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C() N HT! T UTIONALMT.
FRIDAY MORNING, AUG. 7,18 GS
SPEECH
OT? 8 •»
Hon* f. li. ViLUMWHIM,
AT
Dayton, Ohio,
JULY 28, 18<58.
Asa delegate to the recent Prasidential
Convention, 1 report to yon, my Democrat
ic friends, officially, to-night, the results of
its labors, and propose to consider also
briefly and without rhetoric, the political
situation and prospects.
DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATES.
Hquarcs.
1 Week.
i
' 2 Weeks.
3 Weeks.
1 Month.
■ i Months
1 3 Months
4 Months
b Months
0 Months.
Not originally a member of that conven
tion, but called in to aid in its deliberations
after its sessions had begun, I wrought with
fidelity an earnestness to secure that object
which, next to principle, seemed nearest (lie
hearts of the Democracy of Ohio for the
last six months—the nomination of Mr.
George 11. Pendleton. Wc failed because
of reasons not necessary nor proper now to
consider. Rut in all else, the labors of the
convention could not have terminated more
in accordance with the wishes and purposes
of ail true patriots and Democrats, or 1 let
ter for the country. For President we have
nominated Horatio Seymour —an eloquent
orator, an able and experienced statesman,
an accomplished gentleman, sober and
righteous, in the enlarged, catholic sense of
the term—a man o! the strictest pecuniary
integrity; the candidate of no “ring” or
faction, and one who will neither himself
Steal, nor permit, theft in others. And this,
after the larcenous experiences of the past
seven years, which have mocked and dwarf
ed the gigantic peculations and corruptions
Os even Roman or Fir lish history, and
wherein, as in periods of physical epidem
ics, every phase and species of public crime
and offense, speedily assumed the form and
type of robbery or theft, is high, exalted
eulogy upon any candidate, and gives
promise of a heturn to honester times,—
Nominated, to my personal knowledge,
against his will and w ithout a pledge or
promise to any one, upon any subject, lie is
under no obligation of any sort, other than
that which binds the patriot, and gentle
man. And if lie be “insane,” as little crea
tures with false, rrialicions tongues insinu
ate, I would that the same method were in
the madness of all other public men.
For Vice-President., we have nominated
Gen. Frank P. B'air—a civilian and a sol
dier, bold in the cabinet and brave in the
field ; ready to take ail just and necessary
responsibilities; skillful in adapting means
to ends, and prompt, in executing his pur
poses ; liberal and tolerant of the opinions,
of others, and in the very midst of the furor
of the late civil war, capable, as I well
know, of discerning and conceding the.
highest patriotism of motive in those who
differed widest from him.
Such arc the candidates put in nomina
tion ; and in view of their superior excel
lencies and qualifications, I may justly say
to yon that voting, for t&efn'is the highest
■BPNfr'CTwv
ft ageand moreover; that in my deli he rate
judgment and deep conviction, this ticket
is a winning ticket, and will receive a de
cided majority of the entire electoral col
lege, even without reckoning upon a single
Vote from the States lately composing the
“ foil federate Government '
RRPUm.rCAN CANDIDATES.
As to tin; candidates, Gen. U, S. Grant
and Schuyler Golfax, who make tip the
ticket of the Republican party, ! have not
a word personally of denunciation or de
traction lo utter against them. I leave
that whole style, fashion and system of
political warfare to onr enemies, and 1
pray Ileatrcn to put it, into their Itt arts to
devote every hour of time and every in-,
sirmnentaliiy as to manner, througli Hie
press and upon the hustings, to it in its
widest, amplest scope, and foulest, falsest,
bitterest, malignity. And 1 pray further
that the war and the things of the war
may make up the sole subject of their
speeches, their documents and their ap
peal* every way to the people; leaving to
US, as they did last. Summer and Nall in
Ohio, the exclusive discugsioji in every
form, of tiie cheat living questions ok
TO-DAY — I Ik.STOUATM IN, N WiK(l Sui-RKM\CV,
Taxation, Tariff, Debt. CuttßEuey, and
whatever else relates to the civil, t he politi
cal and the material prosperity of the coun
try. These be our topics before the people,
while to them we give amplest license
to howl on about “Rebels, Copperheads,
Kn Klux, traitors, convicted traitors,
the life of the nation,” the giory of the
war, and all similar subjects of denuncia
tion or of praise. As for my single self,
glorying ill every word spoken, every
vote given, every act done, and every
wrong suffered by myself in behaif of
right and liberty throughout the war, i
am yet. not. now to be provoked by any
tant'if. or denunciation into a discussion oi
anything connected with Ft. It is upon
trial, along with all its actors and a'd its
sufferers, before the dread tribunal oi his
tory, and by the judgment therein here
after to be pronounced, i am content to
abide. “Where was ¥ar.aß«li.gJm.m during
the war?” may ho a very pretty and U iiin.g
rhetorical conundrum in the mouths of
“loyal” orators; but. it neither restores tiie
Union, maintains the Constitution, upholds
liberty, pavs taxes, reduces tiie debt, slops
stealing, alleviates distress, nor in any way
reaches tiie wants and ucccs»if ics oi the
people, or tends to bring them roHef tom
burdens too grievous now to lie borne.
