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’ *T» »iw tvn i~ i I T, I1 , J
THE CONSTITUTIONALISTr
JAMES GARDNER, JR.
TER M S .
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and L« l*ers of business.
[ From the Charleston Mt rcury, Nov. 3.J
There is ono feature in the extracts we
3’fe.sterday published from Mexican pa
pers, that deserves to be noticed. There
is no more of the old fashioned bragging
and blustering. Their lone is despondent,
and in their humility, they allow the truth
to escape—that the Government is without
means, the provinces without courage or
preparation, and that the)’ are beset bv a
determined, active and powerful enemy.
The bloodless conquest of California and
New Mexico—iheadvance of Gen. Wool
upon Chihuahua with as little prospect
of serious opposition—the rapid march of
General Taylor upon Monterey, were
events that singly were exciting enough; j
but all together, they overwhelmed the
Capitol with terror ami amazement. At
the lime these extracts were written, I
there remained one hope of safety to the ;
Republic, in a sucessful defence or Mon- j
lerev. The fallowing letter horn a Mexi
cart, written a day before the arrival of
Gen. Taylor, shows how much was ex
pected from the preparations at that place.
“To-day if the attack we every moment
expect from the Yankees is realized, there is
not a doubt but the cause of the people will
triumph. Our army has just received a most i
opportune reinforcement of five thousand |
men, with sixteen pieces of cannot) of the :
very best quality, so that our whole available
force is theirteen thousand seven hundred and
fifty regular troops, besides the assistance we I
may reasonably expect from the inhabitants. {
Immediately on the arrival of Gen. Ampndia, j
ftie city was declared under martial law, but
although we are thus deprived of perfect li
berty temporarily, we are thankful that we
shall soon be recompensed for the depriva
tion by a great triumph over the enemy.
“Gen. Taylor, is at Ceralvo, detained by a
scanty supply of mules, but determined to
march upon us wrth his present force of
about three thousand men, thinking the city
is not guarded. We shall give him a glorious
reception indeed, and when the news of his
fool hardiness retur s to his < on it y nen.they
will know tiiat the glory of Hie Mexican flig
is not to be sullied w'itliout ast ruggle. Our
troops are at work day and night barricading
the houses, mounting cannon, and doing
every thing to render the city impregnable. 1
A soldier vva-s shot by order of Gen. Ampu
cna. charged with treason, and a proclama- j
turn of death to any engaged in traffic wnlh '
the Americans, has been issued by our brave
Gen. Ampndia.”
What a joyous and triumphant spirit
breathes through this letter! And yet the
anticipations of the writer were really
moderate. Doubtless Ampudia had given
an exaggerate estimate of his own force
and a gieally diminished one of the ene
my, for the sake of encouraging his
troops; hut he could not have deceived
them so far as to multiply seven thousand j
into thirteen thousand. There w ere cer
tainly not less than ten thousand regular
troops in the city, with probably five (
thousand new levies—and these with the
advantage of a powerful artillery and
strong fortifications, Gen. Taylor’s force
was six thousand five hundred men, one
half of whom had never seen a battle, and
his artillery force was feeble. With
such enormous disparity in men, in guns
and in the advantage of position, it would
have been very strange if the .Mexicans
had expected anything but a decisive
victory, and those who underrate the
character of Gen. Taylor’s success, do
injustice to one of the most brilliant 1
achievements in the annals of w’ar.
If we may judge from the tone of the
Mexican journals—humbled and despon
dent, —before the capture of Monterey,
that event is likely to ext inguish their last
hoj>e of successful resistance, and to lead
at no distant day to the conclusion of a
durable peace. The rumor that Santa
Anna was at Saltillo before the end of
September with a strong force, is alike
destitute of proof and of probability. Still,
having accepted the command of thearm y,
lie will doubtless try to do something, £1 is I
hopes of the Presidency must rest upon his
conduct for the next two months, and
hence we look for a show of military ope- !
rations and perhaps some substantial fight
ing, but what is done hereafter will be
merely in the way of making terms for a
peace. All idea of maintaining the war
with the United Slates, as nation against
nation, must have ended with the battle of
Monterey.
