia brings Southampton dates of
the October 31st.
The cholera has broken out afresh at Wool
wich and Charleston, the disease prevailed
lightly at Edinburg. It bad also appeared iu
several places in Yorkshire.
Oscar Beaker, who five j c.rs ago attempted
the life of flu: King of Prussia, has been par
douod.
The Great Eastern lias been chartered to eon
voy passengers from New York to Brest during
ilic Paris Exhibition, afterwards she will be
taken lo lay the Telegraph Cable between
France and Austria.
Marshall O’Donnell was seriously ill iu Paris.
11l Caudia the Tureo Egyptian am.y had
gained a decisive victory over I In- insurgent
Mustnppa Pasha, with eighteen thousand
troops, captured Scroifi, ami nub equciitly
pushed forward lo the mountain , where be
was defeated after four day’s fighting.
From Ball i more,
Baltimore, November It.
Ihe Maryland horse fair is 'announced to take
| ifaee-heire this week, commencing Tuesday.
The famous horses Dexter and Pntchen are to
lie present and there will be trials of speed each
day lor premiums, ranging from 200 to 4,000
dollars.
There is much interest felt to learn the decis
ion of Judge Bartol in the habeas corpus ease
ot the Police Commissioners appointed by Gov.
Swanu, to succeed the old board,and in the case
ot Sheriff Thomson, arrested aud committed
for not summoning a posse hi answer to the
requisition ol the new l.y appointed Commis
sioners. The decision is expected to cover
the whole ground as to the legality of Governor
Swann’s action, aud (lie consequent legality or
illegality ol proceeding’s in Judge Bond’s Court
It- is generally believed that Governor Swann
will immediately summon an extra session of
the Legislature, when questions of great mo
ment to the people of the State will be Hiibrnil
ted for their consideration.
F rorn Washington.
Washington, November 12.
Messrs. Lowry aud Hillyer, Commissioners
from Mississippi to ask for the pardon of Jeff
Davis are in this city and will visit the Presi
dent to-morrow.
The examintion or applicants for Consular
places proves to be a mere form, but is rigid
aud thorough. Out of the numerous candi
dates, only two, thus far have been approved
by the board.
LYNCH LAW IN SOUTH CAROLINA.
Branchvjlle, November 12.
W. T. McKeou, Supervisor of the Columbia
branch S. C. R. R., says that the negroes who
killed Mrs. Garvin and daughter, about ten
miles from Orangeburg, were bung Saturday
last by the citizens of the neighborhood where
the murder was committed. The freedmeu of
the vicinity were so incensed against the per
petrators of this fearful outrage, that they
wanted to tie the murderers to a stake and burn
them, but were prevented from carrying out
thejr intentions by the active interlerenee of the
citizens.
fWe regret exceedingly to learn the above.—
Our citizens should not allow their indignation,
however ju dly excited, to betray them into acts
of lawlessness.]
DEPARTURE OF GEN. FRY FOR CALI
FORNIA.
Washington, November 11.
Maj. Geueral Fry, late Provost Marshal Gen
eral ot the United States, sailed from New York
yesterday for California, to enter upon the du
ties ot Adjutant General of the military division
of the Pacific.
NEW JERSEY U. S. SENATOR.
Trenton, N. J., November 12.
Gov. Ward has appointed Fred T. Freyling
hnysen to fill the vacancy occasioned by the
death of Senator Wright.
COIN IN THE U. S. TREASURE.
Washington, November IJ.
The coin on hand to-day in the treasury is
sixty-seven million dollars, and the coin certi
tieates very nearly twenty one million dollars.
NEW YORK MARKET.
New York, November I”— noon.
Cotton heavy and nominal at 30<5>38. Gold,
143%; Exchange 109%; Sight 110%. Flour
dull. Wheat dull. Corn higher.
New York, November 12— P. M.
Gold, 144%. Flour dull; Southern, #l2 25tig
,#l7 25. Cottou dull at 36. Sugar firm. Naval
stores dull.
CHARLESTON MARKET.
Charleston, November 12.
The cotton market has been more active at a
decline of 2e. from the highest rates. Sales to
day 535 hales ; middling, 34.
SAYANNAn MARKET.
Savannah, November 12.
The cotton market Ims been depressed. Sales
to-day 300 bales ; New York middling, 38%@
34 cents.
MOfexCP MARKET.
Mobile, November 12.
Cotton market dull. Sales to-day 1,000 hales;
middlings, 38@34.
ARRIVALS.
New York, November 12.
Arrived—-Steamers Prometheus from Wil
mington and Montgomery from New Orleans,