Then, gentlemen, I have no word of per
sonal denunciation for the Republican can
didates. I would not detract one jot. or tit
tle from the fullest measure of military
‘dory Id Which General Grant may be just
ly entitled. Ih :1V0 not a syllable to utter,
as to ids persouri? habits- l t are- not wind
his name is or may have hveii, by baptism
or usage. I know Ulysses >S. Giant oniy as
t.he candidate of the Revolutionary Hepub
licaii party, and the representative of its
principles, its policies and its purposes.
We are not choosing the ring-master of a
| ciicus, nor the magister of a feast, nor the
keeper of the royal horses or hounds; nor
even the commanding general of our armies
to wage war; but the Chief Executive offi
cer of a great Republic, to restore peace
and prosperity through the arts of states
manship ; and I know Ulysses 8. Grant
only as the symbol of negro supremacy,
delit, hard times, high prices, low wages,
gold without taxation for the bondholder,
jags and taxes for tiie people, and an impe
rial military despotism instead of the sim
pie but beneficent Federal Republic of our
fathers. Beyond these, General Gran: rep
resents nothing except the cold lava of the
burnt oat volcano of civil war.
Ho much then, gentlemen, as to candi
dates. And now, for a moment, as to plat
lorms.
PLATFORMS COMPARED.
The Chicago Platform of 1868 exults ia
the labors and fruits of the last seven years
of Republican rule, and promises a contin-
AUGUSTA, (Ga,) FRIDAY WORKING, AUGUST 7, 18G8
nance of its blessings, such as they are.
The Democratic Platform of 1868, recurring
to the original and fundamental principles
of our Government, and .proclaiming the
ancient and sound policies of the Demo
cratic party, under which for sixty years'
the country prospered, flourished, was hap
py and becajne truly great, deooiujceerthc
ideas, the wrongs, the burdens and the op
pressions o&the present, and demand* a
change." It buries the dead past With all
its discords and "Ms differences, and goes
forth to moot the living present and the
quickening future, full of the hope and
. promise of better times; and rallies to its
support on terms of perfect equality every
element of opposition to the revolutionary
doctrines and practices which threaten the
overthrow of both the ideal and the actual
Government which our fathers established.
It. begins with the declaration that its
trust is in the intelligence, patriotism and
discriminating justice Os the American peo
ple ; and however for a time tiiis people, or
any other people, may err or run into mad
ness or folly, or do or permit deeds of out
rage or injustice, yet, under Providence, no
trust is more sure and steadfast than in the
sober second thought of an intelligent,
civilized and religious people.
It recognizes the Constitution as the foun
dation of the Government and of its txnvcrs,
and the limitation of them, and the sole
bond of Union, and the guaranty of the
liberties of the people ; and it admits of no
fountain of pow'er higher than that instru
ment ; of no “ military necessity”or
necessity, and of no pretence of y
justifying usurpation of powe.rfW. t'ilie
doing of acts for partisan purposes, outside
of the Constitut ion. !
It. accepts as the only used results or
consequences of the war, the indissolubility
of the Union, and the final abolition of
slavery by the voluntary action of the
Southern States in constitutional conven
tion assembled; but proclaims that 1 lie
original theory and fact and nature and
pract ice of t lie Government as a Federal
Union and* not an Imperial Republic or
Legislative Oligarchy, remains just as in
the beginning.
it, demands the immediate restoration of
all the Stab’S to t heir rights in the Union
under the Constitution, and denounces the
military despotisms and negro governments
which reduce ten States to territories or
provinces, and exclude them from the Union
except upon terms dishonorable to them,
and destructive of the fundamental princi
ples of the Government itself. -
Recognizing the sublime maxim that to
err is human, to forgive diving, it pro
claims, in the very spirit of peace and of
true religion, universal amnesty for all past
political offenses; thus putting to the blush
of shame the shallow hypocrisy of General
Grant, who denying both pardon and po
litical rights to hundreds of thousands of
his fellow-citizens whom more than three
years ago he overcame in open battle, a.id
delivering them over to the domination of
a degraded and brutish race lately their
slaves, yet impertinently proclaims, “ let us
have peace.” Os him tve may well say, as
said the great historian of the desolaters of
Roman provinces, “he makes a solitude
and calls it. peace.”
Denouncing negro equality and suprema
cy, yet in accordance with long established
doctrine, it remits the regulation of the
elective franchise in each State to her own
° lauy • surtby
Rejecting the insolent dogma that a pub
lic debt is a public blessing, it demands
payment of the debt a* rapidly as practi
cable, and unless otherwise expressly re
quired by law or contract, in the lawful
money, the “greenback '' currency of the
country. And t hen, in the spirit of true
Democracy proclaims, “one currency for
the Government and the people, the laborer
and the officeholder, the pensioner and the
soldier, the producer and the bondholder.”
It. demands, further, equal taxation of all
property, Government, bonds included; a
revenue tariff'; economy, the restoration of
the rightful authority of the Judicial and
Executive departments; equal rights for
native and adopted citizens at home anil
abroad ; the right of expatriation; and the
re-subordination of the military to the civil
authority.