A Clock on a New Plan. —Galignani
mentions that a watchmaker of Paris has 1
constructed a clock of a curious and most
ingenious nature. It is made with eleven
dials. The principal dial shows the
hours alone; a transparent one immediate
ly below the former, show’s the progres
sion and retrogression of the sun; two
others, also transparent, and through
which the mechanism of this immense
machine can keseen, mark, the one the
days of the month, the other the seconds.
Eight square enamelled dials a re arrang
ed, round the two sides of the pendulum,
«nd show the hour in each of the following
cities: London, Algiers, Alexandria, *St.
Helena, Otaheite, Canton, New York,
*nd St. Petersburg. Each of ilvese dials
is marked with 24 hours, instead of 12, so
as to show the hours of the day and those
of the night. Lastly, the pendulum car
ries a large metrical scale, indicating the
degree of expansion and contractioTi of
melal. This clock cost 14,000 francs,
or about JE6OO.
O"Mr. Cottrell (Uem.) has been elected
to Congress, from the 3d Congressional Dis
trict of Alabama, to supply the vacancy oc
casioned by the decease ot Mr. M’Connell.
t From the Washington Union, Oct. 28.]
THE THIRTIETH CONGRESS.
VV eo! serve that the w hig press is,at this
early day, speculating upon its chances
of having a majority of whigs in the
House of Representatives at the opening
of the 30th Congress. We have not yet
seen a ma jority of the Senate claimed by
them? The New Bedford Mercury has
cyphered it all out , and demonstrated,
doubtless toils own satisfaction, that there
have been and will be gains enough to
i give the whigs 115 members of the next
i House, which that paper gravely asserts
I will be a majority. The next House of
Representatives will be composed of 230
members, and by what Yankee ingenuity
our co laborer, if not in the vineyard, n?ar
a vineyard, makes 115 a majority of 230,
we areat a loss to discover. But we can
assure him that, in our opinion, formed
from the best data which the case admits
of, the whigs will fa I much short of 115
members in the House of Representatives
of the 30'h Congress. And believing
that the calculations now made and pub
lished by the whig presses are intended
to affect the coming autumn elections in
New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey,
&c., we will ehdeavoi’ to furnish an anti
dote to the bane by giving an estimate of
the party composition of the next House
of Representatives, under the soundest
data, and calculated by tiie best author
ity* -
We will correct our New Bedford con
temporary in his statement that there has
been, assuming V inton’s election as cer
tain, a whig gain ol 13 in Ohio and Penn
sylvania. In the present House, the
delegations from Pennsylvania and Ohio
stand 25 democrats to 20 whigs. In the
next House they will stand,admitting the
election ot Vinton, 17 democrats to 28
whigs—being a gain of eight! instead of
c> O “
thirteen!
Actually Estimate. Whole
Heeled. No. of
f — A N Repres.
D. W. 1). W.
Maine, 2 12 2 7
New Hampshire, 2 2 4
Vermont, 2 11 4
Massachusetts, 10 10
Rhode Island, 2 2
Connecticut, 4 4
New York, 17 17 34
New Jersey, 2 3 5
Pennsylvania, 7 *l7 2i
Maryland, 3 3 G
Delaware, 11
Virginia, 12 3 15
North Carolina, 5 4 9
South Carolina, 77 ,
Georgia, 4 4 8
Alabama, 0 fl 7
Mississippi, 4 4
Louisiana, 3 1 4
Ohio, 10 11 21 !
Kentucky, 2 8 10 i
Tennessee, 0 5 11
Indiana, 8 2 10
Illinois* 0 17
Missouri* 6 6
Arkansas, 1 ]
Michigan, 3 3
Texas, 2 2
Florida, 1 . ]
lowa, 2 2
Wisconsin, 2 2
42 37 82 09 230 '
*1 Native,
f Anii-tarifT of 18-42.
RECAPITULATION.
Deni. Whig.