It proclaims the so-called “reconstruc
tion acts” of Congress, delivering over ten
States to ihe supremacy of the negro, under
governments controlled by negroes, to he
usurpations, unconstitutional, revolution
ary and void.
To the soldier and sailor it, guarantees
the faithful execution of every pledge given
in their favor by the Government; to the
actual settler it, promises the public lands;
and finally, to the workingmen it tenders
live full sympathy of the Democratic party,
in then efforts to protect the rights ami
promote the interests of labor and of the
laboring classes of the country.
PARTIES COMPARED.
So much for platforms in general.
And now allow me briefly to consider
some oi Ike primary and fundamental dif
ferences in principle and policies, between
the Republican and Democratic parties.
First. The aim and purpose of the lie
publican revolutionary leaders is to cen
tralize the powers of the General Govern
ment, so as to establish ultimately an Im
perial Republic; which, in the judgment of
the wisest and best, statesmen of America,
from the beginning, can hero lie but another
name for a military despotism. To secure
tin’s object they began by denying and
usurping the just, constitutional reserved
rig ht sos the Suites. Next they assumed
absouit - power to exist in time of war, in
the President, vvl.on: they designated “the
government;" and wwi .afterwards they
quarreled with the Executive,they styipned
him of every accustomed and even of very
many of his clearly constitutional preroga
tives, ami finally sought, oy a gross abuse
of the poy/er ot impeachment, to remove
him from an office te which little remained
except 1 lie title and emolument. And when
the Supreme Court stood in their way, they
began, by hostile legislation, to circumscribe
and cripple its rightful jurisdiction, and to
bring it into contempt; with the people, by
bitter and venomous denunciation of its
Chief Justice!
Upon the other hand, the Democratic
parly ’insists, U) the language of Jefferson,
-»ii “ the sunpoft of the Hi ate governments
" ~ "m*ir rights as tiie most competent ad
-1 1.. , ' -wir domestic concerns, and
rmStb«.;X
tendencies; and the preservation
Geijcr.il Government, in its whole constitu
tional vigor, as tiie sheet-anchor of our
peace at home and safety abroad.”
As to policies or ideas, the tvyo parties
ditferfundnmentally in this: the basis of tljo
-present Republican organization is bigotry,
hate and revenge. It tolerates no differ
ences of opinion. Tt, would forever fan and
keep alive the flames of that civil war
which for four long and weary years scorch
ed the hearts and desolated the homes of
one-third of the imoplc of the United States.
It would cherish forever the hot passions
and the bitterness and the feuds and dis
cords which, in our own midst, arrayed
neighbor against neighbor, and wrought
dissension and strife among those of the
same household. It refuses to forget the
vile epithets which found no apology even
amid the fury of a bloody conflict, and glib
ly spits forth from its envenomed lips,
» rebel sympathizer, butter-nut, eipperhead
and traitor.” Professing a religion which
js louiutel on eternal love, it yeT builds it
self up Oft immortal hate. Invoking mercy
and forgiveness from the God of heaven, it
denies all pardon or grace to feTjhw men on
fjSut (To these, opr enemies, realize that
they themselves are the very children of
political' wrath r- Have they forgotten tho
accumulated wrongs ant! outrages which
they heaped ufion.our heads —th&denuncia*
tions, the Calumnies, the espionage, the
mobbing*, the arrests, the imprisonments,
the exile and the murder and assassination
which we, their fellow-citizens, suffered at
their hands? It is we, too, who have
wrongs to forgive or to avenge. It is we
who might shut the gates of mercy upon
them, and demand a fiery and-consuming
retribution. Animated by theif Own relent
less spirit, I, too, might well exclaim:
“ A platans upon thorn! Wherefore sWntd I curse
them? ,
Would itiAes kill, rs doth the m-uidrak.i’j m-ttn,
I would invent as Mtter-eesrchirn? tonne,.
.As curst ns iiaisii, and horrible to hoar,
IKJivereii cti.ejgly ihroutth my lived twit'i. -
With full us many sittes of deadly hate,
Aa Icari-facoit Envy in her loathsome Cii- e :
My tongue should stumble in mine earnest words :
Mine eyes should sparkle Ifimlhu beat#!: dint:
My hair he fixed on end, like one distract:
Ay, every joint should seem to-curse arid hail." ,
But, gentlemen, if such is to pj the spirit
of our political controversies forever; if
there is to In: no truce to our passions; if
the past Is never to be forgotten or for
given ; if the dead carcass Os civil war,
with ai! its engendered griefs, and wrongs,
and hates, is not sometime to lie buried out
of sight, then welcome the fierce waters of
the deluge in which perished the ante
diluvial) world; thrice welcome the fire
from leaven which smote and consumed
Soilo/a and Gomorrah; so that, in God’s
Providence, anew, and a wiser and better
rare, Worthier of their noble heritage, may
Depopulate this North American continent.
Depend u|*on it. gentlemen, no party
wlr'sc only cementing element jp a sympa
thy of hatred can ever lie permanent in
'poo’er, or even in existence.
With large multitudes of men this spirit
of Pate was the controlling motive through
out the late civil war, and lias .continued
to govern t hem at every step in'their efforts
at reconstruction. But with a smaller, yet
lar more dangerous class of poJHieians, the
sole aim for the last three years has been
the perpetuhtiem of Republican rule,
through the negroes of the South. To this
basest of motives and purposes the public
good and the pacification of the country
have been steadily sacrificed; and worse,
yet, constitutional limitations altogether
disregarded. Signally defeated in their ef
forts to establish negro suffrage and.equali
ty in the North and West, they have now
impudently iu their platform proclaimed
that here each State shall regulate suffrage
for itself, while at the South the elective
franchise shall be determined by the
Congress of the United States. Acting
upon the double motive of hate and the
desire to maintain partisan supremacy,
they have disfranchised a large number
of the white population of the Southern
States, and conferred upon the negroes,
by an act of Congress, Ihe right to
voce ; and then, at the point of the bavo
net, have proceeded to establish seven
State governments, controlled by negroes
or white adventurers meaner than they—
anartsstaoarneis. birds of passage, and ver*J
foul film* I WfWi(jvr«nrt nave g(Wre tnrOftghT
the farce of admitting them iuto the Union
and to the right of representation in the
Senate and the Reuse, and lull vote in the
electoral college for President. In tills
maimer, gentlemen, they expect to control
the legislation and the elections of the
country. And these ignorant, brutish ne
groes of South Carolina ami Florida and
the other Southern States do now make
laws, and levy taxes, and create public
debt, for you, white men of Ohio ; and t hey
expect to overrule your choice for Presi
dent. Ves, gentlemen, under these Repub
lican reconstruction acts, enforced by an
armv for which you pay heavy taxes out of
your hard earnings, half a million ot ne
groes in Sout h Carolina, reinforced by some
tii.msauds of adventurous white loafers
from the North and West, will control
nearly as many electoral votes as a million
of white men in Ohio. Aye, and this pres
ent moment the “ Governor,” so-called, of
that. State, elected by negroes, under an act
of Congress, and through the aid of your
army, is a citizen of Ohio, having a. legal
settlement here; so that if he were to be
come a pauper—and South Carolina is very
poor now, and no longer able to enrich her
satraps—-the proper township in the county
of Henry, in this State, could .he compelled
to maintain him as a public charge. And
moreover, Gen. Willard Warner, a noble
confrere of his from Ohio, has, I observe,
just been elected a United States Senator
from Alabama!
These arc the doings of the Republican
party, and if not marvelous in your eyes,
they are at least, costly to your pockets.—
These are a part of the blessings over
which the Chicago platform exults, and a
continuance, and indeed multiplication of
which, they promise upon the election of
Gen. Ulysses.S. Grant.
BANK INJUSTICE OF TITE RECONSTRUCTION
POLICY.
Now, gentlemen, suppose for a moment
that t.he. case was reversed, and that the
South had waged a successful war of con
quest against you herein the West, and
had compelled, by force of arms, the intro
duction of slavery here, and you had sur
rendered in good faith, under pledge and
promise of all other rights with?n the
Union, under the Constitution; and that
when you had no farther newer to resist, a
Southern Congress had, at t.he point of the
nayonet, forced constitutions, governments
and laws upon you against your will, and
that victorious and insolent South Carolina
had sent up hero the meanest and basest or
her vagabond “Sand Hill” citizens, with
carpet-bags in theirhands, to represent you,
the once free, white men of Ohio, in the
Senate and Rouse at the Federal Capital,
and to usurp the places once filled by the
Morrows, the McLeans, the Corwins the
Ewings, the Hamers, and the Allens of this
glorious Commonwealth, what would have
<.ecu the emotions of wrath and indignation
which would have bn rued within your
bosoms? And yet to just such indignities
are South Carolina and Virginia, and their
sister States of the ‘M >id Thirteen,” scorch
ed and scarred all over with the flames of
the war of 1776, subjected, by the false and
”'*<muerate sons of t.iic New England sires
who stood snoiiuhl!' V* RhoiiuhV l>y tj,em in
that grand revolutionary conflict, which iu
blood and suffering, and with trecious trea
sure lirsi, bought n ,ojr lihei'tjrsj
All, but “ these men are now rebels and
traitors, and you, the Democracy, received
them with open arms and gashing hearts
to your recent Presidential Convention.”’
Thank God, we did ; and by noue were they
hailed with more cordial welcome than by
not t he bloodless though blood thirsty home
loyalists of the war, but by the gallant and
noble heroes, the Hancocks, the Franklins
the Ewings, the Blairs, the Slocums, and
the Steadmans, who had met them in deadly
conflict amid the sulphurous canopy and
shock of battle. We mean to have peace
indeed. We intend to restore the Union
iu fact.; and to-day we know these men only
as our friends, fellow-citizens and brothers;
the descendants of the Washingtons, the
Lees, the Hamptons, the Suinters, the
Marions, the Prestons, the Haynes, the
I iaurens and others who, side by side, stood
with the Hancocks, the Adamses, the
Starks, the Putnams, the Gates, and the
Waynes of the North in the heroic Revolu
tionary struggle of’76, or with their sons
and grandsons iu the later conflict of 1812,
or the Mexican war of 1846 —Americans all,
whose fame is the patrimony of the whole
country. This is peace: this is Union; this
alone is the blessed vision of the seers and
prophets of an age gone by: One Constitu
tion, one country, one destiny !