Already elected, 42 37
Estimated, 82 09
f
124 100
109
Democratic majority in
11. R. 30ih Congress, 18
The foregoing is, as we believe, a most
liberal estimate for the whigs. We have 1
C 1
set down New York 17 to 17; present ap
pearances indicate that the democrats will
elect a majority of members of the House
in that Slate. In Maryland, Virginia,
Kentucky, and North Carolina, we allow
a gain of 5 to the whigs, which we do not
believe they will make. In Maine, New
Hampshire,and Massachusetts,it requires
a majority of all the votes to elect. Two
of the districts of New Hampshire (Coos
and Strafford) are sure to elect democrats
on the first trial, while in the other dis- I
tricts (Rockingham and Cheshire) tle.e
will probably be no choice; should there
he, one more democrat will be elected. I
It is highly probable that at least three
districts in Massachusetts, and one, at
least, in Maine, will he unrepresented in
the House, for a portion of the next Con
gress. If Massachusetts has her full j
representation there will be at least one
democrat from that State.
Taking all these things into conidera- j
lion, we do not enteriain a doubt that I
there will be a sound democratic majority
in the next House of Representatives of
from 15 to 25.
Chagres. —This is a small town dr village
on the Atlantic side of the Isthmus of Pan
ina. It contains a population of about 1000
souls. These are nearly all native Indians,
there being perhaps not a dozen Europeans,
including Spaniards in the place. Eireels
there are none; the houses are built of ham- I
boo, plastered with mud, and having mud
floors. Altogether, the people and their be
longing are of the most primitive description,
and are probably retrograded in their condi
tion since the first landing of the {Spaniards.
The old Spanish fortress still frowns in ruins
above the bluff that commands the town. Its
walls, bastions, curtains, and ditches cover a
large area, and for the artillery in use at the
time of its construction, must have been a
very formidable hold. Now’, the rank foliage
of tropical vegetation waves over its ram
parts, and as a foreign vessel approaches
the shore, tl*e custom house flag raised by a
revenue officer over its broken and discolored
battlements, tells that iite age of military
glory has passed away forever.
The Ocean Steamers. —The little city of
Jersey hag been selected as the depot for the
new line of Steamships, that are to ply be
tween New York and Liverpool, the contract
for which, has been taken by Mr. Cuhard.
[From iheN. O. Picayune, Oct. 30 ]
FROM GALVESTON A.XD BRAZOS SANTIAGO.
The steamship Palmeiro, Capt. Lewis,
arrived last evening from Galveston,
"hence she sailed on Tuesday, ihe 27ih
■ inst. Among her passengers, were Dr.
Conrad and Lieut. Nichols, of the U. S.
I Army; and Capts. Crump and Smith, and
! Lieuts. Price, Smith, Srnedesand Derfen
doif, of the Mississippi volunteers; and
Lieut. S. C. Reid, of the Texas Rangers.
Lient. Price is the gentleman so often re
ported to have been killed by the Mexi
j cans.
Not to keep the reader in suspense, we
are happy to be able to say that the diffi
cully between Gen. Marshall and Col.
Peyton, and that between Mr. Musson and
Capt. Shivers, were arranged without a
hostile meeting.
By this arrival we learn that the
steamship McKirn arrived at Galveston
from Brazos Santiago o.i Saturday last,
the 24th instant, having sustained some
slight damage in her machinery. Gen.
A.S. Johnson, of Texas, Col. Balie Pey
ton and our associate, Mr. Kendall, were
passengers on the McKim. Capt. Shivers’
company ot Mississippi and Texas volun
teers, and a large number of discharged
volunteers were on board the McKim.—
The McKim brought verv little news
fiom Brazos Santiago to Galveston. The
rno't important item was the arrival of
the steam schooner Spitfire at Brazos
from Chagres. This and other items are
given in Mr, Kendall’s leMer appended.
The McKim was to leave Galveston on
Wednesday, the 28ih inst., if her repairs
were completed, and she may therefore
be expected every hour. Our correspon
dence from the Army is in the mails on
the McKim. The Palmetto btought no
mail.