So much for reconstruction. And now,
gentlemen, a word upon humbler yet more
practical anil scarce less important sub
jects.
TAXATION, TAjMPP AND REVENUE.
And first, as to taxation in its double
form—Tariff and Internal Revenue. The
sole foundation of the right of government
to appropriate any part of the property of
the citizen by taxation is the necessity of
supporting the Government, in its several
departments, working strictly within the
line of thoir duty; and the only measure of
the right is the extent of,the necessity, a
reasonable economy being the fixed rule by
Which to determine, that necessity. Every
dollar which the Government extracts from
the people beyond this is sheer downright
robbery. Notv, a protective, tariff in its
very nature, implies the levying of a tax,
not for the necessities of the Government,
but for the benefit of a class. Levied upon
articles of manufacture, it is money trans
ferred !>v ael of Congress from the pockets
of the consumer to too bank account of the
manufacturer. And this is robbery. Pre
vious to the wav and in Democratic times,
an average duty of some fifteen per cent,
was laid upon imports; and without a dol
lar of internal revenue collected by the
Federal Government, the amount received
was ample to pay the tlien seventy or eighty
millions of expenditures. Now, as |>art of
the blessings of Republican rnic, a contin
uance of which you are promised under
Gen. Grant, these duties run from a nomi
nal sum or nothing on raw material, to
three hundred percent, on manufactures,
averaging upon the whole list more than
forty-five per cent. And of this one half
at least is an absolute gift by the Govern
ment to the manufacturing interest—a gift
taken by robbery from your pockets.—
Eleven times lias the tariff been raised by
several acts of Cougress since 1860, ami we
have now just barely, by the adjournment
yesterday, escaped another elevation. Oh,
the choice blessings of Republican rnie
which are to be continued and multiplied
under Grant!
But the inequity, and the iniquity too, of
the tariff, is greatly aggravated by the fact
lhat its chief burdens fall upon us of the
West One-half of the proceeds of the tariff
go to swell the profits of the Eastern man
ufacturer, who buying onr produce cheap,
sells us his wares dear, aud tbeu investing
his rapidly accumulated wealth in bonds,
purchased with “greenbacks” at sixty
cents on the dollar, escapes taxation, re
ceives his interest in coin, and after his
bonded clajm against the Government has,
in the language of the Chicago platform,
been “ extended over a fair period of re
demption,” like the English debt, he or his
heirs in the tvnth generation, expect to be
paid iu gold at the rate of oqe hundred cents
%9 tin; ’ Ob, ti.j fcf ratings aif P. (Pub
lican rule to be continued under Grant!
But the West, blinded during the war by
the veil of “ loyalty,” at last is beginning
to open her eyes to this enormous wrong
piled upon her; and I warn the East, in no
sectional spirit, but in all kindness, yet
all earnestness, that the strong, patient man
of tiie West, staggering under this burden,
is resolved in inexorable purpose, to shake
it from his shoulders at every hazard.
I have said that the necessities of govern
ment, economically administered, are the
limit of its right to tax. Wherefore, also,
it is true that every dollar stolen from the
Treasury, and every dollar misapplied from
the legitimate purposes of government, is
so much robbed from the people. And yet,
in the very first year of Republican bless
ings, the year of grace 1801, vve had the
testimony upon the floor of Congress of a
leading Republican, that. “ the Treasury
had been plundered well nigh in that year
as much as the entire current yearly ex
peases of the Government* during Mr.
Buchanan’s administration ” Republican
petit larceny was then but in tin; pulp of
embryo; but seven years of rapid and vig
orous growth have developed it now into
the bone and grizzle of sturdy and gigantic
theft and robbery. And to day the expen
ditures of the Government, legitimate and
larcenous, are nearly five times as great as
when eight years ago the power was
snatched from tiie Democratic party and
delivered over to Republican misrule.
Tire PUBLIC DEBT.
And now allow me a word as to t,he pub
lic debt. It is a vain thing t.o-diy to en
quire how this debt came to be contracted,
or iibw much of it was originally neces
sary or just. It may have been the most
essential, the most constitutional, the most
righteous and the most wisely and judici
ously managed t hat ever a people incurred ;
or it may have been in every particular,
just the reverse. No matter. It exists,
and must be dealt with accordingly. The
Democratic and Republican parties both
recognizing it, differ widely, radically in
regard to it. The idea or notion of the
Democratic party* may he best and most
significantly expressed by a paraphrase of
Dunning’s celebrated resolution against
the royal prerogative, a hundred years ago
in the British Parliament —that the Public,
j)cbt has increased, is increasing, mul ought,
lo /mi diminished: The Republican plat
form declares that it ought to lx; “extended
over a fair period for redemption a
phrase curiously felicitous in expressing
hdiiiito uncertainty of duration. It re
minds me of Charles James Fox’s answer j
to his creditors, who, vexed with his long
delay, ironically proposed that lie should
execute to them his bonds payable on the
dav of judgment. “Ah,” said he, “just
please make them payable the day after.”
Cl*>n the other hand, the Democratic
platform demands “payment of the public
debt of the United States as rapidly as
piactjcai/le, applying all money drawn
from the people, by taxation, except so
much as is requisite for the necessities o(
government economically administered, to
such payment.” The Democratic parly
mean that this debt, with all its burdens
and all its corruptions of every sort, shall
lie paid off; and l say to you, gentlemen,
that in my firm conviction, Republican
government cannot long endure here even
in form arid shadow, if this huge mountain
of debt is to continue ; and that no lorm of
government could exist pure anil incoirupt,
if this debt is to becoipe permanent.
Upon another subject, gentlemen, the pol
icy of the two parties is in marked con
trast. Planting itself firmly upon the fixed
principle of all fust governments, that taxa
tion ought to be equal, the Democratic par
ty demands that the bonds and other secuii
ties of the United States shall be taxed the
same as other pro|>erty. The justice and
equality of the proposition arc too plain
for elaborate argument. These bonds and
securities leave every legal elemeut of
property in the hands of their holders, ex
cept taxation. Why, then, the exemption ?
They now amount in various forms U* some
twenty-six hundred millions of dollars, or
about one-fifth of the entire property of the
country. And yet this oiie fifi.ii, claiming
the special care and nurture of the Govern
ment, drawing its increase in gold, and in
the hands chiefly of the wealthiest men,
and soon to become exclusively theirs, pays
not a dollar of tax in the manner or to the
extent which it would pay if it were other
property. To-day your capitalist owns a
hundred thousand dollars in lauds and
goods,. and pays taxes, income iuoluded,
State and Federal accordingly; thus bear
ing his lull proportion of the burdens of
the community in which he lives. To
morrow he sells all, and invests in Govern
ment bonds, receiving his interest, paid
now by other men, his neighbors, in taxes,
but lo! himself pays not a dime in taxa
tion, save the income tax, deducted vir
tually and in paper, f-om the golden inter
est which he receives. And now the entire
burden of taxes, remaining just tho same as
yesterday, falls upon those of his communi
ty who own bonds. And yet leaders of
the Republic:*!) party, high in position and
influence, have the audacity to tell us that
whoever is for taxing bonds is no better
than a penitentiary convict! Well, be it
so; but there are three millions and more
of white American voters in the United
States who arc resolved that, penitent iavy
convicts or not, they wPI have these bonds
taxed.
RONDS AND CTUffENUACKS.
] come now to the mode of paying the
public debt, and the subject of the curren
cy in general.
Gentlemen, lain a hard money man. I
alwavs have. been. Then- is no other real
money in the world ; and least of all is irre
deemable government paper money in any
i‘roper sense of the term. It is not even
the representative of money, but only of
government credif ; and varies, and must
ever vary, with the fluctuations of that
credit. And it is by so much a greater evil
when government seeks to make its oivn
panor, its own credit, its own promise to
pay, a legal tender for payments and debts.
If government were to issue no more paper,
or little more that) it wanted for taxes,-it
need not declare it a legal tender. If it
issue more, and just in proportion to the
no kind or amount of legislation,
jK’iial or otherwise, himl no unrulier of legal
tender clauses, can save it from deprecia
tion. I voted against the legal tender act.
of 1862. I did not believe it const!) utional
then. 1 do not believe it constitutional
now. Moreover, I felt assured that it must
sooner or later bring forth its evil fruit,
and that abundantly. Government paper
could not be made or kept equal to coin ;
and there is no more mischievous agent
of financial and commercial distress than
a depreciated paper currency. And the
evil is greatly aggravated if there be two
currencies of unequal value. I concur
fuliv in all that Governor Seymour has
said upon this particular subject, and in
the purpose of his recent speeches as I un
derstand them ; and that was to warn the
Democracy and the people of the United
Stales not. to swing wholly from their an
cient hard money moorings, and become
too deeply enamored of the green goddess
of paper money; to love wisely, and not
too well; not to accept the extreme medi
cine of the public jdebt and currency as
dqUy 1 thirik the caution was
timely and well bestowed. lam in favor
of one currency, if practicable, and as soon
as practicable, and that currency gold and
silv(-~. This twenty dollar gold piece
which I hold in my hand—General Scheuck
intimated last Fall that I stole it; no mat
ter ; it was certainly not. from him; and
moreover, let. me tell him that it is not the
wages of political prostitution, nor yet of
that siu which is )x>litical death ; pardon
the digression—this gold piece is money;
not, indeed, “lawful .monfiy” in the lan
guage of the legal tender act, but constitu
tional money, and the only money known
to that instrument. No act of Congress,
and no number of penal provisions, could
persuade me that, this twenty dollar legal
tender is as good as this twenty dollar
gold. This (the gold) is not the represents
live of or substitute for money, it is money.