The U. S. [impeller Florida, Captain
Butler, from Brazes for this port, put into
Galveston on the 25th inst., having been
eleven days out, with 200 discharged
volunteers on board. She was short of
provisions and water. Having supplied
herself, she was to sail again for this port
on the 28th.
[Editorial Correspondence of the Picayune, j
Galveston, Oct. 27, l»4o.
The Palmetto going out towards New
Orleans this evening gives me a chance
of sending vou a line, although 1 have
O. 7 O
little in the way of news to communicate.
The McKim and Florida, propellers,
are both in port here from Brazos Island.
Phe former came in, with her machinery
out of order, three days since, and having
been repaired wull sail to-morrow: the
Florida expeifenced head weather, and
was obliged to put in for water. She, as
well as the McKim, was crowded with
sick and discharged volunteers, several
dying on the possage up. If anything is
needed it is a computable Government
transport on which to send home the sick
and disabled soldiers.
From Monterey to Ma tamoros, among
both Americans and .Mexicans, a great
deal of sickness prevails—chills and fe
vers and intermittent fevers. I have come
in fo*' more than a full share of both,but arn
now on the mend. I regret to state that two j
able officers died here last night anda re to I
he bn t ied i his afternoon—Col. William S.
Fisher, who commanded the noted Mier ex
pedition,and Capt. Francis IS. Fatly, who
commanded the Washington company of
Texas Rangers at the battle of Monterey.
The former had just married a young
and accomplished wife; the latter was
hourly expecting his family lo meet him
at this place.
The (J. S. steamer Spitfire, Capt.
Tatnall, arrived at Brazos Island on the
I9lh inst. from Chagres. She had on
hoard Capt. Wrn. C Nc hoi son, Lt. Leigh
and Passed Midshipman Duer, U. S.
N., who had all been sent down to Cha
gres with despatches for the Pacific squad
ron. They are now on their way to N. Or
leans on the McKim. The news from j
California, brought by these gentlemen, !
has doubtless been anticipated by the ar- |
rival of Com. Sloat.
I am glad to see that at length our Gov
ernment is to prosecute the war against
Mexico with some show of reason and
vigor. Recall Gen. Wool from his non
sensical and Quixotic expedition so Chi
huahua, order him to join Gen. Taylor
and help out in the operations against Sal
tille and San Luis, and the eyes of the
Mexican rulers will soon be opened.
All that will he wanting will be the sub
jugation cf Tampico, and the establish
ment ot depots of provisions on the road
between that and San Luis, to throw all
ofNorthern Mexico completely into our
power. G. W. K.
P. iS. The Florida sails to-night for
New’ Orleans—the McKim early to-mor
row morning.
A Balance. —We have, vve believe, once at
least, admonished our readers to avoid the
abominable abuse of the word “balance,”
which has for a longtime been tolerated,per
haps encouraged, at the South, hut which,
like the fever and ague, seems to be working
northward. We have, within a day or two,
seen in our own neighborhood, the word
“balance” used to denote remainder, or resi
due. Thus: “Part was used, and the balance
was sold. Balance , in mercantile phrase, is
the difference, and not the residue; and we
hope that good taste will prevent the misuse
of the term, before it acquires a currency
that will seem lo he proscriptive.
The man who sells bis neighbor ten hogs
heads of salt, for sixty dollars, and receives
from him eight barrels of mackerel, for fifty
dollars, will have a balance of ten dollars re
ceivable; but it of his ten hogsheads of salt,
he parts with only six hogsheads, he will
not have a balance , but a residue, or remain
der, of the salt.— Pldla. U. S. Gazelle.
Matrimonial. —Gentlemen advertising for
wives in London, hang out their da«ruerreo.
type miniature in a window of some fashiona
ble shop with this label;
“W anted— A female companion for the
above —Apply personal Iy.”
21
10
11
10
[ From the Georgia Journal, Nov. 3. ]
THE COTTON CHOP OF ALAB AMA.
The Montgomery (A la.) Journal ol the
28th ult. contains statements from 20
counties in different sections of Alabama,
relative to the crop of Cotton that will be
made this \ ear. The Journal publishes the
reply to their circulars,by counties, sepa
rately; but as it occupies much space,
we can give only the recapitulation,
which is as follows:
RECAPITULATION —ALABAMA.