It does not sav “ I promise to pay twenty
dollars,” but “ I am twenty dollars ” Now,
gentlemen, f should be veev glad to make
this paper money as good as gold—if i only
knew how. I remember in ancient mythol
ogy, one Midas, who besought the gods for
power to turn everything he touched into
gold; but I recollect also that in the
sequel of the story Midas was written
down an ass. 1 know, then, of no way of
making you, Government paper as good
as gold, except by either immensely re
ducing the volume—somewhere near to
the standard of taxation —or requiring it
to he redeemed on demand in gold at the
Treasury of tijo United States. But neiUtcr
of these is now practicable. What then ?
Necessarily we arc to have two currencies
for the present—gold and greenbacks: a
dollar in coin equal to a hundred cents,
and a dollar in legal tender, representing
variously from fifty to seventy cents. And
novy, hard money-man as lain, odious as a
depreciated irredeemable government paper
forced upon the people is to me, I meet the
issue squarely. If you have gold enough
for all, let ns all have gold. Bat if not,
and there must be paper for some, then
paper for all; and in the language of the
New York Democratic I‘laUorin, “ one cur
rency for the Government and the people, the
laborer and the office holder, the pensioner
and the soldier, the producer and the bond
holder;” and whosoever would have gold,
let him buy it in the market at its value in
currency. And let us have no petty quib
bling aboufrthe phrase “ lawful money. ’ In
the platform it is the antithesis of “ Coin
and in the entire legislation of Congress
upon the subject for six years, it means the
legal tender “ greenback” currency of the
country. Redeem, then, in this lawful
money—lawful to the plovvholder and law
ful to the bondholder —as “rapidly as prac
ticable,” ad obligations of the Government
not expressly upon their face or by law,
made payable in coin. Abolish forthwith
your National Banking System; take up
the bonds which they hold, save twenty
millions of interest to the tax payers, and
instead of redeeming three hundred millions
of national currency with greenbacks, issue
a like amount of greenbacks at once to sup
ply their place. Here is no inflation, nor is
there fmy, the smallest hazard of having
“ too much money,” even of “ lawful money,”
in the country. With the disappearance,
too, of the present National Banking mono
poly, we shall secure again old-fashioned
specie paying banks whose credit shall de
pend on their solvency, and whose promise
to pay is redeemable not iu another promise
to pay, but in gold and silver, the constitu
tional money of the land.
NO DANGER OF CIVIL WAR.
I ha>o now, my Democratic friends, liu
ished what I had to say upon the politi
cal issues ail’d situation of the day. One
word further upon another subject, and 1
have done.
You hear from ever quarter through the
Republican press tiie alarm that it is the
purpose of the Democratic party to reiiir
augurate revolution aud civil war. Let uo
man be iu the least concerned. Unqnes-
I tionably it is thq fixed purpose of three
VO', sr, NO
millions of Democratic Voters, yyith all the
intensity which can fife fbb 'ftfijtris **? men
porn freemen aud scarping to .die siuves, if
iyc shall fairly, Constitutionally and legally
sectta President, to see that, J;e is tnaugu
to'tod at every hazard. It is bur right and
our duty too; as also it is the duty and
right of the Republican party and , they snail
legally, constitutionally and 'fh.fr!>- oloei
Gen. Grant, But no maftpic* litotes, openly
or covertly anything heyPnd. No, gciille
jncu, it is the Republican leaders who are
the revolutionists. It is they who, resolv
ed by all moans and at the liberties ot
the people, and the peace of the coun
try. to perpetuate their power, would
again plunge us info both civil and so
cial war with all its horrors. But to the
ballot aud not to the bullet, wc now appear.
The people are wearied of the Republican
party, and of its Wrongs and its perfidies,
Os its debt, ami Its tariffs and its taxations,
of its.negro governments and its military
despotisms, of a dishonored Coustitulf"
and a broken Union which four years of
and three years of peace under its comlm ’
and legislation, have failed to restore; anu
they demaud and will have a clung '. Aud
unless every sign and omen by which the
political future may be discerned, shall fail,
so signal and disastrous will be the over
throw of this party iu November, that the
themselves will make basic to roc
and hearken to the voice of the pc*
the voice of God: aud as chastened
tiren, In alienee wiki submit to the.)
ment which in mercy to themselves, a to
us and to the whole country, shall drive
them from the seats of power. No, gentle-*'
men, no; there will be no move civil war
In the land: but flic sun at high noon,
shining on the JEasb n> front of llv Capitol,
on the Fourth of March, 1860, will look
down peacefully upon Hot;.* wo Ukymouk,
I’IIBSIDENT OP THE UNITED IVi'AT”::.
Seymour and Bla*
I.ATSCE RVTIIWASiON J 'VO AT I ETUI,E
ii pm, pa.—Riwgmr- nr it on uewter
CT.YMER AND OTf'-’US.
l^pccia 1 to (lie New 5 ork World.
Bethokuem, August 2.—A large aud en
thusiastic meeting for Seymour and Blair '
was behl here Balm day afternoon ami
evening. Addresses in English were de
livered by the lion. I !<•;«*,.y* < hyihi r, John
D. Stiles, Davi * a nil others; and in German
bv the editor of the New York BttmU
Veitvno and others. The Old TeuUi Legion,
always Democratic, is good for a largely
Increased majority. R. AT.