W hole Number of Planters, returned in ? 303
our circulars, )
Acres of Land planted in 1845, 63.943
1816, 71,467
Acres increase, 2,521
Average yield per acre, in 1815, of all ) ~ t , ~
the farms given in, ) * )9 ‘
Do. do. do. 1846, do. 464 lbs.
Several of the Journal’s ciiculars hav- i
ing been sent to Mississippi, and returned,
we find also the following recapitulation t
of five counties
RECAPITULATION—MISSISSIPPI.
Whole Number of Planters, 47 i
Acres of Land planted in 1845, 10.61 7
“ “ “ 1846, 11.735
Acres increase, 1,118 j
Average yield per acre, in 1815, of all \ ,
the farms given in, ) 1, - 3 ;
Do. do. do. 1846, do. 5331 j
The Journal further adds :
“It will be seen from the above, that the falling I
off of the crop is in the great heavy producing sec- i
lions, which grow nine-tenths of the Alabama
crop. The few crops which show an inc rease over I
last year, are on the light soils, in the upland conn- !
ties, w here the whole production forms but asm .11
fraction of t lie aggregate of the crop. The oidy |
exceptions to this, are some of the river crops of
Dallas, wlieie the crop failed last season.”
Thus it will be seen that while the in
crease over the number of acres planted
is small, the decrease in the production of
Cotton in Alabama is nearly one-half, or
alleast three-eighths, and in Mississippi
it is more than one half. It the average
P
ol the crop in Alabama lie a fair average
for the crops in the States South ami
West of this—and, from all accounts, we
are inclined to the opinion that they will
not come up to it—then there will be a
falling off ofover 500,000 hales from last
year w hich would leave ihe crop at about
1.550.000. if it were not increased else
where. But it is supposed, and very
properly, that there will be an increase
from last year in the Atlantic Stales.—
In 1543 and 1914, the crop in Georgia, j
South Carolina, ami other Atlantic States,
was 582 000; in 1844 and 1845,750,000;
and in 1845 and 1846, 47:1,200 hales. 1
Although the crops in Georgia were verv
fine up to Juno, and although the wet j
weather, the caterpillar, and the worm,
have not been so destructive as it was
once anticipated, yet we have no idea \
that the crop will reach that of 1844 and
’45 bv one-fourth. Many differ with n--,
and think that it will nearly reach that
of 1844 and ’45; hut a writer in the
Charleston Evening News, after giving
a statement of the crops for several years
past, estimates the crop this year in the
Atlantic States at COO —or an in
crease upon last year of 127.000 hales.
The increase may probably he greater,
but we do not believe it; I Git say that
it should he 200,000, and then according
lo the estimate here made the crop will
not be over, 1,750,000 hales.
For the past two or three months, we |
have noticed closely the accounts receiv- >
ed from the different sections raising Cot- j
ton, and sometime since wt expressed the f
opinion that the crop of the present year !
would not reach 2,000.000. We have
given to our readers many accounts since, I
O ... *
and vve now think it will not go beyond j
1.800.000. We may be wrong, but it is i
our opinion, and it may go for what it is
worth. If the crop does not exceed 1,-
800.000. w’e think Cotton will advance—
and taking this view of the matter, we
would advise all of our farming friends 1
who are able to hold their Cotton, not lo he
in a hurry to sell it—lor if any are to be
benefited by the advance, we would rath
er it would fall to their lot.
We shall continue next week, and
thereafter, such facts as may ho calcula
ted to throw light upon this subject—so
that the reader can jiGge for himself of
the correctness or incorrectness of the
conclusions we have arrived at.
THE SOCHOLOGER,
A Newly In vented and Patented Fish Hook. \
iThis hook is a !
perfect fish killer I
* in itself. The old I
r saying that “a nib- ]
i ble is as good as a
bite” is truly ex j
it amplified in this j
I invention. No
, I sooner does small 1
j I \ fry or big fish at- !
■ I \ tempt a nibble at
I \ the bait, than |
I \ down comes atrip
hammer hook, by
f t v j\ the povv’r of spring j
I and lever, giving j
the unlucky nih
" r* Viler a ' sordninger' \
/jr f between tlie eyes,
f I VI 1 ai d securing it on
V\ the hart) as firmly
V V\ as if it had essayed
a Id to swallow the I
jj whole invention, 1
V J/ instead of taking a
fastidious nibble j
to make sure of j
“fresh bait.” We recommend all the disciples of j
Izaak \N alton to provide themselves with a supply
of this article, for it is truly the greatest invention
of the age. and is destined so make the inventors,
Messrs. Engeltsrecht Ai Skiff, as celebrated in the
piscatory world, as good old Izaak Walton himself. 1
— N. Y. Sun.
MILLEDGEVILLE MANUFACTURING COMPANY.
This Company, organized the last Spring,
will soon be realizing the reward of their en
terprize. The building has been completed i
for several weeks, and the machinery, with 1
every thing necessary for spinning and weav- j
ing, m process of erection within it. In a
tew more weeks, this manufactory will be in I
active operation. The machinery is to be i
propelled by steam, and soon it, will be de- j
monstrated in Georgia, as it has been else
where, that steam power is as profitable and j
safe in the manufacture of Cotton, as water
power. This Company will employ about
one hundred and fifty operatives whe-n every
thing is fairly set to work, and will give new
life to our town. The consumption of cotton
will make our market a more desirable one to ,
the surrounding farmers, than it has been for
a few years past. In many other points, too,
wc look upon it as an enterprising wedge to |
' a greatly future increase of business. There
is scarcely a county in Georgia where more
idle capital can be found that in Baldwin,
; and vve have scarcely a doubt that much of
this will be invested liereatier in similar es
tablishments.— Georgia Journal, Non. 3.
1 AUGUSTA. (iEO..
THURSDAY MOUM.v,;. NOV 5. 1846
iLr To-day being set apart as a day of
I Thanksgiving and Prayer, there will be no
paper issued from this office to-morrow.
j tL/“Dr. Abraham 8. Bill, who lias been ap
pointed by the President, Surgeon of the
1 Georgia Regiment, took his departure to join
, his Regiment in Mexico on the 30th nit.
“Then, it appears, that the ConstUufionaJist will
say, in the most unblushing manner, first, (as here
toture asserted,) that Mr. Clay has committed false
hood in preferring 10 obtain revenue by tariffs in
stead of direct taxation; and second, has done so,
with the hojte of subscriptions 0/ money being made
for him by the manufacturers. We will lake ihe
liberty of saying, that this, in addition to other as
sertions, no longer entitles the Constitutionalist to
the credit of liberality amt fair-dealing as a putdie
journal. We have heard Whigs speak of it. (some
lime ago, it is true,) as a finn but courteous and
decorous democratic organ.” —Chronicle A Sen
tinel.
it the Chronicle would bridle in his ima
gination and whip up his judgment, we think
we might get 011 better. We wished to set
him right as to the meaning of a word—and
thereupon he makes all this pother. For a
flat, open, palpable, self contradiction of Mr.
Clay—we hid a right to conjecture the
motive to be the hope of office which he did
seek or the hope of subscriptions, which he
did obtain. For the rest, when the Consti
tutionalist wishes a certificate “for liberality
and fair dealing as a public Journal, it vviil
apply to some paper that has credit for these
qualities—so the Chronicle need not give
itself any uneasiness upon that score.
POLITICAL CHANGE.
For tie
Must sei ve who fun would sway,and soo'.h, and «ue
A ml watchall tilU J—pry into all place—
And lie a living fie—who would hacome
A m ghty thing among the mean, and such
The muss are.
Cord Jit/ron’s JMunford.