ANOTHER ACCOUNT. /
On Saturday, the Ist itist., the Le!i* h
County Democracy, join' and by tunny of As
friends and neighbors from North, mptoj,
had a great ratification rally in the neigh
borhood of Bethlehem. The sneaking”in
English and German commenced at 1, p.
m., and lasted with little interruption rdl
11, p. m. The greatest enthusiasm prevail
ed throughout. Toward night the journey
men from the neighboring iron and. zinc
works appeared en masse and heightened
the general zest and animation of the vast
assemblage. Messrs. Heistcr Olymer, Sena
tor Davis, Fox, Matvey, J Id born and others
spoke in English, and Herman ‘ tSchroeder,
of New York, Dr. Warner, of Berks emv
ty, end Mr. Ruhl, of Allentown, in Germ
Lehigh and Northampton expect to incre
thru-list,al Dtaiiwecatic majority i-> !.u>;, , I( ,i
1,500 votes, being good for 5,500 next
(Special Dispatch to the Worlb.
EKEVT MEETING IN ((SYRACUSE —SUEEOHES
BY HENRY C. MURPHY, JUDGE COMSTOCK,
SANFORD E. CHURCH, FRANCIS E. KIER
NAN AND OTHERS—UNPARALLELED EN
THUSIASM.
Syracuse, August 4.—The Democracy of
this city held this evening (lie largest and
most enthusiastie political meeting ever
held in this vicinity It was under the aus
pices of the Onnndaga Association, a*Kl
proved a wonderful success, as it. was the
spontaneous outburst of the people n> ar the
birthplace of our standard bearer, Horatio
.veymour. 1 hero were bonfir.y.s, cannon
tiring, music, fireworks, 1 orej|fight, proces
sions and enthusiasm unparalleled in Con
teal New York. Prominent changes are
taking place ii• this v)< i*• •t v, and everything
indicates that, this Kadieoi stronghold wifi
bo redeemed fov Bcymotir and Blair. The
meeting broke up at a late hour, and the
enthusiasm still continues; a large crowd
called on Hon. A. ,T. Rogers, stopping at the
Vanderbilt House, and serenaded him, ivho
came forward, acknowledged the compli
ment, and predicted beyond doubt that, this
State would give Seymour and Bair no less
than 75,000 majority and they would be
triumphantly elected, ' N. C.
i Correwpondmice of (lie World.
RATTFIOATTON MEETING AT SARATOGA
SPEECHES BY HON. O. T. CURTIS AND
OTHERS.
Saratoga, July fit, 18(58.—-A large and
enthusiastic meeting of the friends of Sey
mour and Blair was convened at the Union
Hotel at nine last evening. This was the
second grand ratification of the people’s
ticket, and was under the auspices of the
Third Ward Democratic (Hub,oi whicirthe
Hon. John H. White, President of tin
village, is chairman. The band, urromidn.
with torch bearers, arrived at the stand
amid the booming of guns and (lie <*r, ■i.
enthusiasm of the assembled tnukiludc
The dense mass extended from lie* Union
ffnito across Broadway to the Congress
Hotel, opposite. Deafening cheers were
given for Seymour and Blair, and Hire meet
ing ad journed at 11:30, with repeated cheer
for the Democracy and a reunion ot di
late United Htales
Old Saratoga county will poll a lar .
majority for Seymour and Biair.
[Slirci.il Dispatch to the Worlff.
GREAT MEETING IN PORTLAND.—SUKEGIIKS
BY HONS. BION BRADBURY, TANARUS;. o. PERRIN,
OF NEW YORK, AND OH! I.RS.
Portland, Me., August I. —The Seymour
and Blair ratification in tins div to-night
was one of the greatest political demon, i ra
tions ever seen In the land of sunrise. Al
7 o’clock a splendid banner w;i ; vuu out in
front of the Democratic quarters, amidst
music, and the huzza:: of the great crowd
assembled. The gathering was addressed
briefly by Hon. William L. I’utnam, and it
then marched to the office of the Itiaslcrn
Argus, where another splendid banner wn>
thrown to the breeze, with a display of tire
works, and the multitude were nddr. ->1
by Colonel Joint M. Adams, editor oi that
paper. The people then filled to stiff- -cation
the spacious new Cily Hall, where the prin
cipal meeting was organized.
A large delegation of soldiers front Fort
Leaven worth ut;.relied down to the democrat
ic rutilieaiioii meeting at Leavenworth, and
one of their number addressed the meeting, en
dorsing Seymour and Klair.
A soldier of the Third New York Artillery,
who is at present engaged in selling campaign
badge*, informs the Syracuse Covrter that the
Seymour badges go like hot cakes, but that Ire.
is unable to dispose of his Grant badges. lu
Jamcsville, Wednesday, he wild 341 Seymour
badges and not a siugle one o’t Grant, although
he wits profusely covered with both kitjtlf. *h
the ears between Cortland and SyrWcnse he
sold twenty-seven Sevruour and only two
Grant badges.— N. T. World.