This is the language less of the inspira
tion of poetry than of the biller and con
temptuous spirit of an aristocrat who was
burn to rank, to genius, and to fortune, it
contains the embodymeni of narrow and vin
dictive hatred of the masses. Jt breathes in
every word—the hearted selfishness of those
who believe that the largest half of our race
must be made by soothing and sneing—the
easy, pliant cushions, upon their proud scorn
ers may repo.-e and flatter. It comes home
in its application; not only to the lordlings of
an oligarchy—but to the leaders and sup
porters of monopolies and class interests, the
world over. And lo all who strive to set
up barriers against the masses, to the enjoy
ment of equal privilege, and equal protec
tion of the government. These lines, while
they portray the feeling, develope aho the
policy of Witiggery. Let ns see :
The first requisite of a true Whig is, a
contempt for (he sovereignty of tiie people.
Tins feeling of contempt “stops up all ac
cess and passage” of sympathy for their con
dition, and “all compunctious visitings” for
any deceptions that can be practiced upon
the ignorant credulity of what they call the
“mob. They adopt every cognomen and
device that can win the favor—and brand
their opponents with every nic-name that can
pander lo the prejudice of the people they
despise. 'These are the soothing—sneing
tricks of the party every where. But the
Southern branch of the Whig party—the
State rights men and Nnliifiers, who compose
most of that party, have gone a bow-shot be
yond their brother Federalists and Whigs of
the North. They have not only practiced
all the arts adopted by their coadjutors, but
they have avowed inti lei Ity to all political
faith, and practically assert the annihilation
of the maxims of civil government. Thev 1
proclaim change of principle as the law of
their political ethics. We heard in ’44 a 1
“robustous fellow”—a genuine Whig slump
orator —the Corrypheus of the band, stand up
and from his “bad eminence”—mouth and
maul this doctrine of distraction “till he split
the ears of the groundlings.” He was heard to
call upon the people to change their principles.
He offered himself as an example. He had
changed upon the subject of the 'Tariff—the
Bank—the Sub-Treasury—in all—.all lie bad
changed, and the change was called improve
ment. W e mean not here to lecture on thp
speech or the speaker, for they are indeed tiie
“food fit for oblivion.” But there are
thoughts connected with the subject itself
which, among the ephemera of daily edito
rials, may reach the heart of some honest
and misguided man (and there are many
such in the Whig ranks) and set him to
think for himself.
It was observed by the great master of hu
man passions that “men’s opinions are but
a parcel of their fortunes.” Most men adopt
their creeds in religion and in politics to jus
tify their conduct in one or support some
personal or party prejudice in the other.
An apostate would naturally proclaim change
as the law of the universe—anti thus make
his creed the subterfuge of his dishonesty.
They would declare that progress is change
and therefore change is progress. This idle i
sophistry lias, we fear, imposed upon more
than one well meaning man. Let us ana- i
lyzc it.
If there are not laws which are unchange
able and fixed, there is no sneJi Thing as
truth in the world. To deny them—t-o
change them would put an end at once and
forever to all order and all reasoning, it is
the action and counter-action of these laws
that produce a variety of effects that are ;
called changes. The seasons change—the 1
winds and rains oi Heaven change in their
courses and their gentle fall. We change
in our stature our feelings, our ends, our aims. ,
But there is “no ra.rial.ion or shadow of
change” in the laws which regulate thcsf?
changes. Unyielding, unbending regular ly
and consistency is the Jaw of laws—it is that
alone which
‘Bears theseal of fate the sanction ol a God.”
Nor is it less the law of the moral than of
the physical world. The nearest imperfect
j approach which man can make to the author
of his being is by a self denying conformity
to this divine pattern and law of the universe.
What is honesty, hut unvarying consistency
in giving to every man his due? What is
integrity bnt, consistency in always telling the
truth? W hat, is ihe practice of all the vir
tues or any of them—but the strict assistant
and regular adherence to a preconceived and
established principle? Even the best feel
ings—the earliest and strongest prejudices
i of onr nature participate with reason ami
lay on the side of this highest behest «f
Heaven, 'i’he worst and most corrupt of
our race never entirely loose the sentiment*
however they may seek to escape its force.
What is more hated than apostasy? What i ?
more disputable among thieves than treach
ery? What is more dreaded by all than the
name of turn-coat? Thus too it is in politics.
The honest politician is he, alone, who con
forms to (heprinciples he professes, ii is true
that there are fewer discovered and establish
ed laws in politics than in morals. But it
does not alter the obligation of conformity
where they are discovered and established.
And we lay it down as a rule as well in po
litics (without exception) as in morals, (h it
the man who asserts a general principle—the
law itself of a system who knows all the
terms and conditions upon which it is found
ed can never reverse the principle—the as
sorted law—without fixing falsehood upon
himself, and proving himself unworthy of
credit or belief. In practice there can he
but one justification for the slightest aberra
tion or departure from the la n —it is necessi
ty. Necessity it has been said, and said truly,
has Ui> law.
Thus a min may assert and believe that
theft is a crime. Vet, he might steal be
fore he woird starve —when in this ca-«
he puts his departure from the principle
—that theft is a crime—upon the ground
of necessity—we should think him unfortu
nate—and he would fie pitied and forgiven.
But what if he should turn about and assert
as a justification ilia! theft was a virtue —we
should at once discredit the iieces.-ify and
charge the act to wickedness and corru, tion
of heart. Eel us apply reflections to
some of (he illustrious little—who justify
apostasy upon no other ground than the
beauty of change. And lei them stand for
all lime as negative examples to be shunned
and despised.
One whig has declared in terms (though
we have not his words before n.-) we do not
doubt , we know the tariff to be unconstitution
al. Alter a lapse ol a few years, every term
and cond'ition of the proposition being unal
tered (except there was a‘-fit audience” who
could pay) fie asserted tfie reverse of the pro
poshuon. and declared protection —the protec
tion of some peculiar interests, to be constitu
tional—and added, lo show his hearty purpose
that the man who thought differently, and as
lie had done for years, might lie a gooi Brit
ish subject, hut no American patriot. This
inconsistency showed him a traitor to truth
as well as traitor to his country. And this
it is to sooth an i sue and be a living He.
Into the same category of trickling incon
sistency we brought ihe assertions of Mr.
Clay upon direct taxation. He did not justify
the resort todirect taxation upon the necessi
ties of the government, but upon the objec
tion to indirect taxation, that it was a "system
of warfare between the government and the peo-
and now wlien the manufacturers are
rich enough to pay his debts, we find he as
serts that it is a most beautiful and harmoni
ous system, between tne government and the
people—and ibis it i& to soothe and »ue ami
be a living lie.
But “we turn with pleasure from that bar
ren waste in which no solitary plant lakes
root, no verdure quickens, lo a character fer
tile in every great and good qualification”—
to a name that stands glorious and untar
nished amidst the wrecks that ambition has
made around him—to a man who for de
votion to right and passion for truth, stands
“Ihe foremost man of all the world.” The
fame of John C. Calhoun—his good name
ifie wonderful achievements of his unequaled
genius, is the heritage of posterity and are
beyond the shot of chance or tongue of ma
liorviity.
The ridiculous attacks on Vlr. C:'by the
Chronicle, is worthy of the worshiper of
Webster and Clay—and we meet it thus:
Mr, Calhoun never did declare “that a tariff
for protection was constitutional.” The dis
tinction between a tariff for revenue and a
tariff for protection, was not taken in 1816.
The proposition was not asserted by him nr
any body else at that time, and it is as “false
as dicer’s oaths,” (hat he ever asserted or
laid down such a principle. If he had then
asserted the law—the principle (hat a tariff
for protection was constitutional, he would,
when he came to reverse the proposition,
have fallen in with some of those to whom
we have referred, and proved hiqiself a trait
or to his country and a traitor to truth.
We had intended to say something of our
selves, but the length of this article forbids
us to encroach further, at this time, on the
patience of onr readers.
The Treasury Notes. —The Washington
Fountain of this morning says: It is saul
that the Bank of Metropolis, the day before
yesterday exchanged 100,000 dollars in spe
cie for the Treasury notes offered by Mr.
Walker in his recent advertisement.
The Philadelphia inquirer states that there
is a rumor in that city, from Washington,
that Mr. Charles J. Ingersotl is about to be
appointed Minister to France.